主题22　农业发展、社会进步与科技发展

主题22农业发展、社会进步与科技发展主题概述本主题探讨科技创新对社会进步和农业发展的推动作用、人类文明的发展历程与未来趋势，旨在帮助学生深入了解科技发展的规律和影响、社会变革的驱动因素、农业发展的进程、人类面临的机遇与挑战，培养科学精神和创新思维能力，引导学生树立正确的科技观念和社会责任意识，形成积极的可持续发展理念和人类命运共同体意识对接教材人教版选择性必修第一册UNIT

2

LOOKING

INTO

THE

FUTURE；选择性必修第二册UNIT

1

SCIENCE

AND

SCIENTISTS外研版必修第三册UNIT

3

The

world

of

science；选择性必修第三册UNIT

4

A

glimpse

of

the

future译林版选择性必修第二册UNIT

4

Living

with

technology目录CONTENTS主题语基构建主题语基通关主题要点突破主题写作提能主题对接高考主题能力跃升主题语基构建子话题1农业发展与科技创新1.

irrigate

v.灌溉irrigation

n.灌溉2.

invent

v.发明invention

n.发明3.

innovate

v.创新innovation

n.创新；革新innovative

adj.创新的4.

breakthrough

n.突破；重大进展

主题单词6.

automation

n.自动化automatic

adj.自动的；无意识的automatically

adv.自动地；机械地；无意识地7.

device

n.设备；装置8.

equipment

n.设备；装备9.

machinery

n.（统称）机器10.

component

n.成分；零部件5.

technology

n.科技；工艺学；技术学technological

adj.技术的；技术上的technologically

adv.技术上地11.

patent

n.专利12.

principle

n.原理；原则13.

procedure

n.程序；步骤14.

track

v.跟踪；追踪n.轨道；车辙；小径；路线15.

boost

v.促进，推动n.增长16.

artificial

adj.人工的；人造的17.

AI＝artificial

intelligence人工智能18.

digital

adj.数码的；数字显示的19.

facial

adj.面部的20.

portable

adj.便于携带的；手提式的；轻便的22.

smartphone

n.智能手机23.

fridge

（＝refrigerator）

n.冰箱24.

printer

n.打印机；印刷工人；印刷商print

v.打印；刊登；印染；冲洗n.印刷字体；印记；

出版界25.

counter

n.计数器；柜台；对立面count

v.数数；计算总数；把……算入，包括；

认为，看作countless

adj.无数的，数不尽的21.

convenient

adj.方便的；便捷的conveniently

adv.方便地；便利地；合宜地convenience

n.方便，带来方便的事物，便利设施26.

confuse

v.使困惑；混淆confused

adj.感到困惑的confusing

adj.令人困惑的confusion

n.困惑；混淆27.

operate

v.操作；运转；做手术；经营operation

n.操作；运转；手术子话题2工业发展与能源1.

industry

n.工业；产业industrial

adj.工业的2.

power

n.电力；力量；威力powerful

adj.强大的；有力的3.

efficiency

n.效率efficient

adj.高效的4.

nuclear

adj.核能的5.

alternative

adj.可替代的n.替代品6.

power

plant/station发电厂7.

engine

n.引擎；发动机engineer

n.工程师v.设计；建造engineering

n.工程（学）8.

manufacture

v.制造9.

mass

production大规模生产10.

motor

n.马达；发动机11.

arrow

n.箭（头）12.

bomb

n.炸弹13.

radium

n.镭14.

cable

n.电缆；缆绳；有线电视；电报v.给……发电报；给……

安装有线电视15.

wire

n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网v.给……接上电线；打电报16.

circuit

n.电路；巡回（赛）；赛车道；环行（路线）17.

unit

n.单元；单位；装置；部件18.

simulate

vt.模拟；假装，冒充；模仿；

拟态simulation

n.模拟19.

virtual

adj.虚拟的20.

generate

v.产生（电、热等）21.

compass

n.罗盘，指南针子话题3科技影响与社会伦理1.

secure

adj.安全的securely

adv.安全地；牢固地；被妥善保管地；有把握地security

n.安全2.

safe

adj.安全的safety

n.安全；平安3.

impact

n.巨大影响；撞击；冲撞v.（对人或事物）有影响，有作

用；冲击4.

ethic

n.道德准则；伦理标准ethical

adj.伦理的；道德的5.

clone

n.&v.克隆6.

controversy

n.争议controversial

adj.有争议的7.

dilemma

n.困境；两难8.

double-edged

sword双刃剑9.

drawback

n.缺点；弊端10.

private

adj.私用的；个人的；隐私的privacy

n.隐私11.

replace

v.取代12.

side

effect副作用13.

genetic

engineering基因工程14.

standard

of

living生活水平15.

modify

vt.修改

主题短语1.

with

the

development

of

...

随着……的发展2.

speed

up

加速3.

benefit

from

从……中受益4.

cope

with

应对5.

keep

pace

with

与……保持同步6.

in

shape

状况良好7.

a

variety

of

各种各样的8.

let

alone

更不用说11.

keep

track

of

掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态12.

have

no

alternative

but

to

do

sth别无选择只能做某事9.

in

the

long

run

从长远来看10.

make

a

breakthrough

取得突破

主题语块1.

in

the

field

of

science

在科学领域2.

technological

advancement

技术进步3.

digital

transformation

数字化转型4.

sustainable

development

可持续发展5.

scientific

breakthrough

科学突破6.

innovation

and

creativity

创新与创造力7.

enhance

work

efficiency

提高工作效率8.

promote

social

progress

促进社会进步9.

foster

innovation

spirit

培养创新精神10.

drive

economic

growth

推动经济增长

主题佳句高考必背写作佳句1.

句型公式：the＋序数词＋n.＋to

do

sthWhen

it

comes

to

the

person

I

admire

most

in

history，

the

first

person

to

come

to

my

mind

is

Confucius.说到历史上我最崇拜的人，我第一个想到的人是孔子。2.

句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义To

us，

nothing

is

more

important

than

passing

on

kindness

to

those

in

trouble.

（主旨升华）对我们来说，没有什么比向身处困境中的人们传递善意更重要的了。主题语基通关基础知识巩固集训（一）默写训练Ⅰ.单词默写1.

n.原理；原则2.

n.程序；步骤3.

v.促进，推动n.增长4.

n.箭（头）5.

n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网v.给……接上电线；打电报6.

v.产生（电、热等）principle

procedure

boost

arrow

wire

generate

8.

n.&v.克隆9.

n.困境；两难10.

adj.可替代的clone

dilemma

alternative

7.

n.巨大影响；撞击；冲撞v.（对人或事物）有影响，

有作用；冲击impact

Ⅱ.派生单词默写1.

innovate

v.创新

n.创新；革新

adj.创新的2.

automation

n.自动化

adj.自动的；无意识的

adv.自动地；机械地；无意识地3.

convenient

adj.方便的；便捷的

adv.方便地；便利地；合宜地

n.方便，带来方便的事物，便利设施innovation

innovative

automatic

automatically

conveniently

convenience

4.

confuse

v.使困惑；混淆

adj.感到困惑的

adj.令人困惑的

n.困惑；混淆5.

industry

n.工业；产业

adj.工业的6.

simulate

vt.模拟；假装，冒充；模仿；拟态

n.模拟7.

safe

adj.安全的

n.安全；平安confused

confusing

confusion

industrial

simulation

safety

8.

ethic

n.道德准则；伦理标准

adj.伦理的；道德的9.

irrigate

v.灌溉

n.灌溉ethical

irrigation

Ⅲ.短语/语块默写1.

加速2.

应对3.

与……保持同步4.

状况良好5.

从长远来看6.

取得突破7.

掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态8.

在科学领域9.

技术进步10.

提高工作效率speed

up

cope

with

keep

pace

with

in

shape

in

the

long

run

make

a

breakthrough

keep

track

of

in

the

field

of

science

technological

advancement

enhance

work

efficiency

Ⅳ.主题佳句默写1.

When

it

comes

to

the

person

I

admire

most

in

history，

⁠

is

Confucius.说到历史上我最崇拜的人，我第一个想到的人是孔子。2.

To

us，

passing

on

kindness

to

those

in

trouble.对我们来说，没有什么比向身处困境中的人们传递善意更重要的了。the

first

person

to

come

to

my

mind

nothing

is

more

important

than

基础知识巩固集训（二）

语境运用Ⅰ.单词拼写1.

Scientists

achieved

a

major

（突破）

in

cancer

research

that

could

save

millions

of

lives.2.

The

school

has

purchased

new

laboratory

（设备）

to

improve

students’learning

experience.3.

The

police

used

advanced

technology

to

（跟踪）

the

suspect’s

movements

throughout

the

city.breakthrough

equipment

track

4.

Modern

smartphones

can

recognize

users

through

（面部的）

recognition

technology.5.

Electric

cars

will

gradually

（取代）

traditional

gasoline

vehicles

in

the

coming

decades.facial

replace

Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空1.

Thomas

Edison’s

（invent）

of

the

light

bulb

changed

the

way

people

live

and

work

forever.2.

Modern

technology

has

become

increasingly

（power）

in

preserving

and

sharing

cultural

heritage

around

the

world.3.

This

new

system

works

with

remarkable

（efficient）

and

can

process

thousands

of

documents

in

just

minutes.4.

The

museum

has

installed

advanced

（secure）

systems

to

protect

its

valuable

ancient

artifacts.5.

Many

people

are

concerned

about

their

（private）

when

sharing

personal

information

on

social

media

platforms.invention

powerful

efficiency

security

privacy

Ⅲ.完成句子1.

，

our

lives

have

become

more

convenient

and

efficient.随着人工智能技术的发展，我们的生活变得更加便利和高效。2.

Students

can

to

access

more

high-quality

learning

resources.学生们可以从在线教育平台中受益，获得更多优质的学习资源。3.

Modern

technology

⁠

to

stay

connected.现代科技为我们提供了各种各样的通讯方式来保持联系。With

the

development

of

artificial

intelligence

technology

benefit

from

online

education

platforms

provides

us

with

a

variety

of

communication

methods

4.

Facing

the

rapidly

changing

digital

era，

we

⁠

⁠.面对快速变化的数字时代，我们别无选择只能不断学习新技能。have

no

alternative

but

to

continuously

learn

new

skills

主题要点突破

track

v.跟踪；追踪n.轨道；车辙；小径；路线练通

单句语法填空①Scientists

are

keeping

track

the

restoration

progress

of

ancient

artifacts

using

advanced

monitoring

systems.②The

hiking

trail

was

difficult

to

follow，

but

we

managed

to

stay

track

throughout

the

journey.of

on

写美

微写作③I

realized

I

⁠

⁠.我意识到我忽略了我们关系中真正重要的东西。had

lost

track

of

what

really

mattered

in

our

relationship

用法keep

track

of

跟踪；了解……的动态lose

track

of

失去联系；忘记on

track

在正轨上track

down

追查到佳句

The

moment

I

lost

track

of

time

while

reading

his

story，

I

knew

his

words

had

touched

something

deep

within

me.

（情感描写）当我读他的故事忘记了时间的那一刻，我知道他的话触动了我内心深

处的某些东西。

convenient

adj.方便的；便捷的→conveniently

adv.方便地；便利

地；合宜地→convenience

n.方便，带来方便的事物，便利设施练通

单句语法填空①It’s

convenient

for

tourists

（access）

information

about

cultural

sites

through

mobile

apps.②The

museum

is

（convenient）

located

near

the

subway

station，

making

it

easily

accessible.③Online

platforms

provide

great

（convenient）

for

people

to

learn

about

traditional

crafts

from

home.to

access

conveniently

convenience

写美

翻译句子④请在截止日期前，您方便的时候发送给我。如果您方便的话，我们

可以抽空聊一下，请告诉我。

⁠

⁠Please

send

it

at

your

convenience

before

then.If

it

is

convenient

for

you

to

have

a

quick

chat

about

it，

please

let

me

know.用法for

convenience

为了方便at

your

convenience

在您方便的时候It

is

convenient

for

sb

to

do

sth

某人方便做某事佳句

①China

has

made

significant

progress

in

this

field，

making

it

more

convenient

for

people

to

travel.中国在这一领域取得了重大进展，使人们的出行更加方便。②I

really

like

the

idea

of

adding

“Fun

at

my

school”

because

it’s

convenient

for

students

to

share

their

daily

experiences.我非常喜欢增加“校园趣事”这个想法，因为学生分享日常经历

很方便。

count

v.数数；计算总数；把……算入，包括；认为，看作

→countless

adj.无数的，数不尽的练通

单句语法填空①The

archaeologists

are

counting

advanced

technology

to

help

them

uncover

more

historical

secrets.②There

are

（count）

traditional

festivals

around

the

world

that

deserve

our

protection.on

countless

写美

微写作③

，

and

I

shouldn’t

have

let

my

pride

get

in

the

way.与家人在一起的每一刻都很珍贵，我不应该让自己的骄傲阻挡亲情。Every

moment

with

family

counts

用法count

on

依靠；指望count

...as

算作；认为是count

in

把……算入count

out

排除；不包括佳句

In

times

of

family

conflict，

we

must

remember

that

every

relationship

counts

and

deserves

our

effort.（家庭关系）在家庭冲突时，我们必须记住每一份关系都很重要，都值得我们

努力。积累

countless

opportunities无数的机会every

second

counts分秒必争

confuse

v.使困惑；混淆→confused

adj.感到困惑的→confusing

adj.令人困惑的→confusion

n.困惑；混淆练通

单句语法填空①Many

students

feel

（confuse）

about

the

differences

between

tangible

and

intangible

cultural

heritage.②Don’t

confuse

traditional

culture

outdated

customs—they

are

completely

different

concepts.confused

with

写美

微写作③

as

I

realized

the

importance

of

family

bonds

over

personal

pride.当我意识到家庭纽带比个人骄傲更重要时，我心中的困惑逐渐消

散了。The

confusion

in

my

heart

gradually

cleared

用法confuse

A

with

B

把A与B混淆be

confused

about

对……感到困惑clear

up

confusion

消除困惑佳句

Family

misunderstandings

often

arise

from

confusion

about

each

other’s

true

intentions

and

feelings.

（家庭关系）家庭误解往往源于对彼此真实意图和感受的困惑。积累

cause

confusion造成混乱avoid

confusion避免混淆confusing

situation令人困惑的情况

power

n.电力；力量；威力v.驱动；推动adj.电力的；电动的

→powerful

adj.强大的；有力的练通

单句语法填空①Technology

has

the

power

（bring）

ancient

civilizations

back

to

life

through

virtual

reality.②Social

media

platforms

are

（power）

tools

for

promoting

traditional

cultural

practices

globally.③Artificial

intelligence

is

（power）

by

advanced

algorithms

that

can

analyze

cultural

patterns.to

bring

powerful

powered

写美

翻译句子④宽恕的力量能够治愈我们之间的创伤，恢复我们的家庭纽带。

（家庭关系）

⁠

⁠The

power

of

forgiveness

could

heal

the

wounds

between

us

and

restore

our

family

bond.用法have

the

power

to

do

有能力做come

to

power

上台；掌权power

up

启动佳句

The

powerful

bond

between

family

members

can

overcome

any

misunderstanding

with

patience

and

understanding.

（家庭关系）家庭成员之间的强大纽带能够通过耐心和理解克服任何误解。积累

processing

power处理能力powerful

impact深远影响power

of

technology科技的力量renewable

power可再生能源

alternative

adj.可替代的n.替代品；选择练通

单句语法填空①With

all

other

routes

blocked

by

snow，

we

had

no

alternative

but

⁠

（turn）

back.②Solar

power

provides

a

clean

alternative

traditional

energy

sources

for

heritage

site

maintenance.to

turn

to

写美

微写作③I’m

writing

to

inquire

about

the

progress

of

⁠

for

the

sports

article.我写信是想询问您提到的有关体育文章的替代方案的进展情况。the

alternative

approaches

you

mentioned

用法alternative

to

替代……的选择have

no

alternative

but

to

do

别无选择只能alternative

solution

替代解决方案佳句

When

face-to-face

communication

fails，

written

expression

can

serve

as

an

effective

alternative

for

resolving

conflicts.当面对面沟通失

败时，书面表达可以作为解决冲突的一种有效替代方式。积累

eco-friendly

alternative环保替代品alternative

energy替代能源alternative

approach替代方法

replace

v.取代练通

单句语法填空①After

the

renowned

master

potter

retired，

his

most

talented

apprentice

replaced

him

the

head

of

the

workshop.as

写美

微写作②I

hope

this

sincere

gesture

can

⁠

⁠.我希望这个真诚的举动能够用理解和爱来取代我们之间的紧张关系。replace

the

tension

between

us

with

understanding

and

love

用法replace

A

with

B

用B替代Areplace

sb

as

接替某人担任be

replaced

by

被……取代佳句

No

amount

of

pride

should

replace

the

importance

of

family

relationships

and

mutual

understanding.

（家庭关系）任何骄傲都不应该取代家庭关系和相互理解的重要性。

let

alone

更不用说练通

单句语法填空①Many

traditional

crafts

are

at

risk

of

disappearing.When

experts

saw

the

damage，

they

let

a

deep

sigh.out

写美

微写作②Many

students

find

it

difficult

to

understand

the

profound

cultural

significance，

⁠.许多学生发现理解深厚文化意义很困难，更不用说欣赏它们在现代社

会的真正价值了。let

alone

appreciate

their

true

value

in

modern

society

用法let

down

使失望；辜负let

out

放出；泄露；发出（声音）let

go

放开；释放；解雇let

in

让……进入；允许佳句

The

cultural

heritage

is

so

fragile

that

it

cannot

withstand

any

more

damage，

let

alone

survive

another

natural

disaster.这份文化遗产如此脆弱，无法承受更多损坏，更不用说再经历一次自

然灾害了。

写作靓词——读后续写小妙招pour

vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）vi.倾泻；涌入；流动佳句背诵

After

the

rain

stopped，

children

poured

into

the

park，

laughing

and

chasing

each

other.

（场景描写）雨停后，孩子们涌进公园，笑着互相追逐。靓句写作

，

I

hugged

my

brother

tightly，

unable

to

say

a

word.

（情感描写）泪水从他的脸颊流下，我紧紧地抱住哥哥，一句话也说不出来。With

tears

pouring

down

his

cheeks

敲黑板

①pour

with

rain

下着瓢泼大雨②pour

out

one’s

sadness

倾诉悲伤/烦恼③pour

into/out

of

the

classroom

涌入/涌出教室④with

tears/sweat

pouring

down

one’s

cheeks泪水/汗水顺着脸颊流下写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写

句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋to

do

sth点拨该句型用于强调“第几个做某事的人/事物”，序数词表示顺序

的先后，后面接名词和不定式作定语，突出某人在某个特定顺序中的

位置或某事物在序列中的排位。背诵

This

researcher

is

the

fifth

person

in

the

team

to

successfully

repeat

this

groundbreaking

experiment.这位研究员是团队中第五个成功重复这一突破性实验的人。仿写

①中国是第三个实现独立载人航天的国家，这标志着其太空计划取得

了巨大飞跃。China

was

the

third

country

⁠

，

marking

a

giant

leap

for

its

space

program.②我们是本学期第一批使用新人工智能实验室的学生。We

are

the

first

group

of

students

this

semester.to

achieve

independent

human

spaceflight

to

use

the

new

AI

laboratory

句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义点拨

“no＋比较级”或“never＋比较级”结构可以表达最高级的含

义，通过否定相反的情况来加强语气，使表达更加生动有力，常用于

强调某种品质的极致程度。背诵

The

application

prospects

for

this

new

technology

couldn’t

be

better，

as

it

promises

to

revolutionize

multiple

industries.这项新技术的应用前景再好不过了，它有望彻底变革多个行业。仿写

①在科学研究中，没有什么比基于错误数据得出的结论更危险的了。In

scientific

research，

nothing

a

conclusion

based

on

faulty

data.②对人工智能伦理进行深思熟虑的讨论在当今社会显得尤为重要。Thoughtful

discussion

on

AI

ethics

in

today’s

society.is

more

dangerous

than

has

never

been

more

important

Ⅰ.多义词汇赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思1.

trackA.

v.跟踪；追踪B.n.轨道；车辙

C.

n.小径 D.n.路线①This

hiking

track

offers

the

most

scenic

views

of

the

entire

national

park.

⁠②The

high-speed

train

runs

on

specially

designed

tracks

for

safety.

⁠D

B

③We

followed

a

narrow

mountain

track

to

reach

the

remote

village.

⁠④The

hunter

tracked

the

deer

through

the

forest.

⁠C

A

A.

v.跟踪；追踪B.n.轨道；车辙

C.

n.小径 D.n.路线2.

countA.

v.数数 B.v.计算总数C.

v.把……算入，包括 D.v.认为，看作①When

we

calculate

the

total

cost，

we

must

count

all

the

additional

expenses.

⁠②Please

count

how

many

students

are

present

in

the

classroom.

⁠③The

little

girl

is

learning

to

count

from

one

to

one

hundred.

⁠④I

count

myself

fortunate

to

have

such

supportive

friends

in

my

life.

⁠C

B

A

D

3.

printA.

v.打印B.v.刊登C.

n.印刷字体 D.n.出版界①The

small

print

in

the

contract

is

difficult

to

read

without

glasses.

⁠②Could

you

please

print

this

document

for

the

meeting

this

afternoon？

⁠③Her

latest

novel

has

made

quite

an

impact

in

the

literary

print.

⁠④The

local

newspaper

will

print

my

article

about

cultural

preservation

next

week.

⁠C

A

D

B

4.

counter

A.

n.计数器 B.n.柜台C.

n.对立面①The

website

has

a

visitor

counter

that

shows

how

many

people

have

viewed

the

page.

⁠②Her

optimistic

attitude

served

as

a

perfect

counter

to

his

constant

pessimism.

⁠③The

shopper

works

behind

the

counter

at

the

local

store.

⁠A

C

B

Ⅱ.构词法构词法前缀super-：表示“超级，在上”写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义1.

（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）As

we

soon

come

to

learn

from

AI

by

Design，

AI

is

already

super-smart

and

will

become

more

capable，

moving

from

the

current

generation

of

“narrow-AI”

to

Artificial

General

Intelligence.

⁠adj.超智能的

2.

Most

kids

want

superheroes，

sports

team

logos

or

princesses，

while

babies

often

receive

scenes

with

flowers，

trees

and

sea

creatures.

⁠3.

Many

people

believe

in

supernatural

spirits

that

have

magical

powers

beyond.

⁠4.

The

construction

supervisor

checks

that

workers

follow

all

safety

rules

carefully.

⁠5.

The

university

bought

a

powerful

supercomputer

to

solve

complex

scientific

problems.

⁠6.

The

forest

was

said

to

have

supernatural

creatures

living

among

trees.

⁠n.超级英雄

adj.超自然的

n.监督员

n.超级计算机

adj.超自然的

主题写作提能

应用文写作（发言稿——中国交通发展）

根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。

（2024·全国甲卷改编）英语课要求做课堂展示，请你根据所给