2025-2026学年安徽省芜湖市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年安徽省芜湖市高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。ACity

Art

Museum

Visitor

GuideWelcometoCityArtMuseum.Ourmuseumishometomorethan1，200world-classartworks，includingclassicEuropeanoilpaintings，traditionalChinesepaintingsandcalligraphy，modernsculptures，andfantasticthemedspecialexhibitions.Tohelpyouhaveasafe，comfortableandenjoyablevisit，weofferafloorplanaswellasdetailedinformationaboutopeninghours，ticketprices，maincollectionsandallkindsofhelpfulservices.

Floor

Plan

Opening

Hours

Regularhours：TuesdaytoSunday9：00-17：00（lastentryat16：30）

ClosedonMondays（exceptnationalpublicholidays）

*SpecialOpenHours

Hall2&Hall5：openonly10：00-15：00onSaturdaysandSundays

Hall3：closedonthefirstWednesdayofeverymonth

Allhallsclose30minutesearlieronthelastFridayofeachmonth

Ticket

Prices

Adults：¥40perperson

Middleandhighschoolstudents（withvalidID）：¥20perperson

Childrenunder6andseniorsover70：free

Grouptickets（15peopleormore）：25%off

FreeadmissionforallonInternationalMuseumDay（May18）

Main

Collections

（*—Must-see）

A（EuropeanHall）：17th-19thcenturyoilpaintings*

B（TraditionalChineseHall）：ancientpaintings&calligraphy*

C（ModernSculptureHall）：creativemodernsculptures*

D（PhotographyExhibitionHall）：themephotography&newmediaart*

E（CraftArtHall）：traditionalhandmadeartworks&intangibleculturalheritagepieces*

F（Watercolor&PrintHall）：classicwatercolorworks&limited-editionprints*

G（GlassArtHall）：delicateglassartpieces

H（TemporaryExhibitionHall）：seasonalthemedexhibitions

Services

&

Rules

●Nofoodordrinksareallowedinanyexhibitionhall.

●Photosareallowedbutcameraflashandtripodsarebanned.

●FreeguidedtoursstarteveryhourattheInformationDesk.1.WhenisthebesttimetovisitHall2andHall5？______A.At9：30Saturday. B.At14：00Sunday.

C.At15：30Sunday. D.At10：00Monday.2.Howmuchshouldagroupof20studentspayintotal？______A.¥400. B.¥320. C.¥300. D.¥280.3.Whichmightbetheshortestroutetoenjoyallthemust-seeworksfromtheMainEntrance？______A.ACDFGBE B.ACGBEHD C.CADGFEB D.CABGDFEB

15-year-oldCassandraLinadmiresordinaryyetunexpectedheroes.InspiredbyastoryaboutaMalawianboywhobuiltwindmillsfrombicyclepartstopowerhisvillage，shecreatedanaward-winningrecyclingprograminherhometown，Westerly，RhodeIsland.Thisprogram，ProjectTGIF（TurnGreaseIntoFuel），encourageslocalpeopleandrestaurantstorecycleusedcookingoil，whichisthenprocessedintobiodiesel（生物柴油）fuel.ThemoneyearnedfromtheprogramisdonatedtohelpheatthehomesofneedypeopleinWesterly.That'sexactlywhatthispersistenttenthgraderhasdone.Forher，however，it'sjustsomethingshedoeshappilywithherfriendsafterschool.

Tomaketheprojectsuccessful，Cassandraandherteameducatedthemselvesthoroughlyonthebiodieselrefining（提炼）processinvolvingturningusedcookingoilintoclean，usablefuelthroughaseriesofchemicalsteps.Theymadetheirownbiodieselwithpropersafetymeasures，gottwodifferentyouthstart-upfunds，andpersuadedcommunityleaderstosupporttheinitiative.Theydiscernedanon-sustainableemergencyheatingprogramandtheissueofpouringusedfatsandoilsdownintodrainsaskeyproblemsintheircommunity."Allofourproblemshavesnowballedtogether，"Cassandrasaid.Sheandherteampuzzledoverhowtocombinetheseproblemstogetaone-offsolution.Anarticleoncollectingandrecyclingcookingoilsettledtheproblem.

Cassandra'sleadership，foresight，logicalthinking，andcreativitywerecentraltothesuccessofTGIF.Herenthusiasmandenergyhavemotivatedmanytojoinhercause.Despitehergreatachievements，Cassandrastaysdown-to-earth，viewinghereffortsasjustpartofherafter-schoolactivities.WhenremindedthatsheisfeaturedonsocialmediaasamemberoftheTunzaInternationalYouthConferenceonClimateChangeinR.O.Korea，keepingalowprofile，sheresponds，"AmI？"4.WhatistheaimofProjectTGIF？______A.Toencouragethelocalstoleadahealthylife.

B.Toprovidescienceeducationforteenagers.

C.ToreducetheuseofcookingoilinWesterly.

D.Tofindagreenwaytoprocessusedcookingoil.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"discerned"inParagraph2probablymean？______A.Identified. B.Solved. C.Created. D.Predicted.6.HowdidCassandraandherteamsolvethecommunity'sproblems？______A.Byaskingthegovernmentforemergencyfunds.

B.Bycombiningdifferentproblemsintoonesolution.

C.Bystoppingrestaurantsfrompouringoilintodrains.

D.BydonatingmoneytobuildwindmillsinMalawi.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeCassandra？______A.Strictandquiet. B.Enthusiasticandhonest.

C.Creativeandmodest. D.Humorousandbrave.CFrom

Tiger

Moms

to

French

Mamas，parents

around

the

world

have

long

argued

over

the

best

way

to

raise

their

children.A

new

study

adds

fresh

evidence

that

extreme

"Mom"

authoritarian

parenting

may

do

more

harm

than

good.The

study

found

that

authoritarian

parents

are

significantly

more

likely

to

raise

disrespectful

children

with

violent

behaviors，compared

to

parents

who

listen

to

their

kids

to

build

trust.

This

is

the

first

study

to

examine

how

parenting

styles

shape

teens'

views

of

their

parents

and，in

turn，their

daily

behavior.Researchers

categorize

parenting

into

three

broad

types

based

on

demand

and

responsiveness.Authoritative

parents

are

demanding

and

set

clear

rules，but

they

are

also

warm，caring

and

responsive

to

their

children's

needs.Authoritarian

parents，by

contrast，are

equally

demanding

and

controlling，but

they

show

little

warmth，affection

or

openness

to

their

kids'

opinions，taking

a

"my

way

or

the

highway"

approach.Permissive

parents

are

warm

and

accepting，but

they

set

few

boundaries

and

rarely

enforce

rules

consistently.

Using

data

from

nearly

600

middle

and

high

school

students

in

New

Hampshire，from

a

long-term

study

of

adolescent

development，University

of

New

Hampshire

researchers

found

that

"my

way

or

the

highway"

parenting

was

strongly

linked

to

violent

behaviors

including

robbery，drug

use

and

intentional

physical

attacks.Firm

but

loving

authoritative

parenting，however，resulted

in

significantly

fewer

lawbreaking

teens.Surprisingly，permissive

parenting

showed

almost

no

clear

positive

or

negative

effect

on

teens'

behavioral

outcomes.

To

explain

this

link，researchers

said

the

most

important

factor

is

whether

children

view

their

parents'

authority

as

reasonable.This

belief

develops

when

kids

trust

that

their

parents

are

making

decisions

in

their

best

interest，even

if

they

disagree

with

the

rules.When

kids

respect

parental

authority

genuinely，their

behavior

improves.Previous

studies

have

also

linked

firm

but

caring

parenting

to

better

self-control

and

independence.

"When

children

see

their

parents

as

reliable

figures，they

feel

a

duty

to

follow

the

rules，"

said

lead

researcher

Pick

Trinkner.

"This

means

parents

do

not

need

to

rely

on

rewards

and

punishments

to

control

behavior，and

children

will

still

obey

rules

even

when

parents

are

not

present."8.What

is

the

main

difference

between

authoritative

parents

and

authoritarian

ones？______A.Authoritative

parents

set

no

rules；authoritarian

ones

set

extremely

strict

rules.

B.Authoritative

parents

use

rewards

and

punishments；authoritarian

ones

rely

on

force.

C.Authoritative

parents

are

demanding

yet

caring；authoritarian

ones

controlling，not

warm.

D.Authoritative

parents

trust

their

kids

completely；authoritarian

ones

distrust

them

entirely.9.What

can

we

infer

about

permissive

parenting

from

the

third

paragraph？______A.It

helps

build

the

closest

parent-child

relationship.

B.It

is

the

most

effective

way

to

raise

kids

with

independence.

C.It

results

in

as

many

violent

behaviors

as

authoritarian

parenting.

D.It

has

less

negative

impact

on

teens'

behavior

than

authoritarian

parenting.10.WhichofthefollowingwouldPickTrinknermostprobablyagreewith？______A.Kidswillneverfollowruleswhentheirparentsarenotaround.

B.Kids'respectforparentalpowercomesfromtheirtrustinparents.

C.Rewardsandpunishmentsarethebestwaytocontrolkids'behavior.

D.Kids'behavioraldevelopmentdependsonrewardsandpunishments.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.WhichParentingStyleWorksBest？

B.TigerMomsAreBetterThanFrenchMamas.

C.TheHarmofAuthoritarianParentingtoTeenagers.

D.HowtoRaiseRespectfulandNon-violentChildren.D

Whatdoastronautsandofficeworkershaveincommon？Morethanyoumightthink.A2026healthstudysuggeststhattheexerciseastronautsusetofightmusclelossinspacecanhelpordinarypeopleslowdownagingandreducebackpain.

Inspace，microgravitycausesmusclesandbonestoweakenatarapidrate—essentiallyaformofrapidaging.Researchshowsthatastronautscanexperiencesignificantmuscledeclineinjustamatterofmonths，aprocessthatmirrorswhathappenstoordinarypeopleoverdecadesofsittingandinactiveliving.Tofightagainstthis，astronautsperformspeciallightexercisesthattargettheirdeepestcoremuscles，nottheouterstomachmusclesmostpeopleworkonatthegym.

Dr.SarahMitchell，wholedthestudy，explains："Themusclelossastronautsexperienceinmonthsissimilartowhathappenstonormalpeopleoverdecadesofsittingandaging.Scientistshavelongknownthatmicrogravityspeedsupphysicaldecline，butourresearchfoundthatthesameexercisesthatprotectastronautscanalsobenefitthoseofusonEarth."Soiftheastronauts'routineexercisecanturnaroundtheirmuscleloss，itmightalsoslowdownours.

Thekeyliesinactivatingtwosmall，deepmuscles：themultifidus（多裂肌）andtransversusabdominis（腹横肌）.Thesemusclesactlikeanaturalbelt，supportingthebackbone.Whenthesemusclesbecomeweak，peoplesufferfrombackpain，poorbodyposition，andfasterphysicaldecline.Traditionalexerciseslikesit-upsoftenfailtoactivatethemeffectively.

Thestudyrecommendsthreesimplehabits：sittinginachairwithoutleaningback，standingwhileonphonecalls，andpracticingbalanceexercisesforjustfiveminutesaday.These'anti-gravity'actionsworkbykeepingdeepcoremusclesconstantlybutgentlyactivated—similartohowastronautsmaintainmusclefunctioninspacewithoutheavyequipment.

Participantswhofollowedtheroutineforeightweeksreportedsignificantlylessbackpainandfeltmoreenergetic.Unlikehardworkoutsthatrequirespecialequipmentandmuchtime，thisapproachfitseasilyintodailylife.Evensmalleffortscanproducemeaningfulresults.12.Whydoastronautsneedtodospeciallightexercisesinspace？______A.Totraintheirouterstomachmusclesasinagym.

B.Tostoptherapidweakeningofmusclesandbones.

C.Topreparethemselvesforheavyequipmenttraining.

D.ToimprovetheirbalancebeforereturningtoEarth.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutdeepcoremusclesfromDr.Mitchell'sstudy？______A.Theyareeasytoactivatebydoingtraditionalsit-ups.

B.Theystopworkinggraduallyundermicrogravityconditions.

C.Theyarethemainmusclestrainedincommongymworkouts.

D.Theirconditioniscloselyconnectedwithpeople'sphysicalhealth.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthethreesimplehabitsfromthelasttwoparagraphs？______A.Theyrequireuserstomaintainspecialbodypositionsforalongtime.

B.Theyweredevelopedforastronautsandthendirectlygiventopeople.

C.Theireffectivenesswassupportedbyreportsfromrealparticipants.

D.Theyworkbestwhencombinedwithtraditionalgymworkouts.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？______A.Tocomparethedailylivesofastronautsandofficeworkers.

B.Toexplainhowmicrogravityaffectsthehumanbodyinspace.

C.Tointroduceaspace-inspiredmethodforimprovingphysicalhealth.

D.Toadvertiseanewexerciseprogramthatrequiresspecialequipment.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。Cybersecurity：A

Shared

Responsibility

in

the

Digital

Age

TheInternethasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife，connectingpeople，businessesandgovernmentsacrosstheglobe.

(16)

However，thisconveniencecomeswithhiddendangers，suchasdataleaks，cyberfraudandhackingattacks.

(17)

Itreferstothepracticeofprotectingcomputers，networksanddatafromdigitalattacks.Theseattacksoftenaimtoaccess，changeordestroysensitiveinformation，orextortmoneyfromusers.

Forindividuals，cybersecuritymeansprotectingpersonalprivacyandproperty.Simplehabitscangreatlyreducerisks：usingstrongpasswords，avoidingsuspiciouslinks，andnotsharingIDnumbersorbankdetailsonline.

(18)

Businessesalsorelyheavilyoncybersecurity.Asingledataleakcanleadtohugefinanciallossesanddamagetoreputation.

(19)

Theyneedtoupdatesecuritysystemsregularlyandtrainemployeestorecognizepotentialthreats.

Onanationallevel，cybersecurityiscrucialtonationalsecurityandsocialstability.Governmentsaroundtheworldarestrengtheninglawsandbuildingadvanceddefensesystems.

(20)

Inshort，cybersecurityisnotjustajobforexperts.Itisasharedresponsibilitythatrequireseffortsfromindividuals，businessesandgovernments.

A.Sowhatexactlyiscybersecurity？

B.Manypeoplearestillunawareofonlinerisks.

C.Beingcarefulisthebestwaytoprotectourselves.

D.Cybercrimehasincreasedrapidlyinrecentyears.

E.Italsohelpsmaintainpublictrustindigitalservices.

F.Wecanshop，workandcommunicateonlineanytime.

G.Therefore，companiesmusttakestrictsecuritymeasures.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。

OnabrightSaturdaymorning，ItookpartinavolunteerbeachcleanupatJawboneMarineSanctuary.Ijoinedintheactivity

(21)

becausemyfriendinvitedme，ratherthanhavingareal

(22)

foroceanprotection.Atfirstsight，thebroadbeachseemedneatandclean.Yetaswe

(23)

alongtheshore，wediscoveredallkindsof

(24)

.Countlessplasticpieceslayhiddenunderseashells，and

(25)

shoesandoldtyreswerehalf-buriedinthesanddunes.

Iworkedslowlyatthebeginning，feeling

(26)

andhopingtofinishearly.EverythingchangedwhenI

(27)

aseaturtleshelltrappedinsideaplasticbag.Icouldn'tstopthinkingabouthowmanyseaanimals

(28)

plasticforfoodorgetcaughtinsuchrubbish.Deeplytouched，I

(29)

myselfintotheworkwholeheartedly.Bymid-morning，ourteamhad

(30)

morethan180kilogramsoflitterintotal.

Lookingatthehugepileofwaste，Ifeltashamedofpeople'scarelessacts.Meanwhile，Ifeltproudthatwehadmadeasmall

(31)

.Icametorealizethatcleaningbeachesismorethanjustclearingawayrubbish.Itisanactof

(32)

fortheplanetweallshare.

Thismeaningfulexperience

(33)

mywayofthinking.Iusedtobelieveonepersoncouldhardlyhaveanyimpact.NowIunderstandthatsmalleffortscan

(34)

greatchanges.Fromthenon，Iformedagoodhabit.Ialwayscarry

(35)

bagsandneverlitter.Iwillkeepdoingmybesttoprotectthemarineenvironment.21.A.namely B.nearly C.simply D.hardly22.A.request B.passion C.preference D.courage23.A.rushed B.stormed C.walked D.sailed24.A.treasures B.goods C.plastics D.waste25.A.worn B.burned C.decorated D.cheap26.A.nervous B.surprised C.bored D.relaxed27.A.searched B.spotted C.examined D.observed28.A.prepare B.select C.exchange D.mistake29.A.got B.turned C.threw D.devoted30.A.collected B.picked C.sorted D.moved31.A.difference B.point C.deal D.wish32.A.waiting B.caring C.hoping D.asking33.A.balanced B.controlled C.transformed D.fixed34.A.comedownto B.addupto C.resultfrom D.relyon35.A.available B.common C.cheap D.reusable四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.

DuringtheSpringFestival，Zhanqi，anancientvillageinAnhui，becameworld-famous（1）

its800-year-oldfishlanternshows.Atnight，vividfish-shapedlanternsswaygently，winninggreat（2）

（popular）amongpeopleathomeandabroad.

ZhengDongjiao，whooncestruggledtomakealivinginmetropolises，（3）

（eventual）camebackhome.（4）

worriedhimmostwasthatthepreciousfolkcustommightfadeaway，becausemostyoung（5）

（resident）hadleftandtheelderlycouldnolongercarryiton.

Astheleaderofthelanternparade，Zhengcalledbackyoungvillagers，standardizeddancemovesandpromotedtheculturevialivestreaming.Thefishlanternsnowserveasanemotionalbond，（6）

（draw）backyounglocalsandattractingtouriststolearnabouttraditionalChineseculture.

Originally，thelanternparade（7）

（hold）toprayforsafety.Butnowadays，itstandsforpeople'swishesforhealthandhappiness.（8）

（list）asaprovincialintangibleculturalheritagein2022，ithasgreatlyboostedlocaltourism.Thelocalgovernment（9）

（aim）todevelopthistraditionintoasustainableindustry.Itwillpassdownvaluableculturalheritageandhelpvillagersliveabetterlife，making（10）

ancientcharmlastforever.五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。37.假定你是李华，近期在伦敦旅游时发现多处景区中文标识翻译错误。请你在伦敦旅游局（Visit

London）官方网站上留言，内容包括：

（1）反映该问题；

（2）提出合理建议。

注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear

Sir

or

Madam，

______________Yours

sincerely，Li

Hua38.Anand

was

playing

with

his

younger

brother

in

the

backyard

of

his

home.Suddenly，he

noticed

some

sparrows

were

busy

building

nests.Two

of

them

were

building

a

nest

on

a

decorative

tree.Another

pair

was

busy

building

a

nest

under

the

eaves

（屋檐）

of

the

roof，and

the

third

pair

was

trying

to

build

a

nest

among

pipes

on

the

wall.Both

the

brothers

became

interested

and

observed

how

these

sparrows

bring

straws

and

dry

grass

to

make

their

nests.

Anand

was

a

fourteen-year-old

high

school

student.His

ten-year-old

brother

Vinod

studied

in

primary

school.Both

of

them

were

clever

boys.However，the

father

was

not

satisfied

with

Anand's

studies

and

hoped

he

could

score

more

marks

in

math.Actually，Anand

was

weak

in

math，and

he

was

a

bit

lazy

and

careless.His

mother

always

told

him

he

could

do

better

if

he

put

in

more

effort，while

Anand

said

he

was

trying

his

hardest.

It

was

Sunday

morning，and

the

weather

was

fine.Anand，Vinod，and

Grandfather

were

having

tea

in

the

backyard

after

breakfast.Vinod

was

looking

at

the

wall

where

two

sparrows

were

trying

to

set

the

straws

and

dry

grass

in

the

space

between

the

pipe

and

the

wall，but

they

failed.Every

time

the

straw

or

dry

grass

fell

down，the

sparrows

came

down，picked

it

up，and

again

tried，but

it

fell

down

again.He

said

to

Anand，

"These

two

sparrows

are

still

making

their

nest，while

other

sparrows

have

already

made

their

nests."

Anand

said，

"I

think

these

two

sparrows

don't

know

how

to

make

a

nest."

The

next

morning，Vinod

saw

the

sparrows

were

still

trying

to

make

a

nest

by

arranging

straws

and

grass，but

all

their

attempts

were

going

in

vain.The

next

day，the

whole

family

was

away

from

home

for

two

days

to

take

part

in

a

marriage

ceremony

in

a

nearby

city.

注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Returning

from

the

marriage

ceremony，when

Anand

reached

his

room

he

heard

the

fluttering

（振翼）

of

wings.

_______

"And

this

applies

to

you，too，"

Anand's

mother

said.

_______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据OpeningHours板块Hall2&Hall5：openonly10：00-15：00onSaturdaysandSundays.（二号展厅和五号展厅仅在周六、周日的10点至15点开放。）可知，周日14点在二号展厅和五号展厅的开放时段内。故选B。

（2）数字计算题。根据TicketPrices板块Middleandhighschoolstudents（withvalidID）：¥20perperson；Grouptickets（15peopleormore）：25%off.（初高中学生凭有效证件每人20元；15人及以上团体票享7.5折优惠。）可知，学生单人票价20元，20人原价400元，七五折后300元。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据FloorPlan中的图表可知ACDFGBE可能是从正门欣赏所有必看作品的最短路线。故选A。

本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了城市美术馆参观指南，介绍开放时间、票价、必看馆藏展厅及参观服务规则，为游客提供完整参观参考信息。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】D、A、B、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Thisprogram，ProjectTGIF（TurnGreaseIntoFuel），encourageslocalpeopleandrestaurantstorecycleusedcookingoil，whichisthenprocessedintobiodiesel（生物柴油）fuel.（该项目名为TGIF（将油脂转化为燃料），鼓励居民和当地餐馆回收用过的食用油，然后将其加工成生物柴油。）可知，项目TGIF的目的是回收用过的食用油，然后将其加工成生物柴油，即找到一种绿色的方法来处理使用过的烹饪油。故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段Theydiscernedanon-sustainableemergencyheatingprogramandtheissueofpouringusedfatsandoilsdownintodrainsaskeyproblemsintheircommunity.（她们发现了社区内两个关键问题：不可持续的应急供暖项目，以及餐馆将油脂、废弃油污排入下水道的问题。）可知，后文提到社区的两个关键的问题，故此处划线词discerned意思是"发现，识别，认为是"，即他们把"不可持续的紧急供暖项目"和"人们将废弃油脂倒入下水道"视为社区的关键问题。A.Identified查明，发现；B.Solved解决；C.Created创造；D.Predicted预测。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Sheandherteampuzzledoverhowtocombinetheseproblemstogetaone-offsolution.Anarticleoncollectingandrecyclingcookingoilsettledtheproblem.（她和团队思考着如何把这些问题结合起来，找到一个一劳永逸的解决方案。一篇关于收集和回收食用油的文章解决了这个难题。）可知，她们是把问题联系起来，用一个方案同时解决。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Cassandra'sleadership，foresight，logicalthinking，andcreativitywerecentraltothesuccessofTGIF.（Cassandra的领导力、远见、逻辑思维和创造力是TGIF项目成功的关键。）和最后一段Despitehergreatachievements，Cassandrastaysdown-to-earth，viewinghereffortsasjustpartofherafter-schoolactivities.（尽管取得了巨大成就，Cassandra仍然保持脚踏实地，把自己的努力仅仅看作是她课外活动的一部分。）可知，Cassandra的创造力是项目成功的关键，即她是一个有创造力的人；尽管Cassandra取得了巨大的成就，但她认为自己的努力只是课外活动的一部分，可知Cassandra又是个谦虚的人。故选C。

这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了15岁的CassandraLin发起的ProjectTGIF，通过回收烹饪油转化为生物柴油，帮助贫困家庭取暖的故事。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。8~11.【答案】C、D、B、A【解析】略

1.

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Authoritative

parents

are

demanding

and

set

clear

rules，but

they

are

also

warm，caring

and

responsive

to

their

children's

needs.Authoritarian

parents，by

contrast，are

equally

demanding

and

controlling，but

they

show

little

warmth，affection

or

openness

to

their

kids'

opinions，taking

a

"my

way

or

the

highway"

approach.（权威型父母对孩子有要求且设定明确规则，但他们也热情体贴，会回应孩子的需求。相反，专制型父母同样有要求、控制欲强，但对孩子的想法几乎不展现温暖、关爱或包容，采取"要么听我的，要么走人"的方式）可知，权威型父母有要求同时关爱孩子，专制型父母控制欲强，不够温暖，这就是二者的主要区别。故选C。

2.

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Using

data

from

nearly

600

middle

and

high

school

students

in

New

Hampshire，from

a

long-term

study

of

adolescent

development，University

of

New

Hampshire

researchers

found

that

"my

way

or

the

highway"

parenting

was

strongly

linked

to

violent

behaviors

including

robbery，drug

use

and

intentional

physical

attacks.Firm

but

loving

authoritative

parenting，however，resulted

in

significantly

fewer

lawbreaking

teens.Surprisingly，permissive

parenting

showed

almost

no

clear

positive

or

negative

effect

on

teens'

behavioral

outcomes.（新罕布什尔大学的研究人员利用一项青少年发展长期研究中收集的新罕布什尔州近600名初高中学生的数据，发现‘要么听我的要么走’式的专制育儿方式与抢劫、吸毒、故意伤害等暴力行为密切相关。然而，坚定但充满爱的权威育儿方式导致违法青少年明显减少。令人惊讶的是，宽容的育儿方式对青少年的行为结果几乎没有明显的积极或消极影响。）可知放任型教养比专制型教养对青少年行为的负面影响更小。故选D。

3.

（3）推理判断题。根据第五段Whenchildrenseetheirparentsasreliablefigures，theyfeeladutytofollowtherules（当孩子将父母视为可靠的人时，他们就会觉得遵守规则是自己的责任）和第四段themostimportantfactoriswhetherchildrenviewtheirparents'authorityasreasonable.Thisbeliefdevelopswhenkidstrustthattheirparentsaremakingdecisionsintheirbestinterest（最重要的因素是孩子是否认为父母的权威合理。当孩子相信父母所做的决定是为了他们的最大利益时，这种认知就会逐渐形成）可推知，孩子对父母权威的尊重源自对父母的信任，这符合首席研究员皮克•特林克纳的观点。故选B。

4.

（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段"Anewstudyaddsfreshevidencethatextreme"Mom"authoritarianparentingmaydomoreharmthangood.Thestudyfoundthatauthoritarianparentsaresignificantlymorelikelytoraisedisrespectfulchildrenwithviolentbehaviors，comparedtoparentswholistentotheirkidstobuildtrust.（一项新研究提供了新的证据，表明极端专制的"虎妈式"教养可能弊大于利。研究发现，与愿意倾听孩子、建立信任的父母相比，专制型父母培养出无礼、有暴力行为孩子的可能性要大得多），结合后文对三种不同教养方式结果的对比分析可知，全文围绕不同教养方式展开讨论，对比了不同教养方式的效果，核心是探究哪一种教养方式效果更好。选项A"哪种教养方式最好？"适合做本文标题。故选A。12~15.【答案】B、D、C、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。由第二段中的Inspace，microgravitycausesmusclesandbonestoweakenatarapidrate—essentiallyaformofrapidaging.Researchshowsthatastronautscanexperiencesignificantmuscledeclineinjustamatterofmonths，aprocessthatmirrorswhathappenstoordinarypeopleoverdecadesofsittingandinactiveliving.Tofightagainstthis，astronautsperformspeciallightexercisesthattargettheirdeepestcoremuscles，nottheouterstomachmusclesmostpeopleworkonatthegym.（在太空中，微重力环境会让肌肉和骨骼快速衰弱，本质上相当于一种快速衰老。研究显示，短短几个月宇航员就会出现明显的肌肉退化，这个过程和普通人几十年久坐、缺乏运动产生的身体变化十分相似。为了改善这一问题，宇航员会进行专门的轻度训练，锻炼人体深层核心肌群，而非大多数人在健身房锻炼的表层腹部肌肉。）可知，宇航员在太空中需要进行特殊的轻度锻炼是为了防止肌肉和骨骼迅速退化。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。由第四段中的Thesemusclesactlikeanaturalbelt，supportingthebackbone.Whenthesemusclesbecomeweak，peoplesufferfrombackpain，poorbodyposition，andfasterphysicaldecline.（这些肌肉像一条天然的腰带，支撑着脊柱。当这些肌肉变得虚弱时，人们就会出现背痛、身体姿势不良以及身体机能加速退化等问题。）可知，深层核心肌群的状况与人们的身体健康密切相关。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。由尾段中的Participantswhofollowedtheroutineforeightweeksreportedsignificantlylessbackpainandfeltmoreenergetic.（坚持这套训练八周的受试者反馈，背痛症状明显减轻，精力也更加充沛。）可知，三种简单习惯的有效性得到了真实参与者报告的支持。故选C。

（4）写作意图题。由首段中的Whatdoastronautsandofficeworkershaveincommon？Morethanyoumightthink.A2026healthstudysuggeststhattheexerciseastronautsusetofightmusclelossinspacecanhelpordinarypeopleslowdownagingandreducebackpain.（宇航员和上班族有什么共同点？远比你想象的要多。2026年一项健康研究表明，宇航员在太空用来防止肌肉萎缩的锻炼方式，能够帮助普通人延缓衰老、缓解背痛。）结合文章主要说明了太空微重力会让宇航员肌肉骨骼快速衰退，研究发现宇航员锻炼深层核心肌的方法适用于普通人，三个日常小动作可护脊柱、缓解背痛、延缓衰老。可知，文章的目的是介绍一种以太空为灵感的改善身体健康的方法。故选C。

这是一篇说明文，主要说明了太空微重力会让宇航员肌肉骨骼快速衰退，研究发现宇航员锻炼深层核心肌的方法适用于普通人，三个日常小动作可护脊柱、缓解背痛、延缓衰老。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。16~20.【答案】F、A、C、G、E【解析】（1）联系上文题。上文TheInternethasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernlife，connectingpeople，businessesandgovernmentsacrosstheglobe.（互联网已成为现代生活的重要组成部分，连接着全球各地的人们、企业和政府。）说明互联网的普及与连接作用。空处和前文为顺接关系，具体列举互联网带来的便利生活场景。所以F项"我们可以随时在线购物、工作和交流。"符合语境，承接前文互联网的普及性，自然引出后文转折提及的潜在风险。故选F。

（2）段落大意题。下文Itreferstothepracticeofprotectingcomputers，networksanddatafromdigitalattacks.（它指的是保护计算机、网络和数据免受数字攻击的做法。）是对某一概念的定义。空处应为引出该概念的设问句。所以A项"那么，网络安全究竟是什么？"符合语境，后文的It指代该选项中的"cybersecurity"，通过设问自然过渡到对网络安全概念的正式阐释。故选A。

（3）联系上文题。上文Simplehabitscangreatlyreducerisks：usingstrongpasswords，avoidingsuspiciouslinks，andnotsharingIDnumbersorbankdetailsonline.（简单的习惯就能大大降低风险：使用强密码、避开可疑链接、不在网上分享身份证号或银行信息。）列举了个人防护的具体做法。空处是对这些做法的总结，强调谨慎的重要性。所以C项"保持谨慎是保护我们自己最好的方式。"符合语境。故选C。

（4）语境衔接题。上文Asingledataleakcanleadtohugefinanciallossesanddamagetoreputation.（一次数据泄露就可能导致巨大的经济损失和声誉损害。）指出了企业面临的严重后果。下文Theyneedtoupdatesecuritysyst