2026年天津市苏教版初中英语上册第12章同步练习题

2026年天津市苏教版初中英语上册第12章同步练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12章课文内容，Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"?Thepassagemainlydiscusses______.A.TheimportanceoffamilyrelationshipsindailylifeB.HowtokeepapositiveattitudeindifficultsituationsC.ThescientificreasonsbehindhumanhappinessD.ThehistoricaldevelopmentofhappinesstheoriesinancientGreece解析：本题考查第12章核心主题。根据课文"TheSecretofHappiness"的导语部分，作者明确指出文章将探讨如何通过日常行为提升幸福感，如积极思考、帮助他人等。选项A涉及家庭关系，但非全文重点；选项C和D涉及心理学和哲学背景，但文章更侧重实践方法；选项B与课文主旨完全吻合，故正确。干扰项设计上，A和C为常见误区，D利用古希腊背景制造迷惑性，但均与课文实际内容不符。2.Inthestory"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorsuggeststhatsmilingcanmakeyoufeelhappier.Whydoestheauthorthinkthisistrue?A.BecausesmilingmakesotherslikeyoumoreB.BecausesmilingreleasesendorphinsinthebrainC.BecausesmilingisaculturalhabitinWesterncountriesD.Becausepeoplewhosmileareusuallyalreadyhappy解析：本题考查课文细节理解。文章中明确提到"smilingcanchangeyourbrainchemistry"并解释了神经递质的作用，对应选项B。选项A是表面现象，非根本原因；选项C涉及文化偏见，文章强调科学性而非习俗；选项D是因果倒置，故错误。干扰项通过"他人喜欢"（A）和"文化习惯"（C）转移注意力，但均未触及神经科学解释。3.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"whichofthefollowingisNOTarecommendedwaytoincreasehappiness?A.SpendingtimewithlovedonesB.FocusingonproblemsinsteadofsolutionsC.PracticinggratitudedailyD.Engaginginphysicalactivities解析：本题考查否定事实细节。文章列举了多种提升幸福的方法（A、C、D），并明确反对"ruminateonproblems"（B），即过度思考问题。选项B与文章建议完全相反，故正确。干扰项通过A、C、D提供正面选项，使B的否定属性更突出，同时C和D是常见建议，增强迷惑性。4.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"thecharacterLilyexperiencesaturningpointwhenshe______.A.MovestoanewcityforabetterjobB.DecidestohelpherneighborwithgroceriesC.WinsalargeamountofmoneyinalotteryD.Startsanewhobbyeveryweek解析：本题考查人物情节分析。根据课文Lily的日记片段，她通过帮助邻居后感到快乐，并总结出"helpingothersmakesmehappy"的结论，对应选项B。选项A、C、D均为外部条件变化，但文章强调内在行为改变，故排除。干扰项通过"新城市/金钱/爱好"等常见幸福诱因制造迷惑，但未结合Lily的实际转变过程。5.Thephrase"theglassishalffull"inthepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"refersto______.A.AphysicalglassofwaterB.AmetaphorforoptimismC.AscientificexperimentonglassmanufacturingD.AculturaltraditioninChinesemedicine解析：本题考查文化隐喻理解。文章用"glassishalffull/halfempty"对比两种心态，解释积极思维的重要性，对应选项B。选项A是字面意思；选项C和D引入无关文化/科学概念，故错误。干扰项通过具体事物（A）和异国文化（D）分散注意力，但未解释比喻本质。6.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthormentionsthathappinessisnotalwaysaboutbigevents.Whichexamplesupportsthisidea?A.ApersonbuyinganewcarfeelshappyB.AstudentgettingagoodgradefeelssatisfiedC.AteacherhelpingastudentunderstandaconceptfeelsfulfilledD.Afamilycelebratingabirthdayfeelsjoyful解析：本题考查抽象概念应用。文章强调"smallmomentsmatter"（如帮助他人、学习进步），对应选项C。选项A、D涉及重大事件，与观点矛盾；选项B虽是积极结果，但未体现日常小确幸，故错误。干扰项通过消费/节日等常见幸福场景干扰，但未突出文章对微小成就的关注。7.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"suggeststhathappinessis______.A.AtemporaryfeelingcausedbyexternaleventsB.Along-termstatethatrequireseffortC.OnlypossiblewhenyouhavealotofmoneyD.Askillthatcanbelearnedthroughpractice解析：本题考查全文主旨。文章多次强调"happinessisachoice"（选择积极心态）和"ittakeswork"（需要刻意练习），对应选项B和D。选项A是享乐主义观点；选项C与文章科学论据相悖，故正确。干扰项通过"外部事件/金钱"等表面因素转移焦点，但未解释文章的主动性和持续性观点。8.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorusestheexampleofapersonwhoalwayscomplains.Whatistheauthor'smessageaboutthisperson?A.ThepersonisunluckybecausetheynevergetwhattheywantB.ThepersonhasastrongpersonalitythatothersadmireC.Theperson'sattitudenegativelyaffectstheirhappinessD.Thepersonisagoodlistenerbecausetheytalkalot解析：本题考查负面案例分析。文章指出"complainingcreatesanegativemindset"（抱怨导致消极思维），对应选项C。选项A是归因错误；选项B和D完全扭曲案例性质，故正确。干扰项通过"运气/性格/社交"等无关属性制造迷惑，但未结合文章对负面心态的批判。9.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"mentionsthathappinesscanbeincreasedby______.A.ComparingyourselftoothersonsocialmediaB.WritingdownthreethingsyouaregratefulforeachdayC.WatchingTVformorethanthreehoursD.Ignoringyourresponsibilitiestofocusonfun解析：本题考查积极建议应用。文章推荐"gratitudejournaling"（感恩日记），对应选项B。选项A是典型负面行为；选项C和D与健康建议相悖，故正确。干扰项通过社交媒体/娱乐等现代诱惑制造迷惑，但未反映文章对刻意练习的强调。10.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorconcludesthat______.A.HappinessisthesameforeveryoneintheworldB.MoneyisthekeytohappinessifyouhaveenoughC.Smalldailyactionscansignificantlyimprovewell-beingD.Onlyfamouspeoplecantrulyexperiencehappiness解析：本题考查结论归纳。文章总结"simplehabitsmatter"（简单习惯影响巨大），对应选项C。选项A忽略个体差异；选项B与文章科学数据矛盾；选项D是精英主义观点，故正确。干扰项通过"全球统一/金钱/名人"等极端观点制造迷惑，但未结合文章的普适性建议。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorsuggeststhat______canchangeyourmoodinstantly.参考答案：smiling解析：文章实验部分指出"smilingtriggersendorphins"（微笑引发内啡肽），故填"smiling"。2.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"thecharacterLilylearnsthathelpingothersmakesherfeel______.参考答案：happier解析：Lily的日记明确记录"helpingMrs.Leemademehappierthanwinningthelottery"，故填"happier"。3.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"mentionsthatapersonwhoalwaysfocusesonproblemsislikelytohavea______attitude.参考答案：negative解析：文章用"negativespiral"（消极循环）描述过度思考问题的人，故填"negative"。4.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorrecommendswritinga______toimprovehappiness.参考答案：gratitudejournal解析：文章具体说明"writedownthreethingsyou'regratefulfor"，故填"gratitudejournal"。5.Thephrase"theglassishalffull"inthepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"isanexampleof______thinking.参考答案：optimistic解析：文章对比"halffull/halfempty"心态，解释乐观思维的重要性，故填"optimistic"。6.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"happinessisnotalwaysaboutbigevents.Itcanbefoundin______.参考答案：smallmoments解析：文章强调"smallmomentsmatter"（小确幸），故填"smallmoments"。7.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorsuggeststhathappinessisa______.参考答案：choice解析：文章多次强调"choosehappiness"（选择幸福），故填"choice"。8.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"mentionsthatapersonwhocomplainsalotislikelytohavea______mindset.参考答案：negative解析：文章用"negativemindset"（消极思维）描述抱怨者，故填"negative"。9.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorrecommends______toincreasehappiness.参考答案：exercisingregularly解析：文章科学部分指出"physicalactivityboostsmood"，故填"exercisingregularly"。10.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"concludesthathappinesscanbeincreasedby______dailyactions.参考答案：small解析：文章总结"smalldailyactionsmatter"，故填"small"。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"happinessisprimarilydeterminedbyyourgenes.参考答案：False解析：文章强调后天行为（如微笑、感恩）的影响，而非基因决定论，故错误。2.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorsuggeststhatbuyingexpensivethingswillmakeyouhappierinthelongrun.参考答案：False解析：文章批判物质主义，指出金钱带来的快乐短暂，故错误。3.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"mentionsthatthecharacterLilybecomesunhappyafterhelpingherneighbor.参考答案：False解析：Lily明确表示帮助他人后感到快乐，故错误。4.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"happinessisthesameforeveryoneintheworld.参考答案：False解析：文章强调个体差异和主观感受，故错误。5.Thephrase"theglassishalffull"inthepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"isascientifictermformeasuringliquidvolume.参考答案：False解析：文章解释其比喻意义，非科学术语，故错误。6.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorsuggeststhatwatchingTVforthreehoursadaywillincreasehappiness.参考答案：False解析：文章未推荐看电视，反而建议减少被动娱乐，故错误。7.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"mentionsthatapersonwhoalwayscomplainswillbehappierthanonewhoisoptimistic.参考答案：False解析：文章明确反对抱怨，提倡积极心态，故错误。8.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"happinessisonlypossibleifyouarefamousorrich.参考答案：False解析：文章强调普通人可以通过日常行为提升幸福，故错误。9.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorsuggeststhathappinessisatemporaryfeelingcausedbyexternalevents.参考答案：False解析：文章主张幸福是长期状态，需要主动选择，故错误。10.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"mentionsthatthecharacterLilywinsalargeamountofmoneyandbecomesveryhappy.参考答案：False解析：Lily认为帮助他人比中奖更快乐，故错误。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatarethreewaystoincreasehappiness?参考答案：-Smileregularly（文章实验证明微笑释放内啡肽）-Practicegratitude（写感恩日记，记录三件好事）-Helpothers（Lily的例子表明帮助他人提升幸福感）解析：本题考查核心建议。文章列举了微笑、感恩、助人为乐三种方法，需结合具体描述作答。2.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"whydoestheauthorthinkthatsmalldailyactionscanimprovewell-being?参考答案：-Happinessisachoice（主动选择积极心态）-Simplehabitscompoundovertime（微小行为积累效果）-Smallmomentsmatter（日常小确幸是幸福感来源）解析：本题考查理论依据。需结合文章对习惯、选择、小确幸的论述，分点说明。3.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"mentionsthatapersonwhoalwayscomplainsislikelytohaveanegativemindset.Explainwhy.参考答案：-Complainingfocusesonproblems（过度关注负面）-Itcreatesanegativespiral（消极循环影响情绪）-Itpreventsfindingsolutions（抱怨代替行动）解析：本题考查负面行为分析。需结合文章对抱怨心理的批判，解释其机制。4.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthorusestheexampleofapersonwhoalwaysfocusesonproblems.Whatistheauthor'smessageaboutthisperson?参考答案：-Theirattitudenegativelyaffectshappiness（消极心态降低幸福感）-Theymissopportunitiestofeelgood（过度思考错过积极体验）-Happinessrequireseffort（需要刻意改变思维）解析：本题考查案例启示。需结合文章对问题导向者的批判，说明其后果。5.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"mentionsthatthecharacterLilyexperiencesaturningpointwhenshehelpsherneighbor.Whatdoesthisteachusabouthappiness?参考答案：-Happinesscomesfromhelpingothers（利他提升幸福感）-Smallactsofkindnessmatter（日常善举有重大意义）-Externalrewardsdon'talwaysbringtruehappiness（物质奖励非根本）解析：本题考查人物启示。需结合Lily的体验和结论，提炼对幸福的理解。6.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatisthedifferencebetweenapositiveandanegativemindset?参考答案：-Positivemindsetfocusesonsolutions（积极者寻找办法）-Negativemindsetfocusesonproblems（消极者放大困难）-Positivemindsetseesopportunities（积极者发现可能）-Negativemindsetseesthreats（消极者感知危险）解析：本题考查心态对比。需结合文章对两种思维模式的描述，分点说明差异。7.Inthechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"theauthormentionsthathappinessisaskillthatcanbelearned.Explainhow.参考答案：-Practicegratitude（刻意记录感恩事项）-Smileregularly（养成微笑习惯）-Helpothers（主动参与利他行为）-Avoidcomplaining（减少负面思维）解析：本题考查技能培养。需结合文章建议，说明如何通过行为训练提升幸福感。8.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"concludesthatsmalldailyactionscansignificantlyimprovewell-being.Whyisthisimportant?参考答案：-Happinessisachoice（主动选择而非被动接受）-Simplehabitscompoundovertime（微小行为积累效果）-It'saccessibletoeveryone（普通人可实践）-Itbuildsresilience（增强心理韧性）解析：本题考查结论意义。需结合文章对习惯和选择的理论，说明其重要性。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareastudentwhoalwaysfeelsunhappybecauseyouthinkyourgradesaretoolow.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatthreethingscanyoudotoimproveyourmood?参考答案：-Smilemoreoften（文章实验证明微笑提升情绪）-Writeagratitudejournal（记录三件让你感恩的事，如朋友的帮助）-Helpaclassmatewithhomework（利他行为提升幸福感）解析：本题考查应用建议。需结合文章方法，设计符合学生场景的解决方案。2.Imagineyourfriendalwayscomplainsabouttheirlife.Accordingtothechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatadvicewouldyougivethem?参考答案：-Suggesttheywriteagratitudejournal（记录三件好事）-Encouragethemtohelpsomeone（利他行为改变心态）-Remindthemthathappinessrequireseffort（积极思维代替抱怨）解析：本题考查人际建议。需结合文章对抱怨的批判，提供具体行动方案。3.Supposeyouwanttoincreaseyourhappinessbutdon'tknowwheretostart.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatisonesmalldailyactionyoucantake?参考答案：-Smileatstrangers（简单行为释放内啡肽）-Writedownonethingyou'regratefulfor（培养感恩习惯）-Dofiveminutesofstretching（运动提升情绪）解析：本题考查实践操作。需结合文章建议，选择一个可执行的微小行动。4.Imagineyouhadabaddayatschool.Accordingtothechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"howcanyouimproveyourmoodintheevening?参考答案：-Helpyourparentswithdinner（利他行为转移注意力）-Writeagratitudejournal（记录一件好事，如朋友的安慰）-Watchafunnyvideo（积极娱乐放松心情）解析：本题考查情绪调节。需结合文章方法，设计符合日常场景的解决方案。5.Supposeyouareateacherwhowantstomakeyourstudentshappier.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatcanyoudoinclass?参考答案：-Encouragesmiling（营造积极氛围）-Startagratitudecircle（学生分享感恩事）-Planasmallactofkindness（如帮助同学）解析：本题考查教育应用。需结合文章建议，设计课堂活动提升学生幸福感。6.Imagineyouarewritingablogabouthappiness.Accordingtothechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatwouldyouincludeinyourfirstpost?参考答案：-Introducetheideathathappinessisachoice（主动心态）-Sharethreewaystoincreasehappiness（微笑、感恩、助人）-Includeareal-lifeexample（如Lily的故事）解析：本题考查内容创作。需结合文章核心观点，设计博客内容框架。7.Supposeyouaredesigningahappinessworkshop.Accordingtothepassage"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatactivitieswouldyouinclude?参考答案：-Gratitudewritingexercise（记录三件好事）-Smilechallenge（互相微笑活动）-Groupkindnessproject（合作帮助他人）解析：本题考查活动设计。需结合文章方法，设计互动环节提升参与感。8.Imagineyouareinterviewingsomeonewhohasbeenhappyformanyyears.Accordingtothechapter"TheSecretofHappiness,"whatwouldyouaskthem?参考答案：-Howdoyoupracticegratitudedaily（感恩习惯）-Whatsmallactionsmakeyouhappy（日常小确幸）-Howdoyouhandlenegativethoughts（应对消极心态）解析：本题考查访谈设计。需结合文章建议，设计符合幸福主题的问题。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.B3.B4.B5.B6.C7.B8.C9.B10.C二、填空题1.smiling2.happier3.negative4.gratitudejournal5.optimistic2.smallmoments7.choice8.negative9.exercisingregularly3.small三、判断题1.F2.F3.F4.F5.F6.F7.F8.F9.F10.F四、简答题1.S