外研版英语选择性必修第二册　Unit 5　A delicate world 教师用书

选择性必修第二册Unit5AdelicateworldⅠ.阅读单词——会意1．inhabitantn．栖居的动物2．penguinn．企鹅3．ratn．大老鼠4．vegetationn．植物，草木(总称)5．erosionn．侵蚀6．parakeetn．长尾(小)鹦鹉7．chaosn．大混乱；紊乱8．virusn．病毒9．immunityn．免疫力10．postscriptn．附言11．pestn．有害小动物；害虫12．dissolvev．(使)溶解13．sessionn．一段时间；学年；会议14．herbaladj.用香(药)草制成的15．prosperv．兴旺，发达16．altituden．海拔(高度)17．thrivev．茁壮成长18．fossiln．化石19．floraladj.花的20．vertebraten．脊椎动物21．beehiven．蜂房，蜂箱Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形1．halfwayadj.中间的，半途的2．heritagen．遗产；传统3．habitatn．栖息地4．appetiten．胃口，食欲；强烈欲望5．decreasev．(使)变小，(使)减少n．减少6．trapn．夹子，陷阱v．设陷阱捕捉；使陷入困境7．collapsev．倒坍，塌下；昏倒，晕倒8．incidentn．事件9．owev．欠(债、人情等)；应该做；对……负有……的义务；把……归功于；感激10．statusn．地位；身份11．criterionn．(pl.criteria)标准，准则12．vastadj.巨大的；广大的13．elsewhereadv.在别处14．secureadj.稳固的；安全的v．保护；(尤指经过努力)获得Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．dramaticallyadv.显著地；急剧地；戏剧性地→dramaticadj.戏剧性的；突然的→draman．戏剧2．subsequentlyadv.后来，随后→subsequentadj.随后的，后来的3．multiplyv．繁殖；(使)大大增加，(使)倍增；乘以→multipleadj.多种多样的4．conservationn．保护→conservev．保护→conservativeadj.保守的；守旧的→conservationistn．自然环境保护主义者5．departuren．离开→departv．离开；出发6．explodev．突然增加；爆炸→explosionn．爆炸；激增→explosiveadj.易爆炸的7．substantialadj.大量的，多的；结实的，牢固的→substancen．物质，东西；事实基础，根据8．interventionn．干预，介入→intervenev．干预，介入9．ecologyn．生态；生态学→ecologicaladj.生态的；生态学的→ecologistn．生态学家10．nutrientn．养分，营养物→nutritionn．营养，滋养；营养学→nutritiousadj.有营养的，营养丰富的11．comparisonn．比较→comparev．比较；比得上；将……比作→comparableadj.可比较的→incomparableadj.不可比拟的12．visualadj.视觉的；视力的→visionn．视力；视觉；想象；远见卓识→visualize/isev．设想，想象13．mysteriousadj.神秘的→mysteryn．难以理解的事物；谜14．rareadj.稀有的，罕见的→rarelyadv.很少，难得15．biologicaladj.生物的，与生物有关的→biologyn．生物学；生理→biologistn．生物学家16．apparentlyadv.据说；看来，似乎→apparentadj.明显的，显而易见的17．variationn．差异；变化→variableadj.可变的；易变的→variousadj.各种各样的→variedadj.各种各样的→varietyn．不同种类；多样(化)；多变(性)→varyv．变化18．endangeredadj.濒临灭绝的→endangerv．危及；危害→dangern．危险→dangerousadj.危险的19．invasionn．涌入；侵犯，侵略→invadev．侵犯→invadern．侵略者20．greetingn．问候，招呼→greetv．打招呼；问候；迎接21．coexistv．共存，共处→coexistencen．共存，共处积累——构词法学一法会一类表示时间的前缀：1．post-表示“之后”，如postwar(战后)，postgraduate(研究生)；2．pro-表示“预先的”，如prologue(序言，序幕)；3．fore-表示“前面，预先”，如foretell(预言)；4．ante-表示“(时间上)在……之前，早于；在……前面”，如antecedent(前情，前事)，anteroom(前厅)；anti-(亦作ant-)可表示“时间上早于”，但用此含义的单词并不多，该前缀常表示“反对，与……相对立”，如antinuclear反对使用核武器的，antimatter反物质。(1)Theresearchpointsoutthedesignofquestionsinthepretestandposttest.后续测试(2)Itwasanunpopulardecisiontopostponebuildingthenewhospital.推迟(3)Thecompany’sproactivepolicyintheannualreportreflectsitsachievementsoverthepastyear.积极主动的(4)Thesmalltreeintheforegroundmadetheshot，whichwasquiteattractive.前景(5)Fewofthetown’sfinebuildingsantedatetheearthquakeof1755.早于(6)Weneedsomeonewhocananticipateandrespondtochangesinthefashionindustry.预期，预料(7)Youneedtoinstallanti-virussoftwaretoprotectyourcomputer.抗病毒的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．onbehalfof代表2．failtodosth未做到某事3．inharmonywith与……协调，与……一致，与……和睦相处4．developanappetitefor对……产生兴趣5．beintroducedto被引进到……，被介绍给……6．dieout灭绝；消失7．outofcontrol失去控制8．remove...from...把……从……移走9．decreasefrom...to...从……减少到……10．inconsequence结果，因此11．turnout原来是，结果发现12．asubstantialnumberof大量的13．onceandforall一劳永逸；彻底地14．owe...to...把……归功于……；欠……15．coexistwith和……共存；与……共处Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants，includingroyalpenguins，kingpenguins，andelephantseals，existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.(否定副词置于句首引起的倒装)他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。2．Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus，andtheirnumbersexplodedonceagain.(Itturnedoutthat...)它们最终对病毒产生了免疫，数量又一次激增。3．Thisincidentmadeitclearthattherat，mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.(it作形式宾语)这一事件清楚地表明，大鼠、小鼠和兔子泛滥的问题需要彻底地解决。4．Thenextstepistoremovethelastremaininginvadingspecies，andthat’swhereIcomein—withmydogs.(where引导表语从句)下一步是清除最后残存的入侵物种，这就是我的工作了——和我的狗一起。5．AlthoughendangeredelsewhereinChinaduetotheinvasionofforeignspecies，thebeesofShennongjiahavecoexistedwiththelocalpeopleforcenturies.(状语从句的省略)虽然在中国的其他地区，由于外来物种入侵，这种蜜蜂濒临灭绝，但是神农架的这种蜜蜂和当地的人们已经共存了几个世纪。体验——析真题长句知高考难度(2025•浙江1月)TheplatformhasenabledRibeirotorealiseherdreamwithagreatdealoffreedom，asopposedtoarestaurantwheretheserviceisimpersonal，themenuisknowninadvance，andthemealisexpectedtobenosurprise.[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。主句主语为theplatform，谓语为hasenabled，宾语为Ribeiro，torealizeherdream作宾语补足语，withagreatdealoffreedom作方式状语；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词arestaurant，在从句中充当地点状语；从句包含了由and连接的三个并列的简单句。[尝试翻译]这个平台以极大自由度助力里贝罗实现了自己的梦想，而不像餐馆那样：服务缺乏人情味，菜单提前固定，餐食也不会带来任何惊喜。Ⅰ.重点单词(每空1分，共24分)1．trapn．夹子，陷阱v.设陷阱捕捉；使陷入困境2．habitatn．栖息地3．appetiten．胃口，食欲；强烈欲望，爱好4．collapsev．倒坍，塌下；昏倒，晕倒5．incidentn．事件6．criterionn．(pl.criteria)标准，准则7．elsewhereadv.在别处8．interventionn．干预，介入→intervenev．干预，介入9．substantialadj.大量的，多的；结实的，牢固的→substancen．物质，东西；事实基础，根据10．apparentlyadv.据说；看来，似乎→apparentadj.明显的，显而易见的11．nutrientn．养分，营养物→nutritionn．营养，滋养；营养学→nutritiousadj.有营养的，营养丰富的12．comparisonn．比较→comparev．比较；比得上；将……比作→comparableadj.可比较的→incomparableadj.不可比拟的13．visualadj.视觉的；视力的→visionn．视力；视觉；想象；远见卓识→visualize/visualisev．设想，想象Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共13分)1．Instantlyanexplosivebombexploded，thetowercollapsedandtheexplosionwasclearlyheardamileaway.(explode)2．Multipleelementscausethealgae(藻类)tomultiply(multiple)athighspeed，oneofwhichiswastewater.3．ThespecialisthadplannedtodepartfromBeijingonFriday，butthebadweatherdelayedhisdeparture(depart)．4．Theinfluentialecologistwarnedthatwhattheydidmaybeathreattoglobalecologyandbringabouttheecologicalimbalance.(ecology)5．Theconservationistsaidactiveenvironmentalconservationiscrucial，evenifitchallengesconservativepolicymakers’traditionalviews.(conserve)6．Facedwiththedramaticchanges，wemustdramaticallyswitchouroriginalplanandwesincerelyhopethatoureffortswon’tbeinvain.(drama)Ⅲ.补全语段(句式仿写)(每题3分，共12分)Tocelebratehis45thbirthday，Jack，ajournalist，departedfromthecityandcycledalongthecountryroad.Thegreengrass，thebarerocks，andthefreshairmadehimrelaxed.Unluckily，thatwasalso1.whereheencounteredabear(他遇到一只熊的地方)，andhefailedtoescape.Hewaspushedtothegroundandbittenintheleftleg.Hedidn’tknowwhetherhewouldbesaved；2.nordidheknowwhetherthefiercebearwouldgoonattackinghim(他也不知道那只凶猛的熊是否会继续攻击他)．Subsequently，Jacklosthisconsciousness.Hourslater，Jackregainedconsciousness，surroundedbysomeloggersandadoctor.3.Itturnedoutthathewassavedbythem(原来他是被他们救了)．Tearsofgratituderollingdownhischeeks,4.hemadeitclearthathewouldtreatthemtoadeliciousdinner(他明确地说他会请他们吃一顿美味的晚餐)．Neverhastheurgencyofprotectingourfragileplanetbeenmoreobviousthannow.Ifweletenvironmentaldamagegetoutofcontrol—withpollutionfailingtodecreaseandspeciescontinuingtodieout—futuregenerationswillfacealifelessworld.IncomparisontothegiftsEarthhasgivenus，oureffortstosafeguarditarefarfromenough.Weoweittoeverylivingcreature，includingourselves，totakeimmediateactionbeforeitistoolate.decreasev．(使)变小，(使)减少n．减少•decrease(from...)to...(从……)减少到……decreaseby...降低了……decreasein...在……方面减少/减小/下降•onthedecrease在减少(1)Therewasanoticeabledecreaseinsalesthisquarter.Salesdecreasedfrom500unitslastmonthto400unitsthismonth.Thisrepresenteditdecreasedby20%.(2)(图表类作文)如上图所示，阅读电子书而不是纸质书的人数正在减少。Asisshownintheabovegraph，thenumberofpeoplethat/whoreade-booksratherthanpaperbooksisdecreasing/onthedecrease.owev．应该做；对……负有……的义务；把……归功于；欠(债、人情等)；感激•owesbsth＝owesthtosb欠某人某物owesthtosb/sth把某事归功于某人/某事oweittosbthat...把……归功于某人•owingto因为，由于(1)(道歉信)我欠你一个道歉，因为周五下午我未能和你一起去书店。Ioweyouanapology/oweanapologytoyoufornotgoingtothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.(2)(感谢信)我在英语学习上的巨大进步都归功于您，任何语言都不足以表达我衷心的感谢。IowemygreatprogressinEnglishlearningtoyou/IoweittoyouthatIhavemadegreatprogressinEnglishlearning，andnowordsarestrongenoughtoexpressmyheartfeltgratitude.(3)(2025•全国一，读后续写)正是得益于我们家庭内部那份根深蒂固的情感联结，我才终于鼓起勇气去看望哥哥，修复我们之间破裂的关系。ItwasowingtothedeeplyrootedbondwithinourfamilythatIfinallygatheredupthecouragetovisitmybrotherandmendourbrokenrelationship.comparisonn．比较(comparev．比较；比得上；将……比作comparableadj.可比较的incomparableadj.不可比拟的)•bycomparison相比之下，相较而言in/bycomparisonwith与……相比较•compare...with...把……和……相比较compare...to...把……比作……beyond/withoutcompare无与伦比，举世无双•comparedto/with...和……相比(通常作状语)(1)(2025•天津6月，书面表达)与其他可能存在文化或地域局限性的材料相比，不同语言的“你好”承载着更简洁却更具普遍性的信息。相比之下，这个短语最容易被来自其他星球的潜在生命理解，因此成为最适合发送至外太空的选择。Comparedwith/to/Incomparisonwithothermaterialsthatmayhaveculturalorregionallimitations，“hello”indifferentlanguagescarriesasimpleryetmoreuniversalmessage.Bycomparison，thisphrasecanbemosteasilyunderstoodbypotentialbeingsfromotherplanets，makingitthebestchoicetosendintospace.(2)(倡议书)书籍被比作人类进步的阶梯，因此，我主张我们应该在业余时间多读书。Booksarecomparedtotheladderofhumanprogress，andhence，Iadvocatethatweshouldenjoymorebooksinoursparetime.(3)(2025•天津3月)通过对比2014年与2024年的博物馆参观人数，我们能清晰地发现，参观人数出现了显著增长。这一现象表明，人们对博物馆及文化探索的热情正不断提升。Bycomparingthenumberofmuseumvisitorsin2014withthatin2024，wecanclearlyseethattherehasbeenaremarkablegrowth，indicatingpeople’srisingenthusiasmformuseumsandculturalexploration.dieout灭绝；消失dieaway(声音、风、光线等)渐息；渐弱dieof死于(疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等自身原因)diefrom死于(意外等外部原因)bedyingtodosth迫切想做某事bedyingforsth渴望/想要某物(话题写作之动物保护)随着声音的消逝，我们在森林里漫步，谈论着正在灭绝的濒危动物。近年来，由于栖息地遭到破坏，许多稀有动物死于饥饿。显然，野生物种不仅渴望获得人类的帮助，而且渴望更宽敞的生存空间。Withthesoundsdyingaway，wewanderedintheforest，talkingaboutendangeredanimalsthataredyingout.Inrecentyearsmanyrareanimalshavediedofhungerbecausetheirhabitatshavebeendestroyed.Apparently，notonlyarethewildspeciesdyingtogainhumanbeings’assistancebuttheyarealsodyingformorespaciouslivingspace.用法点拨表示“渴望”的短语还有：longfor，longtodo，behungryfor，bethirstyfor，desiretodo，bekeentodo，beeagertodo，beanxioustodo等。outofcontrol失去控制；无法管理incontrolof控制……inthecontrolof由……控制，被……控制undercontrol在控制之中beyondcontrol无法控制losecontrolof失去对……的控制takecontrolof控制……(续写之情感描写)我的车在半山腰失去了控制，我的心都提到嗓子眼儿了。幸运的是，我最终控制了我的车，并松了口气。Mycarwasbeyondcontrol/outofcontrol/Ilostcontrolofmycarhalfwayupthehillandmyheartwasinmymouth.Luckily，Itookcontrolofmycar/mycarwasundercontrol/Iwasincontrolofmycar/mycarwasinthecontrolofmeintheendandIsighedinrelief.否定副词置于句首引起的倒装Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants，includingroyalpenguins，kingpenguins，andelephantseals，existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。否定副词置于句首，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分(助动词、情态动词或be动词)提到主语之前。这类否定词以及含有否定词或否定意义的短语主要有：no，not，never，little，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，notuntil，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，nosooner...than...，hardly...when...，innosense，innoway，innocase，bynomeans，onnoaccount，atnotime，undernocircumstances等。(1)(2023•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我一听到这个激动人心的消息，就愣在那里，不敢相信自己的耳朵。我从来没有想到我会在写作比赛中获得一等奖。NosoonerhadIlearned/learntabouttheexcitingnewsthanIfrozethere，unabletobelievemyears.NeverhadIthoughtthatIwouldwinfirstprizeinthewritingcontest.(2)(2023•上海6月，书面表达)Thecameranotonlyrepresentsmychildhoodinthebestpossiblemannerbutitalsorepresentsmyloveforcapturingmoments.＝Notonlydoesthecamerarepresentmychildhoodinthebestpossiblemannerbutitalsorepresentsmyloveforcapturingmoments.(改写为倒装句)(3)(2024•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我几乎没有想到我能在最后一刻赶到汽车站，我向出租车司机投去感激的微笑。HardlydidIthinkthatIcouldmakeittothebusstationatthelastminuteandIcastagratefulsmiletothetaxidriver.(4)(续写之升华句)直到我经历了这场事故，我才明白坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。①Iwasn’tawarethatbadfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopeneduntilIexperiencedtheaccident.②NotuntilIexperiencedtheaccidentwasIawarethatbadfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopened.(改写为倒装句)1．Thehunterhadintendedtosetatrap①forfoxes，althoughitwascrueltotrap②them.Unexpectedly，thehuntergottrapped③intrafficonthewaytotheforest.①n.夹子，陷阱②v.设陷阱捕捉③v.使陷入困境2．Learningthathishousecollapsed①inthedisaster，theelderlymancollapsed②anditwasaboutthreeminutesbeforehebecameconscious.①v.倒坍，塌下②v.昏倒，晕倒3．Hesecured①asecure②job—securing③thefacilitiesfrombeingstolenordamaged.①v.(尤指经过努力)获得②adj.稳固的③v.保护4．Afteralonghike，myappetite①forawarmmealgrewstrong，butIalsofeltabiggerappetite②toexplorethenearbyforestbeforedusk—bothcravingsmadethedayfeelfullandlively.①n.食欲②n.强烈欲望提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇1．Althoughhefailedtolive(live)uptohisparents’expectations，hisdevotionwastosomeextentmeaningful.2．Inmyopinion，heisstubborn，whichmakesitimpossibletopersuadehimtoassistus.3．Scientistsdedicateyearsofresearchtounderstandingthebiological(biology)mechanisms.4．Trapped(trap)intheruins，thegirlstillheldapositiveattitude，expectingsomegenerouscomradestorescueher.5．Avanwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothefrontoftheclinic.6．Thespecialisthasanappetitefortravelinginhissparetimetorelieveheavypressure.7．Withthelivingcostmountingdramatically，manyyoungpeoplefleebigcitiesforvarious/varied(vary)reasons.8．It’smygreathonortodeliveraspeechonhowtobuildaharmoniouscampusonbehalfofmyschool.9．Anexplosion(explode)occurred，andsubsequentlyallthemaintrainandsubwaystationswereshutdown.10．IoweittoyouthatIcanhandlethecultureshocksosuccessfully.Incomparisonwiththepast，people’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionhasbeenimproveddramaticallyandtheconservationareasarebecominglarger，1.whichmakesthenumberofinhabitantsmultiply.Besides，owing2.tothesubstantialinterventionofthegovernment，effectivemeasures3.aretaken(take)toprotecttheecologyandkeepthebiologicalbalance.4.Apparently(apparent)，alltheeffortsarerewarding.Subsequentlymorelawswhichpreserveanimalsfrom5.beingkilled(kill)comeintoeffect，leadingtoharmonious6.coexistence(coexist)betweenmankind7.andanimals.However,8.toprotect(protect)theendangeredrareanimalsanddecreasethespreadof9.infectious(infect)virusesfromwildanimals，weneedtokeephumansfrominvadingtheirhabitatsandestablishmorenature10.reserves(reserve)．假设你班最近召开了一个关于环境保护的主题班会，请代表你所在的小组作一个主题发言。内容要点：1.目前存在的环境问题或现象；2.为了保护环境，各国政府所做的努力；3.你的看法。完成句子1．与过去相比，目前仍有许多环境保护问题有待解决。(comparedwith；现在分词短语作后置定语)Comparedwiththepast，therearestillmanyproblemsofenvironmentalprotectionatpresentremainingtobesettled.2．由于人类活动，空气、水和土壤的污染非常严重，对全球生态系统产生了不良影响。(owingto，so...that...)Owingtohumanactivity，thepollutionofair，waterandsoilissoseriousthatithasabadeffectontheglobalecosystem.3．动物的数量和森林的面积正在减少，海洋资源的总量也在不断下降。(decrease)Thenumberofanimalsandforestsisdecreasing，andthetotalamountofsearesourcesisalsodeclining.4．尽管面临严峻的挑战，但许多国家的政府采取了许多有效的措施来保护脆弱的环境。(状语从句的省略)Althoughfacedwithseriouschallenges，governmentsofmanycountrieshavetakennumerouseffectivemeasurestoprotectthedelicateenvironment.5．直到国家和个人都共同努力时，我们才能拥有一个更好的环境。(倒装句)Notuntilcountriesandindividualsmakejointeffortscanwehaveabetterenvironment.组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。参考范文Dearclassmates，Ifeelgreatlyprivilegedtovoicemyopinionsaboutprotectingtheenvironmentonbehalfofmygroup.Comparedwiththepast，therearestillmanyproblemsofenvironmentalprotectionatpresentremainingtobesettled.Owingtohumanactivity，thepollutionofair，waterandsoilissoseriousthatithasabadeffectontheglobalecosystem.Forinstance，thenumberofanimalsandforestsisdecreasing，andthetotalamountofsearesourcesisalsodeclining，andit’shightimetosavethemfromdisappearing.Althoughfacedwithseriouschallenges，governmentsofmanycountrieshavetakennumerouseffectivemeasurestoprotectthedelicateenvironment.AsfarasIamconcerned，notuntilcountriesandindividualsmakejointeffortscanwehaveabetterenvironment.Thanksforyourlistening.语料积累动作细节描写：看(一)单词see看见watch观看observe观察view把……视为spot注意到，发现词块lockone’seyeson盯着take/castaglanceat...向……看一眼gapeat目瞪口呆地看comeintoview进入视野eyeswiden瞪大眼睛peepat/through偷看glanceat/around/back/up/down瞥一眼/环视/回头看/向上看/向下看catchaglimpseof瞥见stealaglanceat偷偷瞥一眼句型Itiptoedforwardandglancedbackovermyshoulderfromtimetotimetomakesurethatnoonewasfollowingme.我踮着脚尖向前走，不时回头看一眼，以确保没有人在跟踪我。Seeingnootherpeoplenoticeme，IplacedtheChristmaspresentdown，poundedthedoorbellandthenhidquicklybehindabigtree，peepingatthedoorway.(现在分词短语作状语)看到没有人注意到我，我放下圣诞礼物，按了按门铃，然后迅速躲在一棵大树后面，向门口窥视。Jamescameout，glancedaroundandspottedthebox，hiseyeswideninginsurprise.(动作链描写)詹姆斯走了出来，环顾四周，发现了盒子，他惊讶地睁大了眼睛。Hearingthat，Igapedatmymother，withmyeyesopeninsurprise.(with复合结构)听了这话，我惊讶地瞪大眼睛看着母亲。Watchingwhatmysonshaddone，Icouldn’thelpexclaiming，“Howwarm-heartedyouare！”(现在分词短语作状语)看着儿子们所做的一切，我不禁惊呼：“你们真是太热心了！”语料运用植树造林①AforestcameintoviewandIglancedaround，enjoyingthesurroundingbeautifulscenery.Myuncletoldme，“Thehabitatsofanimalsaswellastheecologyoftheareahadbeendestroyedandtheforestusedtobeawasteland.Later，owingtosomeconservationmeasures，thisforestappearedagain.”②Hearingthat，Igapedatmyuncle，withmyeyesopeninsurprise(with复合结构)．Thedeeperwewalkedintheforest，themoreanimalswespotted.Someanimalslockedtheireyesonuscuriouslywhilesomejust③peepedat/stoleaglanceatustimidly.④Watchingtheselovelyanimalsandgreentrees(现在分词短语作状语)，Icouldn’thelpexclaiming，“Naturetreatsusinthesamewaywetreatit.Toliveinharmonywithit，wearesupposedtorespectit.”一片森林映入眼帘，我环顾四周，欣赏着周围的美景。我叔叔告诉我：“动物的栖息地和这个地区的生态都被破坏了，这片森林曾经是一片荒地。后来，由于一些保护措施，这片森林又出现了。”听了这话，我惊讶地瞪大眼睛，目瞪口呆地看着叔叔。我们越往森林深处走，看到的动物就越多。有些动物好奇地盯着我们，而有些动物只是胆怯地偷偷瞥了我们一眼。看着这些可爱的动物和绿树，我不禁感叹道：“大自然对待我们的方式和我们对待它的方式是一样的。为了与它和谐相处，我们应该尊重它。”单元主题组合练(分值：62.5分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)AWhenyoulookupwardsinthemiddleofaforest，youmightnoticebreaksinthecanopy(树冠);you’llseebranchesandleavesstoppingjustshyoftheneighbouringtrees.Thisiscalledcrownshyness(树冠羞避)．It’sawayofsocialdistancingfortreestokeepthemselveshealthy，accordingtoMegLowman，atreeenergyexpert.Sincetreesfightforsunlightandwater，it’simportantthattheypositiontheircanopies①strategicallytoincreaseasmuchthesuccessoftheirleavesaspossible.Havingsomedistancebetweentreetopscanlowerthechanceofatreelosingitsleavesbybrushingagainstneighbouringtreesinthewind.Thedistancecanalsocurbthespreadofharmfulinsectsanddisease.Treediseasesrangefarandwide.Somearespreadbyinsects，andsomearetheinsectsthemselves，creatingadiseaseinthecanopy.Byseparatingthemselvesfromothers，treescanavoidgettingsick.Whilecrownshynessismostly②observableintropicaltrees，thesamelessonsareapplicabletoothertrees，likeevergreens.Treesthathavemorespacegrowbiggerandhealthier.Healthytreescostlesstomaintain，providebettercoolplaces，andcleanwatermoreeffectively.Ifatreehasdiedofinsectsordisease，Lowmansaysit’simportanttoconsiderwhatisatriskbeforecuttingdownatree.“Wemightlosealotofnativespeciesinourbackyard，ourcommunity，orourecosystem.Treesletinsectssearchforfoodinthem，birdsnestinthem，andepiphytes(附生植物)liveinthem，”shesays.“Treesaretheultimatesupport.”“Wecanlearnfromtrees，”Lowmansays.“Tobegoodneighbours，tobegoodcitizens，andtoalwayshavethatbeautifulbowavailabletopeopleorbiodiversitythatmightneedustoo.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树木的“树冠羞避”现象，即树木之间保持一定距离以减少病虫害传播和保护自身健康。这种现象对森林生态和人类社会都有启示作用。1．Whatcanbeknownaboutcrownshyness?A．Itisobservedinwindyareas.B．Ithelpstreesgrowmoreleaves.C．Ithappensamongalltreespecies.D．Itisaformofhealthycompetition.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It’sawayofsocialdistancingfortreestokeepthemselveshealthy，accordingtoMegLowman，atreeenergyexpert.”可知，树冠羞避是一种健康的竞争方式，有助于树木保持健康。故选D。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“curb”inparagraph3mean?A．Control. B．Keep.C．Widen. D．Speed.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Byseparatingthemselvesfromothers，treescanavoidgettingsick.”可知，距离还可以抑制有害昆虫和疾病的传播，curb意为“控制，抑制”，和control意思相近。故选A。3．Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A．Thewaysofprotectingtrees.B．Thekeyroleofhealthytrees.C．Theeconomicvalueofforests.D．Thereasonforkeepingbiodiversity.答案B解析段落大意题。根据第五段“Healthytreescostlesstomaintain，providebettercoolplaces，andcleanwatermoreeffectively...‘Treesaretheultimatesupport.’”可知，本段主要讲述健康树木的重要作用，比如减少维护成本、提供更舒适的阴凉场所和更有效地净化水源等。故选B。4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkwecanlearnfromtrees?A．Biodiversityneedsoureffort.B．Protectingtreesissignificant.C．Treesandhumansareinseparable.D．Respectingeachotherpromotesharmony.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Wecanlearnfromtrees，’Lowmansays.‘Tobegoodneighbours，tobegoodcitizens，andtoalwayshavethatbeautifulbowavailabletopeopleorbiodiversitythatmightneedustoo.’”可知，我们可以学习树木之间的相互尊重和合作，以达到和谐相处。故选D。语境猜词①strategically(派)＝strategic＋allyadv.战略上地②observable(派)＝observ(e)＋ableadj.看得见的，觉察得到的B(2025·陕西西安二模)AteamofmarinescientistsfromtheUniversityofSydneyhaspublishedthefirstpeer-reviewedstudydocumentingtheshockingcoralbleaching(白化)eventsthatoccurredonthesouthernGreatBarrierReefinearly2024.LedbyProfessorMariaByrnefromtheSchoolofLifeandEnvironmentalSciences，theresearchhighlightsthealarmingimpactof①unprecedentedmarineheatwavesoncoralecosystems，raisingurgentconcernsformarinebiodiversityandthecommunitiesthatdependonthesevitalecosystems.Thestudyprovidescriticalinsightsintotheextentofcoralbleachingandmortality(死亡率)duringthe2023－2024globalmarineheatwave.Theresearchteamcarefullytrackedthehealthof462coralcoloniesattheUniversityofSydney’sGreatBarrierReefresearchstationatOneTreeIslandoveraperiodof161days.Theresultsrevealedthat66percentofthecolonieswerebleachedbyFebruary2024and80percentbyApril.ByJuly,44percentofthebleachedcolonieshaddied，withsomecoralgenera，suchasAcropora，experiencingashocking95percentmortalityrate.“Thisresearchisawake-upcallforpolicymakersandconservationists.Theresilience(恢复力)ofcoralreefsisbeingtestedlikeneverbefore，andwemustprioritisestrategiesthatenhancetheirabilitytowithstandclimatechange.Ourfindings②underscoretheneedforimmediateandeffectivemanagementinterventionstosafeguardtheseecosystems，”saidByrne.Theresearchalsohighlightsthecomplexinterplaybetweenheatstress，diseaseonsetandcoralmortality.Notably，Gonioporacoralsdevelopedblackbanddisease，contributingtothehighmortalityratesobserved.Thestudyemphasisesthattherapidonsetofbleachinganddiseaseincoralspreviouslyconsideredresilientposessignificantchallengesforpredictingthefuturecompositionofcoralreefecosystemsinawarmingworld.Theimplicationsofthisresearchextendbeyondtheecologyandconservation.Coralreefsofferessentialservicestohumancommunities，includingfisheries，tourism，andcoastalprotection.AstheGreatBarrierReeffacesincreasingthreatsfromclimatechange，thestudycallsforacollaborativeapproachtoconservationthatinvolveslocalcommunities，scientists，andpolicymakers.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是悉尼大学的一支海洋科学家团队发表了一项研究，该研究记录了2024年初南大堡礁发生的珊瑚白化事件。研究表明，前所未有的海洋热浪对珊瑚生态系统产生了惊人的影响，引发了人们对海洋生物多样性和依赖这些生态系统的社区的深切担忧。5．Howmaymarinescientistsreacttotheresultoftheresearch?A．Alarmed. B．Surprised.C．Indifferent. D．Disappointed.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段“Theresultsrevealedthat66percentofthecolonieswerebleachedbyFebruary2024and80percentbyApril.ByJuly,44percentofthebleachedcolonieshaddied，withsomecoralgenera，suchasAcropora，experiencingashocking95percentmortalityrate.”和第五段可知，白化的情况很严重，所以海洋科学家对这项研究的结果会感到惊恐，故选A。6．WhatdidByrnewanttoconveyinparagraph5?A．Theneedformoreresearchoncoralbleaching.B．Theimportanceofcoralreefsformarinebiodiversity.C．Theurgencyforimmediatemanagementinterventions.D．Theresilienceofcoralreefsinthefaceofclimatechange.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第五段中“Thisresearchisawake-upcallforpolicymakersandconservationists...Ourfindingsunderscoretheneedforimmediateandeffectivemanagementinterventionstosafeguardtheseecosystems”可知，Byrne在第五段想表达的意思是进行管理干预的紧迫性。故选C。7．Whatdoestheresearchsuggestaboutthefutureofcoralreefs?A．Theywillrecoverquickly.B．Theirfatewillcountonhumanprotection.C．Theywillbefreefromclimatechange.D．Theywillbenefitfromhumanactivities.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第五段和最后一段中“AstheGreatBarrierReeffacesincreasingthreatsfromclimatechange，thestudycallsforacollaborativeapproachtoconservationthatinvolveslocalcommunities，scientists，andpolicymakers.”可推知，这项研究表明珊瑚礁未来的命运取决于人类的保护。故选B。8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheBeautyoftheGreatBarrierReefB．StrategiesforCoralReefConservationC．ANewMethodforStudyingCoralBleachingD．CycleofCoralBleachingatDangerouslevels答案D解析标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第四段可知，本文主要讲的是悉尼大学的一支海洋科学家团队发表了一项研究，该研究记录了2024年初南大堡礁发生的珊瑚白化事件。研究表明，前所未有的海洋热浪对珊瑚生态系统产生了惊人的影响，引发了人们对海洋生物多样性和依赖这些生态系统的社区的深切担忧，因此D选项适合作文章标题。故选D。语境猜词①unprecedented(派)＝un＋precedent＋edadj.前所未有的，史无前例的②underscore(合)＝under＋scorev．强调Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)(2026·山西太原期中)TheCareerPlanningGuideforHighSchoolStudentsIt’snevertooearlytostartplanningyourcareer!Havinganideaofyourpersonalcareergoalscanbeahugeadvantageforthrivingathighschool.Buttheanxietyofcareerplanningmakesmanystudents①holdback.1Certainlynot.Actually，it’smucheasiertoenjoythejourneywhenyouknowyou’reontherightpath!Hereisathree-stepguideforcareerplanning.·Knowyourself.Honestlyassessyourstrengthsandweaknesses，andyou’llbegintounderstandhowtomakeuseofyourstrengthsinthemosteffectiveway，aswellashowtoimproveonyourweaknesses.2·Matchskillsandinterests.Sometimesyourskillsandinterestsmaynotalign(一致)perfectlywithasinglecareer.Theymightpointtowardsmultiplepaths.3Forexample，apassionforwritingcanopendoorsinmanycareersincludingcopy-writing，marketingandjournalism.Similarly，aninterestinmathematicscouldleadtowardsacareerindatascience，economicsorevengamedesign.·4Pickingacareerthatsuitsyoufromhundredsofpossibilitiescanseemabitoverwhe