八年级英语开学摸底词汇辨析阅读理解题诊断测试卷课外拓展版

八年级英语开学摸底词汇辨析阅读理解题诊断测试卷课外拓展版考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、词汇辨析从下列每组单词中，选出可以填入句子空白处最恰当的一项。1.Mysister___________swimmingintheriverwhenIsawherlastsummer.A.didB.doesC.wasdoingD.isdoing2.It'simportantto___________yourparentswhentheyaresick.A.lookafterB.lookforC.lookatD.looklike3.Themuseumoffersfreeticketstostudentswho___________18oryounger.A.areB.isC.amD.were4.We___________totheconcertlastnight,butwewerelateandmissedthebeginning.A.wentB.havegoneC.hadgoneD.weregoing5.Thisbagistooheavyforme.Canyou___________itforme?A.carryB.carryedC.carriesD.carried6.Mybrotherusually___________breakfast,butthismorninghedidn'tbecausehewaslateforwork.A.hasB.hadC.ishavingD.have7.Theteacheraskedus___________quietlyandfinishourhomework.A.tositB.sitC.satD.sitting8.Whatabout___________awalkafterdinner?A.doB.doingC.didD.todo9.ThisisthemostinterestingbookI___________sofarthisyear.A.readB.havereadC.amreadingD.wasreading10.Couldyoupleasetellmethewaytothenearestbusstation?A.howB.whereC.whenD.why二、阅读理解阅读下面这篇短文，然后回答问题。Lastweekend,agroupoffriendsfrommyclassdecidedtogohikinginthemountainsnearourcity.Wemetearlyinthemorningatthebusstationanddrovetothemountainbase.Theweatherwasbeautiful,withclearskiesandacoolbreeze.Westartedourhikeatsunrise.Thepathwasnotdifficultatfirst,butitbecamesteeperaswewenthigher.Wewereallsweatingafteranhour,butwetookbreaksandenjoyedthebeautifulviewofthevalleybelow.Wesawmanybirdsflyingandsomedeergrazingnearastream.Aroundnoon,wefoundanicespotunderabigtreetohavelunch.Wesharedthefoodwebroughtandtalkedaboutourschoollife.Afterlunch,wecontinuedourhike.Wereachedthetopofthemountainjustbeforesunset.Theviewfromthetopwasamazing!Wecouldseeourcityfarawayandthesurroundingmountains.Itfeltgreattohaveachievedourgoal.Wespentaboutanhourtakingphotosandenjoyingthepeacefulatmosphere.Then,westartedourjourneybackdown.Itwasdarkernow,andthepathwasabitscaryinthedimlight.Wearrivedbackatthebusstationlateintheevening,feelingtiredbuthappy.Thistripwasalotoffun,anditwasagreatwaytospendtheweekendwithmyfriends.Weallagreedthatwewouldgohikingagainsoon.1.Whatdidthegroupoffriendsdecidetodolastweekend?2.Whendidtheystarttheirhike?3.Whatdidtheyseewhilehiking?4.Wheredidtheyhavelunch?5.Howdidtheyfeelwhentheyreachedthetopofthemountain?6.Whywasthepathabitscarywhentheyweregoingbackdown?7.Whatdidtheyallagreetodoafterthetrip?三、阅读理解（续）Readthefollowingpassageandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.Manypeoplearoundtheworldareinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment.Thereareseveralreasonsforthisinterest.First,theenvironmentisfacingmanyseriousproblems.Pollutionisgettingworseinmanycities,andthisaffectsthehealthofpeoplewholivethere.Second,manyanimalspeciesareindangerofdisappearingbecausetheirhabitatsarebeingdestroyed.Forestsarebeingcutdowntooquickly,andthiscausesproblemsfortheanimalsthatliveinthem.Finally,peoplearebecomingmoreawarethattheyneedtoprotecttheenvironmentforthefuture.Therearemanythingsthatindividualscandotohelpprotecttheenvironment.Oneimportantthingistoreducewaste.Wecanusereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbagsandtrynottousethingsthatwedonotneed.Recyclingpaper,plastic,andmetalisalsoveryhelpful.Anotherwaytohelpistosaveenergy.Wecanturnofflightswhenweleavearoomanduseenergy-efficientappliances.Usingpublictransportationorwalkinginsteadofdrivingacarcanalsohelpreducepollution.Protectingtheenvironmentiseveryone'sresponsibility.Ifweworktogether,wecanmakeadifference.Itisimportanttoeducateourselvesandothersaboutenvironmentalproblemsandtotakeactionwheneverpossible.8.Whyaremanypeopleinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment?9.Whatisaseriousproblemmentionedinthepassagethataffectspeople'shealth?10.Whatcanindividualsdotohelpreducewaste?11.Accordingtothepassage,howcanpeoplesaveenergyathome?12.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?四、阅读理解（续）Readthepassagebelowandanswerthequestions.Lastyear,Iparticipatedinacommunityprojecttocleanupalocalpark.Theparkisnotfarfrommyhome,andit'sapopularplaceforpeopletorelaxandplay.However,ithadbecomequitedirtyandmessy.Therewerelitteredbottles,cans,andwrappersallovertheground,andsometreesandbusheswereovergrown.Agroupofvolunteers,includingmyself,organizedtheclean-upday.Wemetattheparkearlyinthemorninganddividedintosmallteams.Myteamwasresponsibleforpickinguplitterfromtheplaygroundareaandthewalkingpaths.Wespentseveralhourscollectingbagsoftrashandputtingthemintodesignatedbins.Itwashardwork,butweallfeltgoodaboutwhatweweredoing.Afterthelittercollection,wemovedontoplantingnewtreesandflowers.Weworkedtogethertodigholes,plantseedlings,andwaterthem.Theparklookedmuchbetterafterwefinished,andthecommunitymembersappreciatedourefforts.Thisexperiencetaughtmetheimportanceofvolunteeringandtakingcareofourpublicspaces.Evensmallactionscanmakeabigdifference.Ihopetoparticipateinmorecommunityprojectsinthefutureandencourageotherstojoinus.13.Wheredidtheauthorparticipateinaclean-upproject?14.Whatproblemsdidthelocalparkhavebeforetheclean-up?15.Howwerethevolunteersorganizedforthetask?16.Whatwastheauthor'steamresponsiblefordoing?17.Whatdidthevolunteersdoafterpickinguplitter?18.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromthisexperience?试卷答案一、词汇辨析1.C*解析：句子的时间状语是"lastsummer"，表示过去某个时间段内正在进行的动作，应使用过去进行时。did是一般过去时，does是一般现在时，是doing是现在进行时，hadbeendoing是过去完成进行时。故选C。2.A*解析：lookafter意为“照顾”，符合句意“照顾父母”。lookfor意为“寻找”；lookat意为“看”；looklike意为“像”。故选A。3.A*解析：主语"Themuseum"是单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。are是动词be的单数现在形式；is是动词be的单数过去式；am是动词be的第一人称单数现在形式；were是动词be的复数或第二人称/过去式形式。此处指博物馆对学生的要求（年龄是18或更小），应用一般现在时，且主语是Themuseum，故用is。但选项中只有are和is，考虑到博物馆作为机构对人的描述，are更常用。此处题干可能略有瑕疵，但根据常见考点，考察的是are的用法。若严格按照单数选is，则无正确选项。按常见考点理解为对学生的描述，选are。（注：此题选项设置存在歧义，理论上is更符合语法，但are在特定语境下描述机构对个体要求也常见，考试中需根据具体语境判断）暂按考察are的普遍性选择。4.D*解析：根据句意"butwewerelateandmissedthebeginning"，表示去看音乐会这个动作发生在过去，并且"werelate"描述的是迟到的状态，也发生在过去，go这个动作发生在miss之前，应用过去进行时表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。went是一般过去时；havegone是现在完成时，表示动作完成且与现在有关；hadgone是过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去某个时间点之前；weregoing是过去进行时。故选D。5.A*解析：Canyou...?是情态动词can引导的疑问句，后面跟动词原形。carry是动词原形；carryed是拼写错误；carries是第三人称单数形式；carried是过去式或过去分词。故选A。6.B*解析：句子的时间状语是"thismorning"，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作，应使用一般过去时。has是现在完成时；had是过去完成时；ishaving是现在进行时；have是现在完成时。故选B。7.A*解析：asksomeonetodosomething是固定结构，意为“要求某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式tosit。sit是动词原形；sit是动词原形；sat是过去式或过去分词；sitting是现在分词或动名词。故选A。8.B*解析：Whataboutdoingsth.?是提出建议的常用句型，意为“做某事怎么样？”。do是动词原形；doing是动名词；did是过去式；todo是不定式。故选B。9.B*解析：句子的时间状语是"sofarthisyear"，表示从过去到现在为止的时间段，强调动作的完成，应使用现在完成时。read是一般过去时；haveread是现在完成时；amreading是现在进行时；wasreading是过去进行时。故选B。10.A*解析：根据句意"Couldyoupleasetellmethewayto...?"，询问的是如何去某个地方，需要用how来引导。where询问地点；when询问时间；why询问原因。故选A。二、阅读理解1.Theydecidedtogohikinginthemountainsneartheircity.*解析：根据文章第一句"agroupoffriendsfrommyclassdecidedtogohikinginthemountainsnearourcity"可知，他们决定去附近的山里远足。2.Theystartedtheirhikeatsunrise.*解析：根据文章第二句"Westartedourhikeatsunrise"可知，他们在日出时开始远足。3.Theysawmanybirdsflyingandsomedeergrazingnearastream.*解析：根据文章第三段"Wesawmanybirdsflyingandsomedeergrazingnearastream"可知，他们看到了飞鸟和在水边吃草的鹿。4.Theyhadlunchunderabigtree.*解析：根据文章第四段"Wespentaboutanhourunderabigtreetohavelunch"可知，他们在一棵大树下吃午餐。5.Theyfelttiredbuthappy.*解析：根据文章第五段最后一句"Weallfelttiredbuthappy"可知，他们感到又累又高兴。6.Thepathwasabitscarybecauseitwasdarkernow,andthepathwasabitscaryinthedimlight.*解析：根据文章第五段"Itwasdarkernow,andthepathwasabitscaryinthedimlight"可知，因为天色已暗，光线昏暗，所以小路有点吓人。7.Theyallagreedtogohikingagainsoon.*解析：根据文章最后一段最后一句"Weallagreedthatwewouldgohikingagainsoon"可知，他们一致同意不久后再去远足。三、阅读理解（续）8.Manypeopleareinterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentbecausetheenvironmentisfacingmanyseriousproblems,suchaspollutionandhabitatdestruction,andpeoplearebecomingmoreawareoftheneedtoprotectitforthefuture.*解析：根据文章第一段第一句"Manypeoplearoundtheworldareinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment.Thereareseveralreasonsforthisinterest."和第一段第二、三句"First,theenvironmentisfacingmanyseriousproblems.Pollutionisgettingworse...Second,manyanimalspeciesareindanger..."以及第一段最后一句"Finally,peoplearebecomingmoreawarethattheyneedtoprotecttheenvironmentforthefuture."可知，人们感兴趣的原因是环境面临严重问题（污染、栖息地破坏），并且人们意识到需要为未来保护环境。9.Pollution.*解析：根据文章第一段第二句"Pollutionisgettingworseinmanycities,andthisaffectsthehealthofpeoplewholivethere"可知，污染影响人们的健康。10.Individualscanreducewastebyusingreusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags,tryingnottousethingstheydonotneed,andrecyclingpaper,plastic,andmetal.*解析：根据文章第二段第一句"Oneimportantthingistoreducewaste.Wecanusereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbagsandtrynottousethingsthatwedonotneed."和第二段第二句"Recyclingpaper,plastic,andmetalisalsoveryhelpful."可知，减少浪费的方法包括使用可重复使用的袋子、不使用不需要的东西、回收纸、塑料和金属。11.Peoplecansaveenergyathomebyturningofflightswhentheyleavearoomandusingenergy-efficientappliances.*解析：根据文章第二段第三句"Wecanturnofflightswhenweleavearoomanduseenergy-efficientappliances."可知，在家节约能源的方法包括离开房间时关灯、使用节能电器。12.Themainideaofthepassageisthatprotectingtheenvironmentiseveryone'sresponsibility,andindividualscantakeactionslikereducingwasteandsavingenergytomakeadifference.*解析：文章第一段提出人们关心环境的原因，第二段介绍了个人可以采取的行动，最后一段总结保护环境是每个人的责任，共同努力可以产生影响。核心思想是保护环境是每个人的责任，个人可以采取行动。四、阅读理解（续）13.Theauthorparticipatedinaclean-upprojectatalocalpark.*解析：根据文章第一段第一句"Lastyear,Iparticipatedinacommunityprojecttocleanupalocalpark."可知，作者去年参与了一个在当地公园进行的社区清洁项目。14.Thelocalparkwasquitedirtyandmessybeforetheclean-up.Therewerelitteredbottles,cans,andwrappersallovertheground,andsometreesandbusheswereovergrown.*解析：根据文章第一段第二句"Theparkisnotfarfrommyhome,andithadbecomequitedirtyandmessy.Therewerelitteredbottles,cans,andwrappersallovertheground,