2025-2026年陕西省部编版初中英语下册语法专项训练题库

2025-2026年陕西省部编版初中英语下册语法专项训练题库一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据单元主题，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项：A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarytoborrowbookslastweekend.B.MybrotherhaslivedinShanghaiforfiveyearswhenIwasachild.C.WewillvisittheGreatWallifitdoesn’traintomorrow.D.Theteachertoldusthattheymadeamistakeyesterday.参考答案：C解析：选项A错误，"lastweekend"提示应用一般过去时；选项B错误，"whenIwasachild"提示应用一般过去时；选项C正确，"if"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时；选项D错误，"told"提示从句应用过去时，但"made"与"told"时态矛盾。2.选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项：A.Thereisaappleonthetable.B.Idrinkcoffeeeverymorning.C.ShegoestoschoolbybuslastTuesday.D.Thisismyfirsttimetovisitthemuseum.参考答案：B解析：选项A错误，"aapple"应为"a/anapple"；选项B正确，"coffee"为不可数名词，前不用冠词；选项C错误，"lastTuesday"提示应用一般过去时；选项D错误，"tovisit"应为"tovisit"。3.选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项：A.Hearrivedatthestationin8o’clockyesterdaymorning.B.Thebookisonthetablenearthewindow.C.Sheisinterestedinplaythepiano.D.TheywenttotheparkonfootlastSunday.参考答案：B解析：选项A错误，"in8o’clock"应为"at8o’clock"；选项B正确，"onthetable"和"nearthewindow"均使用正确；选项C错误，"interestedin"后应用名词形式；选项D错误，"onfoot"意为"步行"，但"lastSunday"提示应用一般过去时。4.选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项：A.ThisisabookwhichTomgavemelastweek.B.MysisterandIaregoingtothecinema,andshewilltakeyoutoo.C.Everystudentinourclasshasacomputer,butmineisbroken.D.WhoistheboythatistalkingtoMary?参考答案：C解析：选项A错误，"which"应为"that"；选项B错误，"shewilltakeyoutoo"应改为"hewilltakeyoutoo"；选项C正确，"mine"指代"mycomputer"；选项D错误，"that"应为"whom"。5.选择下列句子中形容词和副词使用正确的一项：A.Shesingsbeautifullyatthepartylastnight.B.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.C.Hisbrotheristallerthanme.D.Theweatheristoobadtogoout.参考答案：A解析：选项A正确，"beautifully"修饰动词"sings"；选项B错误，"mostinteresting"应为"mostinterestingone"；选项C错误，"thanme"应为"thanI"；选项D错误，"bad"应为"badly"。6.选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项：A.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.B.Shehasfinishedherhomeworkfortwohours.C.TheywerewatchingTVwhenthephonerang.D.Myfatherwillcallyouassoonashearrives.参考答案：D解析：选项A正确，"if"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时；选项B错误，"fortwohours"提示应用现在完成时；选项C正确，"when"引导时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时；选项D正确，"assoonas"引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时。7.选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项：A.Iaminterestedintoplaytheguitar.B.Shewenttothepartywithouttoeatdinner.C.ReadingbookscanhelpusimproveourEnglish.D.Heisknowntobethebestplayerintheteam.参考答案：C解析：选项A错误，"interestedin"后应用动名词；选项B错误，"without"后应用动名词；选项C正确，"Readingbooks"作主语；选项D错误，"tobe"应为"tobe"。8.选择下列句子中句子结构使用正确的一项：A.ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.B.Theteacheraskedustofinishthehomeworkyesterday.C.Sheissotiredthatshecan’tgotobed.D.Theywenttothemuseumbecausetheyhadnothingtodo.参考答案：C解析：选项A正确，"Itisimportantforustodosomething"结构；选项B错误，"tofinish"应为"tofinishit"；选项C正确，"so…that…"结构；选项D错误，"because"引导原因状语从句，但逻辑不符。9.选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项：A.Heisgoodatplaybasketball.B.Sheisinterestedintoreadbooks.C.Theywenttothepartyforfun.D.Iamusedtogetupearly.参考答案：C解析：选项A错误，"goodat"后应用动名词；选项B错误，"interestedin"后应用动名词；选项C正确，"forfun"意为"为了乐趣"；选项D错误，"usedto"后应用动词原形。10.选择下列句子中固定句型使用正确的一项：A.Itisraining,sowecan’tgoout.B.Sheisgoodattoplaythepiano.C.Iamtiredoftostudymath.D.Heisinterestedinplaytheguitar.参考答案：A解析：选项A正确，"Itisraining"为天气句型；选项B错误，"goodat"后应用动名词；选项C错误，"tiredof"后应用动名词；选项D错误，"interestedin"后应用动名词。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Mysister______(go)tothelibraryeverySunday.参考答案：goes解析：根据"everySunday"应用一般现在时，主语"mysister"为第三人称单数，动词加"s"。2.They______(notfinish)theirhomeworkyet.参考答案：havenotfinished解析：根据"yet"应用现在完成时，否定形式为"havenot+过去分词"。3.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillstayathome.参考答案：rains解析：条件状语从句中，当主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。4.Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepiano.参考答案：playing解析："interestedin"后应用动名词。5.Mybrother______(live)inBeijingfortenyears.参考答案：haslived解析：根据"fortenyears"应用现在完成时。6.Thebookis______(interest)becauseittellsastoryaboutanimals.参考答案：interesting解析："interesting"形容物，意为"有趣的"。7.Theywenttotheparty______(enjoy)themselves.参考答案：toenjoy解析："toenjoy"作目的状语。8.Iamtiredof______(clean)thehouseeveryday.参考答案：cleaning解析："tiredof"后应用动名词。9.ThisisthefirsttimeI______(visit)themuseum.参考答案：havevisited解析："thefirsttime"后应用现在完成时。10.Sheisgoodat______(speak)English.参考答案：speaking解析："goodat"后应用动名词。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1."IwillcallyouwhenIfinishmyhomework."这句话中，"when"引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时。参考答案：正确解析："when"引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时符合语法规则。2."Thebookistoodifficulttoread."这句话中，"too…to…"意为"太…以至于不能…"。参考答案：正确解析："too…to…"为固定搭配，意为"太…以至于不能…"。3."Sheisinterestedinplaytheguitar."这句话中，"interestedin"后应用动名词。参考答案：错误解析：正确应为"interestedinplayingtheguitar"。4."Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothezoo."这句话中，"if"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时。参考答案：正确解析："if"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时符合语法规则。5."Theywenttothepartyforfun."这句话中，"forfun"意为"为了乐趣"。参考答案：正确解析："forfun"意为"为了乐趣"，符合固定搭配。6."Iamtiredofcleanthehouseeveryday."这句话中，"tiredof"后应用动名词。参考答案：正确解析：正确应为"tiredofcleaningthehouse"。7."ThisisthefirsttimeIvisitthemuseum."这句话中，"thefirsttime"后应用现在完成时。参考答案：错误解析：正确应为"ThisisthefirsttimeIhavevisitedthemuseum"。8."Sheisgoodattoplaythepiano."这句话中，"goodat"后应用动名词。参考答案：错误解析：正确应为"goodatplayingthepiano"。9."Thebookisinterestingbecauseittellsastoryaboutanimals."这句话中，"interesting"形容人。参考答案：错误解析："interesting"形容物，意为"有趣的"。10."Hewenttothepartybecausehehadnothingtodo."这句话中，"because"引导原因状语从句。参考答案：正确解析："because"引导原因状语从句符合语法规则。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.简述一般现在时和现在进行时的区别。参考答案：一般现在时用于描述经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，或客观事实；现在进行时用于描述正在进行的动作或状态。例如："HeplaysbasketballeverySunday."（一般现在时）和"Heisplayingbasketballnow."（现在进行时）。2.简述"too…to…"和"so…that…"的区别。参考答案："too…to…"意为"太…以至于不能…"，表示程度过高导致无法做某事；"so…that…"意为"太…以至于…"，表示程度过高导致某种结果。例如："Heistootiredtowalk."和"Sheissotiredthatshecan’twalk."3.简述"interestedin"和"goodat"的区别。参考答案："interestedin"表示对某事感兴趣，后接动名词；"goodat"表示擅长做某事，后接动名词。例如："Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano."和"Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano."4.简述"forfun"和"fornothing"的区别。参考答案："forfun"意为"为了乐趣"；"fornothing"意为"无偿地，没有原因地"。例如："Theywenttothepartyforfun."和"Hediditfornothing."5.简述"tiredof"和"boredwith"的区别。参考答案："tiredof"表示对某事感到厌倦；"boredwith"表示对某事感到无聊。例如："Iamtiredofcleaningthehouse."和"IamboredwithwatchingTV."6.简述"thefirsttime"和"thesecondtime"的区别。参考答案："thefirsttime"后应用现在完成时，表示第一次做某事；"thesecondtime"后应用一般过去时，表示第二次做某事。例如："ThisisthefirsttimeIhavevisitedthemuseum."和"Itwasthesecondtimehewentthere."7.简述"because"和"so"的区别。参考答案："because"引导原因状语从句，表示直接原因；"so"引导结果状语从句，表示结果。例如："Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus."和"Hemissedthebus,sohewaslate."8.简述"goodat"和"interestedin"的区别。参考答案："goodat"表示擅长做某事；"interestedin"表示对某事感兴趣。例如："Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano."和"Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano."五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.根据句意，完成下列句子：(1)Sheoften______(go)tothelibrarytoborrowbooks.参考答案：goes(2)They______(notfinish)theirhomeworkyet.参考答案：havenotfinished(3)Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillstayathome.参考答案：rains(4)Mybrother______(live)inBeijingfortenyears.参考答案：haslived(5)Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepiano.参考答案：playing(6)Iamtiredof______(clean)thehouseeveryday.参考答案：cleaning2.根据句意，改写下列句子：(1)"Heisgoodatplaybasketball."改为正确形式：参考答案：Heisgoodatplayingbasketball.(2)"Sheisinterestedintoreadbooks."改为正确形式：参考答案：Sheisinterestedinreadingbooks.(3)"Thebookistoodifficulttoread."改为正确形式：参考答案：Thebookistoodifficulttoread.（无需改动）(4)"Iamtiredofcleanthehouseeveryday."改为正确形式：参考答案：Iamtiredofcleaningthehouseeveryday.(5)"ThisisthefirsttimeIvisitthemuseum."改为正确形式：参考答案：ThisisthefirsttimeIhavevisitedthemuseum.(6)"Sheisgoodattoplaythepiano."改为正确形式：参考答案：Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano.3.根据句意，完成下列对话：A:What______you______lastweekend?B:I______tothelibrarytoborrowbooks.A:______it______?B:Yes,it______mealotoftime.参考答案：A:Whatdidyoudolastweekend?B:Iwenttothelibrarytoborrowbooks.A:Wasitinteresting?B:Yes,ittookmealotoftime.4.根据句意，完成下列短文：Mysister______(go)tothelibraryeverySunday.She______(be)interestedinreadingbooks.Lastweek,she______(find)averyinterestingbookaboutanimals.She______(read)iteverydayand______(notfinish)ityet.I______(tell)hertotakehertime,butshe______(say)shewantstofinishitassoonaspossible.参考答案：MysistergoestothelibraryeverySunday.Sheisinterestedinreadingbooks.Lastweek,shefoundaveryinterestingbookaboutanimals.Shereadsiteverydayandhasnotfinishedityet.Itoldhertotakehertime,butshesaidshewantstofinishitassoonaspossible.5.根据句意，完成下列句子：(1)She______(be)tiredof______(clean)thehouseeveryday.参考答案：istiredofcleaningthehouseeveryday.(2)ThisisthefirsttimeI______(visit)themuseum.参考答案：havevisited(3)Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(notgo)totheparty.参考答案：rains,willnotgo(4)He______(be)goodat______(play)thepiano.参考答案：isgoodatplayingthepiano.(5)I______(be)interestedin______(play)theguitar.参考答案：aminterestedinplayingtheguitar.6.根据句意，完成下列句子：(1)She______(go)tothelibraryeverySunday.参考答案：goes(2)They______(notfinish)theirhomeworkyet.参考答案：havenotfinished(3)Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(stay)athome.参考答案：rains,willstay(4)Mybrother______(live)inBeijingfortenyears.参考答案：haslived(5)Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepiano.参考答案：playing(6)Iamtiredof______(clean)thehouseeveryday.参考答案：cleaning【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C解析：选项A错误，"lastweekend"提示应用一般过去时；选项B错误，"whenIwasachild"提示应用一般过去时；选项C正确，"if"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时；选项D错误，"told"提示从句应用过去时，但"made"与"told"时态矛盾。2.B解析：选项A错误，"aapple"应为"a/anapple"；选项B正确，"coffee"为不可数名词，前不用冠词；选项C错误，"lastTuesday"提示应用一般过去时；选项D错误，"tovisit"应为"tovisit"。3.B解析：选项A错误，"in8o’clock"应为"at8o’clock"；选项B正确，"onthetable"和"nearthewindow"均使用正确；选项C错误，"interestedin"后应用名词形式；选项D错误，"onfoot"意为"步行"，但"lastSunday"提示应用一般过去时。4.C解析：选项A错误，"which"应为"that"；选项B错误，"shewilltakeyoutoo"应改为"hewilltakeyoutoo"；选项C正确，"mine"指代"mycomputer"；选项D错误，"that"应为"whom"。5.A解析：选项A正确，"beautifully"修饰动词"sings"；选项B错误，"mostinteresting"应为"mostinterestingone"；选项C错误，"thanme"应为"thanI"；选项D错误，"bad"应为"badly"。6.D解析：选项A正确，"if"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时；选项B错误，"fortwohours"提示应用现在完成时；选项C正确，"when"引导时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时；选项D正确，"assoonas"引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时。7.C解析：选项A错误，"interestedin"后应用动名词；选项B错误，"without"后应用动名词；选项C正确，"Readingbooks"作主语；选项D错误，"tobe"应为"tobe"。8.C解析：选项A正确，"Itisimportantforustodosomething"结构；选项B错误，"tofinish"应为"tofinishit"；选项C正确，"so…that…"结构；选项D错误，"because"引导原因状语从句，但逻辑不符。9.C解析：选项A错误，"goodat"后应用动名词；选项B错误，"interestedin"后应用动名词；选项C正确，"forfun"意为"为了乐趣"；选项D错误，"usedto"后应用动词原形。10.A解析：选项A正确，"Itisraining"为天气句型；选项B错误，"goodat"后应用动名词；选项C错误，"tiredof"后应用动名词；选项D错误，"interestedin"后应用动名词。二、填空题1.goes解析：根据"everySunday"应用一般现在时，主语"mysister"为第三人称单数，动词加"s"。2.havenotfinished解析：根据"yet"应用现在完成时，否定形式为"havenot+过去分词"。3.rains解析：条件状语从句中，当主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。4.playing解析："interestedin"后应用动名词。5.haslived解析：根据"fortenyears"应用现在完成时。6.interesting解析："interesting"形容物，意为"有趣的"。7.toenjoy解析："toenjoy"作目的状语。8.cleaning解析："tiredof"后应用动名词。9.havevisited解析："thefirsttime"后应用现在完成时。10.speaking解析："goodat"后应用动名词。三、判断题1.正确解析："when"引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时符合语法规则。2.正确解析："too…to…"为固定搭配，意为"太…以至于不能…"。3.错误解析：正确应为"interestedinplayingtheguitar"。4.正确解析："if"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时符合语法规则。5.正确解析："forfun"意为"为了乐趣"，符合固定搭配。6.正确解析：正确应为"tiredofcleaningthehouse"。7.错误解析：正确应为"ThisisthefirsttimeIhavevisitedthemuseum"。8.错误解析：正确应为"goodatplayingthepiano"。9.错误解析："interesting"形容物，意为"有趣的"。10.正确解析："because"引导原因状语从句符合语法规则。四、简答题1.一般现在时用于描述经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，或客观事实；现在进行时用于描述正在进行的动作或状态。例如："HeplaysbasketballeverySunday."（一般现在时）和"Heisplayingbasketballnow."（现在进行时）。2."too…to…"意为"太…以至于不能…"，表示程度过高导致无法做某事；"so…that…"意为"太…以至于…"，表示程度过高导致某种结果。例如："Heistootiredtowalk."和"Sheissotiredthatshecan’twalk."3."interestedin"表示对某事感兴趣，后接动名词；"goodat"表示擅长做某事，后接动名词。例如："Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano."和"Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano."4."forfun"意为"为了乐趣"；"fornothing"意为"无偿地，没有原因地"。例如："Theywenttothepartyforfun."和"Hediditfornothing."5."tiredof"表示对某事感到厌倦；"boredwith"表示对某事感到无聊。例如："Iamtiredofcleaningthehouse."和"IamboredwithwatchingTV."6."thefirsttime"后应用现在完成时，表示第一次做某事；"thesecondtime"后应用一般过去时，表示第二次做某事。例如："ThisisthefirsttimeIhavevisitedthemuseum."和"Itwasthesecondtimehewentthere."7."because"引导原因状语从句，表示直接原因；"so"引导结果状语从句，表示结果。例如："Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus."和"Hemissedthebus,sohewaslate."8."goodat"表示擅长做某事；"interestedin"表示对某事感兴趣。例如："Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano."和"Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano."五、应用题1.根据句意，完成下列句子：(1)Sheoftengoestothelibrarytoborrowbooks.(2)Theyhavenotfinishedtheirhomeworkyet.(3)Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.(4)MybrotherhaslivedinBeijingfortenyears.(5)Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano.(6)Iamtiredofcleaningthehouseeveryday.2.根据句意，改写下列句子：(1)"Heisgood