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-2026年甘肃(考研)英语真题带答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)(1)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案:C解析:本题考查将来完成时。句中"Bythetime..."引导的时间状语从句使用一般现在时表将来,主句通常使用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意:当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。故选C。(2)BythetimeyouarriveinLondon,we______inEuropefortwoweeks.()AshallstayBhavestayedCwillhavestayedDhadstayed答案:C解析:本题考查时态。句意:当你到达伦敦时,我们在欧洲将已经待了两周了。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句若使用一般现在时(arrive),主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作或持续的状态。故选C。(3)______hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.()ASinceBUnlessCAsDAlthough答案:D解析:本题考查连词辨析。根据句意,前后分句之间存在转折或让步关系。“虽然”他的技术知识有限,“但是”这位老工人有很多经验。Although意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,符合语境。Since意为“既然/自从”,Unless意为“除非”,As意为“因为/当……时”,均不符合逻辑。故选D。(4)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextFriday.()AbeputoffBwasputoffCputoffDwouldbeputoff答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气。在suggest,order,demand,require,request,command等表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需使用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构,should可以省略。此处meeting与putoff之间是被动关系,故用(should)beputoff。句意:经理建议会议推迟到下周五。故选A。(5)Thenewpolicyhashadasignificant______onthelocaleconomy.()AeffectBaffectCaffectionDeffort答案:A解析:本题考查名词辨析。effect意为“影响、效果”,常与haveaneffecton搭配;affect是动词,意为“影响”;affection意为“喜爱、钟爱”;effort意为“努力”。句意为“新政策对当地经济产生了显著影响”,故选A。(6)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案:C解析:本题考查将来完成时。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时表示将来(arrive),主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意为:“当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。”故选C。(7)Themanager,aswellashisassistants,______toattendthemeetingtomorrow.()AareBwereCisDhavebeen答案:C解析:考查主谓一致。当主语后跟有"aswellas","alongwith","togetherwith","except"等短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由前面的主语决定,即遵循“就远原则”。本句主语是Themanager(单数),且时间状语为tomorrow,故谓语动词应用单数形式is。故选C。(8)Bythetimehearrives,we______ourdinner.()AwillfinishBhavefinishedCwillhavefinishedDfinish答案:C解析:考查将来完成时。句意:当他到达的时候,我们将已经吃完晚饭了。解析:1."Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrives)表示将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。2.A项为一般将来时,强调动作将要发生;B项为现在完成时,强调对现在的影响;D项为一般现在时,不符合语境。3.因此,为C。(9)Thenewpolicywillcomeinto______nextmonth.()AeffectBaffectCeffortDoffer答案:A解析:本题考查固定搭配。comeintoeffect意为“生效,实施”,是固定短语。affect是动词,意为“影响”;effort意为“努力”;offer意为“提供”。根据句意“新政策将于下月生效”,故选A。(10)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是"thesouthfootofthemountain",它与see之间是被动关系(山脚被看),因此应使用过去分词Seen表示被动和完成。如果选Seeing,则暗示山脚自己去看,逻辑不通。故选B。(11)Whichofthefollowingwordshasadifferentmeaningfromtheothers?()AEnormousBHugeCTinyDGigantic答案:C解析:本题考查反义词辨析。Enormous,Huge,Gigantic均表示“巨大的”,而Tiny表示“极小的”,与其他三项意思相反。(12)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextMonday.()ApostponeBpostponedCbepostponedDwouldpostpone答案:C解析:本题考查虚拟语气和被动语态。suggest意为“建议”时,其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气,即"(should)+动词原形"。此外,meeting(会议)与postpone(推迟)之间是被动关系,因此需要使用被动语态"bepostponed"。综合起来,结构为"(should)bepostponed",should省略后即为bepostponed。故选C。(13)Bythetimehearrivesattheairport,theplane______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案:C解析:本题考查时态。句中"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句使用了一般现在时(arrives)表示将来,主句应使用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。结构为"willhave+过去分词"。故选C。(14)Bythetimehearrivedatthestation,thetrain______.()AhasleftBhadleftCleftDwasleaving答案:B解析:本题考查过去完成时。句中"Bythetime..."引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时(arrived),表示“在他到达车站的时候”。主句动作发生在从句动作之前,即“过去的过去”,因此主句应使用过去完成时(had+过去分词)。故选B。(15)Itisessentialthateverystudent______therulesofthelibrary.()AobeysBobeyCwillobeyDobeyed答案:B解析:本题考查虚拟语气。在"Itisessential/necessary/important...that..."句型中,that引导的主语从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气,即"(should)+动词原形",should可以省略。因此选B。(16)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:从塔顶看去,山的南麓是一片树的海洋。逻辑主语是thesouthfootofthemountain,它与see之间是被动关系(山脚被看),因此应使用过去分词Seen作状表被动。A、D项为主动形式,C项表目的或将来,均不符合语境。故选B。(17)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子主语是thesouthfootofthemountain,它与动词see之间是被动关系(山脚被看),因此应使用过去分词Seen表被动和完成。若选Seeing,则暗示主语是人,造成悬垂修饰错误。句意:从塔顶望去,山的南麓是一片树海。故选B。(18)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案:C解析:考查时态。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrive),主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意:当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。故选C。(19)______hehaslimitedknowledgeofthesubject,hehasastrongdesiretolearnmore.()AAsBWhileCSinceDIf答案:B解析:考查连词辨析。句意:“虽然他对这门学科的了解有限,但他有强烈的学习愿望。”A项As意为“因为;当……时”;B项While意为“虽然;尽管”,引导让步状语从句,符合语境;C项Since意为“既然;自从”;D项If意为“如果”。根据前后句的逻辑关系(转折/让步),While最合适。故选B。(20)Itisessentialthateverystudent______therulesoftheexamination.()AobeysBobeyCwillobeyDobeyed答案:B解析:本题考查虚拟语气。句意:每个学生都必须遵守考试规则,这是至关重要的。在"Itisessential/necessary/important/vital+that..."句型中,that引导的主语从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气,即"(should)+动词原形",其中should可以省略。因此这里应填动词原形obey。故选B。(21)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleaves答案:C解析:本题考查时态。句意:当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrive)表示将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。因此选C。(22)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为分词短语作状语,其逻辑主语应与主句主语一致。主句主语是'thesouthfootofthemountain'(山的南麓),它与see(看)之间是被动关系,即山是被看的对象,因此应使用过去分词Seen表示被动和完成。句意:从塔顶看去,山的南麓是一片树的海洋。故选B。(23)Themanagerdemandedthatthereport______tohimbyFriday.()AbesentBwassentCwouldbesentDsent答案:A解析:本题考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气以及被动语态。1.虚拟语气规则:在表示命令、建议、要求、请求等动词(如demand,suggest,order,require,insist等)后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用"(should)+动词原形",should可省略。2.语态判断:从句主语"thereport"(报告)与动词send(发送)之间是被动关系,报告是被发送的,因此需要使用被动语态。3.综合结构:结合虚拟语气和被动语态,结构应为"(should)be+过去分词"。省略should后,即为"besent"。4.选项排除:-B项wassent是陈述语气过去时,错误;-C项wouldbesent是过去将来时,错误;-D项sent是过去式或过去分词,缺乏助动词,无法构成完整的被动或虚拟结构。故为A。(24)Hisexplanationwasso____thatnoonecouldunderstandit.()AclearBvagueCobviousDprecise答案:B解析:本题考查形容词辨析及上下文逻辑。句意为“他的解释如此____,以至于没人能听懂”。后半句“没人能听懂”说明解释是不清楚的。选项A"clear"(清楚的)、C"obvious"(明显的)、D"precise"(精确的)都是褒义或表示清晰,与语境矛盾。选项B"vague"意为“模糊的”,符合语境。(25)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案:C解析:考查时态。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrive),主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意:当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。故选C。PartIIGap-filling(14points)(1)Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter.答案:arguing解析:考查非谓语动词。'Itisnousedoingsth.'是固定句型,意为“做某事是没有用的”。此处应用动名词形式arguing作真正的主语。(2)Theteachertoldusthatthesun______(rise)intheeast.答案:rises解析:考查宾语从句中的时态。虽然主句谓语动词told是过去式,但从句内容“太阳从东方升起”是客观真理,因此必须使用一般现在时。主语thesun是第三人称单数,故填rises。(3)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(put)offuntilnextFriday.答案:(should)beput解析:本题考查虚拟语气。在`suggest`(建议)、`order`(命令)、`demand`(要求)等动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用虚拟语气,结构为`(should)+动词原形`。此外,`meeting`(会议)与`putoff`(推迟)之间是被动关系,因此需要使用被动语态`beputoff`。答案:(should)beput(4)Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter.答案:arguing解析:考查固定句型。Itisnousedoingsth.意为“做某事是没有用的”。类似的结构还有Itisnogooddoingsth.。因此这里需要填入argue的动名词形式arguing。(5)HardlyhadIarrivedatthestation______thetrainstarted.答案:when解析:考查倒装句与固定搭配。Hardly...when...意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时,句子需部分倒装,后半句由when引导。(6)Bythetimehegetshome,hiswife______(leave)forwork.答案:willhaveleft解析:考查将来完成时。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用一般现在时表将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。故填willhaveleft。(7)Bythetimeyougettothestation,thetrain______(leave).答案:willhaveleft解析:考查时态。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用一般现在时表将来,主句通常使用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。结构为willhave+过去分词。故填willhaveleft。(8)Iwouldappreciate______ifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell.答案:it解析:考查代词用法。在appreciate,hate,like,love,prefer等动词后,如果后面接if或when引导的从句,通常需要在动词后加形式宾语it,构成appreciateitif/when...结构。故填it。(9)IfI______(know)histelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledhimyesterday.答案:hadknown解析:考查虚拟语气。根据主句中的wouldhavecalled可知,这是对过去情况的虚拟。在if引导的条件状语从句中,对过去情况虚拟时,谓语动词应用过去完成时(had+过去分词)。(10)Theheavyrainpreventedusfrom______(go)outforapicnic.答案:going解析:考查固定搭配。preventsb.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”,介词from后接动词的-ing形式,故填going。(11)Thepriceofthehouseistoohighformeto____.(afford)答案:afford解析:本题考查动词词义。afford意为“买得起,负担得起”。too...to...结构中,to后接动词原形。句意:这房子的价格太高了,我买不起。(12)Bythetimeyougettothestation,thetrain______(leave).答案:willhaveleft解析:考查时态。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用一般现在时表将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。故填willhaveleft。(13)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(put)offuntilnextFriday.答案:(should)beput解析:考查虚拟语气。在suggest,advise,order,demand等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构。meeting与putoff之间是被动关系,故填(should)beput。(14)Bythetimeyougettotheairport,theplane______(take)off.答案:willhavetaken解析:考查时态。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若使用一般现在时表将来,主句通常使用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。结构为willhave+过去分词。故填willhavetaken。PartIIICloze(30points)(1)TheInternethaschangedthewayweliveandwork.Inthepast,peoplehadtogotolibrariestofindinformation.Now,withjustafewclicks,wecanaccessavastamountofdataonline.Thisconveniencehasmadelearningmucheasier.However,italsobringschallenges.Onemajorissueisthereliabilityofinformation.NoteverythingontheInternetistrue.Therefore,usersmustbecarefulandverifythesources.Anotherproblemisprivacy.Manywebsitescollectpersonaldatawithoutpermission.Toprotectthemselves,peopleshouldusestrongpasswordsandavoidsharingsensitiveinformation.Despitetheserisks,thebenefitsoftheInternetareundeniable.Itconnectspeopleacrosstheglobeandfacilitatescommunication.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,wemustlearntouseitwiselyandresponsibly.1______,theInternethastransformedourdailylives.A.GenerallyB.SpecificallyC.ObviouslyD.FortunatelyInthepast,findinginformationrequiredvisiting2______.A.schoolsB.librariesC.officesD.hospitalsNow,wecangetdataonlinewithjustafew3______.A.stepsB.clicksC.touchesD.movesOnemajorchallengeisthe4______ofinformation.A.quantityB.speedC.reliabilityD.costToprotectprivacy,peopleshouldusestrong5______.A.keysB.codesC.passwordsD.locks答案:1.C2.B3.B4.C5.C解析:1.C.Obviously。根据上下文,互联网改变了我们的生活和工作方式,这是一个显而易见的事实,故选Obviously(显然地)。Generally(通常地)、Specifically(具体地)、Fortunately(幸运地)均不符合语境。2.B.libraries。文章提到“Inthepast,peoplehadtogotolibrariestofindinformation”,故此处应填libraries。3.B.clicks。固定搭配“withafewclicks”意为“点击几下鼠标”,符合上网获取信息的语境。4.C.reliability。后文提到“NoteverythingontheInternetistrue”(并非网上所有信息都是真实的),因此这里指的是信息的“可靠性”(reability)问题。5.C.passwords。保护隐私和账户安全的常用方法是使用强“密码”(passwords)。(2)Volunteeringisawonderfulwaytogivebacktothecommunity.Itallowsindividualstomakeapositiveimpactonthelivesofothers.Whetheritishelpingatalocalshelter,cleaningupparks,ortutoringchildren,everyactofkindnessmatters.Volunteeringnotonlybenefitsthosewhoreceivehelpbutalsoenrichesthelivesofthevolunteersthemselves.Itprovidesanopportunitytodevelopnewskillsandmeetlike-mindedpeople.Manyvolunteersreportfeelingasenseof1______andpurposeafterparticipatingincommunityservice.Moreover,itcanboostself-confidenceandreducestress.Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,takingtimetohelpotherscanbearefreshingbreakfromdailyroutines.Employersalsovaluevolunteerexperienceasitdemonstratescompassionandteamwork.Therefore,ifyouarelookingforameaningfulwaytospendyourfreetime,consider2______alocalorganization.Youwilllikelyfindthatthejoyofgivingisfargreaterthantheeffort3______.答案:1.fulfillment2.joining3.required解析:1.fulfillment:asenseoffulfillment意为“满足感/成就感”,常与purpose(目标感)连用,描述志愿服务带来的心理回报。2.joining:considerdoingsth.是固定用法,意为“考虑做某事”。joinalocalorganization意为“加入当地的一个组织”,符合语境。3.required:theeffortrequired意为“所需的努力”。此处为过去分词作后置定语,修饰effort,表示付出的努力。句意:给予的快乐远大于所需的努力。(3)Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The1______isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof2______becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe3______athrowawaysociety?Firstofall,itisnoweasierto4______anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.5______modernmanufacturingandtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland6______.Anothercauseisour7______ofdisposableproducts.As8______people,wearealwayslookingfor9______tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies10______thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso11______totheproblem.Weare12______buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat13______isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe14______usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe15______ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.答案:1.reason2.rubbish3.become4.replace5.Thanksto6.cheap7.love8.busy9.ways10.produce11.contributes12.addictedto13.newer14.throwaway15.consequences解析:文章探讨了“一次性社会”形成的原因及其带来的垃圾成山的环境问题。1.reason:后文解释了原因,Thereasonisthat...2.rubbish:垃圾山,mountainsofrubbish。3.become:我们是如何变成(become)一个一次性社会的?4.replace:替换。扔掉旧的买新的比修理更容易,即replaceanobject。5.Thanksto:多亏了,由于。由于现代制造业的发展。6.cheap:产品丰富且便宜(cheap),与前文inexpensively呼应。7.love:对一次性产品的喜爱,loveof...8.busy:忙碌的人们,总是寻找节省时间的方法。9.ways:waystodosth.,做某事的方法。10.produce:生产。公司生产各种一次性产品。11.contributes:contributeto导致,有助于。对新产品的渴望也导致了这个问题。12.addictedto:沉迷于,习惯于。我们沉迷于买新东西。13.newer:比较级。广告让我们觉得更新的东西更好。14.throwaway:扔掉。为了腾地方,我们扔掉有用的东西。15.consequences:后果。我们可以看到这种生活方式的后果。(4)Environmentalprotectionhasbecomeaglobalconcern.Withthedevelopmentofindustry,airpollutionandwaterpollutionhavebecomemoreserious.Manygovernmentsaretakingmeasurestoreduceemissionsandprotectnaturalresources.Individualscanalsocontributetoenvironmentalprotectionbyadoptingagreenlifestyle.Forinstance,wecanusepublictransportationinsteadofdrivingprivatecarstoreducecarbondioxideemissions.Recyclingwastematerialsisanothereffectivewaytosaveenergy.Furthermore,plantingtreeshelpstocleantheairandpreventsoilerosion.Everyoneplaysaroleinprotectingourplanet.Environmentalprotectionhasbecomeaglobal1______.Withthedevelopmentofindustry,airpollutionandwaterpollutionhavebecomemore2______.Manygovernmentsaretakingmeasurestoreduceemissionsandprotectnatural3______.Individualscanalsocontributetoenvironmentalprotectionbyadoptingagreenlifestyle.Forinstance,wecanusepublictransportationinsteadofdrivingprivatecarstoreducecarbondioxide4______.Recyclingwastematerialsisanothereffectivewaytosave5______.答案:1.concern2.serious3.resources4.emissions5.energy解析:1.concern:句意为“环境保护已成为全球关注的问题”。globalconcern是常见搭配,意为“全球关注点/担忧”。2.serious:句意为“空气污染和水污染变得更加严重”。becomeserious是常用表达,形容污染程度加剧。3.resources:protectnaturalresources(保护自然资源)是环保话题中的核心词汇,符合政府采取措施的目的。4.emissions:reducecarbondioxideemissions(减少二氧化碳排放)是固定搭配,也是使用公共交通的主要目的。5.energy:句意为“回收废物是节约能源的另一种有效方法”。saveenergy(节约能源)符合回收废物的环保意义。(5)Learninganewlanguageisachallengingbutrewardingexperience.Manystudentsstartbymemorizingvocabularylists.Whilethisishelpful,itisnotenough.Totrulymasteralanguage,onemustpractice1______itinrealsituations.Listeningtonativespeakersisalsocrucial.Ithelpslearnersunderstandthenatural2______andrhythmofthelanguage.Don'tbeafraidtomakemistakes.Errorsareanaturalpartofthelearning3______.Infact,makingmistakeshelpsyourememberthecorrectformsbetter.Anothereffectivemethodistoimmerseyourselfintheculture.Watchmovies,readbooks,andtrytothinkinthetargetlanguage.With4______andpatience,anyonecanbecomefluent.Remember,consistencyismoreimportantthan5______.答案:1.using2.intonation3.process4.practice5.intensity解析:1.using:句意为“必须在真实情境中练习使用它”。practicedoingsth.为固定搭配。2.intonation:句意为“理解自然的语调和节奏”。intonation(语调)与rhythm(节奏)并列。3.process:句意为“错误是学习过程的自然部分”。learningprocess为常用搭配。4.practice:句意为“通过练习和耐心”。practice与patience并列,符合语境。5.intensity:句意为“持续性比强度更重要”。consistency(持续性)与intensity(强度/突击性)形成对比。(6)Manyyearsago,whenIwasworkingasavolunteeratahospital,IgottoknowalittlegirlnamedLisa.Shewassufferingfromaseriousdiseaseandneededabloodtransfusionfromherfive-year-oldbrother,whohadmiraculouslysurvivedthesamedisease.Thedoctorexplainedthesituationtothelittleboyandaskedhimifhewouldbewillingtogivehis1______tohissister.Theboyhesitatedforonlyamomentbeforetakingadeepbreathandsaying,"Yes,I'lldoitifitwillsaveLisa."Asthetransfusionprogressed,helayinbednexttohissisterandsmiled,seeingthecolorreturningtohercheeks.Thenhisfacegrewpaleandhissmilefaded.Helookedupatthedoctorandaskedwithatremblingvoice,"WillIstarttodierightaway?"Beingyoung,theboyhadmisunderstoodthedoctor;hethoughthehadtogiveherallhisbloodtosaveher.Buthewaswillingtomakethat2______.Whenthedoctorrealizedtheboy'smisunderstanding,heassuredhimthathewouldnotdie,thathewouldloseverylittleblood.Theboy'seyeslitup,andheasked,"ThenhowsooncanIgetup?Iwanttohelpmysister3______!"Hislovewaspureandselfless,expectingnothinginreturn.答案:1.blood2.sacrifice3.recover解析:本文讲述了一个小男孩为了救生病的妹妹,误以为需要献出全部血液甚至牺牲生命,但依然毫不犹豫同意输血的故事。1.blood:根据上下文,妹妹需要的是输血(bloodtransfusion),所以男孩被问是否愿意捐献他的“血液”。2.sacrifice:男孩以为要献出所有血液会死,但他仍然愿意做这个“牺牲”。makeasacrifice是固定搭配,意为“做出牺牲”。3.recover:男孩得知自己不会死后,急切地想下床帮助妹妹“康复”。helpsb.recover意为“帮助某人恢复健康”。PartIVErrorCorrection(20points)(1)DearTom,Howareyou?IamwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusforatripnextSunday.Weplantogohikinginthemountain.Thescenerythereisbeautifulandtheairisfreshly.Wewillmeetattheschoolgateat8:00am.Pleasebringsomewaterandsnackswithyou.Hopetoseeyousoon.答案:1.mountain->mountains;2.freshly->fresh解析:1.名词单复数:gohikinginthemountains是常用搭配,泛指山区,通常用复数mountains。2.词性错误:is是系动词,后接形容词作表语。freshly是副词,应改为形容词fresh。(2)Lastweekend,wewentcampingintheforest.Theweatherwassunnyandwarm.Wesetupourtentsnearariver.Atnight,wesataroundthefireandsangsong.Itwassuchawonderfultimethatwedidn'twanttoleave.Nexttime,wewilldefinitelygoagain.答案:1.song->songs解析:本题考查名词单复数。Singsongs是常用搭配,表示唱多首歌,或者泛指唱歌活动,通常用复数形式songs。虽然singasong也可以,但在描述露营活动大家围坐唱歌的场景下,songs更为自然且符合语境习惯(或者理解为不止唱了一首)。(3)下面短文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastsummer,Igotothecountrysidewithmyparents.Theairtherewasfreshandthescenerywasbeautiful.Westayedinasmallhotelwhereownerwasveryfriendly.Everymorning,wegetupearlytowatchthesunrise.ItwassuchawonderfulexperiencethatIwillneverforgetit.Onthethirdday,wedecidedtoclimbamountainnearby.Althoughitwastired,wefelthappywhenwereachedthetop.Fromthetop,wecouldseethewholevillagebelow.Wetookmanyphototorememberthistrip.Beforeweleft,theownergaveussomelocalfruitsasgift.Ireallyhopetovisitthereagain.答案:go->went,where->whose,get->got,tired->tiring,photo->photos,gift->gifts,visitthere->visitit/remove'there'解析:1.go->went:时间状语是Lastsummer,句子应用一般过去时。2.where->whose:此处引导定语从句修饰hotel,且与owner构成所属关系(旅馆的主人),故用whose。3.get->got:全文叙述过去的事情,时态应保持一致,用一般过去时。4.tired->tiring:主语it指代爬山这件事,物作主语通常用-ing形式形容词表示“令人……的”;tired通常形容人感到疲倦。5.photo->photos:many后接可数名词复数。6.gift->gifts:some后接可数名词复数,或者不可数名词。gift是可数名词,故用复数。7.visitthere->visitit或去掉there:visit是及物动词,后面直接接宾语。there是副词,不能作visit的宾语。如果保留there,需改为visitit(指代那个地方);或者直接用visitthere是错误的搭配,通常说gothere或visittheplace。在改错题中,常见的改法是将visitthere改为visitit,或者如果原意是去那里,可以将visit改为go。但根据语境“希望再次访问那里”,visit是及物动词,需接名词性宾语。另一种常见的考点是visit后不接介词或副词,若保留visit,则需将there改为it或theplace。若仅改一处,通常考察visit的及物性,故去掉there并补充宾语it,或者将visit改为go。但在标准改错中,往往考察`visit+地点名词`,而`there`是副词。更地道的改法可能是:`visitthere`改为`gothere`或者`visittheplace`。考虑到每处限一词,`visitthere`改为`gothere`(改动词)或`visitit`(改代词)均可。此处参考答案给出两种可能。注:有些版本认为visit后直接加地点副词there是口语错误,正式语法中visit需接名词。(4)Lastsummer,IgotoBeijingwithmyparents.WevisitedtheGreatWallandtookmanyphotos.Theweatherwashot,butwehadagreattime.答案:go->went解析:时态错误。解析:根据时间状语"Lastsummer"(去年夏天)可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,应使用一般过去时。动词"go"的过去式是"went"。改正:将go改为went。(5)Theweatherinsummerisveryhot.Manypeopleprefertogoswimintheriver.Itisagoodwaytocooldown.答案:swim->swimming解析:本题考查固定搭配。goswimming是固定短语,意为“去游泳”,类似的还有goshopping,gofishing等。故swim改为swimming。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1ThehistoryoftheInternetdatesbacktothelate1960swiththecreationofARPANET,aprojectfundedbytheUSDepartmentofDefense.Itsinitialpurposewastoallowresearcherstoshareinformationandensurecommunicationevenifpartsofthenetworkweredestroyed.Inthe1980s,thedevelopmentofTCP/IPprotocolsalloweddifferentnetworkstoconnect,formingthe'networkofnetworks'weknowtoday.TheinventionoftheWorldWideWebbyTimBerners-Leein1989revolutionizedtheInternetbyintroducinghypertextlinks,makingituser-friendlyandaccessibletothegeneralpublic.Sincethen,theInternethasgrownexponentially,influencingalmosteveryaspectofmodernlife,fromcommerceandeducationtosocialinteraction.Whileithasbroughtunprecedentedconnectivity,ithasalsoraisedissuesconcerningcybersecurity,misinformation,anddigitaldivide.(1-1)WhatwastheoriginalpurposeofARPANET?()AToprovideentertainmentforsoldiers.BToshareresearchinformationandensurerobustcommunication.CTosellcommercialproductsonline.DToreplacetraditionalpostalservices.(1-2)WhoiscreditedwithinventingtheWorldWideWeb?()AAlGoreBBillGatesCTimBerners-LeeDSteveJobs(1-3)Whattechnologicaldevelopmentinthe1980salloweddifferentnetworkstoconnect?()ATheinventionofthesmartphone.BThedevelopmentofTCP/IPprotocols.CThecreationoffiberopticcables.DThelaunchofsocialmediaplatforms.(1-4)WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanegativeissuerelatedtotheInternet?()ACybersecuritythreats.BSpreadofmisinformation.CHighcostofcomputerhardware.DDigitaldivide.(1-5)Whatdoesthephrase'digitaldivide'refertointhiscontext?()AThegapbetweenthosewhohaveaccesstotechnologyandthosewhodonot.BThedifferenceinspeedbetweenoldandnewcomputers.CThedivisionoftheInternetintodifferentcountries.DTheseparationofworkandpersonallifeonline.答案:1-1.B1-2.C1-3.B1-4.C1-5.A解析:1.细节理解题。文章第二段提到"Itsinitialpurposewastoallowresearcherstoshareinformationandensurecommunication...",故选B。2.细节理解题。文中明确说明"TheinventionoftheWorldWideWebbyTimBerners-Leein1989...",故选C。3.细节理解题。文章提到"Inthe1980s,thedevelopmentofTCP/IPprotocolsalloweddifferentnetworkstoconnect",故选B。4.细节理解题(排除法)。文章最后列举的负面问题有"cybersecurity,misinformation,anddigitaldivide",未提及硬件成本(Highcostofcomputerhardware),故选C。5.词义/概念理解题。Digitaldivide(数字鸿沟)通常指拥有信息技术访问权的人群与没有该权利的人群之间的差距,符合A选项描述。Passage2Learningasecondlanguageoffersnumerouscognitiveandsocialbenefits.Researchsuggeststhatbilingualindividualsoftenhavebettermemory,problem-solvingskills,andcriticalthinkingabilitiescomparedtomonolinguals.Theprocessofswitchingbetweenlanguagesexercisesthebrain,enhancingmentalflexibilityanddelayingtheonsetofage-relatedcognitivedecline.Socially,knowingasecondlanguageopensdoorstonewculturesandcommunities.Itallowsindividualstocommunicatewithawiderrangeofpeople,fosteringempathyandunderstandingacrossculturalboundaries.Intheglobalizedjobmarket,bilingualismisahighlyvaluedskillthatcanleadtobettercareeropportunitiesandhighersalaries.However,learninganewlanguagerequiresdedicationandconsistentpractice.Manyadultsfinditchallengingtoachievefluencyduetobusyschedulesandthefearofmakingmistakes.Despitetheseobstacles,therewardsarewellworththeeffort.Withtheavailabilityofonlineresources,languageapps,andimmersionprograms,ithasneverbeenmoreaccessibletostartthisjourney.Whetherforpersonalgrowthorprofessionaladvancement,acquiringasecondlanguageisaninvestmentthatpayslifelongdividends.(2-1)Whatcognitivebenefitofbilingualismismentionedinthetext?()AImprovedphysicalstrengthBBettermemoryandproblem-solvingskillsCEnhancedvisionDFasterreadingspeedinthenativelanguage(2-2)Howdoeslearningasecondlanguageaffectsocialinteractions?()AItmakespeoplepreferstayingathome.BItlimitscommunicationtolocalcommunities.CItfostersempathyandunderstandingacrosscultures.DItcreatesbarriersbetweendifferentgroups.(2-3)Whyisbilingualismvaluableinthejobmarket?()AItisarequirementforalljobs.BItleadstobettercareeropportunitiesandhighersalaries.CItreducestheworkloadforemployees.DItallowsemployeestoworkfewerhours.(2-4)Whatisacommonchallengeforadultslearninganewlanguage?()ALackofinterestin

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