2026年初中英语第3册第12单元语法练习题

2026年初中英语第3册第12单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.Mybrotherwasplayingfootballwhentherainstartedtofallyesterday.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat8o'clockthismorning.D.Wewillgotothecinemaifitdoesn'traintomorrownight.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"because"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项B正确使用了过去进行时（wasplaying）描述过去持续的动作；选项C中"since"连接的从句需用一般过去时，但主句"havefinished"为现在完成时，时态矛盾；选项D中"doesn'train"为一般现在时，但主句"willgo"为一般将来时，时态搭配不当。2.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichbelongtomysister.B.Iboughtsomecoffeeandtwoteaforbreakfastyesterday.C.Hegoestoschoolbybuseverydayexceptweekend.D.ThewomanwithredhairismyEnglishteacher.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"which"前需加定冠词"the"（特指妹妹的书）；选项B正确，"some"用于不可数名词"coffee"，"two"用于可数名词复数"tea"；选项C中"except"后需加不定冠词"a"（aweekend）；选项D中"withredhair"为后置定语，无需冠词。3.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatthestationon8o'clockyesterdaymorning.B.Thecatissleepingunderthetablesince5o'clock.C.Heisinterestedinplaytheguitarbuthedoesn'tlikesing.D.Theywenttotheparkbyfootyesterdayafternoon.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"on"应为"at"（at8o'clock）；选项B正确，"since"后用一般过去时（5o'clock）；选项C中"play"前需加不定冠词"a"（playaguitar），"sing"前需加动词原形（doesn'tliketosing）；选项D中"byfoot"应为"onfoot"。4.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.IsawaboywhoisrunningacrosstheroadwhenIwaswalkinghome.B.Thebookwhichshewrotelastyearisveryinteresting.C.Hedecidedtostudyhardersothathecanpasstheexam.D.Mysisterhasfinishedtocleanthehousealready.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"running"应为现在分词作定语（aboywhoisrunning）；选项B正确，"wrote"为过去分词作定语（特指她写的书）；选项C中"sothat"后需用一般现在时（canpass）；选项D中"hasfinished"后需用动名词（hasfinishedcleaning）。5.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.ThisisthesamepenasminewhichmyfathergavemelastChristmas.B.SheaskedmewheremybrotherwentandIdon'tknowittoo.C.EverystudentinourclasshasabookbutTomdon'thaveone.D.TheteachertoldusthatshewouldgiveusatestnextMonday.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"as"应为"like"（samepenlikemine）；选项B中"it"指代"wheremybrotherwent"不恰当，应改为"wherehewent"；选项C中"don't"应为"doesn't"（Tomdoesn'thave）；选项D正确，"she"指代"theteacher"，时态和主谓一致均正确。6.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项。A.TheyhavebeentoLondontwicewhentheywerechildren.B.Mymotherwillcallmeassoonasshefinishcookingdinner.C.Themoviehadstartedbeforetheyarrivedatthecinema.D.IhaveseenthatmoviethreetimesbutIstillwanttowatchitagain.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"when"连接的从句需用一般过去时（werechildren）；选项B中"finish"应为"finishes"（一般现在时）；选项C正确，"hadstarted"（过去完成时）表示动作先于"arrived"（一般过去时）；选项D中"haveseen"（现在完成时）与"stillwanttowatch"时态矛盾。7.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中形容词比较级使用正确的一项。A.ThisexerciseismoredifficultthanthatonesoIthinkitisthemostdifficult.B.Sheistallerthanherbrotherbutsheisn'tthetallestinherfamily.C.Hiscarismoreexpensivethanmineanditisthebetterone.D.Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatonebutitisn'tthemostinterestingbookinthelibrary.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"mostdifficult"重复比较级概念，应改为"themostdifficultone"；选项B中"thetallest"前需加定冠词"the"；选项C中"better"应为最高级"thebest"；选项D正确，"themostinterestingbook"符合语法规则。8.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中连词使用正确的一项。A.Heissmartandheishardworkingsohealwaysgetsgoodgrades.B.Shecanplaythepianoorshecanplaytheguitarbutshedoesn'tlikeanyofthem.C.Althoughitwasrainingheavilytheydecidedtogoforawalk.D.IfIhaveenoughmoneyIwillbuyacarbutIdon'thaveenoughmoneynow.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"so"连接的从句时态矛盾（"issmart"和"gets"）；选项B中"or"表示选择，但后半句"shedoesn'tlike"否定全部，逻辑错误；选项C正确，"Although"引导让步状语从句；选项D中"If"引导条件状语从句时，主句需用一般现在时（havemoney），但实际用一般将来时（willbuy），时态错误。9.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项。A.Sheisinterestedintoplaybasketballbutsheisnotgoodatit.B.Heisgoodattoswimandhehasbeentotheswimmingpoolmanytimes.C.Mysisterisafraidoftoflysoshedoesn'twanttotravelbyplane.D.Theydecidedtogotothebeachbecauseitisasunnyday.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"interestedin"后需用动名词（playbasketball）；选项B中"goodat"后需用动名词（swim）；选项C中"afraidof"后需用动名词（fly）；选项D正确，"asunnyday"符合固定搭配。10.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中宾语从句使用正确的一项。A.MyteacheraskedmeifIhavefinishedmyhomeworklastnight.B.Shesaidthatshewenttothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexam.C.Hetoldmethathewillcallmewhenhefinishthework.D.MymotheraskedmewhereIwasgoingtospendmyholiday.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"havefinished"应为一般过去时（finished）；选项B中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时）；选项C中"finish"应为"finishes"（一般现在时）；选项D正确，"where"引导宾语从句，时态和语序均正确。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mybrother______(go)tothegymeverymorningbeforehe______(start)work.参考答案：goes,starts解析：第一空为一般现在时（everymorning），第二空为一般现在时（beforestart），表示习惯性动作。2.She______(notfinish)herprojectyet,butshe______(try)herbesttocompleteitsoon.参考答案：hasn'tfinished,istrying解析：第一空为现在完成时（yet），第二空为现在进行时（trybest），表示正在进行的动作。3.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(cancel)thepicnic.参考答案：rains,willcancel解析：条件状语从句用一般现在时（rains），主句用一般将来时（willcancel）。4.Theboywho______(play)footballintheparkismyneighbor.参考答案：isplaying解析：现在分词作定语（特指正在踢足球的男孩）。5.Mysisterisinterestedin______(learn)howtocookItalianfood.参考答案：learning解析：固定搭配"interestedin"后用动名词（learn）。6.Hedecidedto______(study)hardersothathe______(pass)theexam.参考答案：study,couldpass解析：目的状语从句用一般过去时（study），"sothat"后用过去将来时（couldpass）。7.Althoughtheweather______(be)terrible,they______(notgive)uptheirplans.参考答案：is,didn'tgive解析：让步状语从句用一般现在时（be），主句用一般过去时（didn'tgive）。8.Thebookwhichshe______(write)lastyear______(be)verypopular.参考答案：wrote,was解析：定语从句用过去时（write），主句用过去时（was）。9.IfI______(have)enoughmoneynextyear,I______(travel)toJapan.参考答案：have,willtravel解析：条件状语从句用一般现在时（have），主句用一般将来时（willtravel）。10.Mybrotherisgoodat______(play)theguitarandhehasbeenpracticing______(improve)hisskills.参考答案：playing,toimprove解析："goodat"后用动名词（play），"practicing"后用不定式（toimprove）。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ShehasbeentoParistwicewhenshewasachild.（×）解析：时态错误，"when"连接的从句需用一般过去时（wasachild）。2.Themoviewhichwewatchedlastnightwasveryboring.（√）解析：定语从句正确，"watched"为过去分词作定语（特指我们看的那部电影）。3.Heistallerthanhisbrotherbutheisn'tthetallestinhisfamily.（√）解析：比较级和最高级使用正确，"thetallest"前加定冠词。4.Althoughitwasraining,theywentforawalk.（√）解析：让步状语从句时态正确（wasraining），主句时态正确（went）。5.Mysisterisafraidofflysoshedoesn'twanttotravelbyplane.（×）解析：固定搭配错误，"afraidof"后需用动名词（fly）。6.IfIhaveenoughmoney,Iwillbuyacar.（√）解析：条件状语从句时态正确（have），主句时态正确（willbuy）。7.Shesaidthatshewenttothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudy.（×）解析：宾语从句时态错误，"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时）。8.Theboywhoisplayingfootballismyneighbor.（√）解析：现在分词作定语正确（特指正在踢足球的男孩）。9.MybrotherhasfinishedhishomeworksohecanwatchTVnow.（√）解析：时态和逻辑关系正确，"hasfinished"（现在完成时）和"canwatch"（一般现在时）符合因果关系。10.Thebookwhichshewrotelastyearisveryinteresting.（×）解析：定语从句时态错误，"wrote"应为过去时（shewrote）。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.解释第12单元中"since"和"for"在表示时间时的区别。解析：-"since"表示动作或状态从过去某个时间点开始一直持续到现在，后接一般过去时或一般现在时（e.g.,"Ihavelivedheresince2010."）；-"for"表示动作或状态持续了一段时间，后接一段时间（e.g.,"Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears."）。2.说明第12单元中"too...to..."结构的用法。解析：-该结构表示"太...以至于不能..."，前为形容词或副词，后为动词原形（e.g.,"Itistoohottoplayoutside."）；-常用于否定意义，强调程度过高导致无法完成某事。3.解释第12单元中"so...that..."结构的用法。解析：-该结构表示"如此...以至于..."，前为形容词或副词，后为从句（e.g.,"Sheissotallthatshecanreachtheshelf."）；-用于强调因果关系，前半部分说明程度，后半部分说明结果。4.说明第12单元中"evenif"和"eventhough"的用法区别。解析：-两者均表示"即使"，无语法区别，但"eventhough"更正式（e.g.,"Evenifitrains,wewillgo."vs."Eventhoughitrains,wewillgo."）；-均引导让步状语从句，主句和从句时态需一致。5.解释第12单元中"begoingto"和"will"在表示将来时的区别。解析：-"begoingto"常用于计划或意图（e.g.,"Iamgoingtovisitmyparentsnextweek."）；-"will"常用于预测或意外（e.g.,"Itwillraintomorrow."）；-两者在口语中常可互换，但侧重点不同。6.说明第12单元中"assoonas"的用法。解析：-该结构表示"一...就..."，后接一般过去时（主句用一般过去时或一般将来时）（e.g.,"AssoonasIfinishmyhomework,IwillwatchTV."）；-用于强调时间上的紧密衔接。7.解释第12单元中"sothat"的用法。解析：-该结构表示"为了..."或"以便..."，后接从句（e.g.,"Hestudiedhardsothathecouldpasstheexam."）；-从句需用一般现在时或情态动词+动词原形。8.说明第12单元中"which"和"that"在定语从句中的区别。解析：-"which"用于指物（e.g.,"Thebookwhichshewroteisinteresting."）；-"that"可指物也可指人（e.g.,"ThegirlthatIsawismysister."）；-在口语中"which"和"that"常可互换，但正式写作中需区分。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Myfriend______(live)inLondonsince2015.Lastweek,he______(visit)hisparentsinManchester.He______(notsee)themforayear,sohe______(be)veryhappytoseethem.Hisparents______(give)himalotofpresents,andhe______(buy)themanewcomputer.They______(have)agreattimetogether.参考答案：lives,visited,hasn'tseen,was,gave,bought,have解析：-"since2015"用一般现在时（lives）；-"lastweek"用一般过去时（visited）；-"forayear"用现在完成时（hasn'tseen）；-"tobehappy"用一般过去时（was）；-"give"为一般过去时（gave）；-"buy"为一般过去时（bought）；-"haveagreattime"用一般现在时（have）。2.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(notgo)tothebeach.We______(decide)togotothecinemainstead.Mysister______(notlike)thebeachbecauseshe______(be)afraidofthewater.She______(watch)acomedymovieatthecinema,andI______(see)anactionmovie.参考答案：rains,won'tgo,decided,doesn'tlike,is,willwatch,willsee解析：-条件状语从句用一般现在时（rains）；-主句用一般将来时（won'tgo）；-"decide"为一般过去时（decided）；-"doesn'tlike"为一般现在时（doesn'tlike）；-"beafraid"为一般现在时（is）；-"watch"和"see"为一般将来时（willwatch,willsee）。3.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Theboywho______(play)footballintheparkismyneighbor.He______(play)sincehe______(be)fiveyearsold.Hisparents______(notforce)himtopracticeeveryday,buthe______(practice)byhimself.He______(want)tobecomeaprofessionalplayerwhenhe______(grow)up.参考答案：isplaying,hasplayed,was,don'tforce,practices,wants,grows解析：-现在分词作定语（isplaying）；-"sincehewasfive"用现在完成时（hasplayed）；-"whenhewasfive"用一般过去时（was）；-"force"为一般现在时（don'tforce）；-"practice"为一般现在时（practices）；-"want"为一般现在时（wants）；-"grow"为一般现在时（grows）。4.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Mysister______(notlike)spiders,soshe______(be)scaredwhenshe______(see)one.Lastmonth,she______(walk)inthegardenwhenshe______(find)aspideronthewall.She______(notknow)whattodo,soshe______(call)meimmediately.I______(tell)hertoputaglassoveritandcatchit.参考答案：doesn'tlike,was,saw,waswalking,found,didn'tknow,called,told解析：-"doesn'tlike"为一般现在时（doesn'tlike）；-"bescared"为一般过去时（was）；-"see"为一般过去时（saw）；-"walk"为一般过去时（waswalking）；-"find"为一般过去时（found）；-"didn'tknow"为一般过去时（didn'tknow）；-"call"为一般过去时（called）；-"tell"为一般过去时（told）。5.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。IfI______(have)enoughmoneynextyear,I______(travel)toJapan.I______(want)toseethecherryblossoms,andI______(visit)TokyoandKyoto.Myfriend______(notgo)withmebecausehe______(prefer)tostayhome.参考答案：have,willtravel,want,willvisit,doesn'tgo,prefers解析：-条件状语从句用一般现在时（have）；-主句用一般将来时（willtravel）；-"want"为一般现在时（want）；-"visit"为一般将来时（willvisit）；-"doesn'tgo"为一般现在时（doesn'tgo）；-"prefer"为一般现在时（prefers）。6.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Thegirlwho______(speak)FrenchfluentlyisfromParis.She______(live)inLondonforthreeyears,butshe______(notmiss)herhomeverymuch.She______(go)backtoFranceeverysummertoseeherfamily.Herparents______(be)veryproudofher.参考答案：speaks,haslived,doesn'tmiss,goes,are解析：-现在分词作定语（speaks）；-"forthreeyears"用现在完成时（haslived）；-"notmiss"为一般现在时（doesn'tmiss）；-"go"为一般现在时（goes）；-"beproud"为一般现在时（are）。7.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Mybrother______(notlike)tocook,buthe______(help)mesometimes.Lastnight,I______(make)dinner,andhe______(help)mechopthevegetables.He______(be)verygoodatit,soI______(decide)toteachhimhowtocook.参考答案：doesn'tlike,helps,wasmaking,helped,was,decided解析：-"doesn'tlike"为一般现在时（doesn'tlike）；-"help"为一般现在时（helps）；-"make"为一般过去时（wasmaking）；-"help"为一般过去时（helped）；-"begood"为一般过去时（was）；-"decide"为一般过去时（decided）。8.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(notgo)tothepicnic.We______(decide)togotothemuseuminstead.Mysister______(notlike)theoutdoors,soshe______(prefer)tostayinside.She______(want)toseetheexhibition,andshe______(notknow)whattodo.参考答案：rains,won'tgo,decided,doesn'tlike,prefers,wants,doesn'tknow解析：-条件状语从句用一般现在时（rains）；-主句用一般将来时（won'tgo）