Unit5 Power of Ideas (Period 3)课件2026-2027学年人教版九年级上册英语

PowerofIdeas(Period3)SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)

人教版九年级上册英语LearningObjectives

学习目标01核心词汇与短语积累重点掌握telephone,suppose,besupposedto,wheel,frozen,tourism,economic等核心词汇的拼写、含义及固定搭配，能够在具体语境中准确识别与运用，夯实语言基础。02被动语态语法体系构建透彻理解并掌握一般现在时与一般过去时被动语态的构成规则（be+done），熟练运用肯定、否定及疑问句式，厘清主动与被动语态的转换逻辑及适用场景。03实际场景与写作应用能够准确运用被动语态描述科技发明的历史、日常物品的制作过程以及社会事件的发展经过，实现从语法知识到实际语言输出的有效转化。回顾重点：TheMostUsefulInvention——RadioInventor&TimelineCreatedbyGuglielmoMarconiinthe1890s;successfullysentthefirsttransatlanticradiosignalin1901.Far-reachingInfluenceIthadabigeffectonglobalcommunication,breakingdowngeographicalbarriersinstantly.GlobalPopularityRadiotechnologywasrapidlyspreadaroundtheworld,becomingaprimarysourceofnewsandentertainment.Challenge:ActivetoPassiveCanyouusethePassiveVoicetodescribetheinvention?

Example:

TheradiowasinventedbyGuglielmoMarconiinthe1890s.

Trytomakeasentenceabouthowitwasspread!💡KeyGrammarFocus:Passivevoiceemphasizeswhathappenedtotheobject(theradio)ratherthanwhodidtheaction(theinventor).ReviewExercise复习练习请从方框中选择合适的词汇或短语，并用其正确形式填空，使句子通顺且语法正确。核心词汇：invent•haveabigeffecton•becauseof•spread•develop01.Theradio________________byMarconiinthelate19thcentury.Itchangedthewaypeoplecommunicateforever.02.TheInternet_______________________ourdailylifegreatly.Ithasbecomeanessentialpartofmodernsociety.03.Newsandinformationcan___________aroundtheworldinsecondsthroughthenetworkandmedia.04.He___________thebasicideaofwirelesscommunicationinthe1890s,whichledtotheinventionoftheradio.05.________________thewideuseofradioandtelevision,wecanenjoyvariousmusicandprogramsfromallovertheworld.答题锦囊注意动词的语态（主动/被动）；关注时间状语对时态的提示；固定短语不可随意拆分。wasinventedhasabigeffectonspreaddevelopedBecauseoftelephone/ˈtelɪfəʊn/n.电话；电话机常用搭配：mobiletelephone(手机)；answerthetelephone(接电话)；onthetelephone(在打电话)经典例句：ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.（电话是贝尔在1876年发明的。）suppose/səˈpəʊz/v.认为；推断；猜想常用搭配：Isupposeso.(我想是吧)；besupposedtodo(应该做...)；whatdoyousuppose...?(你觉得...?)经典例句：Isupposeheisright,butI'mnotsure.（我认为他是对的，但我不确定。）besupposedtodo应当做；理应做核心用法：表示根据规定、习惯或安排“应该”做某事，否定式为benotsupposedtodo(不应该)。经典例句：Youaresupposedtoarriveontimeforthemeeting.（你应该准时到会。）wheel/wiːl/n.车轮；轮子；方向盘词汇联想：steeringwheel(方向盘)；bigwheel(大人物/重要人物)；wheelchair(轮椅)经典例句：Thewheelisconsideredoneoftheoldestandmostimportantinventions.（轮子被认为是最古老和最重要的发明之一。）eastern/ˈiːstən/adj.东部的；东方的[搭配]easternChina中国东部；easternculture东方文化[例句]Thesunrisesintheeasternsky.

译：太阳从东方的天空缓缓升起。layer/ˈleɪə(r)/n.层；表层；阶层[搭配]alayerofice一层冰；athicklayerofdust一层厚灰尘[例句]Thereisafreshlayerofsnowontheground.

译：地上覆盖着一层新鲜的白雪。frozen/ˈfrəʊzn/adj.冻硬的；冰封的；严寒的[变形]动词freeze(v.冻结)的过去分词形式[例句]Thelakeisfrozensolidinthecoldwinter.

译：寒冬时节，湖面结了厚厚的冰。melt/melt/v.(使)融化；溶解；逐渐消失[联想]反义词：freeze(结冰)；近义词：thaw(解冻)[例句]Theicemeltsquicklyinthewarmspringsun.

译：在温暖的春日阳光下，冰很快就融化了。pipe/paɪp/n.管道；管子；烟斗例句：Waterflowsthroughthepipetoeveryhousehold.(水通过管道输送到家家户户。)它是城市基础设施中传输流体的重要通道。tourism/ˈtʊərɪzəm/n.旅游业；观光业搭配与例句：developtourism(发展旅游业)。Tourismisthelifebloodofthiscoastalcity.(旅游业是这座海滨城市的经济命脉。)economic/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/adj.经济的；经济学的搭配与例句：economicdevelopment(经济发展)。Thecountryisfacingmajoreconomicchallenges.(该国正面临重大的经济挑战。)gain/ɡeɪn/v.获得；得到；增加n.收益搭配与例句：gainexperience/knowledge(获得经验/知识)。Weallgainsomethingfromourmistakes.(我们都能从错误中有所收获。)地理拓展GeographyExtension：Lhasa(拉萨，“日光城”，西藏自治区首府)•TanggulaPass(唐古拉山口，青藏高原的重要地理标志)•Europe(欧洲，拥有丰富旅游资源的大洲)首字母填空|根据句意补全单词1.Thet____________wasinventedbyAlexanderBell.(电话)2.Youares____________tofinishyourhomeworkfirst.(应该)3.Thegroundisf____________incoldwinter.(结冰的)4.T____________isanimportantindustryinmanycountries.(旅游业)5.Thecityhasafaste____________growth.(经济的)elephoneupposedrozenourismconomic词性变形|用所给词的适当形式填空1.Theice______________(melt)whenthesuncomesout.

💡提示：描述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词2.Therearemany______________(pipe)undertheground.

💡提示：many修饰可数名词，需使用复数形式3.He______________(gain)alotofknowledgelastterm.

💡提示：lastterm是过去时间标志，使用一般过去时meltspipesgainedGrammarFocusGroupA·主动语态(ActiveVoice)1.Peopleinventedtheradio.

（人们发明了收音机——强调“谁做了这件事”）2.Marconisentaradiomessage.

（马可尼发送了无线电报——强调“发送者”）3.Workersbuiltthebridge.

（工人们建造了这座桥——强调“建造者”）GroupB·被动语态(PassiveVoice)1.Theradiowasinventedbypeople.

（收音机被人们发明——强调“收音机”）2.AradiomessagewassentbyMarconi.

（无线电报被马可尼发送——强调“电报”）3.Thebridgewasbuiltbyworkers.

（这座桥被工人们建造——强调“桥”）What'sthedifferencebetweenGroupAandGroupB?思考提示：仔细观察两组句子中动作的执行者和动作的承受者在句中的位置有何不同？动词的结构发生了怎样的变化？Readthesentences.Circletheverbsinthepassivevoice.4aReadthesentences.Circletheverbsinthepassivevoice.4a01Amini-cameraisconnectedtothefrontofthesmartglasses.💡语法点睛：一般现在时被动语态（is+done）。强调客观事实与当前存在的状态，说明眼镜的构造特征。02Theoilandsaltarealsoaddedbythecookingmachineautomatically.💡语法点睛：一般现在时被动语态（are+done）。主语为复数（oilandsalt），描述机器的常规运作机制。03Toys,chairs,tables,andevenhousescanallbemadebythe3Dprinterquickly.💡语法点睛：情态动词被动语态（can+be+done）。表示具备某种可能性或能力，突出科技的制造潜力。04AradiomessagewassentacrosstheAtlanticOceanforthefirsttimein1901.💡语法点睛：一般过去时被动语态（was+done）。描述过去某个特定时间发生的动作，强调动作发生在过去。GrammarFocus：PassiveVoice被动语态01主动语态ActiveVoice结构公式：主语（动作执行者）+谓语动词+宾语Eg:Peopleinventedthetelephone.人们发明了电话。

解析：主语People是动作invent的发出者，强调“谁做了这件事”。02被动语态PassiveVoice结构公式：主语（承受者）+be+过去分词+(by+执行者)Eg:Thetelephonewasinventedbypeople.电话被人们发明。

解析：主语Telephone是动作invent的承受者，强调“事情发生在谁身上”。💡核心考点与易错点KeyTakeaways1.时态一致：被动语态中的be动词时态必须与原主动句的谓语动词时态保持一致。

2.人称单复数：be动词的形式（am/is/are/was/were）需与新主语的人称和数保持一致。3.不及物动词：只有及物动词（能接宾语的动词）才有被动语态，如happen,appear无被动。

4.省略执行者：若动作执行者不明确或不重要，by短语可省略。GrammarFocus：一般现在时的被动语态核心构成公式：主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(V-pp)（强调动作的承受者，而非执行者）01肯定句Affirmative结构：主语+am/is/are+done(+bysb.)📌例：Theclassroomiscleanedeveryday.02否定句Negative结构：主语+am/is/are+not+done(+bysb.)📌例：Theflowerisnotwateredbyhim.03一般疑问句Yes/NoQuestion结构：Am/Is/Are+主语+done(+bysb.)?📌例：IsthebookwrittenbyLuXun?04特殊疑问句Wh-Question结构：Wh-词+am/is/are+主语+done?📌例：Whatismadeinthisfactory?GrammarFocus：用法01经常性或习惯性的被动动作"Theclassroomiscleanedeveryday."教室每天被打扫。强调动作的重复性与规律性，常与everyday,usually,often等频度时间状语连用，体现动作的常态性。02现阶段正在进行的被动动作"Anewlibraryisbeingbuiltthesedays."这些天正在建一座新图书馆。侧重动作当前正在进行的状态，标志词有thesedays,now,atpresent等，强调过程中的持续性。03常态化的客观事实或普遍真理"Englishisspokenallovertheworld."全世界都说英语。描述不受时间限制的客观存在或公认事实，体现动作的普遍性与客观性，通常不强调动作的执行者。04规定、规则或禁令的被动表达"Studentsarenotallowedtousephonesinclass."学生不允许在课堂上用手机。用于表达规章制度、法律条文或官方禁令，强调动作的强制性与约束性，主语通常是受动者。GrammarFocus：时态一致🎯核心构成Formula：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(V-pp/done)01肯定句Affirmative结构：主语+was/were+done(+by...)例句：Anewschoolwasbuiltinourvillagelastyear.02否定句Negative结构：主语+was/were+not+done(+by...)例句：Themeetingwasnotheldyesterday.03一般疑问句Yes/NoQuestion结构：Was/Were+主语+done(+by...)?例句：Wasthebridgebuiltin2000?04特殊疑问句Wh-Question结构：Wh-word+was/were+主语+done...?例句：Whenwasthecomputerinvented?GrammarFocus：用法01强调具体时间的被动动作表示过去某一特定时间发生的动作，句子的主语是该动作的承受者。常与明确的过去时间状语连用。例：Thetelephonewasinventedin1876.（电话是1876年被发明的。）02隐去执行者或强调承受者当不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要说明时使用；也用于为了突出动作的承受者，将其作为陈述的核心。例：Manytreeswereplantedlastspring.（去年春天种了很多树。）💡更多典型场景解析场景一：历史与工程Thebridgewasbuiltin1990.

解析：无需提及建桥者，重点在于桥的建成时间，体现了“无必要说明执行者”的用法。场景二：日常事务Theletterwassentyesterdayafternoon.

解析：强调信件被寄出的状态和时间，而非寄信人是谁，突出了动作承受者。GrammarFocus：主动语态变被动语态01宾语升级为主语将主动句中动作的承受者（宾语），直接提升为被动句的主语，改变句子的话题重心。02谓语结构大变身主动谓语变为“be+动词过去分词(done)”。be动词的时态需与原句一致，且人称随新主语变化。03原主语“退居二线”原主语变为介词by的宾语，置于句末。若主语是泛指（如people）或不言自明时，可直接省略。🔵主动语态(ActiveVoice)People(主语)+speak(谓语)+English(宾语)inmanycountries.结构：动作发出者→动作→动作承受者🟢被动语态(PassiveVoice)English(主语)+isspoken(谓语)+bypeopleinmanycountries.结构：动作承受者(新主)→be+done→by+发出者GrammarTips语法口诀01核心结构金律被动语态be加done，时态变化be来动。

动词形式看主语，过去分词要记牢。02时态速查口诀一般现在am/is/are，一般过去was/were。

将来willbe加done，完成havebeen不能变。03否定疑问变法否定be后not加，疑问be往主语挪。

一般问句be句首，特殊疑问词先落。04主动变被动三步宾语提前变主语，谓语被动bedone。

原主变宾by来引，人称代词变宾格。

典例点拨ChineseSpringFestival______bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldthesedays.A.celebrateB.celebratedC.iscelebratedD.wascelebrated正确答案：C解析：主语ChineseSpringFestival和celebrate是被动关系，需使用被动语态；thesedays（如今）为一般现在时标志。一般现在时被动语态结构：am/is/are+过去分词，主语是单数，因此用iscelebrated。

典例点拨—WorldAnimalDayisonOctober4theveryyear.—Manyactivities______toimprovetherelationshipbetweenhumansandanimalsthisday.A.willholdB.isheldC.areheld正确答案：C解析：主语Manyactivities与hold构成被动关系，使用被动语态；everyyear说明是常态，用一般现在时。主语activities为复数，be动词选用are，故选areheld。

典例点拨Thispopularnovel______intoChinesenotlongafteritcameout.A.translatesB.istranslatedC.translatedD.wastranslated正确答案：D解析：novel和translate是被动关系；cameout（出版）为动词过去式，说明事情发生在过去，使用一般过去时被动语态。主语单数，选用wastranslated。

典例点拨—It’ssaidthepapermaking______intheEasternHanDynasty.—That’strue.Ithasalonghistory.A.isinventedB.inventedC.inventsD.wasinvented正确答案：D解析：papermaking（造纸术）和invent为被动关系；theEasternHanDynasty（东汉）是过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态，故选wasinvented。

典例点拨ItisbelievedthatwhenFu______upsidedown,happinessarrives.A.putB.isputC.puttingD.wasput正确答案：B解析：Fu（福字）和put是被动关系；这句话描述传统习俗，属于客观常识，使用一般现在时被动语态，主语单数，故选isput。Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4b1.Thetelephone______________(invent)byAlexanderBellin1876.2.Peopleallovertheworld______________(connect)toeachotherthroughtheinternet.3.Theword“robot”______________(introduce)forthefirsttimeinaplayin1920.4.Itwasn’tsupposedtomakesuchaloudnoisewhenthebutton____________(press)tostartthemachine.5.Itisbelievedthattheworld’soldestwheel______________(find)inEasternEurope.wasinventedareconnectedwasintroducedwaspressedwasfound01ThetelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderBellin1876.💡解析：一般过去时被动语态。标志词"in1876"明确指向过去的具体时间点，强调发明这一动作已在过去完成。02Peopleallovertheworldareconnectedviatheinternet.💡解析：一般现在时被动语态。描述的是当下客观存在的普遍状态，强调“被连接”这一持续的事实。03Theword"robot"wasintroducedina1920play.💡解析：一般过去时被动语态。"in1920"是典型的过去时间状语，表明“引入”这一动作发生在过去的特定时刻。04Itwasn'tsupposedtomakenoisewhenthebuttonwaspressed.💡解析：一般过去时被动语态。主句为过去时态（wasn'tsupposed），根据时态一致原则，从句也使用过去时。05Itisbelievedthattheworld'soldestwheelwasfoundinEasternEurope,datingbackto3500BC.💡解析：一般过去时被动语态。虽然主句是现在时（isbelieved），但从句描述的是发生在久远过去的历史事实（被发现），因此使用过去时被动。Checktheanswers.4bCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.MakeaprofileoftheQinghai-XizangRailway.4cTheQinghai–XizangRailwaywascompletedin2006.It______(connect)XiningtoLhasa,ahugedistanceof1,956kilometres,anditisthehighestrailwayintheworld,reaching5,072metresabovesealevelatTanggulaPass.Thebuildingoftherailwaywasagreatchallenge.Creativeideas______(need)tosolvedifferentproblems.Insummer,thetoplayerofthefrozengroundwouldmeltandbecometoosofttobuildon,sopipes______(use)tokeepthegroundhard.However,insomeplaces,itwasimpossibletobuildtherailwayoverthefrozenground,sotunnelshadto______(create)instead.Insomeotherplaces,bridges______(build)tokeeptherailwayupabovetheground.Thesebridgesareanimal-friendlyand______(allow)animalstopassunderthetracks.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.MakeaprofileoftheQinghai-XizangRailway.4cCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.MakeaprofileoftheQinghai-XizangRailway.4cAsanimportantandsuccessfulproject,therailwayhas______(increase)tourismandeconomicdevelopmentinthearea.Thelessonslearntandexperiencegainedfrombuildingthisrailwaywillhelp______(improve)transportinothersimilarplacesintheworld.Checktheanswers.4cTheQinghai–XizangRailwaywascompletedin2006.ItconnectsXiningtoLhasa,ahugedistanceof1,956kilometres,anditisthehighestrailwayintheworld,reaching5,072metresabovesealevelatTanggulaPass.Thebuildingoftherailwaywasagreatchallenge.Creativeideaswereneededtosolvedifferentproblems.Insummer,thetoplayerofthefrozengroundwouldmeltandbecometoosofttobuildon,sopipeswereusedtokeepthegroundhard.However,insomeplaces,itwasimpossibletobuildtherailwayoverthefrozenground,sotunnelshadtobecreatedinstead.Insomeotherplaces,bridgeswerebuilttokeeptherailwayupabovetheground.Thesebridgesareanimal-friendlyandallowanimalstopassunderthetracks.Asanimportantandsuccessfulproject,therailwayhasincreasedtourismandeconomicdevelopmentinthearea.Thelessonslearntandexperiencegainedfrombuildingthisrailwaywillhelp(to)improvetransportinothersimilarplacesintheworld.PairWork结对练习🎯任务目标MissionChooseafamousinventionanddiscussitwithyourpartner.FocusonusingthePASSIVEVOICE(be+done)todescribeitshistory,inventor,andusage./选择一项著名发明与同伴对话，重点使用被动语态描述其历史与用途。A:Doyouknowwhenthe_______wasinvented?(e.g.,telephone)B:Yes,itwasinventedin_______.Itwascreatedby_______.A:That’sagreatinvention!Whatisitmainlyusedforinourdailylife?B:Itisusedfor_______.Ithasmadeourlivesmuchmoreconvenient.A:Howdoyouthinkthisinventionhaschangedtheworldsincethen?B:Ithascompletelychangedthewaywe_______.Ican’timaginelifewithoutit!Telephone电话Computer电脑LightBulb灯泡TV电视机Car汽车Plane飞机GroupDiscussion小组讨论💡核心话题TopicWhatthingsinourclassroomaremadeof?Whataretheyusedfor?思考：我们教室里的物品是由什么材料制成的？它们分别有什么用途？📌句型结构SentencePatternsUsePassiveVoice(被动语态)todescribe:

①______ismadeof______(由...制成)

②______isusedfor______(被用来做...)01.TheDesk/课桌Q:Whatisitmadeof?

A:Itismadeofwoodormetal.02.TheWindow/窗户Q:Whatmaterial?

A:Itismadeofglass(usedforlight).03.TheBlackboard/黑板Q:Composition?

A:Itismadeofplastic/metal(forwriting).04.TheBook/书本Q:Material?

A:Itismadeofpaper(usedforreading).05.TheUniform/校服Q:Whatisitmadeof?

A:Itismadeofcloth/cotton(forwearing).👥GroupTask/小组任务1.Discussingroupsof4.

2.Chooseaspeakertoshareideas.句型转换01.改为被动语态原句：Peoplebuiltthishousein1990.改写：Thishouse____________in1990.02.对划线部分提问(LuXun)原句：ThebookwaswrittenbyLuXun.改写：____________thebookwrittenby?03.改为否定句原句：Theclassroomiscleanedeveryday.改写：Theclassroom____________________everyday.04.改为一般疑问句原句：Themachinewasinventedbyaworkerin1880.改写：______themachine__________byaworkerin1880?05.对划线部分提问(lastweek)原句：TheletterwassenttoAmericalastwee