2026年陕西省人教版初中英语下册第8单元写作专项训练

2026年陕西省人教版初中英语下册第8单元写作专项训练一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第8单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?A.Toadvertiseanewenvironmentalprotectionproduct.B.Todescribethebeautyofnature.C.Topersuadepeopletotakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.D.Tointroducefamousenvironmentalscientists.解析：本题考查单元主题理解。正确答案为C。文章通过描述环境问题（如污染、资源枯竭）和提出解决方案（如垃圾分类、节约用水），明确表达了呼吁读者参与环保行动的主旨。选项A错误，文章未涉及产品广告；选项B错误，虽然描述了自然之美，但重点在于问题与解决方案；选项D错误，未提及具体人物。干扰项设计上，A利用"environmental"关键词迷惑，B利用"nature"与单元内容关联，D利用"scientists"与环保行动的间接联系设置干扰。2.Intheunit8readingpassage"HowtoStayHealthy?",whichsentencebestsummarizestheauthor'sadvice?A.Eatingfastfoodisbetterthaneatingvegetables.B.Exerciseeverydaytokeepfit.C.It'simportanttosleepforatleast8hourseverynight.D.Keepingahealthydietandexercisingregularlyareequallyimportant.解析：正确答案为D。文章通过对比不同健康习惯（饮食、运动、睡眠）的优劣，强调综合健康方式的重要性。选项A错误，与文章提倡的均衡饮食相悖；选项B和C分别只提及单一建议，未体现全面性。干扰项设计上，A利用"food"与单元饮食话题关联，B和C分别对应文章中的具体建议，但均未涵盖整体性。3.Accordingtotheunit8grammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttense?A.IhavevisitedtheGreatWallthreetimeslastyear.B.Shehasfinishedherhomeworkfortwohours.C.TheyhavebeentoShanghaisince2010.D.Wehavegonetoschoolyesterday.解析：正确答案为C。选项A错误，"lastyear"需用一般过去时；选项B错误，"fortwohours"需用现在完成进行时；选项D错误，"yesterday"需用一般过去时。干扰项设计上，A和B利用常见时间状语设置陷阱，D将一般过去时与现在完成时混淆。4.Intheunit8writingtask,whatshouldbeincludedintheintroductionofalettertoapenpalaboutyourhometown?A.Detaileddescriptionsofalltheplacesyouhavevisited.B.Yourfavoritefoodandhobbies.C.Abriefintroductionofyourhometownanditsmainattractions.D.Photosofyourfamilymembers.解析：正确答案为C。根据写作指导，信件开头需介绍家乡概况，如地理位置、特色景点。选项A和B过于具体但偏离主题，选项D与信件形式不符。干扰项设计上，A和B利用单元写作中"describe"和"share"的词汇设置干扰。5.Whichwordbestcompletesthesentencefromtheunit8readingpassage?"Manypeoplearoundtheworldaretryingto______theproblemofplasticpollution."A.solveB.playC.watchD.clean解析：正确答案为A。根据上下文，"solvetheproblem"是固定搭配，意为"解决问题"。选项B"play"与污染治理无关；选项C"watch"表示观察，程度不足；选项D"clean"虽相关但不如"solve"准确。干扰项设计上，B利用"play"与单元"activities"话题关联，C和D利用动词常见搭配设置迷惑。6.Intheunit8vocabularysection,whatdoes"sustainable"meaninthesentence"Weshouldusesustainablematerialstobuildhouses"?A.TemporaryB.ExpensiveC.EnvironmentallyfriendlyD.Difficulttocarry解析：正确答案为C。根据单元环保主题，"sustainable"指"可持续的、环保的"。选项A和B与材料特性无关；选项D无实际意义。干扰项设计上，A利用"temporary"与"long-term"形成对比，B利用"expensive"与单元经济话题关联。7.Accordingtotheunit8grammarrule,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.Thestudentsweregivenanewassignmentyesterday.B.Shehasbeenreadingabookforthreedays.C.Theywillgotothemuseumnextweek.D.Weshouldprotectthetrees.解析：正确答案为A。选项B为现在完成进行时；选项C为一般将来时；选项D为祈使句。干扰项设计上，B和C利用常见时态设置陷阱，D利用祈使句结构干扰。8.Intheunit8writingtask,whatshouldbethemainfocusoftheconclusionofareportonenvironmentalprotection?A.Listingalltheenvironmentalproblemsintheworld.B.Repeatingtheideasfromtheintroduction.C.Givingsuggestionsforfutureactions.D.Addingnewinformationnotmentionedbefore.解析：正确答案为C。结论需总结并提出后续行动建议。选项A和B过于冗长或重复；选项D违反写作规范。干扰项设计上，A利用"environmentalproblems"与单元主题关联，B利用"introduction"与文章结构设置干扰。9.Whichsentencefromtheunit8readingpassageshowstheauthor'sopinion?A.ManyriversinChinaarepolluted.B.Peopleshouldreducewaterconsumption.C.Thegovernmentshouldbanplasticbags.D.Environmentalprotectioniseveryone'sresponsibility.解析：正确答案为D。选项A和B为客观陈述；选项C为建议但未明确态度；选项D为带有价值判断的论断。干扰项设计上，A和B利用事实性描述，C利用政策建议设置迷惑。10.Intheunit8speakingactivity,whatshouldyoudowhenyourpartnerisspeaking?A.Interruptthemfrequentlytocorrecttheirgrammar.B.Listencarefullyandaskquestionslater.C.Lookatyourphonetocheckmessages.D.Repeatthesamewordstheysaytoshowagreement.解析：正确答案为B。听力活动要求专注倾听并适时提问。选项A和C违反交流礼仪；选项D机械重复无意义。干扰项设计上，A利用"correctgrammar"与单元语法话题关联，C利用"phone"与科技话题关联。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunit8passage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"suggeststhatweshould______wasteinsteadofthrowingitawaydirectly.解析：正确答案为"sort"（分类）。文章强调垃圾分类的重要性，"sortwaste"是环保行动的具体措施。空格前"sort"与"throwaway"形成对比，需填入动词原形。2.Accordingtotheunit8grammarlesson,whentalkingaboutcompletedactionswithresults,weoftenusethe______tense.解析：正确答案为"presentperfect"。单元语法重点讲解现在完成时用于描述过去发生且与现在相关的经历，如"havetraveledtomanyplaces"。3.Intheunit8writingguide,itisrecommendedtouse______tomakeyourdescriptionmorevividandinteresting.解析：正确答案为"adjectivesandverbs"。写作技巧部分强调通过形容词和动词丰富表达，如"beautifulmountains"或"quicklyrunningchildren"。4.Theunit8readingpassage"HowtoStayHealthy?"mentionsthatdrinkingenoughwaterisimportantfor______.解析：正确答案为"health".文章指出"waterisessentialforgoodhealth"，强调其对健康的作用。5.Whenwritingalettertoapenpalintheunit8task,youshouldstartwitha______tointroduceyourselfbriefly.解析：正确答案为"friendlygreeting".写作指南明确要求信件开头使用"Dear...,howareyou?"等问候语。6.Theunit8vocabularylistincludestheword"pollution,"whichmeansthe______ofharmfulsubstancesintotheenvironment.解析：正确答案为"release".单元词汇解释中定义"pollution"为"thereleaseofchemicals,smoke,etc."。7.Intheunit8speakingactivity,itispoliteto______yourpartnerbeforegivingyourownopinion.解析：正确答案为"agreefirst".交流技巧部分建议先表示认同再补充观点，如"Actually,Iagreeand..."。8.Theunit8passageaboutfamousscientistsmentionsthatJaneGoodall______chimpanzeesforover60years.解析：正确答案为"studied".文章介绍Goodall的科研生涯，使用"studied"表示长期观察研究。9.Whenusingthepassivevoiceintheunit8grammarsection,thefocusisonthe______,notthedoer.解析：正确答案为"object".单元语法讲解强调被动语态的受动者，如"Englishisspokenhere"中"English"是对象。10.Theunit8writingtaskasksyoutowriteareportabouta______inyourcommunity,suchasaparkoralibrary.解析：正确答案为"publicplace".写作要求明确指出需描述社区公共设施，如"thelocallibrary"。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunit8passage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"onlygivessuggestions,notanyspecificactionstotake.解析：错误。文章不仅提出建议（如减少塑料使用），还列举具体行动（如参加植树活动）。判断依据为文章中"Joinlocalclean-upcampaigns"等实例。2.Accordingtotheunit8grammarlesson,thesentence"Ihaveeatenbreakfast"mustbetruebecauseitusesthepresentperfecttense.解析：错误。现在完成时表示经历，但不代表事实必须成立，如"havetraveledtothemoon"为假设经历。判断依据为时态的灵活性。3.Intheunit8writingtask,itisacceptabletousesimplepasttensefortheentirelettertoapenpal.解析：错误。信件需体现交流的即时性，建议使用现在时描述习惯或现状，如"weoftenwatchmoviestogether"。判断依据为写作指导中关于时态的建议。4.Theunit8readingpassageabouthealthhabitsstatesthatsleepingfor10hourseverynightisnecessaryforeveryone.解析：错误。文章强调睡眠重要性但未设定固定时长，如"theamountvariesbyage"。判断依据为文章中"individualneedsdiffer"的表述。5.Whenusingthepassivevoiceintheunit8grammarsection,thesubjectmustalwaysbeaperson.解析：错误。被动语态主语可以是物，如"thebookwaswrittenin1999"。判断依据为语法例句中"theexperimentwasconducted"等非人物主语。6.Theunit8vocabularylistdefines"sustainable"as"easytocarry."解析：错误。单元词汇解释中"sustainable"意为"environmentallyfriendlyandlong-lasting"，如"sustainableenergy"。判断依据为词汇表中的准确定义。7.Intheunit8speakingactivity,itisimportanttointerruptyourpartnerifyouknowthecorrectanswerimmediately.解析：错误。交流技巧强调倾听，打断会破坏流畅性，如"Waitforthemtofinishfirst"。判断依据为活动规则中关于尊重发言者的说明。8.Theunit8passageaboutfamousscientistsmentionsthatMarieCuriediscoveredtheelement"environment."解析：错误。文章介绍Curie发现镭（radium）和钋（polonium），未提及"environment"元素。判断依据为科学事实的准确性。9.Whenwritingareportintheunit8task,itisbettertoincludepersonalopinionsthanfacts.解析：错误。报告需以事实为基础，如"theparkhas500trees"而非"theparkisverybigbecauseIlikeit"。判断依据为写作要求中强调客观性。10.Theunit8grammarsectionteachesthatthesentence"Theywillgotothemuseumtomorrow"isinthefuturetense.解析：正确。一般将来时用于描述计划或预测，该句符合结构规则。判断依据为语法讲解中关于将来时的定义。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtotheunit8passage"ProtectingtheEnvironment,"whatarethreewayspeoplecanhelptheplanet?参考答案：（1）Reducewastebyrecyclingmaterialslikepaperandplastic.（2）Saveenergybyturningofflightswhennotinuse.（3）Planttreestoabsorbcarbondioxide.解析：需结合文章具体措施作答。评分标准：每点1分，共3分。要点包括减少废弃物、节约能源、植树造林等环保行动。2.Explainthedifferencebetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttenseusinganexamplefromtheunit8readingpassage.参考答案：Presentperfect:"ManypeoplehavevisitedtheGreatWall."（强调经历）Simplepast:"IvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear."（强调具体时间）解析：需对比两种时态的用法。评分标准：概念解释1分，例句1分，共2分。正确区分经历与具体事件。3.Intheunit8writingtask,whataretwotipsformakingyourdescriptionmoreinteresting?参考答案：（1）Usevividadjectives,e.g.,"thebrightbluesky."（2）Includeactionverbs,e.g.,"childrenareplayingonthebeach."解析：需结合写作技巧作答。评分标准：每点1分，共2分。要点包括形容词和动词的运用。4.Theunit8passage"HowtoStayHealthy?"mentionsfourhealthyhabits.Listanythreeofthem.参考答案：（1）Eatabalanceddietwithfruitsandvegetables.（2）Exerciseforatleast30minutesdaily.（3）Drinkenoughwaterthroughouttheday.解析：需回忆文章健康建议。评分标准：每点1分，共3分。要点包括饮食、运动、饮水等。5.Accordingtotheunit8grammarsection,whenshouldweusethepassivevoice?Giveonesituationfromtheunit.参考答案：Whenthedoerisunknownorunimportant,e.g.,"Thewindowwasbrokenlastnight."（文章中提到"theexperimentwasconductedbyexperts"）解析：需结合语法讲解作答。评分标准：概念解释1分，例句1分，共2分。正确说明被动语态的适用场景。6.Intheunit8vocabularysection,whatdoestheword"sustainable"meaninthecontextofenvironmentalprotection?参考答案："Sustainable"meansusingresourcesinawaythatdoesnotharmtheenvironmentandcanlastforalongtime,e.g.,solarenergy.解析：需结合单元词汇解释作答。评分标准：定义1分，例证1分，共2分。正确解释可持续发展的概念。7.Whenwritingalettertoapenpalintheunit8task,whatshouldyouincludeinthebodyparagraphs?参考答案：（1）Describeyourhometownorschool.（2）Shareyourhobbiesordailylife.解析：需结合写作指南作答。评分标准：每点1分，共2分。要点包括地点描述和个人兴趣。8.Theunit8passageaboutfamousscientistsmentionsachallengefacedbyJaneGoodall.Whatwasit?参考答案：Shefacedcriticismwhenshesaidchimpanzeescouldusetools,asitwasbelievedonlyhumanscoulddoso.解析：需回忆文章细节。评分标准：准确描述1分，共1分。要点包括工具使用争议。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5-7sentences)aboutaplaceyoulikeinyourhometownusingatleasttwoadjectivesandoneactionverbfromtheunit8vocabularylist.参考答案：Theparkinmyhometownisbeautifulandpeaceful.Ioftengotheretorelaxafterschool.Thetreesaretallandprovideshadeonsunnydays.Childrencanplayontheswingswhileparentschatnearby.It'saperfectplacetoenjoynature.解析：需运用形容词（beautiful,peaceful）和动词（go,play）作答。评分标准：句子连贯1分，词汇运用1分，内容相关1分，共3分。若未使用指定词汇扣1分。2.Completethefollowingsentencefromtheunit8readingpassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets:"Ifwecontinuetopollute,therivers______(dryup)."参考答案：willdryup解析：需使用一般将来时的被动语态。评分标准：动词形式正确1分，时态正确1分，共2分。若为主动语态或错误时态扣1分。3.Rewritethesentence"Theteachergaveusanewassignmentyesterday"intothepassivevoice.参考答案：Anewassignmentwasgiventousyesterday.解析：需将主动句改为被动句。评分标准：主谓宾转换正确1分，时态一致1分，共2分。若遗漏介词"to"扣1分。4.Writeagreetingforalettertoapenpalintheunit8task,includingyournameandwhereyoulive.参考答案：DearLily,howareyou?MynameisLiHua,andIliveinXi'an,ahistoriccityinChina.解析：需包含问候、姓名和地点。评分标准：格式正确1分，信息完整1分，共2分。若遗漏关键信息扣1分。5.Completethefollowingsentencewithawordfromtheunit8vocabularylist:"Usingreusablebagsisawaytohelp______(reduce)plasticwaste."参考答案：reduce解析：需使用单元词汇"reduce"。评分标准：词汇拼写正确1分，语境恰当1分，共2分。若拼写错误扣1分。6.Writeaquestionyouwouldaskapenpalintheunit8speakingactivityabouttheirhometown.参考答案：Whatisthemostinterestingplaceinyourhometown?解析：需设计开放性问题。评分标准：句式正确1分，内容相关1分，共2分。若为封闭性问题扣1分。7.Changethefollowingsentenceintothepresentperfecttense:"Shefinishedherhomeworklastnight."参考答案：Shehasfinishedherhomework.解析：需使用现在完成时。评分标准：时态转换正确1分，主谓一致1分，共2分。若为其他时态扣1分。8.Writeaconcludingsentenceforareportaboutaschooleventintheunit8task.参考答案：Overall,thesportsdaywasagreatsuccessandbroughtourschoolcommunityclosertogether.解析：需总结并升华主题。评分标准：逻辑连贯1分，语言得体1分，共2分。若过于简单扣1分。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.D3.C4.C5.C6.C7.A8.C9.D10.B解析示例：第1题正确答案为C，文章主旨为呼吁环保行动，选项C"persuade"与"呼吁"语义一致。干扰项A利用"environmental"设置迷惑，但文章未涉及产品广告。二、填空题1.sort2.presentperfect3.adjectivesandverbs4.health5.friendlygreeting6.release7.agreefirst8.studied9.object10.publicplace解析示例：第3题正确答案为"adjectivesandverbs"，写作技巧强调通过修饰词和动词丰富表达，如"colorfulbirdsfly"。三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.×5.×6.×7.×8.×9.×10.√解析示例：第4题错误，文章指出睡眠需求因人而异，未设定固定时长。判断依据为"individualneedsdiffer"的表述。四、简答题1.参考答案：减少废弃物、节约能源、植树造林。解析：需结合文章具体措施作答。评分标准：每点1分，共3分。2.参考答案：Presentperfect强调经历，Simplepast强调具体时间。例句：havevisitedvsvisitedlastyear。解析：需对比两种时态的用法。评分标准：概念解释1分，例句1分，共2分。3.参考答案：形容