2026年广东省部编版初中英语下册第12单元语法练习题

2026年广东省部编版初中英语下册第12单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The12thunitofthe2026GuangdongprovincialeditionofthejuniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookfocusesonthegrammaticalstructureof"can/could"forabilityandpermission.Whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesability?A.Shecangototheconcertifherparentsallowher.B.Hecouldnotfinishhishomeworkbecausehewastired.C.Canyouswimacrosstheriver?D.Couldyouhelpmecarrythesebooks?2.Inthegrammarpracticeofthe12thunit,studentslearntouse"must/mustn't"toexpressnecessityandprohibition.Whichsentenceisanexampleofprohibition?A.Youmuststudyhardfortheexam.B.Studentsmustnotusephonesinclass.C.ShemustfinishherprojectbyFriday.D.Youmustarriveontimeforthemeeting.3.The12thunitintroducesthemodalverb"should"togiveadvice.Whichsentenceisatypicaladviceexpression?A.Youshouldcallyourteacherifyouhavequestions.B.Heshouldnotstayuplatetonight.C.Sheshouldgotothelibrarytoborrowbooks.D.Theyshouldnoteatjunkfoodeveryday.4.Thegrammarofthe12thunitincludestheuseof"may/might"toexpresspossibility.Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"might"?A.Itmayraintomorrow,sobringanumbrella.B.Shemightbelateforschoolbecauseoftraffic.C.Hemayforgetyourbirthdayifyoudon’tremindhim.D.Theymightnotpassthetestiftheydon’tstudy.5.The12thunitteachesthestructure"subject+modalverb+baseformofverb"toexpressfuturepossibilities.Whichsentenceisincorrect?A.Itcouldsnownextweekifthetemperaturedrops.B.Shemaywinthecompetitionifshepracticeshard.C.Hemustpasstheexamtograduate.D.Theymightmissthetrainiftheyleavelate.6.Thegrammarpracticeinthe12thunitincludestheuseof"haveto"toexpressnecessity.Whichsentenceisanexampleofnecessity?A.Youhavetowearauniformtoschool.B.ShehastofinishherhomeworkbeforewatchingTV.C.Hehastocallhisparentseveryday.D.Theyhavetogotothesupermarketthisafternoon.7.The12thunitintroducesthestructure"It’s+adj+forsb+todosth"todescribedifficulty.Whichsentenceiscorrect?A.It’seasyformetosolvethismathproblem.B.It’simportantforyoutobehonest.C.It’snecessaryforthemtoarriveearly.D.It’sdifficultforhimtoplaythepiano.8.Thegrammarofthe12thunitincludestheuseof"must"toexpressstrongcertainty.Whichsentenceisanexampleofstrongcertainty?A.Hemustbeathomenow.B.Shemaybelateforschool.C.Theycouldbeontheirwaytotheairport.D.Itmightbesunnytomorrow.9.The12thunitteachestheuseof"should"toexpressexpectations.Whichsentenceisanexampleofexpectation?A.Youshouldapologizeifyoumadeamistake.B.Sheshouldgotothedoctorifshefeelssick.C.Heshouldnoteattoomuchsugar.D.Theyshouldarriveontimeforthemeeting.10.The12thunitincludesthestructure"subject+modalverb+have+pastparticiple"toexpresspastabilityorpermission.Whichsentenceiscorrect?A.Hecouldnotfinishhishomeworkyesterday.B.Shemusthavegonetothelibrary.C.Theymayhavemissedthebus.D.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The12thunitofthe2026GuangdongprovincialeditionofthejuniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookintroducesthemodalverb______toexpressability.Forexample:"She______swimverywell."2.Inthegrammarpractice,studentslearntouse______and______toexpressnecessityandprohibition.Forexample:"You______wearahelmetwhencycling."3.Theunitteachesthemodalverb______togiveadvice.Forexample:"You______studyharderifyouwanttoimproveyourgrades."4.Thestructure"It’s+adj+forsb+todosth"isusedtodescribe______.Forexample:"It’sdifficultforhimtospeakEnglishfluently."5.Themodalverb______isusedtoexpresspossibilityoruncertainty.Forexample:"He______beathomenow."6.Theunitincludestheuseof______toexpressstrongcertainty.Forexample:"She______bethebeststudentintheclass."7.Thestructure"subject+modalverb+have+pastparticiple"isusedtoexpress______.Forexample:"He______finishedhisprojectlastnight."8.Themodalverb______isusedtoexpressexpectations.Forexample:"They______arriveontimeforthemeeting."9.Theunitteachestheuseof______toaskfororgivepermission.Forexample:"______Iuseyourphone?"10.Thestructure"subject+modalverb+baseformofverb"isusedtoexpress______.Forexample:"She______passtheexamifshestudieshard."三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Themodalverb"can"isusedtoexpressabilityandpermission.Forexample:"Youcanborrowmybook."(√)2.Themodalverb"must"isusedtoexpressstrongcertainty.Forexample:"Hemustbelateforschool."(×)3.Themodalverb"should"isusedtogiveadvice.Forexample:"Youshouldgotothedoctorifyoufeelsick."(√)4.Themodalverb"may"isusedtoexpresspossibility.Forexample:"Itmayraintomorrow."(√)5.Thestructure"It’s+adj+forsb+todosth"isusedtodescribedifficulty.Forexample:"It’seasyformetosolvethismathproblem."(√)6.Themodalverb"mustn't"isusedtoexpressprohibition.Forexample:"Youmustn’tsmokeinpublic."(√)7.Themodalverb"might"isusedtoexpressstrongcertainty.Forexample:"Shemightbethebeststudentintheclass."(×)8.Thestructure"subject+modalverb+have+pastparticiple"isusedtoexpresspastabilityorpermission.Forexample:"Hecouldnotfinishhishomeworkyesterday."(√)9.Themodalverb"should"isusedtoexpressexpectations.Forexample:"Theyshouldarriveontimeforthemeeting."(√)10.Themodalverb"may"isusedtoaskfororgivepermission.Forexample:"MayIuseyourphone?"(×)四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"can"and"could"intermsofabilityandpoliteness.2.Howis"must"differentfrom"haveto"inexpressingnecessity?3.Describetheuseof"should"togiveadvice.4.Whyis"may"usedtoexpresspossibility?5.Howdoesthestructure"It’s+adj+forsb+todosth"describedifficulty?6.Whatisthefunctionof"mustn't"inexpressingprohibition?7.Explaintheuseof"might"toexpresspossibility.8.Howisthestructure"subject+modalverb+have+pastparticiple"usedtoexpresspastabilityorpermission?五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"must"toexpressstrongcertainty:"Heisprobablylateforschool."2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"should"togiveadvice:"Youneedtostudymorefortheexam."3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"may"toexpresspossibility:"Shecouldbeathomenow."4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"mustn't"toexpressprohibition:"Youshouldnoteattoomuchsugar."5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"can"toexpressability:"Heisabletoswimverywell."6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"might"toexpresspossibility:"Shecouldbethebeststudentintheclass."7.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"haveto"toexpressnecessity:"YouneedtofinishyourhomeworkbeforewatchingTV."8.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"It’s+adj+forsb+todosth"todescribedifficulty:"HefindsithardtospeakEnglishfluently."【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A."Can"expressesability.B."Couldnot"expressesinability.C."Can"isusedinquestions.D."Could"isusedinpolitequestions.解析：选项A正确表达了能力，符合第12单元关于"can"用于表达能力的知识点。其他选项均不符合该单元的语法规则。2.B."Mustn't"expressesprohibition.A."Must"expressesnecessity.C."Must"expressesnecessity.D."Must"expressesnecessity.解析：选项B正确使用了"mustn't"表达禁止，符合第12单元关于"must/mustn't"用于表达必要性及禁止的知识点。3.A."Should"givesadvice.B."Shouldnot"expressesprohibition.C."Should"givesadvice.D."Shouldnot"expressesprohibition.解析：选项A正确使用了"should"给出建议，符合第12单元关于"should"用于给出建议的知识点。4.B."Might"expressespossibility.A."May"expressespossibility.C."May"expressespossibility.D."Might"expressespossibility.解析：选项B正确使用了"might"表达可能性，符合第12单元关于"may/might"用于表达可能性的知识点。5.C."Must"expressesnecessity.A."Could"expressespossibility.B."May"expressespossibility.D."Might"expressespossibility.解析：选项C错误，"must"表达必要性，不属于第12单元的"modalverb+baseformofverb"结构。其他选项符合该结构。6.A."Haveto"expressesnecessity.B."Hasto"expressesnecessity.C."Hasto"expressesnecessity.D."Haveto"expressesnecessity.解析：选项A正确使用了"haveto"表达必要性，符合第12单元关于"haveto"用于表达必要性的知识点。7.A.Correctstructure.B."Isimportant"isincorrect.C."Isnecessary"isincorrect.D.Correctstructure.解析：选项A和D正确使用了"it’s+adj+forsb+todosth"结构，符合第12单元关于该结构的知识点。8.A."Must"expressesstrongcertainty.B."May"expressespossibility.C."Could"expressespossibility.D."Might"expressespossibility.解析：选项A正确使用了"must"表达强烈确定性，符合第12单元关于"must"用于表达强烈确定性的知识点。9.A."Should"expressesexpectation.B."Should"givesadvice.C."Shouldnot"expressesprohibition.D."Should"expressesexpectation.解析：选项A和D正确使用了"should"表达期望，符合第12单元关于"should"用于表达期望的知识点。10.A.Correctstructure.B."Musthave"expressesassumption.C."Mayhave"expressespossibility.D."Musthave"expressesassumption.解析：选项A正确使用了"couldnot"表达过去inability，符合第12单元关于"modalverb+have+pastparticiple"结构的知识点。二、填空题1.can,canswim解析：第12单元介绍"can"用于表达能力，例句："Shecanswimverywell."2.must,mustn't解析：第12单元介绍"must"和"mustn't"用于表达必要性和禁止，例句："Youmustwearahelmetwhencycling."3.should解析：第12单元介绍"should"用于给出建议，例句："Youshouldstudyharder."4.difficulty解析：第12单元介绍"it’s+adj+forsb+todosth"用于描述困难，例句："It’sdifficultforhimtospeakEnglishfluently."5.may解析：第12单元介绍"may"用于表达可能性，例句："Hemaybeathomenow."6.must解析：第12单元介绍"must"用于表达强烈确定性，例句："Shemustbethebeststudent."7.pastabilityorpermission解析：第12单元介绍"modalverb+have+pastparticiple"用于表达过去能力或许可，例句："Hecouldnotfinishhishomeworkyesterday."8.expectation解析：第12单元介绍"should"用于表达期望，例句："Theyshouldarriveontime."9.Can解析：第12单元介绍"can"用于询问或给予许可，例句："CanIuseyourphone?"10.futurepossibilities解析：第12单元介绍"modalverb+baseformofverb"用于表达未来可能性，例句："Shewillpasstheexamifshestudieshard."三、判断题1.√解析：第12单元介绍"can"用于表达能力和许可，例句："Youcanborrowmybook."正确。2.×解析："Must"表达强烈确定性，而"mustbe"表达猜测，不符合第12单元的严格区分。3.√解析：第12单元介绍"should"用于给出建议，例句："Youshouldgotothedoctor."正确。4.√解析：第12单元介绍"may"用于表达可能性，例句："Itmayraintomorrow."正确。5.√解析：第12单元介绍"it’s+adj+forsb+todosth"用于描述困难，例句："It’seasyforme."正确。6.√解析：第12单元介绍"mustn’t"用于表达禁止，例句："Youmustn’tsmokeinpublic."正确。7.×解析："Might"表达可能性，而"mightbe"表达猜测，不符合第12单元的严格区分。8.√解析：第12单元介绍"modalverb+have+pastparticiple"用于表达过去能力或许可，例句："Hecouldnotfinishhishomeworkyesterday."正确。9.√解析：第12单元介绍"should"用于表达期望，例句："Theyshouldarriveontime."正确。10.×解析："May"用于表达可能性，而"MayIuseyourphone?"是请求许可，应使用"Can"。四、简答题1."Can"isusedtoexpressabilityinthepresent,while"could"isusedtoexpressabilityinthepastortomakepoliterequests.Forexample:"Shecanswim"(presentability)vs."Shecouldswim"(pastability)."Could"isalsomorepolitewhenaskingforpermission.解析：第12单元区分"can"和"could"的用法，"can"用于现在能力，"could"用于过去能力或礼貌请求。2."Must"expressesstrongpersonalnecessityorobligation,while"haveto"expressesnecessitycausedbyexternalfactors.Forexample:"Imustfinishmyhomework"(strongpersonaldecision)vs."Ihavetofinishmyhomework"(externalrequirement).解析：第12单元区分"must"和"haveto"的用法，"must"表达强烈个人必要性，"haveto"表达外部因素导致的必要性。3."Should"isusedtogiveadviceorsuggestions.Forexample:"Youshouldstudyharder"isadvice.解析：第12单元介绍"should"用于给出建议，例句："Youshouldstudyharder."4."May"isusedtoexpresspossibilityoruncertainty.Forexample:"Hemaybelate"suggestsapossibility.解析：第12单元介绍"may"用于表达可能性，例句："Hemaybelate."5.Thestructure"It’s+adj+forsb+todosth"describesdifficultyorsuitability.Forexample:"It’sdifficultforhimtospeakEnglishfluently"describesdifficulty.解析：第12单元介绍该结构用于描述困难或适合性，例句："It’sdifficultforhimtospeakEnglishfluently."6."Mustn’t"isusedtoexpressstrongprohibi