2025-2026年浙江省部编版高中英语高三年级下册第5单元完形填空题库

2025-2026年浙江省部编版高中英语高三年级下册第5单元完形填空题库一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassageismainlyabouttheimportanceof______inmodernsociety.A.technologicalinnovationandeconomicgrowthB.culturaldiversityandenvironmentalprotectionC.socialharmonyandsustainabledevelopmentD.politicalstabilityandinternationalcooperation解析：本题考查单元主题“GlobalChallenges”。文章首段明确指出“theinterconnectedworldfacesunprecedentedchallenges”，随后列举了气候变化、资源短缺等具体问题，最后强调“globalcooperationisessentialtoaddresstheseissues”。选项A中的“technologicalinnovation”虽在文中提及，但并非核心；选项B的“culturaldiversity”未涉及；选项D的“politicalstability”与文章主旨无关。正确答案为C，因为文章多次强调“socialharmony”和“sustainabledevelopment”是应对全球挑战的关键策略。2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisthemosturgentproblemtosolve?A.EconomicinequalitybetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountriesB.TherapidspreadofartificialintelligenceandautomationC.ThedeclineoftraditionalindustriesduetoglobalizationD.Theincreasinggapbetweenurbanandruralareas解析：本题考查细节理解。文章第二段以“Amongallchallenges,climatechangeposesthegreatestthreattohumanity”开篇，并详细论述其危害及应对措施。选项A虽在文中提及，但被描述为“asignificantissuebutnotthemosturgent”；选项B和C属于技术或经济问题，文章未将其列为首要挑战。正确答案为D，因为文中提到“thedisparitybetweenurbanandruralregionsexacerbatessocialtensions”，但并未将其列为最紧迫问题，故选项D与原文矛盾。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbated”inparagraph3mean?A.ImprovedB.WorsenedC.IgnoredD.Addressed解析：本题考查词汇理解。根据上下文，“thegapbetweenurbanandruralareashasbeenexacerbatedbyrapidurbanization”，结合“exacerbate”的常见含义（使恶化），选项B最符合语境。其他选项中，“improved”与文意相反；“ignored”和“addressed”均与原文逻辑不符。4.Thepassagesuggeststhatgovernmentsshouldtakewhichofthefollowingactions?A.EncouragebusinessestoinvestinrenewableenergyprojectsB.IncreasemilitaryspendingtoprotectnationalsecurityC.ReducetaxestostimulateeconomicgrowthD.Limitimmigrationtocontrolpopulationgrowth解析：本题考查推理判断。文章第四段提到“governmentsmustimplementpoliciestopromotesustainablepractices”，并举例说明“subsidizinggreenenergyinitiatives”的效果。选项A与原文一致；选项B和C未在文中提及；选项D与“socialharmony”主题矛盾。正确答案为A。5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardglobalcooperation?A.SkepticalB.SupportiveC.IndifferentD.Uncertain解析：本题考查作者态度。全文多次强调“collaborationisvitaltoovercomechallenges”，如“nosinglenationcansolvetheseissuesalone”。选项B的“supportive”与文意一致；其他选项中，“skeptical”与文章积极基调不符，“indifferent”和“uncertain”均未体现作者观点。6.Theword“unprecedented”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.OrdinaryB.UnusualC.ExpectedD.Planned解析：本题考查词汇理解。“unprecedentedchallenges”指“前所未有的挑战”，选项B“unusual”最贴切。其他选项中，“ordinary”与文意相反，“expected”和“planned”均与“突发性”矛盾。7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconsequenceofclimatechange?A.IncreasedjobopportunitiesinurbanareasB.TheriseofrenewableenergyindustriesC.MorefrequentnaturaldisastersD.Improvedlivingstandardsinruralregions解析：本题考查细节理解。文章第三段明确指出“climatechangeleadstomoreextremeweatherevents”，如洪水、干旱等。选项C与原文一致；其他选项中，“increasedjobopportunities”和“renewableenergyindustries”虽在文中提及，但并非气候变化的直接后果；“improvedlivingstandards”与文意相反。8.Thephrase“adouble-edgedsword”inparagraph4refersto:A.ApositiveandnegativeeffectoftechnologyB.Agovernment’sdifficultdecisionC.AculturalexchangebetweennationsD.Ascientificbreakthrough解析：本题考查修辞理解。“double-edgedsword”比喻“一把双刃剑”，指既有利又有弊的事物。文章第四段讨论“globalization”既促进经济增长，又加剧贫富差距，故选项A最符合语境。其他选项中，“difficultdecision”和“culturalexchange”未涉及；“scientificbreakthrough”与“globalization”主题无关。9.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefutureofhumanity?A.HumanityisdoomedtofaceendlesscrisesB.HumanitycanovercomechallengeswithdeterminationC.HumanitywillignoreglobalissuesinthelongrunD.Humanityhasnochoicebuttorelyontechnology解析：本题考查主旨推断。文章结尾段总结“ifhumanityunites,wecancreateabetterfuture”，强调“hopeliesincollectiveaction”。选项B与文意一致；其他选项中，“doomed”过于悲观，“ignore”和“relysolelyontechnology”与文章积极基调矛盾。10.Thepassageismostlikelytakenfromwhichofthefollowingsources?A.AscientificjournalB.ApoliticalspeechC.AnewspapereditorialD.Atextbook解析：本题考查文体判断。文章结构清晰，先提出问题，再分析原因，最后给出解决方案，符合“editorial”的典型特征。其他选项中，“scientificjournal”过于专业，“politicalspeech”语言更具煽动性，“textbook”内容更系统化。正确答案为C。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thearticlehighlightstheneedfor______totackleenvironmentaldegradation.解析：空格处应填“internationalcooperation”，原文第三段明确指出“nocountrycantackleclimatechangealone”。2.Accordingtothepassage,rapidurbanizationhas______thegapbetweencitiesandruralareas.解析：空格处应填“widened”，原文第三段提到“urbanizationhaswidenedthedisparity”。3.Theauthorsuggeststhatrenewableenergyshouldbe______toencouragesustainabledevelopment.解析：空格处应填“subsidized”，原文第四段提到“governmentsshouldsubsidizegreenenergyinitiatives”。4.Theword“disparity”inparagraph2refersto______.解析：空格处应填“difference”，原文描述“thedisparitybetweeneconomicconditionsindevelopedanddevelopingcountries”。5.Thephrase“adouble-edgedsword”impliesthatglobalizationhasboth______and______effects.解析：空格处应填“positive”和“negative”，原文第四段提到“globalizationbringseconomicgrowthbutalsoinequality”。6.Theauthorbelievesthatthegreatestthreattohumanityis______.解析：空格处应填“climatechange”，原文第二段明确指出“climatechangeposesthegreatestthreat”。7.Tosolveglobalchallenges,nationsmust______.解析：空格处应填“worktogether”，原文多次强调“globalcooperationisessential”。8.Theunderlinedword“exacerbated”means______.解析：空格处应填“worsened”，根据上下文，“thegaphasbeenexacerbatedbyurbanization”。9.Thepassagesuggeststhatgovernmentsshould______toreducepoverty.解析：空格处应填“implementpolicies”，原文第四段提到“governmentsmustimplementpoliciestopromotesocialequity”。10.Theauthor’sattitudetowardglobalissuesis______.解析：空格处应填“concernedandhopeful”，全文既指出问题，又强调解决方案的可能性。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagearguesthattechnologicaladvancementisthemainsolutiontoglobalchallenges.解析：错误。文章强调“technologycanhelp,butitisnotenoughwithoutcooperation”，故选项与原文矛盾。2.Climatechangeprimarilyaffectsdevelopedcountries,notdevelopingones.解析：错误。文章第二段提到“developingcountriesaremorevulnerabletoclimatechange’simpacts”，故选项与原文矛盾。3.Theauthorbelievesthateconomicinequalityisthemosturgentproblemtosolve.解析：错误。文章明确指出“climatechangeisthemosturgent”，故选项与原文矛盾。4.Governmentsshouldfocusonincreasingmilitaryspendingtosolveglobalissues.解析：错误。文章建议“reducemilitarybudgetstofundsustainableprojects”，故选项与原文矛盾。5.Thephrase“unprecedentedchallenges”meansordinaryproblems.解析：错误。“unprecedented”意为“前所未有的”，与“ordinary”相反。6.Theauthorsuggeststhatimmigrationshouldbelimitedtocontrolpopulationgrowth.解析：错误。文章未提及移民问题，且第四段强调“socialharmony”，故选项无依据。7.Theword“disparity”referstoapositivedifferencebetweenregions.解析：错误。“disparity”指“差距”，通常带有负面含义，故选项与原文矛盾。8.Theauthorbelievesthathumanityhasnohopeofsolvingglobalchallenges.解析：错误。文章结尾段强调“hopeliesincollectiveaction”，故选项与原文矛盾。9.Thepassageismostlikelyfromascientificjournalbecauseitdiscussesclimatechangeindetail.解析：错误。文章语言更偏向“editorial”，而非“scientificjournal”的严谨风格。10.Theauthorsuggeststhatbusinessesshouldignoreenvironmentalissuestofocusonprofits.解析：错误。文章第四段提到“businessesshouldinvestinsustainablepractices”，故选项与原文矛盾。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Whatarethethreemainglobalchallengesmentionedinthepassage?2.Whydoestheauthorbelievethatglobalcooperationisessential?3.Howdoesclimatechangeaffectdevelopingcountriesdifferentlyfromdevelopedones?4.Whatdoesthephrase“adouble-edgedsword”meaninthecontextofglobalization?5.Whyshouldgovernmentssubsidizerenewableenergyprojects?6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofhumanity?7.Howdoesrapidurbanizationexacerbatesocialproblems?8.Whatisthemainmessageofthepassage?五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareastudentleader.Writeashortspeech(100words)encouragingyourclassmatestoparticipateinaschool-widerecyclingprogram.Includeatleasttwobenefitsofrecycling.2.Imagineyouareajournalist.Writeanewsreport(120words)aboutagovernment’splantoreducecarbonemissionsby50%by2030.3.Createatable(50words)summarizingthecausesandeffectsofclimatechange.4.Writealetter(80words)toalocalpoliticiansuggestingwaystoimproveurban-ruralrelations.5.Designaposter(40words)promotingsustainableliving.Includeatleasttwoactionspeoplecantake.6.Writeashortdebate(60words)betweentwostudentsonwhethertechnologyishelpingorhurtingtheenvironment.7.Createaflowchart(30words)showinghowglobalcooperationcansolveenvironmentalproblems.8.Writeapoem(40words)abouttheimportanceofprotectingnature.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.A3.B4.A5.B6.B7.C8.A9.B10.C解析：每题均根据原文逻辑和词汇含义判断，选项设置避免重复，干扰项贴合易错点。二、填空题1.internationalcooperation2.widened3.subsidized4.difference5.positive/negative6.climatechange7.worktogether8.worsened9.implementpolicies10.concernedandhopeful解析：空格内容均来自原文，考查词汇和细节理解。三、判断题1.F2.F3.F4.F5.F6.F7.F8.F9.F10.F解析：每题均与原文观点相反，考查逆向思维和批判性阅读能力。四、简答题1.参考答案：climatechange（影响：extremeweather,biodiversityloss）、economicinequality（影响：poverty,resourcescarcity）、socialharmony（问题：urban-ruralgap,culturalconflicts）。解析：需覆盖三个核心挑战及其影响。2.参考答案：globalproblemsareinterconnected（如climatechangeaffectsallnations）；nosinglecountryhasenoughresourcestosolvethemalone（需联合行动）。解析：答出“相互关联”和“资源不足”两点得满分。3.参考答案：developingcountrieslackfundstoadapt（如nomoneyforflooddefenses）；developedcountriescanaffordbettertechnology（如carboncapturesystems）。解析：答出资源差异得满分。4.参考答案：globalizationboostseconomy（trade,jobs）；butcreatesinequality（wealthgap,joblossesinsomesectors）。解析：需覆盖利弊两方面。5.参考答案：reducepollution（greenhousegases）；promotesustainability（long-termresources）；stimulateeconomy（newindustries）。解析：答出至少两点得满分。6.参考答案：hopeful（believeshumanitycanimprove）；cautious（awareofchallenges）；determined（callsforaction）。解析：需体现积极态度和行动呼吁。7.参考答案：urbanizationincreasesdemandforhousing（pricesrise）；createspollution（cars,factories）；widensincomegap（urbanjobsvsruralfarming）。解析：答出至少两点得满分。8.参考答案：globalchallengesneedglobalsolutions（nocountrycansolvealone）；humanitymustuniteforsustainability（cooperationiskey）。解析：需概括核心观点。五、应用题1.参考答案：“Helloeveryone!Today,Icallonyoutojoinourrecyclingprogram.Recyclinghelpsreducewasteinlandfillsandsavesnaturalresources.Everybottle,paper,andplasticcounts!Let’sworktogethertomakeourschoolgreener.Thankyou!”解析：需包含号召、至少两个环保效益。2.参考答案：“BreakingNews:LocalGovernmentAnnouncesPlantoCutCarbonEmissionsby50%by2030.Thenewpolicyincludesinvestinginwindandsolarpower,andreducingindustrialemissions.Whilesomebusinessesworryaboutcosts,expertssaythiswillcreatejobsandimproveairquality.Publicsupportiscrucialforsuccess.”解析：需包含政策、措施、影响。3.参考答案：|Causes