2025-2026年广东省部编版初中英语下册第5单元课后练习题

2025-2026年广东省部编版初中英语下册第5单元课后练习题一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第5单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?A.Toadvertiseanewenvironmentalproduct.B.Todescribethebeautyofnature.C.Topersuadepeopletotakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.D.Tointroducefamousenvironmentalscientists.解析：本题考查单元主题理解。正确答案为C，因为全文通过描述环境问题（如污染、资源枯竭）和提出解决方案（如垃圾分类、节约用水），明确表达了呼吁读者行动的主题。选项A、B、D与文章核心内容不符，A是商业宣传，B是自然描写，D是人物介绍，均非文章主旨。2.Intheunit5readingpassage"HowtoStayHealthy?",whichsentencebestdescribestheauthor'sadviceondiet?A."Eatingfastfoodisgoodforyourhealthbecauseitisconvenient."B."Youshouldeatvegetablesandfruitseveryday."C."Drinkingsodaisbetterthandrinkingwater."D."Itdoesn'tmatterhowmuchyoueataslongasyouexercise."解析：正确答案为B，文章明确建议健康饮食应包含蔬菜水果。选项A错误，文章批判快餐不健康；C错误，强调水优于含糖饮料；D错误，强调饮食控制而非仅靠运动弥补。3.根据单元语法部分，选择正确的时态填空：Mybrother______(go)tothelibraryeverySunday.A.goesB.wentC.willgoD.hasgone解析：正确答案为A，此处描述每周固定动作，需用一般现在时。B是过去时，C是将来时，D是现在完成时，均不符合语境。4.完形填空中，填入空格最合适的词是：Theoldwoman______(live)inthisvillageforover50years.A.livedB.livesC.haslivedD.willlive解析：正确答案为C，现在完成进行时强调从过去持续至今的动作，符合描述长期居住的语境。A是过去时，B是一般现在时，D是将来时，均不合适。5.根据单元写作指导，选择合适的句型：Pleaserememberto______(turn)offthelightsbeforeleavingtheroom.A.turnB.turningC.turnedD.toturn解析：正确答案为A，remembertodosth意为“记得去做某事”，需用动词原形。6.在对话中，如何礼貌地拒绝邀请？根据单元5情景对话，选择最佳回答：A:"Wouldyouliketojoinmybirthdaypartythisweekend?"B.A."Yes,I'dloveto!"B."I'msorry,Ihavetostudy."C."Maybenexttime."D."Idon'tlikeparties."解析：正确答案为B，礼貌拒绝需说明原因并表达歉意，C、D过于直接，A是接受邀请。7.根据单元词汇部分，选择正确的词形：Thevolunteerteamisworkinghardto______(clean)thebeach.A.cleanB.cleansC.cleanedD.cleaning解析：正确答案为A，不定式toclean作目的状语，符合语法结构。8.在单元语法练习中，选择正确的被动语态：Thebook______(write)byafamousauthorlastyear.A.waswrittenB.wroteC.iswrittenD.hasbeenwritten解析：正确答案为A，描述过去发生的被动动作，需用一般过去时的被动语态。9.根据单元阅读理解，选择正确的推理判断：Thepassage"MyDreamJob"tellsusthattheauthor______.A.hatesworkingwithpeopleB.wantstobeateacherbecauseitiseasyC.thinksbeingadoctorneedstoomuchstudyD.isinterestedinbecominganurse解析：正确答案为D，文章描述作者对护士职业的向往（如帮助他人、稳定工作），排除A（文章强调团队合作）、B（未提轻松）、C（未提困难）。10.根据单元写作任务，选择合适的段落主题：Youarewritingalettertoapenpal.Whichtopicismostsuitable?A."Myfavoritemoviestar"B."HowIspendmyholidays"C."Therulesofourschool"D."Myfamily'svacation"解析：正确答案为B，书信写作常涉及个人生活，B符合初中生常见话题。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Pleasefinishyourhomework______(carefully).解析：正确答案为carefully，副词修饰动词finish，需用原形。2.Thechildren______(play)happilyintheparkwhenitrainedyesterday.解析：正确答案为played，一般过去时描述过去动作。3.Sheis______(busy)withherprojectthisweek.解析：正确答案为toobusy，too...todo结构。4.Wewillhaveameeting______(nextMonday).解析：正确答案为nextMonday，时间状语需用名词。5.Theteacheraskedus______(be)quietinthelibrary.解析：正确答案为tobe，asksbtodosth结构。6.Mysisterisgoodat______(play)thepiano.解析：正确答案为playing，begoodatdoingsth结构。7.They______(go)tothemuseumlastweekend.解析：正确答案went，一般过去时。8.Canyouhelpme______(carry)theseheavyboxes?解析：正确答案托运，情态动词后接动词原形。9.Thecatissleeping______(softly).解析：正确答案softly，副词修饰动词sleep。10.Iaminterestedin______(learn)English.解析：正确答案为learning，beinterestedindoingsth结构。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"onlygivessuggestions,notproblems.(×)解析：错误，文章既描述了污染等环境问题，也提出了减少塑料使用等解决方案。2.In"HowtoStayHealthy?",theauthorsuggestseatingjunkfoodthreetimesaweek.(×)解析：错误，文章明确反对垃圾食品，建议均衡饮食。3.Thesimplepresenttenseisusedtotalkabouthabitsorfacts.(√)解析：正确，符合一般现在时的典型用法。4."Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears"meansthesameas"IstartedlivingherefiveyearsagoandIstilllivehere."(√)解析：正确，现在完成时强调持续状态。5.Remembertodosomethingmeansyouforgottodoit.(×)解析：错误，remembertodo意为“记得去做某事”，强调未来动作。6.Itispolitetosay"Idon'tlikeyourgift"whenreceivingapresent.(×)解析：错误，应委婉表达感谢，直接拒绝不礼貌。7.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysusedinscientificarticles.(×)解析：错误，主动语态同样常见（如"Theexperimentshows..."）。8.Inthelettertoapenpal,youshouldwriteaboutyourfamily'svacation.(×)解析：错误，更适合写个人兴趣或日常活动，如学习、爱好。9.Thebookwaswrittenbyafamousauthorlastyearmeanstheauthorisstillalive.(×)解析：错误，过去时态仅说明写作时间，无法判断作者生死。10.Theunit5grammarfocusesonlyonthepresentperfecttense.(×)解析：错误，单元涵盖一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时等多种时态。四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"should"and"oughtto"inunit5.解析：-"Should"表示建议或责任，常用于正式场合（如医生建议），如"Youshoulddrinkmorewater."-"Oughtto"类似should，但语气更强，常用于法律或道德要求（如"Smokingoughttobebanned."）-区别：should更普遍，oughtto更强调义务。2.Howcanyouusethepresentperfecttensecorrectlyaccordingtotheunit?解析：-用于过去动作对现在的影响（如"Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?"）-表示从过去持续到现在的动作（如"Englandhashadmanykings."）-需与时间状语（already/yet/ever/never）或现在完成进行时（havebeendoing）搭配。3.Describethreewaystostayhealthymentionedinunit5.解析：-均衡饮食（多吃蔬菜水果，少吃垃圾食品）-规律运动（每天散步或跑步）-充足睡眠（每晚8小时）4.Whyisitimportanttowritealettertoapenpal?解析：-增加语言练习机会（提高写作和阅读能力）-了解不同文化（通过书信了解对方国家习俗）-建立友谊（拓展社交圈，结交国际朋友）五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Thestudentscleanedtheclassroomyesterday."解析：正确答案为"Theclassroomwascleanedbythestudentsyesterday."或"Theclassroomwascleanedyesterday."（省略by）2.Completethedialoguewithappropriatewords:A:"Whatareyoudoingnow?"B:"I______(study)formyEnglishtest."A:"______(yougo)tothelibrary?"B:"No,Iamathome."解析：正确答案为amstudying,Areyougoing，一般现在时和现在进行时。3.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish:他每天早上都骑自行车去上班。解析：正确答案为"Heridesabiketoworkeverymorning."（一般现在时描述习惯）4.Writeashortparagraph(5sentences)aboutyourfavoritehobbyusingatleastthreedifferentverbtenses.解析：正确答案示例：-IhavebeencollectingstampssinceIwasachild.-Iusuallyspendtwohoursaweekonmycollection.-Lastmonth,Iboughtararestampfromashop.-IwillattendastampexhibitionnextSaturday.-Stampshelpmelearnaboutdifferentcultures.【标准答案及解析】一、单选题1.C2.B3.A4.C5.A6.B7.A8.A9.D10.B解析示例：第1题，全文通过描述污染（"airpollution"，"waterp