2026年英语基础知识专项训练及解析

2026年英语基础知识专项训练及解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、词汇运用（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）1.WhenIsawtheoldphoto,it________manymemoriesofmychildhood.A.broughtbackB.tookawayC.gaveupD.putoff2.Mysisterisvery________toanimals;sheneverhurtsthem.A.cruelB.kindC.nervousD.angry3.Theweatherreportsaysitwill________tomorrow,sodon’tforgetyourumbrella.A.rainB.sunnyC.cloudD.wind4.He________hishomeworkyet.Isawhimplayingbasketballjustnow.A.hasn’tfinishedB.didn’tfinishC.won’tfinishD.doesn’tfinish5.Thisbookistoodifficultforme.Canyourecommenda________one?A.easierB.moredifficultC.easiestD.mostdifficult6.I________Englishforfiveyears,andIcanspeakitfluentlynow.A.learnB.learnedC.havelearnedD.amlearning7.Theteacheraskedus________inclass.A.nottotalkB.don’ttalkC.nottalkingD.nottalk8.Sheisverytired;sheneeds________agoodrest.A.haveB.tohaveC.havingD.had9.________interestingstorytheteachertoldusyesterday!A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan10.Myparentsalwaysencourageme________mybestineveryexam.A.todoB.doC.doingD.does11.Theoldmanlives________,butheneverfeelslonely.A.aloneB.lonelyC.happilyD.friendly12.I’msorry,I________yournamejustnow.Couldyousayitagain?A.forgotB.haveforgottenC.willforgetD.wasforgetting13.Thisis________bookIlostlastweek.Thankyouforfindingit.A.aB.anC.theD./14.Sheis________girlinourclass;everyonelikesher.A.popularB.morepopularC.themostpopularD.mostpopular15.Wemustbecareful________thestreetwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.tocrossB.crossC.crossingD.crossed16.He________thebusandrantoschoolbecausehewaslate.A.missedB.catchesC.willmissD.hasmissed17.________youhelpmewiththismathproblem?Ireallydon’tunderstandit.A.CanB.MustC.ShouldD.Need18.Thesoupistoosalty.Couldyouadd________salt?A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle19.Ienjoy________musicwhiledoingmyhomework.A.listentoB.listeningtoC.hearD.hearing20.Theyarrivedattheairport________timetocatchtheflight.A.atB.inC.onD.to二、语法选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）21.________isyourfavoritesubject?A.WhatB.WhereC.WhenD.Why22.Myfather________newspaperseverymorningafterbreakfast.A.readsB.readC.isreadingD.hasread23.Thispairofshoes________verycomfortable.Iwanttobuyit.A.isB.areC.feelD.feels24.Sheaskedme________Icouldfinishtheworkontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.where25.It’srainingoutside.You’dbetter________anumbrellawithyou.A.takeB.totakeC.takingD.took26.Theclassroom________everydayafterschool.A.cleansB.iscleanedC.cleanedD.wascleaned27.I________mykeysyesterday.Ihadtocallmymomforhelp.A.loseB.lostC.havelostD.waslosing28.________interestingthemovieis!Iwanttowatchitagain.A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan29.Heisnotoldenough________acarbyhimself.A.driveB.drivingC.todriveD.drove30.BothTomandJack________goodatplayingbasketball.A.isB.areC.amD.be31.I________tothelibrarytomorrow.Couldyougowithme?A.goB.wentC.willgoD.havegone32.There________ameetingnextMonday.Pleasedon’tmakeanyplans.A.isgoingtohaveB.isgoingtobeC.willhaveD.has33.She________herhomeworkwhenherfriendcalledher.A.didB.wasdoingC.doesD.isdoing34.Thisisthebook________Iborrowedfromthelibrarylastweek.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.where35.It’sverykind________youtohelpmewithmyproject.A.forB.ofC.toD.with三、句子结构（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）36.找出句子的主语：Thelittlegirlwithredhairissingingabeautifulsong.___________________________37.将下列句子改为否定句：Theylikeplayingbasketballafterschool._________________________________________________________38.将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答：ShecanspeakFrenchfluently._________________________________________________________39.将下列句子改为被动语态：Thestudentscleantheclassroomeveryday._________________________________________________________40.合并两个句子为一句（使用连词"but"）：Hewastired.Hekeptworking._________________________________________________________41.将下列句子改为同义句：Heisverytall.Heis___________________________tall.(使用"so")42.将下列单词排序成正确的句子：//always/I/homework/my/do/evening/in/the_________________________________________________________43.找出句子的谓语动词：MybrotheriswatchingTVinthelivingroom.___________________________44.将下列句子改为复数形式：Thisboxisfullofbooks._________________________________________________________45.将下列句子改为感叹句：Theviewisamazing!_________________________________________________________四、基础阅读（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。LastSunday,Tomwenttothecountrysidewithhisfamily.Theydrovetoasmallvillageabout30kilometersawayfromthecity.Thevillagewasquietandbeautiful,withgreenmountainsandclearrivers.Inthemorning,theyvisitedanoldfarmer’shouse.Thefarmershowedthemaroundhisfarmandtaughtthemhowtopickapples.Tompickedmanyredapplesandfeltveryhappy.Intheafternoon,theyhadapicnicbytheriver.Theyatesandwiches,fruits,anddranksomejuice.Tom’sfathertooksomephotosofthem.Whenthesunbegantoset,theydrovebackhome.Althoughtheyweretired,theyallhadawonderfulday.46.WheredidTomgolastSunday?A.ToabigcityB.ToasmallvillageC.ToamountainD.Toabeach47.WhatdidTomdointhemorning?A.HeswamintheriverB.HepickedapplesC.HetookphotosD.Hehadapicnic48.Howdidtheyfeelwhentheywentbackhome?A.VerytiredB.VeryboredC.VeryexcitedD.Veryhungry49.WhatdidTom’sfatherdoduringthepicnic?A.HecookedthefoodB.HetaughtthemtoswimC.HetooksomephotosD.Hepickedapples50.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Tom’sfamilyhadapicnicinthecityB.TomlearnedhowtofarmfromanoldfarmerC.Tom’sfamilyhadawonderfuldayinthecountrysideD.Thecountrysideismorebeautifulthanthecity试卷答案一、词汇运用1.答案:A解析:"broughtback"意思是“唤起”，符合上下文“唤起记忆”；"tookaway"意思是“拿走”，"gaveup"意思是“放弃”，"putoff"意思是“推迟”，均不符合语境。2.答案:B解析:"kind"意思是“善良的”，符合语境“对动物善良”；"cruel"意思是“残忍的”，"nervous"意思是“紧张的”，"angry"意思是“愤怒的”，均与语境相反。3.答案:A解析:"rain"意思是“下雨”，符合上下文“下雨”；"sunny"是形容词，不能直接作谓语；"cloud"是名词，"wind"是名词，均不符合语法结构。4.答案:A解析:"hasn'tfinished"现在完成时，强调动作未完成，符合上下文“还没完成”；"didn'tfinish"一般过去时，表示过去动作完成，与“justnow”矛盾；"won'tfinish"一般将来时，"doesn'tfinish"一般现在时，均不符合语境。5.答案:A解析:"easier"比较级，符合上下文“更容易的”；"moredifficult"最高级，"easiest"最高级，"mostdifficult"最高级，均不符合“更简单”的比较级要求。6.答案:C解析:"havelearned"现在完成时，表示从过去开始持续的动作，符合“学了五年”；"learn"一般现在时，"learned"一般过去时，"amlearning"现在进行时，均不符合“持续至今”的语境。7.答案:A解析:"nottotalk"不定式否定形式，符合“要求我们不要说话”；"don’ttalk"一般现在时否定，"nottalking"动名词否定，"nottalk"不定式错误形式，均不符合语法规则。8.答案:B解析:"tohave"不定式，符合“需要休息”；"have"原形，"having"动名词，"had"过去式，均不符合“需要做某事”的固定搭配。9.答案:B解析:"Whatan"感叹句结构，修饰“interestingstory”单数可数名词；"What"不可数名词或复数名词，"How"形容词/副词，"Howan"错误结构，均不符合语法规则。10.答案:A解析:"todo"不定式，符合“鼓励我尽力”；"do"原形，"doing"动名词，"does"第三人称单数，均不符合“鼓励做某事”的固定搭配。11.答案:A解析:"alone"副词，表示“独自地”，符合语境“独自生活”；"lonely"形容词，表示“孤独的"，"happily"副词，"friendly"形容词，均不符合“独自”的语境。12.答案:A解析:"forgot"一般过去时，表示“刚才忘记”，符合上下文“刚才”；"haveforgotten"现在完成时，"willforget"一般将来时，"wasforgetting"过去进行时，均不符合“刚才”的过去动作。13.答案:C解析:"the"定冠词，表示特指“我丢的那本书”，符合上下文；"a"不定冠词，"an"不定冠词，"/"零冠词，均不符合特指语境。14.答案:C解析:"themostpopular"最高级，表示“最受欢迎的”，符合“在班里”；"popular"原级，"morepopular"比较级，"mostpopular"最高级，均不符合“最”的最高级要求。15.答案:A解析:"tocross"不定式，表示“过街”，符合“小心过街”；"cross"原形，"crossing"动名词，"crossed"过去式，均不符合“小心做某事”的固定搭配。16.答案:A解析:"missed"一般过去时，表示“错过”，符合上下文“错过公交车”；"catches"一般现在时，"willmiss"一般将来时，"hasmissed"现在完成时，均不符合“昨天”的过去动作。17.答案:A解析:"Can"情态动词，表示“能否”，符合请求帮助；"Must"必须，"Should"应该，"Need"需要，均不符合“能否请求”的语境。18.答案:D解析:"alittle"少量修饰不可数名词“salt”，符合“加一点盐”；"few"修饰可数名词，"afew"少量修饰可数名词，"little"少量修饰不可数名词，均不符合“一点”的语境。19.答案:B解析:"listeningto"动名词，表示“听音乐”，符合“享受听音乐”；"listento"原形，"hear"原形，"hearing"动名词，均不符合“享受做某事”的固定搭配。20.答案:C解析:"ontime"固定搭配，表示“准时”，符合“赶上航班”；"at"时间点，"in"一段时间，"to"方向，均不符合“准时”的固定搭配。二、语法选择21.答案:A解析:"What"疑问词，询问“什么”，符合“最喜欢的科目”；"Where"地点，"When"时间，"Why"原因，均不符合询问内容的语境。22.答案:A解析:"reads"一般现在时，表示习惯动作“读报纸”，符合“每天早上”；"read"一般过去时，"isreading"现在进行时，"hasread"现在完成时，均不符合“每天习惯”的语境。23.答案:D解析:"feels"系动词，表示“感觉”，符合“鞋子很舒服”；"is"系动词，"are"复数主语，"feel"原形，均不符合主语“pairofshoes”单数概念。24.答案:B解析:"if"是否引导宾语从句，符合“问她是否能完成”；"that"无意义，"when"时间，"where"地点，均不符合“是否”的语境。25.答案:A解析:"take"原形，情态动词后接原形，符合“最好带伞”；"totake"不定式，"taking"动名词，"took"过去式，均不符合情态动词后接原形的规则。26.答案:B解析:"iscleaned"一般现在时被动语态，表示“教室被打扫”，符合“每天”；"cleans"主动语态，"cleaned"一般过去时，"wascleaned"过去时被动语态，均不符合“每天”的现在语境。27.答案:B解析:"lost"一般过去时，表示“昨天丢了”，符合上下文；"lose"原形，"havelost"现在完成时，"waslosing"过去进行时，均不符合“昨天”的过去动作。28.答案:A解析:"What"感叹句结构，修饰形容词“interesting”；"Whatan"单数可数名词，"How"形容词/副词，"Howan"错误结构，均不符合“多么有趣”的感叹句规则。29.答案:C解析:"todrive"不定式，表示“开车”，符合“足够大开车”；"drive"原形，"driving"动名词，"drove"过去式，均不符合“足够大做某事”的固定搭配。30.答案:B解析:"are"复数主语“BothTomandJack”的系动词，符合“擅长打篮球”；"is"单数，"am"第一人称，"be"原形，均不符合复数主语。31.答案:C解析:"willgo"一般将来时，表示“明天去图书馆”，符合上下文；"go"原形，"went"一般过去时，"havegone"现在完成时，均不符合“明天”的将来语境。32.答案:B解析:"isgoingtobe"一般将来时被动语态，表示“将有会议”，符合“下周一”；"isgoingtohave"主动语态，"willhave"一般将来时，"has"现在时，均不符合“有会议”的被动语境。33.答案:B解析:"wasdoing"过去进行时，表示“正在做作业”，符合“朋友打电话时”；"did"一般过去时，"does"一般现在时，"isdoing"现在进行时，均不符合“过去某时正在做”的语境。34.答案:C解析:"which"关系代词，指物引导定语从句，符合“这本书”；"who"指人，"whom"指人宾语，"where"地点，均不符合指物语境。35.答案:B解析:"of"介词，固定搭配“kindofyou”，表示“你很善良”；"for"为，"to"给，"with"用，均不符合“kindof”的固定搭配。三、句子结构36.答案:Thelittlegirlwithredhair解析:主语是句子的执行者，这里是“那个红发小女孩”，短语“withredhair”是定语修饰主语。37.答案:Theydon’tlikeplayingbasketballafterschool./Theydonotlikeplayingbasketballafterschool.解析:否定句在一般现在时中，加“don’t”或“do