外研版英语必修第二册　Unit 6　Earth first 教师用书

必修第二册Unit6EarthfirstⅠ.阅读单词——会意1．sharkn．鲨(鱼)2．finv．切去(鱼的)鳍n．鱼鳍3．bulbn．灯泡4．renewableadj.(能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的5．carbonn．碳6．greenhousen．温室，暖房7．reusableadj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的8．brochuren．小册子9．solaradj.利用太阳光(能)的10．stand-byadj.备用的11．moden．(机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式12．appliancen．家用电器，家用器具13．plugn．(电)插头v．堵；塞；宣传14．litren．升，公升15．smogn．烟雾，雾霾Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形1．divev．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水；迅速将手伸入2．targetv．把……作为目标n．靶子；目标3．attituden．(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度4．oceann．海洋，大海5．highlightv．使……突出，使注意力集中于；强调n．高潮，最精彩的部分6．staffn．员工7．damagev．破损，损害，损伤n．损失，损害8．droughtn．旱灾，干旱9．floodn．洪水，水灾v．涌入；淹没；泛滥10．supplyn．(煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统)；供给，补给v．供应11．falseadj.不正确的；错误的；假的；人造的12．releasev．松开，放开；释放，排放；发行，发表13．severeadj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的14．lecturen．(尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课；演讲；教训vi.(开)讲座；演讲vt.训斥15．amountn．数量，数额vi.(to)(数值)达到，合计16．devicen．设备，仪器，装置；手段，策略，方法17．leakv．(使)漏，(使)渗漏；泄露18．campaignn．(宣传)活动19．canteenn．(工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅20．averageadj.平均(数)的；正常的，普通的n．平均数；平均水平v．平均为，计算出……的平均数21．sliden．幻灯片v．(slid，slid)滑动；贬值；衰落Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．scarev．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→scaredadj.感到害怕的，恐惧的→scaryadj.恐怖的，吓人的2．fortunatelyadv.幸运地→fortunateadj.幸运的→unfortunateadj.不幸的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地→fortunen．运气；财富→misfortunen．不幸3．huntingn．打猎，狩猎→huntvt.打猎，猎取→huntern．猎人，捕猎者4．fogn．雾→foggyadj.多雾的5．electricityn．电→electricadj.电的；带电的→electricaladj.电气科学的；与电有关的→electronicadj.电子的6．concernedadj.焦急的，担心的；关心的→concernv．(使)担忧；涉及；与……有关n．担忧；担心→concerningprep.关于；就……而言7．devotev．致力，献身，倾注→devotedadj.挚爱的；投入的；献身的→devotionn．致力；献身；奉献8．presentationn．报告；(观点的)陈述，说明；介绍；展示→presentvt.颁发；出示；赠送；提交，提呈n．礼物adj.现在的，目前的；出席的9．reserven．(野生生物)保护区v.保留，保存，储备；预订→reservationn．保留，保护；(房间、座位等的)预订→reservedadj.含蓄的，内敛的10．adoptv．采取(某种方法)；采纳；收养，领养→adoptedadj.收养的→adoptionn．收养；采纳11．reducev．减少，降低；使沦落→reductionn．缩减，减少12．contributev．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献；撰稿→contributionn．捐献；贡献→contributorn．捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素13．extinctionn．灭绝，绝种→extinctadj.灭绝的14．infectionn．感染，传染病→infectv．传染→infectiousadj.传染的15．permissionn．允许，许可；许可证→permitv．允许；使有可能n．许可证16．crueltyn．残忍，残酷，残暴→crueladj.残忍的→cruellyadv.残忍地17.majorityn．多数；大多数(人或物)→majoradj.主要的vi.主修n．主修课程；主修学生18．sustainableadj.可持续的，不破坏环境的→sustainv．维持，保持；支撑；承受；遭受→unsustainableadj.不能持续的；无法维持的19．establishv．建立，设立→establishmentn．建立；创立20．affectv．影响；使感动；使感染(疾病)→affectionn．喜爱；钟爱21．restorev．使恢复→restorationn．恢复；修复22．removev．移走，搬走；去掉/除掉(污渍等)；脱掉(衣服)；开除→removaln．移走，移去，消除23．urgen．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.竭力主张；强烈要求，敦促→urgentadj.紧急的，急迫的→urgencyn．紧急；急迫积累——构词法学一法会一类后缀-al/-cy1．后缀-al加在动词后面构成名词，意为“人、物、过程或状态”。如果基础单词以e结尾则必须去掉e后加al，如arrival(到达，到达的人)＝arriv(e)＋al，refusal(拒绝)＝refus(e)＋al；如果基础单词以“辅音字母＋y”结尾则须把y变i再加al，如bury→burial；除以上两种特殊方式外其他一般直接加al变成对应的名词，如withdraw→withdrawal(收回，撤回)。2．后缀-cy是表示抽象名词的后缀，也作-acy，意思是“性质，状态，条件，等级或地位”。如bankruptcy(破产)＝bankrupt(破产的)＋cy。(1)Itookthecaroutforatrial(try)ontheroads.(2)Theadequacy(adequate)ofthesecurityarrangementshasbeenquestioned.(3)Theywilldiscussthepossiblerenewal(renew)ofdiplomaticrelations.(4)Theaverageresponsetimetoemergency(emergent)callswas9minutes.(5)Analyzethedifferentreactionofdifferentaspects，andthenprovethesupposal(suppose)ofthistheory.(6)Atrulyeleganttasteisgenerallyaccompaniedwithexcellency(excellent)ofheart.Ⅳ.背核心短语1．dueto由于，因为2．oaccount把……考虑进去3．bescared/frightened/afraidof害怕……4．cut...off把……切断5．haveaneffectupon/on对……有影响6．see...as把……看作7．mistake...for...把……误当作……8．takesteps采取措施9．betargetedat针对；以……为目标10．remove...from...从……中移除Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea，afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.(形容词短语作状语)由于害怕遇到电影里描述的这种可怕生物，有些人再也不去海里游泳了。2．In1980，Benchleywasdivingwhenhecameacrossanawfulsight.(bedoing...when...)在1980年，本奇利在潜水的时候看到可怕的一幕。3．Today，aswelearnmoreaboutsharks，morepeoplethaneverwanttoprotectthemfromextinction.(as引导时间状语从句)时至今日，随着我们对鲨鱼的了解加深，越来越多的人愿意去保护它们免遭灭绝。4．Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown，butmuchlesstimeforpaper.(Ittakes/took...sometimetodo...)塑料需要数百年才能分解，而纸的降解时间要短得多。5．However，makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.(倍数表达法)然而，生产纸袋的耗能是塑料袋的四倍，耗水则多达三倍。6．Tomakesureyourapplianceisinfactoff，removetheplugfromitspowersupply.(不定式短语作目的状语)为确保电器设备彻底关闭，请从电源上拔下电器插头。体验——析真题长句知高考难度(2025•全国二)“Ifyou’rescaredaboutsomethingandthinkingonlyaboutthat，there’snowayyou’regoingtobeabletolearn，”Hosays.“I’macoach，anadviser，andacomforter，andthat’swhatitmeanstobeahospitalteacher.”[句式分析]本句是由两个直接引语构成的主从复合句。第一个直接引语中if引导条件状语从句，you’regoingtobeabletolearn充当way的同位语；第二个直接引语由and连接两个并列句，第二个并列分句中what引导表语从句，并且在从句中充当means的宾语。[尝试翻译]“如果你对某件事感到害怕，并且只想着那件事，那你就不可能学到东西，”Ho说，“我是一名教练、一名顾问，也是一名安慰者，而这就是作为一名医院教师的意义。”Ⅰ.重点单词(每空1分，共42分)1．targetv．把……作为目标n.靶子；目标2．attituden．(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度3．highlightv．使……突出，使注意力集中于；强调n.高潮，最精彩的部分4．damagev．破损，损害，损伤n．损失，损害5．floodn．洪水，水灾v.涌入；淹没；泛滥6．sliden．幻灯片v．滑动；贬值；衰落7．supplyn．(煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统)；供给，补给v.供应8．falseadj.不正确的，错误的9．amountn．数量，数额vi.(to)(数值)达到，合计10．releasev．释放，排放；发行11．severeadj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的12．campaignn．(宣传)活动13．averageadj.平均(数)的；正常的，普通的n.平均数；平均水平v．平均为，计算出……的平均数14．fortunatelyadv.幸运地→fortunateadj.幸运的→unfortunateadj.不幸的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地→fortunen．运气；财富→misfortunen．不幸15．huntingn．打猎，狩猎→huntvt.打猎，猎取→huntern．猎人，捕猎者16．establishv．建立，设立；证实→establishmentn．建立，创立17．fogn．雾→foggyadj.多雾的18．electricityn．电→electricadj.电的；带电的→electricaladj.电气科学的；与电有关的→electronicadj.电子的19．extinctionn．灭绝，绝种→extinctadj.灭绝的20．reserven．(野生生物)保护区v.保留，保存，储备；预订→reservationn．保留，保护；(房间、座位等的)预订→reservedadj.含蓄的，内敛的21．adoptv．采纳；收养，领养→adoptedadj.收养的→adoptionn．收养；采纳22．reducev．减少，降低；使沦落→reductionn．缩减，减少23．removev．移走，搬走；去掉/除掉(污渍等)；脱掉(衣服)；开除→removaln．移走，移去，消除Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共23分)1．Hedevoteshimselftodesigningacitygallery，andsodevotedishethathesometimesforgetseatingandsleeping，andheispraisedforhisdevotion.(devote)2．Whenwehikedinamountain，weaccidentallysawascarybearandweweresoscaredthatwescreamed.(scare)3．Withouttheteachers’permission，nooneispermittedtoengageinsuchanactivity.(permit)4．AsfarasI’mconcerned，weshouldbeawarethatourparentsareconcernedabout/fornotonlyoursafety，butalsoamassofmattersconcerningourgrowth.(concern)5．Theboy’spresentationonoceanconservationleftadeepimpressiononlistenersandhewaspresentedwithaprizeasareward.(present)6．Thisdiseaseisinfectious.Thenumberofinfectedpeopleinthisareahasamountedto10,000.What’sworse，theinfectiondoesnotrespondtothedrugs.(infect)7．Onceuponatime，humanbeingstreatedsharkscruellyandpeople’scrueltymadethenumberofsharksdecreasesharply.(cruel)8．Shecontributedherpreviousyearstothescientificcareerandundoubtedlyhercontribution(s)(contribute)wontheadmirationofpeoplealloverthecountry.9．Themajority(major)ofmystudentsmajorinphysicsandchemistry，hopingtomakedramaticachievementsinthefuture.10.Duetosomeurgent(urge)matters，Iamurgedtoleave(leave)hereassoonaspossible.Ⅲ.补全语段(句式仿写)(每题3分，共9分)Facedwithaseverewatercrisis，weshouldtakeactionrightaway.So1.toprotectthelimitedwaterresource(为了保护有限的水资源)，awater-savingcampaignhasbeenlaunchedrecentlyinourschool.Actually，themajorityofuswastewaterinourdailylife.Forexample,2.ittakesmanypeopletoomuchtimetotakeashower(很多人花太多的时间洗澡)andtheydon’tturnoffthetapimmediatelyafterwashinghands，bothofwhichcontributetosignificantwastageofwater.Therefore，Iurgethateffectivemeasuresshouldbeadoptedtoraiseeveryone’sawarenessofsavingwater.Firstofall，wecantakeabathinsteadoftakingashower，and3.aswewashhands(当我们洗手的时候)，wemustn’thavewaterconstantlyrunning.Besides，takereusablewaterintoaccount.Mydearfriends，Ifirmlybelievethatifeveryonemakesacontributiontooursociety，wecanmakeahugedifferencetogether.课堂精讲精练1Currentenvironmentalconditionsdoscareus.Insteadofjustworrying，weshoulddevoteourselvestomakingachange.Protectingnearbynature，likeparksorrivers，needsnospecialpermission.Everysmalleffort，whateveritsamount，addsup.Let’surgeeachothertoactnowforourplanet.scarevt.使(某人)惊恐，吓唬(scaredadj.感到害怕的，恐惧的scaryadj.恐怖的，吓人的)•scaresbintodoingsth恐吓某人做某事scare...away/off把……吓跑•bescaredtodosth＝bescaredofdoingsth害怕/不敢做某事bescaredofsb/sth害怕某人/某事bescaredtodeath/outofone’swits吓得要死(1)她被老虎的吼声吓得蹲在一棵大树旁，心怦怦直跳。Shewasscaredintocrouchingbesideabigtreebytheroarsoftigers，withherheartpoundingwildly.(2)(续写之心理描写)我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。Iloweredmyheadtimidlyandwasscaredtolookat/oflookingatmyfather’scloudyface.(3)(续写之恐惧心理描写)当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。我既担心又害怕，但还是鼓起勇气，努力把熊吓跑。WhenIrealizedthatthebearwascomingbacktoattackus，Iwasnearlyscaredtodeath/outofmywits.Concernedandscared，Igatheredupenoughcourage，makinganefforttoscarethebearoff/away.devotevt.致力，献身，倾注(devotedadj.挚爱的；投入的；献身的devotionn．致力；献身；奉献)•devote...to(doing)sth把……用在/献给(做)某事上devoteoneselftodoingsth献身于/致力于做某事•bedevotedto(doing)sth献身于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事(话题写作之人物介绍)我最尊敬的人是袁隆平爷爷，他终生致力于研究杂交水稻和为人民服务。正是他的奉献和无私为他赢得了国内外的赞誉和尊重。ThepersonIrespectmostisGrandpaYuanLongping，whodevotedhiswholelifeto/devotedhimselfto/wasdevotedtostudyinghybridriceandservingthepeopleinhiswholelife.Itwashisdevotionandselflessnessthatwonhimmuchpraiseandrespectbothathomeandabroad.permissionn．允许，许可(permitv．允许；使有可能n．许可证)•asksbforpermission＝askpermissionfromsb请求某人许可with/without(one’s)permission得到/未经(某人的)允许•permitsbtodosth允许某人做某事permit(doing)sth允许(做)某事(1)(续写之情感描写)当我得知我被允许和朋友们一起去远足时，我高兴得跳了起来。WhenIlearnedthatIwaspermittedtogohikingtogetherwithmyfriends，Ijumpedwithjoy.(2)没有老师的许可，你绝不能带手机到自习室。因此，如果你的确需要一部手机，你必须请求老师许可。另外，我们不允许大声说话，这会打扰别人。Withouttheteacher’spermission，youmustn’ttakeyoursmartphonetotheself-studyroom.Thus，ifyoudoneedone，youmustaskyourteacherforpermission/askpermissionfromyourteacher.What’smore，wedon’tpermittalkingloudly，whichwilldisturbothers.(3)(告知信)如果天气允许，比赛将于下午2点在我校体育馆举行，持续约3小时。Weatherpermitting/Ifweatherpermits，thecompetitiontobeheldinourschoolstadiumwillbeginat2pmandlastforroughly3hours.amountn．数量，数额vi.(to)(数值)达到，合计•theamountof...……的数量“大量/少量的”表达：alarge/smallamountof＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)large/smallamountsof＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)•amountto共计，总计；等于，相当于(1)Alargeamountofpreviousworkingexperiencecontributes(contribute)totheprogressofthemoney-collectingcause.Andlargeamountsofmoneyhavebeenraised(raise)bynow.(2)(话题写作之健康饮食)青少年吃的垃圾食品的数量逐年上升，这逐渐损害了他们的健康。Theamountofjunkfoodteenagerseatgoesupyearbyyear，whichgraduallyruinstheirhealth.(3)暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助解决我家的燃眉之急。ThemoneyIearnedduringthesummerholidayamountedto300dollars，whichcouldhelpsolvemyfamily’sburningproblem.urgen．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.竭力主张；强烈要求，敦促(urgentadj.紧急的；急迫的urgencyn．紧急；急迫)•have/feelanurgetodosth有强烈的欲望做某事•urgesbtodosth催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth竭力主张/强调……做某事Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth.竭力主张/强调……做某事。(1)(2025•北京，书面表达)I’mdelightedtoknowthatyou’replanningtojoinintheUNinitiative!Mysuggestionistoproposereducingfoodwaste，forit’sbothurgent(urge)andactionable.(2)(2025•天津3月，书面表达)图书馆访客数量的激增显然体现了它们日益增长的魅力，因此我竭力主张每个人都走进图书馆，探寻其中的宝藏。Thesharpriseinlibraryvisitorsclearlyshowstheirgrowingcharm，soIurgeeveryonetostepintolibraries/urgethateveryone(should)stepintolibrariesandexplorethetreasureswithin.(3)(2022•天津6月，书面表达)随着中国的发展，极力强调年轻人无障碍地与外国人交流。因此，任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的英语口语社。WiththedevelopmentofChina，itisurgedthattheyoung(should)communicatewithforeignerswithoutdifficulty.Hence，anyonewhohas/feelsanurgetospeakfluentEnglishcanregisterforourSpokenEnglishClub.1．Theprofessorofeducationislecturing①toparents，sayingthattheymustn’tlecture②theirkidsabouttheirbehaviour.Thewonderfullecture③isveryattractive.①vi.(开)讲座，演讲②vt.训斥③n.讲座，演讲2．Hehascontributed①anarticletothemagazine，andhisarticleconcentratesonthosewhohavecontributed②tothedevelopmentofsociety.Whatthegreatpeoplehavedonecontributes③toourwonderfullifeinmoderntimes.①v.撰稿②v.贡献③v.促成，造成3．Ifyoudesiretovisitthenationalwildlifereserve①，youmustreserve②ticketsinadvanceeitheronlineorintheregistrationoffice.Butasmallnumberofticketsarereserved③forspecialguests.①n.(野生生物)保护区②v.预订③v.保留，保存4．Afteralonghike，Mikestoppedtorelease①histightbackpackstrap—hisshouldershadstartedtoache.Later，hesatbytheriverandshoutedloudlytorelease②thestressfromwork.Thatevening，hesawonlinethathisfavoritebandwouldrelease③theirnewalbumthenextmonth，whichmadehistiringdayfeelmuchbrighter.①v.松开，放开②v.释放，宣泄③v.发行，公开课堂精讲精练2Theaveragefamilycancontributealottoenvironmentalprotection.Carefulwithenergyuse，theymaycutelectricitywastebyhalf.What’smore，byusingpublictransportregularly，theircarbonemissionscanbethreetimeslowerthanthoseofpeoplewhodriveprivatecarsdaily.Smallacts，whenmultiplied，makebigdifferences.contributev．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献，捐献；撰稿(contributionn．捐献；贡献contributorn．捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素)•contribute...to...把……贡献给……；为……撰稿contributeto(to为介词)有助于；促成；导致；是……的原因之一；为……做出贡献•makecontributions/acontributionto为……做出贡献；捐款(1)Thesegenerousbusinessmenhavecontributedlotsofmoneytoestablishing(establish)newreservesfortheendangeredanimals.(2)(2023•北京，书面表达)只有公众愿意为建设绿色北京做出贡献，我们才能实现我们的目标。Onlyifthepublicwillinglycontributeto/makecontributions/acontributiontobuildingagreenBeijingcanwereachourtarget.(3)(2025•全国二，应用文写作)我写信是想了解一下您答应为我校校报撰写的关于加拿大体育运动的那篇文章的进展情况。您的这篇投稿无疑将有助于我们学生更好地了解加拿大的体育文化。I’mwritingtocheckontheprogressofthearticleyoupromisedtocontributetoourschoolnewspaperaboutCanadiansports.Yourcontributionwillcertainlycontributetoourstudents’betterunderstandingofsportscultureinCanada.注意：表示“引起；导致”的词汇还有cause，leadto，resultin，bringabout等。averageadj.平均(数)的；正常的，普通的n.平均数；平均水平v．平均为，计算出……的平均数•ofaverageheight/quality中等身高/质量一般•above/belowaverage高于/低于平均水平onaverage平均；一般地theaverageof...……的平均数(1)(2024•浙江1月，应用文写作)在我看来，只要我们平均每天踢20分钟毽子，我们就能释放我们的精神压力，恢复我们的精力。AsfarasIamconcerned，aslongaswekicktheshuttlecockfor20minuteseverydayonaverage，wecanreleaseourmentalpressureandrestoreourenergy.(2)近年来，电子设备的平均数量急剧上升，使我们能够在线学习。Theaveragenumberofelectronicdeviceshasrisensharplyinrecentyears，makingitpossibleforustostudyonline.(3)(话题写作之人物介绍)我最尊敬的人是我的语文老师，他的教学能力远远高于平均水平。他中等身高，戴着一副眼镜。ThepersonIrespectmostismyChineseteacherwhoseteachingabilityisfaraboveaverage.Heisofaverageheightandwearsapairofglasses.形容词短语作状语Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.由于害怕遇到电影里描述的这种可怕生物，有些人再也不去海里游泳了。形容词(短语)作状语：•说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。•表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。(1)Concerned(concern)abouttheenvironmentalprobleminourcountry，theauthoritieshavelaunchedacampaigntourgethecompaniestomakeuseofsolarenergy.(2)(续写之恐惧心理描写)Iwasscaredoffailingtofindourwaytothefarm.Isatbesideatreeandheldmyshouldersinmyarmstightly.＝Scaredoffailingtofindourwaytothefarm，Isatbesideatreeandheldmyshouldersinmyarmstightly.(形容词短语作状语)(3)(2025•全国一，读后续写)我走向门口，既紧张又犹豫，敲门的手停在半空，脑海里反复演练着道歉的话语。Iwalkedtothedoor，nervousandhesitant，myhandpausingbeforeknockingasIrehearsedtheapologyinmymind.倍数表达法However，makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.然而，生产纸袋的耗能是塑料袋的四倍，耗水则多达三倍。倍数的表达方式：•A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as＋B•A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than＋B•A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of＋B•A＋be＋倍数＋what从句(1)Thenewbulbsrequiretwiceless(little)electricitythantheconventionalonescurrentlyusedtoproducethesameamountoflight.(2)从这个短视频中可以很容易地判断出，我们的新学校是老学校的三倍大。Judgingfromtheshortvideo，itisclearthatournewschoolisthreetimesaslargeas/threetimeslargerthan/threetimesthesizeoftheoldone.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇1．Myfinalsuccessisduetomyheadteacher，whoalwaysurgesmenottogiveup.2．Youshouldholdapositiveattitudeto/toward(s)yourprofession，oryoumightgetfired.3．Asaconcerned(concern)parent，shedecidedtojointhelocalcampaignthatadvocatesbettersafetymeasuresinschoolzones.4．Theestablishment(establish)ofanewresearchcenterwillfocusondevelopingadvancedgreenhousetechnologies.5．Mypreviousteacherhasadeepeffecton/uponmeandIwillneverforgethim.6．Thenewhealthbrochure，whichistargetedatyoungadults，providespracticaltipsonmaintainingabalanceddiet.7．Thegirlwascollectingseashellsonthebeachwhenabottlewithanoteinsideattractedherattention.8．Thedocumentaryexposedthecruelty(cruel)ofillegalhunting，showinghowinnocentanimalssufferatthehandsofpoachers.9.Massesofvisitorstraveltothefamoustouristattraction，causing(cause)damagetothebeautifulplace.10．Muchtoherdelight，themanagerofthechainstorereducedherweightby6kilosto45kilos.Whatscaresusisthatmanyrareanimalsarefacedwithextinctionduetohumanbeings’cruelty，suchasrandomhuntingwithoutpermission.Besides，withmoreandmorecarbondioxide1.released(release)，theenvironmenthasgotdamagedandthegreenhouseeffectoccurs.Plus，severedrought，floodandsmogaroundtheworldhighlighttheurgetotakesteps2.toprotect(protect)theenvironment.Thesituationisontheslide，soweshouldtakeenvironmentalissuesintoaccountwheneverpossible.Fortunately，those3.whoareconcernedabouttheenvironmenthaverealizedthe4.importance(important)ofsustainabledevelopmentandadoptedsomemeasures.Manygovernmentsandaveragepeoplecontributeto5.reducing(reduce)pollution.Also，manynaturereserveshavebeenestablished.Amajorityofscientistsdevote6.themselves(they)tomakingthemostofrenewableandreusablesolarenergy.Morecampaignsarelaunchedandmorelecturesorpresentationsaredeliveredtosupplypeoplewithalternativechoicestolive7.alow-carbonlife.Morebrochuresarehandedoutonhowto8.correctly(correct)usehouseholdappliancesordevicessothatamountsofelectricitycan9.besaved(save)．Forexample，whennotused，plugsshouldbepulledoutandenergy-savingbulbsshouldbeused.Onlyifwehaveascientificattitude10.to/towardsenvironmentalprotectionandremoveourfalseactionscanwereachthedesiredtarget.Alwaysrememberthatalltheabovemeasurescangreatlyaffectoursurroundingsandhelprestoreourdamagedenvironment.2023·北京假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1.活动形式；2.活动内容。完成句子1．很高兴听说你正在策划一个以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，我写信是想给你一些建议。(形容词短语作状语)GladtohearthatyouareplanningaclubactivitywiththethemeofGreenBeijing，Iamwritingtoofferyousomesuggestions.2．我强烈敦促你组织一次环城徒步旅行，在推广环保交通的同时，探索北京的绿地。(urgethat...；whiledoing)Istronglyurgethatyou(should)organizeawalkingtouraroundthecitytoexplorethegreenplacesinBeijingwhilepromotingeco-friendlytransportation.3．另一个有效的活动是植树，为城市绿化努力做出贡献。(contributeto)Anothereffectiveactivityisplantingtreestocontributetothecity’sgreenefforts.4．毫无疑问，要建设绿色北京，你们需要与当地志愿者或环保组织共同努力来致力于保护北京的自然环境。(bedevotedto；不定式短语作目的状语)Thereisnodoubtthat，tobuildagreenBeijing，youneedtomakejointeffortswithlocalvolunteersorenvironmentalorganizationstobedevotedtoprotectingBeijing’snaturalenvironment.5．我真诚地希望你能考虑以上建议。(oaccount)Isincerelyhopethatyoucantaketheabovesuggestionsintoaccount.组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。参考范文DearJim，GladtohearthatyouareplanningaclubactivitywiththethemeofGreenBeijing，Iamwritingtoofferyousomesuggestions.Tobeginwith，Istronglyurgethatyou(should)organizeawalkingtouraroundthecitytoexplorethegreenplacesinBeijingwhilepromotingeco-friendlytransportation.Anothereffectiveactivityisplantingtreestocontributetothecity’sgreenefforts.Thereisnodoubtthat，tobuildagreenBeijing，youneedtomakejointeffortswithlocalvolunteersorenvironmentalorganizationstobedevotedtoprotectingBeijing’snaturalenvironment.Isincerelyhopethatyoucantaketheabovesuggestionsintoaccount.Iamlookingforwardtoparticipatinginthiseventandstrengtheningenvironmentalawarenesstogether.Yours，LiHua语料积累情感细节描写：焦虑、担忧与不耐烦单词anxiousadj.焦虑的，担心的→anxiouslyadv.焦虑地→anxietyn．焦虑，忧虑worriedadj.担心的，发愁的→worryingadj.令人担心的→worryvt.使忧虑，使担心n．担心，忧虑helpless/hopelessadj.无助的/绝望的→helplessness/hopelessnessn．无助/绝望词块withanxiety焦虑地beconcerned/worriedabout担忧fullof/filledwithanxiety焦虑不安feelingsofanxietyandconcern焦虑而担忧的感觉declineone’sheadindespair垂头丧气abandononeselftohelplessness陷入无助bereducedtotears伤心落泪hearttornwithdespair绝望得撕心裂肺句型Fogbeginningtocreepintotheforest，Igrewincreasinglyconcerned.雾开始悄悄潜入森林，我越来越担心。Filledwithanxiety，hefrozetherehelpless，frowning.(过去分词短语作状语；形容词作状语)他充满了焦虑，无助地站在那里，皱着眉头。Witheverythingswallowedbythedarkness，Marywasclosetocryingwithanxietyandfear.一切都被黑暗吞没了，玛丽既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。Worried/Concernedaboutthejourney，Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.(形容词短语作状语)由于担心这次旅行，头几天我坐立不安。HewassonervousabouttheEnglishtestthathelayawakehalfthenight，worried.(形容词作状语)他对英语考试感到如此紧张，以至于大半夜都睡不着觉，忧心忡忡。Hegazedattheconfusionaroundhim，overwhelmed/overcomebyafeelingofdespair.(过去分词短语作状语)他凝视着周围的混乱，感到一阵绝望。语料运用环境保护ThemomentIsetfootinmyhometowntenyearslater，Igazedatthebaremountainandthedirtyriverandfrozethere，①overwhelmed/overcomebyafeelingofdespair(过去分词短语作状语)．Pastmemoriesofitsoncebeautifulscenerycamebackinfloods.I②wasreducedtotearsanddeclinedmyheadindespair，thinkingwhathadcontributedtotheterribleenvironment.③Worried/Concernedaboutthedestroyedenvironment(形容词短语作状语)，Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays，feelingonpinsandneedles.④Determinedtochangethesituation(形容词短语作状语)，Ibegandeliveringlecturestourgepeopletoprotecttheenvironment.Thepublic’spositiveresponsesmeltedawaymyfeelingsofanxietyandconcern.十年后，当我踏入家乡的那一刻，我凝视着光秃秃的山和脏兮兮的河，在那里愣住了，感到一阵绝望。往日美景的回忆如洪水般涌了回来。我流下了眼泪，绝望地低下了头，心想是什么造成了这种可怕的环境。由于担心被破坏的环境，头几天我坐立不安，如坐针毡。决定改变这种状况，我开始发表演讲，敦促人们保护环境。公众的积极反应消解了我的焦虑感与担忧感。单元主题组合练[62.5分]Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)A(2026·河南期中)AnewtypeofmaterialthatcanstoregreenhousegaseshasbeendevelopedbyateamofresearchersjointlyledbyHeriot-WattUniversity.Thematerialismadeupofhollowcage-likemolecules(空心笼状分子)thathavehighstoragecapabilitiesforgreenhousegasessuchascarbondioxideandsulphurhexafluoride—amorepowerfulgasthatcanlastthousandsofyearsintheatmosphere.Greenhousegasesareoneofthemainfactorsresponsibleforcausingglobalwarmingandclimatechange.Theyworklikethewallsofagreenhouse，trappingheatintheEarth’satmosphere.Whilesomecarbondioxideisreleasednaturally，sulphurhexafluorideisaman-madegasthattrapsheatvery①effectively.DrMarcLittle，oneoftheleadersoftheresearch，saysthediscoveryhasthepotentialtohelpsolveoursociety’sbiggestchallenges，suchasabsorbingandstoringgreenhousegases.“Directaircaptureofcarbondioxideisincreasinglyimportantbecauseevenwhenwestopemittingcarbondioxide，there’sstillgoingtobeahugeneedtodealwithprevious②emissionsthatarealreadyintheenvironment，”saysDrLittle.“Plantingtreesisaveryeffectivewaytoabsorbcarbon，butit’sveryslow.Soweneedahumanintervention—likehuman-mademolecules—toremovegreenhousegasesfromtheenvironment.”Theresearchersusedcomputermodellingtoaccuratelypredicthowmoleculeswouldintegratethemselvesintothenewmaterial，whichDrLittlesayscanbefurtherenhancedinthefuturethroughtheuseofartificialintelligence.Headds，“Withthehelpofartificialintelligence，asufficientsupplyofnewmaterialsthatcanassistinsolvingthemostpressingchallengescanbecreated，withouttheneedforthemtobetestedinalab.”DrLittlesaysthestudyisanimportantstepindevelopingothermaterialsandaddsthatmoleculeswithcomplexstructurescanalsobeusedtoremovetoxiccompounds(有毒化合物)—knownasvolatileorganiccompounds—fromtheairandcanplayanimportantroleinmedicalscience.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种由赫瑞­瓦特大学牵头的研究团队开发的新型材料，这种材料能够储存温室气体，如二氧化碳和六氟化硫，并介绍了其重要性和应用前景。1．Whatisparagraph2intendedtoshow?A．Climatechangeisworsening.B．Thenewmaterialisdifficulttodevelop.C．Greenhousegasesareabigproblem.D．Theimpactofglobalwarmingisenormous.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要介绍了温室气体是造成全球变暖和气候变化的主要因素之一，是一个大问题。故选C。2．Whyisusingthenewmaterialbetterthanplantingtreesinabsorbingcarbon?A．Itismoreeco-friendly.B．Itcostslesstime.C．Itfunctionsforalongerperiod.D．Itinvolvesnohumanintervention.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“Plantingtreesisaveryeffectivewaytoabsorbcarbon，butit’sveryslow.Soweneedahumanintervention—likehuman-mademolecules—toremovegreenhousegasesfromtheenvironment.”可知，使用新材料比植树吸收碳更好，是因为新材料吸收碳花费的时间更少。故选B。3．WhydoesDrLittlementionartificialintelligence?A．Itpredictsoursociety’smostpressingchallenges.B．Itenablesmorenewmoleculestobetestedinalab.C．Itpreventshumansfromproducinggreenhousegases.D．Ithelpscreatematerialsusedtotacklegreenhousegases.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第五段中“Headds，‘Withthehelpofartificialintelligence，asufficientsupplyofnewmaterialsthatcanassistinsolvingthemostpressingchallengescanbecreated，withouttheneedforthemtobetestedinalab.’”可知，Little博士提到人工智能，是因为它有助于创造用于应对温室气体的材料。故选D。4．WhatdoesDrLittleindicateaboutmoleculeswithcomplexstructures?A．Theycanbenefitmorethanonefield.B．Theyleadtomoretoxiccompounds.C．Theywerefirstusedinmedicalscience.D．Theyarethecoreoforganiccompounds.答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Little博士表示，具有复杂结构的分子可以在多个领域发挥作用，不仅限于去除有毒化合物，还可以在医学科学中发挥重要作用。故选A。语境猜词①effectively(派)＝effect＋ive＋lyadv.有效地②emission(派)＝emi(t)＋ssionn．排放物BAthirdoftheArctic’stundra(北极苔原)，forestsandwetlandshavebecomeasourceofcarbonemissions(排放)，anewstudyhasfound，asglobalheatingendsthousandsofyearsofcarbon①storage.Forthousandsofyears，Arcticlandecosystemshaveactedasadeep-freeze，holdingpotentialemissionsinthetundra.ButecosystemsintheregionarereleasingmoreCO2intotheatmospherewithrisingtemperatures，astudypublishedinNatureClimateChangeconcluded.Morethan30%oftheregionwasasourceofCO2，accordingtotheanalysis，risingto40%whenemissionsfromwildfireswereincluded.Byusingdatafrom200studysitesbetween1990and2020，theresearchdemonstrateshowtheArctic’stundra，forestsandwetlandsarebeingt