八年级下册英语人教第20讲：unit10语法篇（学生版）

Unit10语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。现在完成时for，since用法1.表示在过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时,时间状语有：for(twoyears),since1990,since(twoweeksago)和since引导的状语从句。如：Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownforthirtyyears.(我离开家乡有30年了)UncleWanghasworkedinthefactorysinceitopened.(自从这家工厂开张,王叔叔一直在那儿工作)2.口语中havegot往往表示have(有)的意思。如：Theyhavegotthousandsofbooksintheirlibrary.(他们图书馆有上万本书)3.havebeento与havegoneto的区别：havegoneto(“已经去了”)表示人不在这里,havebeento(“去过”)表示人在这里。如：--WhereisMrLi?–HehasgonetotheUK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英国。)--DoyouknowsomethingaboutBeijing?–Yes,IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.(你知道北京的情况吗？是的,我去过那里三次。)4.在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。具体变化见下表：瞬间性动词的完成时延续性动词或状态动词的完成时have(already)goneto…havebeenin/at…for(twoyears)eto…hasbeenheresince(1990)(had)left…(had)beenawayfrom…arrived…beenin…diedbeendeadbegunbeenonendedbeenoverbought...had…borrowed…kept…joined…beenin…或者使用下面这个句型：Itis/hasbeen+(多久)+since+主语(人)+谓语(过去时)+……+过去时间状语[注意]在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。如：HowlongmayIkeepthebook?(这本书我能借多久？)(句子中keep取代了borrow)1.Theyhavebeenfriends

overtenyears.A.sinceB.inC.forD.with2.---Howlonghaveyou

thebike?---Forthreeyears.A.borrowedB.lentC.boughtD.had3.Hehaslivedhere

hewassixyearsold.A.sinceB.forC.whenD.from4.RosecametoBeijingin2002.She

hereforeightyears.A.waslivingB.liveC.willliveD.haslived5.---

didyourbrotherleavehome?---He

fornearlyhalfanhour.A.When;hasleftB.When;hasbeenawayC.Howlong;hasleftD.Howlong;hasbeenaway基础演练一、单项选择（共10小题；共10.0分）1.---We'velivedhere

2001.---Soyou'velivedhere

aboutfiveyears.A.since;forB.for;sinceC.for;forD.since;since2.MissGaohastaughtusEnglish

twoyears.Ihavebeenhere

twoyearsago.A.since;forB.since;sinceC.for;sinceD.for;for3.Joe,myclosefriend,movedtoBeijingyearsago,andI

himsincethen.A.don'tseeB.didn'tseeC.haven'tseenD.won'tsee4.Thetrain

herefortenminutesalready.A.hasbeenB.hascomeC.hasstoppedD.hasgone5.TheSmithscametoShanghaiin2008.They

thereforthreeyearssincethen.A.liveB.livedC.havelivedD.willlive6.I

myhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit!A.leftB.wentawayfromC.haveleftD.havebeenawayfrom7.She

thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept8.---Howisyourgrandfather?---Oh,he

forhalfayear.---Iamsorrytohearthat.A.hasdiedB.diedC.hasbeendeadD.dies9.Sam

ChinesesincehecametoChina.HespeaksChinesewellnow.A.learnsB.learnedC.haslearnedD.willlearn10.Hurryup!Theplay

fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共5小题；共5.0分）11.---你做了多长时间的作业了?---两个小时了。---Howlong

you

yourhomework?---

twohours.12.詹姆斯自从2008年就在北京做外教。James

aforeignteacherinBeijing

2008.13.这本书你已经借了一个星期了。请尽快还回来。You

thisbookforaweek.Pleasegiveitbackassoonaspossible.14.从2000年开始，他就离开了家乡。He

awayfromhishometown

2000.15.他奶奶生病了,已经住院一个月了。Hisgrandmother

inhospitalforamonth.巩固提高根据汉语意思翻译句子（每空一词）1.我还没有完成作业。I______________myhomework_______.2.上周我妈妈去美国了，到现在还没有回来。Mymother________toAmericalastweek,andshe_____________backyet.3．——你喂小狗了吗？——喂了。我刚刚喂了它。——_______you_______thelittledog?——Yes,I________itjustnow.4．他已经看了两个小时的电视了。He____________________TVfortwohours.5．他离开家乡三年了。_____________________threeyears_______helefthometown.6．Susan两个月前离开了学校。Twomonths_______________________Susanleftschool.7．我去过北京两次了。I_______________________Beijingtwice.8．——你读过《小妇人》吗？——不，我还没有。——_______you______LittleWomanyet?——No,______________.9．你决定英语课要写的书了吗？_______you______yetwhichbook______________aboutforEnglishclass?10.我选了《金银岛》，但是我还没有读完它。IchoseTreasureIsland,butI______________readingit________.一、用动词的正确形式填空1．______she______(water)theflowersyet?2．He_______(leave)thecountryandgonetoIndia.3．Ihave________(be)hereforthreemonths.4．I_______already________(buy)anewcar.5．I_______(have)nonewsfromhimforalongtime.二、将下列句子改为现在完成时，每空一词6.Hecamebacktwohoursago.He______________back_______twohours.7．Shejoinedthemusicclublastweek.She_____________________themusicclub_______twoweeks.8．Theycameherein2008.They______________here______2008.9.Janeborrowedthebooklastmonth.Jane______________thebook_______twomonths.10.Tomboughtthecarin2009.Tom____________thecar_______2009.二、完型（171中学期中考试题）Youngpeopleareoftenunhappywhentheyarewiththeirparents.Theysaythattheirparentsdon't1

them.Theyoftenthinktheirparentsaretoostrictwiththem,andtheyarenevergivena2

hand.Parentsoftenfind3

difficulttowintheirchildren'strustandtheyseemtoforgethowtheythemselves4

whentheywereyoung.Forexample,youngpeopleliketodothingswithoutmuchthinking.It'soneoftheirwaysto5

thattheygrowupandtheycandowithanydifficultthings.Olderpeopleworrymoreeasily.Mostofthemplanthingsaheadanddon'tliketheirplanstobechanged.Whenyouwantyourparentstoletyoudosomething,youwillhavebettersuccess6

youaskbeforeyoureallystartdoingit.Youngpeopleoftenmaketheirparentsangrybyclothestheywant,themusictheyenjoyandsomethingelse.Butthey7

tocauseanytrouble.Theyjustfeelthatinthiswaytheycanbecutofffromtheoldpeople'sworldandtheywanttomakeanewcultureoftheirown.Andiftheirparentsdon'tliketheirmusicorclothesortheirmannerofspeech,theyoungpeoplefeelvery8

.Sometimesyouevendon'twantyourparentstosay“9

”towhatyoudo.Youwanttostayathome10

anddowhatyoulike.Ifyouplantocontrolyour11

,you'dbetterwinyourparentsoverandtrytogetthemtounderstandyou.Ifyourparentsseethatyouhavehighsenseofresponsibility,theywillcertainlygiveyoutherighttodo12

youwanttodo.1.A.rememberB.cookmealsforC.understandD.know2.A.helpfulB.usefulC.freeD.strong3.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it4.A.thoughtB.wantedC.neededD.felt5.A.learnB.seeC.findD.show6.A.sinceB.ifC.becauseD.after7.A.don'tmeanB.meanC.don'tlikeD.like8.A.lonelyB.unhappyC.interestingD.strange9.A.YesB.NoC.SorryD.That'sright10.A.aloneB.lonelyC.evenD.though11.A.lifeB.workC.studyD.health12.A.thatB.whatC.howD.when__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、单项选择31.---Hi,guys.Whereareyouheadingnow?---Home.We

allourmoney,sowehavetowalkhomenow.A.spendB.spentC.havespentD.arespending32.---IsJackathome?---No,he

thebookshop.He

thereafewminutesago.A.hasgoneto;wentB.hasgoneto;hasbeenC.hasbeento;wentD.hasbeento;hasgone33.Itis

noisyhere

Ican'thearyouclearly.A.very;becauseB.too;toC.very;thatD.so;that34.

itrainedheavily,nooneinourclasswaslateforschool.A.BecauseB.EventhoughC.AssoonasD.Until35.Ourheadteacheroften

us

English.A.encourage;tolearnB.encourages;tolearnC.encouraged;tolearnD.encourages;learn36.Mr.Green

hislessonswhenIwentintohisoffice.A.preparesB.preparedC.ispreparingD.waspreparing37.Youlooktired.Youshouldbeoutforawalk

workingindoors.A.aheadofB.insteadofC.infrontofD.instead38.---Howlonghaveyoulived

Shenzhen?---

tenyears.A.in;ForB.in;SinceC.at;ForD.on;Since39.Youwon'tpasstheexam

youstudyhard.A.becauseB.ifC.unlessD.though40.Ifyouwanttosucceedin

thistest,youshouldworkhard.A.passB.topassC.passedD.passing41.---Haveyoufinishedyourwork

,Jane?---Yes,I'vedoneit

.A.already;yetB.yet;alreadyC.yet;yetD.already;already42.---CouldIgoboatingthisweekend,Dad?---Yes,you

.Butyou

comebackbeforelunch.A.could;mustB.can;mustC.could;shouldD.must;should43.

Igetananswerfromhim,I'llringyouup.A.WhenB.WhileC.AssoonasD.Eventhough44.Intheexam,the

youare,the

mistakesyou'llmake.A.carefully;littleB.morecarefully;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less45.---Whydidn'tyouenjoythefilm?---Itwas

filmthatIhadeverseen.A.themostinterestingB.theleastinterestingC.moreinterestingD.lessinteresting三、完形填空Mobilephonesarebecomingmoreandmorepopularnotonlywithgrown-upsbutalso46

students.Meanwhile,theyalso47

aproblemformiddleschoolsinthepastfewyears.SomechildrenhavegotmobilephonesasChristmasorbirthdaygifts,andmorewill48

wantthem.ManylikeSMS(ShortMessageService)becauseitiseasyand49

.Someparentsfelthappybecausetheycouldgetintouch50

theirchildren.Someteacherssaidmobilephoneusewasadistraction(分心的事)tostudentsduringschoolhoursanditalsogavethemmuch51

intheirclassrooms.Sometimesstudentsmightusephonemessagestocheat(作弊)duringexams.Anewstudyfoundthatsometeenagerswhosendmessagesinclassevenhurttheirfingersbecausetheycan't52

usingSMS.Manyteacherssuggestedthatstudentsshouldnothavephonesatschool,53

iftherewasagoodreason,theycould54

theirphonesatschooloffice.Manypeoplethinktheyunderstand55

parentswouldwanttheirchildrentohavethem,buttheyagreeschoolsshouldletthestudentsknowwhentheycanusetheirmobilephones.46.A.withB.ofC.forD.in47.A.becameB.hadbecomeC.havebecomeD.becomes48.A.stillB.yetC.alreadyD.just49.A.importantB.quickC.boringD.relaxing50.A.againstB.onC.withD.to51.A.businessB.troubleC.informationD.problem52.A.stopB.keepC.continueD.decide53.A.andB.butC.thoughD.however54.A.missB.leaveC.lieD.take55.A.whetherB.becauseC.whyD.when四、阅读理解ALotsofpeoplemakeitastheiraimtogettothetopofMountEverest.Markisoneofthem.ThedifferencebetweenMarkandotherclimbersisthathelostbothhislegswhenclimbingNewZealand'shighestmountain,MountCook.Hewascaughtinabigiceholeandhehadtohavehislegscutbelowthekneesafterhewassaved.Butthatcouldn'tmakeMarkloseheart,whohasbecomethefirstpersonwithman-madelegstoreachthetopofMountEverest.Fromthetopoftheworld'shighestmountain,Markcalledhiswifetosayhemadeit.Hiswife,Annegotthephonewhenshewassleeping.Shecouldn'thearhimclearlyonthephone.Shewasunabletosaywhenhereachedthetopbutthoughtitwasaroundmidday.Shealsosaidhis"legs"didn'tworkwellsometimes,soherhusbandwascarryingasparelegandrepairtools.Markusedtobeamountainguidebeforehisaccident.Hesaiditwasnotimportantthatnoonelikehimhadeverreachedthe8850-metermountain."I'mnotdoingthistobethefirst.IhavebeenclimbingmostofmylifeandIjustfeelMountEverestisreallyagreataim.IwanttosendamessagethatIcandoanythingbetter."56.WhatwasthedifferencebetweenMarkandotherclimbers?A.Hewentmountain-climbingwithhiswife.B.Heclimbedmountainswithman-madelegs.C.HewasthefirsttoclimbMountEverest.D.Hewasthebestguideoftheworld.57.Mark'swifethoughtitwas

onMountEverestwhenMarkreacheditstop.A.noonB.morningC.midnightD.evening58.WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderinMark'sstory?a.Losingbothofhislegs.b.Workingasamountainguide.c.FallingintoaniceholeonMountCook.d.ReachingthetopofMountEverest.A.cabdB.cadbC.bcadD.bacd59.Mark'sstorymakesusbelievethatheisa

man.A.politeB.braveC.kindD.clever60.Marktoldusthathecaredmuchabout

.A.beingthefirstB.climbinghigherC.keepinghealthyD.beingaguideBJustlikeanyrelationship,bestfriendshipsdependontrust,promise,respectandinterests.Whenanyoftheseelements(要素)ismissing,thefriendshipwillbehardtogoon.Ifthetrustistotallybroken,youmaynotbeabletoforgivehim/her.Sometimesafriendshipendsbecauseeitheryouoryourfriendgetstiredofputtingtheheartintoit.Thiscanhappenwhenoneofyoufindsanewfriendorevenanewhobbythattakesupmuchtime.Or,perhapsyoufindtherelationshipisalwaysgoinginanunhealthywayandyouwantsomedistance.Othertimes,yousimplychangeandwanttoleaveeachother.Sure,itseemssadatthetime,butit'scompletelynormal.Notallfriendshipsaremeanttolastforever.So,whatshouldyoudoifsomethinglikethishappenstoyou?Readonforsomefriendlyadvice.Whateverthereasonyou'rebreakingupwithyourbestfriend,alwaysrememberthathe/shewasoncesuperimportanttoyou.Takethetimetositdownprivatelyandtellhim/herwhat'sgoingonandwhy.Don'tsendhim/heranunpleasante-mailorjuststartignoring(不理睬)him/her.Infact,maybehe/shehasknownthere'saproblemandwouldbewillingtohaveaheart-to-heartchat.Ifyou'renotsureaboutwantinganendforever,youcouldsuggestyoutwotakeabreakfromeachother.If,afterawhile,yourealizewhyyoubecamethebestfriendsinthebeginning,youcantrygettingbacktoyourformerbehaviors.Whateveryoudo,behonestaboutyourfeelingswhilehavingrespectforhis/hers.AndifyoubothagreetheBFFthingisover,makesurenottobeenemies.61.WhatisNOTtheusualcauseofendingafriendship?A.Gettingtiredofputtingyourheartintoeachother.B.Findinganewhobbythattakesupmuchtime.C.Realizingtherelationshipgoinginanunhealthyway.D.Livingtoofarawayfromeachother.62.TheunderlinedlettersBFFprobablymeans

.A.永远的朋友B.永久的隔阂C.终结的友谊D.暂时的误解63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.FourBasicElementsofFriendshipB.FriendlyAdviceonReadingC.WhattoDowithFriendshipinTrouble?D.WhentoBeFriendsorEnemies?64.Whatshouldyoudowhenbreakingupwithyourbestfriends?1Rememberhisorheroncebeingimportanttoyou.2Trytohaveaheart-to-heartchatwithhimorher.3Behonestandrespectfultoeachother.4Sendanunpleasante-mailandignorehimorher.5Suggestnotgettingalongwitheachotherforawhile.A.1234B.2345C.1345D.1235CGrowingkidsneedsleep,asdopeopleofallages.Indeed,researchshowsthathealthandsafetybothsufferwhenwetrytogetbywithtoolittleshuteye.Soit'sfortunatethatourbodiesdosuchagoodjobofwarninguswhenit'stimetohitthesack.Likehumans,otheranimalsalsotaketimeouttorest.You'veprobablyseenaliondozingatthezoo,ormaybewatchedourdogsnoozeawaylyinginitsbed.Infact,sleepisanecessityforeveryanimalthat'severbeenstudied.Howlonganimalssleep,though,varieswidely.Elephantsandgiraffessleeponlyabout2to4hoursaday,whilebatsmaynodoffforupto20hours.Duckssleeptogether,andthebirdsontheedgeofthegroupsleepwiththeoutsideeyeopenandhalfoftheirbrainawake—probablytokeepwatchingwhiletheotherhalfoftheirbrainsnoozes.Somebirdsmayevensleepwhileflying.Thefactthatallanimalsmaketimeforsleeping,evenunderverydangeroussituations,suggeststhatsleepisveryimportant.Andindeed,somefactssuggeststhatsleepisimportantforlearningandformingpermanentmemories.Butsleepmayalsobeprimarilyawayforanimalstosaveenergyandstayoutofharm.Thismayhelpexplainwhymeat-eatingcreaturessleepmorethanherbivores,whichareanimalsthatliveonlyonplants.Herbivores,likecowsandzebras,needtospendmoretimesearchingforandgrazingonfoodthanmeateatersdo,suchaslionsandotherbigcats.Soabigcatmightbebetteroffsleepingforawhileafteriteats,ratherthanprowlingaroundandriskinginjury.Butthat'sjustaguess.Scientistsneedtostudyotheranimalsaswellbeforetheycanfullyunderstandthebenefits(好处)ofsleepandknowwhichbenefitsaremostimportantforaparticularspecies(物种).Onethingiscertain:enoughsleepisimportanttohealthandlearning.Sogiveinwhenastrongwishtosleephits,andcatchplentyofZZZs.65.Theunderlinedphrase"tohitthesack"means

.A.toeatsomethingB.todrinksomethingC.togetupD.togotosleep66.Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninfer

.A.enoughsleepmayimproveyourlearninginclassB.ifyoufeelsleepyinclass,youcanfallasleepimmediatelyC.youareeasytogiveinifyouhaveplentyofsleepD.ifyouhaveastrongwishtosleep,youareperhapsill67.WhichofthefollowingisNotTrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Differentanimalssleepindifferentways.B.Sleepmaysaveenergyandstayoutofharm.C.Scientistshavestudiedthebenefitsaboutsleep.D.Animalsalsoneedtohavetimetorest.68.Themainideaofthepassageisabout

.A.whereanimalsfindaplacetosleepB.howanimalssleepintheopenairC.whyanimalsneedsleepD.whenanimalsfeelsleepy五、短文7选5Jimwasabookseller(书商).Hedidn'tlikepaying(付钱)foranything.Oneday,abigboxofbooksfellonhisfoot."Gotoseethedoctor."saidhiswife."No."hesaid.69.

thenI'llaskhimaboutmyfoot.IfIgotoseehim,I'llhavetopayhim."Thenextday,70.

.WhenJimwasgettingthemready,hetoldthedoctorabouthisbadfoot.Thedoctorcheckeditover."Yes."saidthedoctor,71.

."Howmucharethebooks?"saidthedoctor."$2."answeredJim."Good."saidthedoctor.72.

."Why?"askedJiminsurprise."Itoldyouaboutyourfoot."saidthedoctor.73.

.Goodbye.A.youmustputthatfootinhotwatereverynightB.Iwant$2forthatC.IshallnotpayyouanythingD.I'llwaituntilthedoctorcomestotheshopnexttimeE.thedoctorcametotheshopandboughtsomebooks六、阅读与表达(问答式)Today,rollerskatingiseasyandfun.Butalongtimeago,itwasn'teasyatall.Before1750,theideaofskatingdidn'texist.ThatchangedbecauseofamannamedJosephMerlin.Merlin'sworkwasmakingmusicalinstruments.Inhissparetimehelikedtoplaytheviolin.JosephMerlinwasamanofideasanddreams.Peoplecalledhimadreamer.OnedayMerlinreceivedaninvitation