2025-2026年北师大版高一英语第5单元语法练习题

2025-2026年北师大版高一英语第5单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewEnglishtextbookintroducesseveralimportantgrammaticalstructuresthatstudentsneedtomaster,includingtheuseofthepresentperfecttense.Whichsentencecorrectlydemonstratestheformationofthepresentperfecttense?A.Shehasgonetothelibrary.B.Heiseatingdinnernow.C.Theywillfinishtheprojecttomorrow.D.Shewenttothelibraryyesterday.解析：选项A正确使用了现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响或结果，符合现在完成时的构成规则（have/has+过去分词）。选项B是现在进行时，选项C是将来时，选项D是过去时，均不符合现在完成时的结构要求。现在完成时强调动作的完成性与现在的关系，常与already,yet,just等副词连用，或用于表示从过去持续到现在的动作。2.Inthe5thunitofthe2025-2026BeishiduHighSchoolEnglishcurriculum,studentslearnaboutthedifferencebetweenthesimplepresenttenseandthepresentcontinuoustense.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentcontinuoustensetodescribeanactionhappeningatthemomentofspeaking?A.Heisplayingbasketballeveryweekend.B.Shehasfinishedherhomework.C.Theyarewatchingamovierightnow.D.Thecatsleepsonthesofa.解析：选项C正确使用了现在进行时，表示动作正在发生，符合现在进行时的用法。选项A是简单现在时，表示习惯性动作；选项B是现在完成时，表示动作已完成；选项D是简单现在时，描述一般性事实。现在进行时常与now,atthemoment等时间状语连用，或用于描述即将发生的计划。3.Thegrammarsectioninthe5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishtextbookemphasizestheuseofpassivevoice.Whichsentencecorrectlytransformstheactivesentence"Theteacherexplainedthegrammarrule"intopassivevoice?A.Thegrammarrulewasexplainedbytheteacher.B.Theteacherexplainedthegrammarruleyesterday.C.Thegrammarrulehasbeenexplainedbytheteacher.D.Theteacherisexplainingthegrammarrule.解析：选项A正确使用了被动语态，将主动句转换为被动句（主语+be动词+过去分词）。选项B保留了主动语态并添加了时间状语；选项C使用了现在完成时的被动语态，但原句未表示动作完成；选项D是现在进行时的主动语态。被动语态常用于强调动作的承受者而非执行者。4.Inthe5thunit,studentsareintroducedtotheuseofrelativeclauses.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesarelativeclausetomodifythenoun"girl"?A.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.B.Thegirl,whoiswearingabluedress,ismysister.C.Thegirliswearingabluedress,whoismysister.D.Thegirlismysister,wearingabluedress.解析：选项A正确使用了限定性定语从句（who引导，修饰girl），且从句紧接先行词。选项B使用了逗号隔开的非限定性定语从句，但结构错误；选项C和D的从句位置和连接词使用不当。限定性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开，非限定性定语从句用逗号连接。5.The5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishcurriculumincludesasectionontheuseofmodalslike"can,""may,"and"must."Whichsentencecorrectlyexpressespermissionusing"may"?A.Youcanborrowmybook.B.Youmaygotothelibrary.C.Hemustfinishhishomework.D.Shewillcallyoulater.解析：选项B正确使用了情态动词may表示许可，句意为“你可以去图书馆”。选项A使用了can表示能力；选项C使用了must表示必须；选项D是将来时态。情态动词may常用于请求或给予许可，而can表示能力，must表示强制性。6.Inthe5thunit,studentslearnabouttheuseofthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthistensetodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent?A.ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears.B.Hehasfinishedhiswork.C.Theyareplayingbasketballnow.D.Therainhasstopped.解析：选项A正确使用了现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在（forthreeyears）。选项B是现在完成时；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。7.The5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishtextbookincludesasectionontheuseofreportedspeech.Whichsentencecorrectlytransformsthedirectspeech"Hesaid,'Iamtired'"intoreportedspeech?A.Hesaidthathewastired.B.Hesaidthatheistired.C.Hesaidthathehasbeentired.D.Hesaidthathewillbetired.解析：选项A正确将直接引语转换为间接引语，时态从现在变为过去（am→was）。选项B保留了原时态；选项C和D使用了错误的时态转换。间接引语中，人称、时态、语态通常需要根据主句时态进行调整。8.Inthe5thunit,studentslearnabouttheuseofthesimplefuturetensewith"will"and"begoingto."Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"begoingto"toexpressaplanorintention?A.Shewillstudyfortheexam.B.HeisgoingtotraveltoJapannextmonth.C.Theyhavedecidedtoleaveearly.D.Themeetingwillstartat9a.m.解析：选项B正确使用了begoingto表示计划或意图，句意为“他打算下个月去日本旅行”。选项A是will表示预测；选项C是现在完成时，表示决定；选项D是will表示将来。begoingto常用于表示基于现有迹象的预测或事先计划。9.The5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishcurriculumincludesasectionontheuseofthepastperfecttense.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepastperfecttensetodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction?A.Shefinishedherhomeworkbeforedinner.B.Heisplayingbasketballnow.C.Theywillgotothecinematomorrow.D.Thetrainhasarrived.解析：选项A正确使用了过去完成时，表示“完成作业”发生在“吃晚饭”之前（beforedinner）。选项B是现在进行时；选项C是将来时；选项D是现在完成时。过去完成时用于描述两个过去动作的时间先后顺序，常与before,after等连用。10.Inthe5thunit,studentslearnabouttheuseofthesecondconditional.Whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesahypotheticalsituationanditspossibleresult?A.IfIhavetimetomorrow,IwillstudyEnglish.B.Ifitrainedyesterday,wewouldhavegonetothepark.C.Shecanpasstheexamifshestudieshard.D.Hewillcallyouifyouneedhelp.解析：选项B正确使用了第二条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设（if从句用过去式，主句用would+动词原形）。选项A是一般条件句；选项C是虚拟语气，但结构错误；选项D是一般条件句。第二条件句常用于描述不可能发生的假设情况。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishtextbookintroducestheuseofthepresentperfecttensetodescribeactionsthat_______inthepastbuthaveaconnectiontothepresent.参考答案：havehappened/havetakenplace解析：现在完成时用于描述过去发生的动作对现在有影响或结果，常与already,yet,just等副词连用。例如："Shehasfinishedherhomework"表示“她已完成作业，现在可以休息”。2.Inthegrammarsectionofthe5thunit,studentslearnaboutthedifferencebetweenthesimplepresenttenseandthepresentcontinuoustense.Thesimplepresenttenseisoftenusedtodescribe_______thathappenregularlyoraretrueingeneral.参考答案：facts/habits解析：简单现在时用于描述一般性事实或习惯性动作，常与always,usually,often等频率副词连用。例如："Thesunrisesintheeast"表示“太阳从东方升起”是一般事实。3.The5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishcurriculumincludesasectionontheuseofpassivevoice.Thepassivevoiceisoftenusedwhenthe_______oftheactionisunknownorunimportant.参考答案：agent/doer解析：被动语态强调动作的承受者而非执行者，常用于执行者未知或无关的情况。例如："Thebookwaswrittenbyafamousauthor"中，作者身份不重要。4.Inthe5thunit,studentsareintroducedtotheuseofrelativeclauses.Arelativeclauseisatypeofclausethat_______toanounorpronountoprovideadditionalinformationaboutit.参考答案：modifies/describes解析：定语从句修饰先行词，提供更多信息。例如："Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister"中，who引导的从句修饰girl。5.The5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishtextbookincludesasectionontheuseofmodalslike"can,""may,"and"must.""Must"isusedtoexpress_______orstrongadvice.参考答案：obligation/necessity解析：must表示必须或强制性，常用于命令或建议。例如："Youmustfinishyourhomework"表示“你必须完成作业”。6.Inthe5thunit,studentslearnabouttheuseofthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.Thistenseisoftenusedtodescribeactionsthat_______inthepastandcontinuetothepresent.参考答案：havebeenongoing/havebeenlasting解析：现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。例如："ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears"表示“她学了三年英语”。7.The5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishcurriculumincludesasectionontheuseofreportedspeech.Whenchangingdirectspeechtoreportedspeech,thereportingverboftenchangesfrom"said"to_______or"asked."参考答案：asked/told解析：间接引语中，reportingverb常为said,told,asked等，且时态通常需要调整。例如："Hesaid,'Iamtired'"变为"Hesaidthathewastired."8.Inthe5thunit,studentslearnabouttheuseofthesimplefuturetensewith"will"and"begoingto.""Begoingto"isoftenusedtoexpress_______orplansthathavealreadybeendecided.参考答案：intentions/arrangements解析：begoingto表示计划或意图，常用于事先决定的事。例如："HeisgoingtotraveltoJapannextmonth"表示“他计划下个月去日本”。9.The5thunitoftheBeishiduHighSchoolEnglishcurriculumincludesasectionontheuseofthepastperfecttense.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthat_______beforeanotherpastaction.参考答案：happenedearlier/tookplacebefore解析：过去完成时用于描述两个过去动作的时间先后顺序，常与before,after等连用。例如："Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforedinner"表示“她完成作业发生在吃晚饭之前”。10.Inthe5thunit,studentslearnabouttheuseofthesecondconditional.Thesecondconditionalisusedtoexpress_______situationsandtheirpossibleresults.参考答案：hypothetical/unreal解析：第二条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设，常用于描述不可能发生的情况。例如："IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldstudymore"表示“如果我有更多时间，我会学习更多”。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepastandhavenoconnectiontothepresent.(×)解析：现在完成时用于描述过去发生的动作对现在有影响或结果，常与already,yet,just等副词连用。例如："Shehasfinishedherhomework"表示“她已完成作业，现在可以休息”。2.Thesimplepresenttenseandthepresentcontinuoustensecanneverbeusedinthesamesentence.(×)解析：简单现在时和现在进行时可以同时使用，表示同时发生的动作。例如："Sheisreadingabook"中，isreading是现在进行时，reading是简单现在时。3.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.(√)解析：被动语态通常比主动语态更正式，常用于科学、技术等书面语中。例如："Theexperimentwasconductedbytheresearchers"比"Theresearchersconductedtheexperiment"更正式。4.Arelativeclausecanmodifyanounorapronoun.(√)解析：定语从句修饰先行词，可以是名词或代词。例如："Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister"中，who修饰girl。5."May"canbeusedtoexpresscertaintyorprediction.(×)解析：may表示可能性或请求许可，不用于预测。预测用may/might或will。例如："Itmayraintomorrow"表示“明天可能下雨”。6.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.(√)解析：现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。例如："ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears"表示“她学了三年英语”。7.Whenchangingdirectspeechtoreportedspeech,thereportingverbalwayschangesfrom"said"to"saidthat."(×)解析：间接引语中，reportingverb可以是said,told,asked等，且时态通常需要调整。例如："Hesaid,'Iamtired'"变为"Hesaidthathewastired."8."Begoingto"isalwaysusedtoexpressfutureplans.(×)解析：begoingto表示计划或意图，但也可用于基于现有迹象的预测。例如："Itisgoingtorain"表示“要下雨了”（基于云层迹象）。9.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepast.(√)解析：过去完成时用于描述过去某个时间点之前已经发生的动作。例如："Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforedinner"表示“她完成作业发生在吃晚饭之前”。10.Thesecondconditionalisusedtoexpressrealorpossiblesituations.(×)解析：第二条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设，常用于不可能发生的情况。例如："IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldstudymore"表示“如果我有更多时间，我会学习更多”。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenthesimplepresenttenseandthepresentcontinuoustenseinyourownwords.参考答案：Thesimplepresenttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenregularlyoraretrueingeneral,whilethepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeakingortemporaryactions.Forexample,"ShestudiesEnglisheveryday"(simplepresent)vs."SheisstudyingEnglishnow"(presentcontinuous).2.Whatisthepassivevoice,andwhenisitcommonlyused?参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisagrammaticalstructurewherethesubjectofthesentencereceivestheactioninsteadofperformingit.Itiscommonlyusedwhentheagentoftheactionisunknownorunimportant,orwhenthefocusisonthereceiveroftheaction.Forexample,"Thebookwaswrittenbyafamousauthor."3.Howdoyouformarelativeclauseusingwho,which,andthat?参考答案：Arelativeclausecanbeformedusingwho(forpeople),which(forthings),orthat(forpeopleorthings).Forexample,"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister"(whoforpeople),"Thebookwhichisonthetableismine"(whichforthings),"Themanthatlivesnextdoorisfriendly"(thatforpeople).4.Whatisthedifferencebetween"can"and"may"?参考答案："Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorpermission,while"may"isusedtoexpresspossibilityorrequestpermission.Forexample,"Youcanborrowmybook"(ability)vs."Youmaygotothelibrary"(permission).5.Howdoyouformthepresentperfectcontinuoustense?参考答案：Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisformedashave/has+been+presentparticiple(verb-ing).Forexample,"ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears."6.Whatisthefunctionofthepastperfecttense?参考答案：Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.Forexample,"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforedinner."7.Howdoyouformthesecondconditional?参考答案：Thesecondconditionalisformedasif+pastsimple,would+baseformoftheverb.Forexample,"IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldstudymore."8.Whatisthedifferencebetweendirectspeechandreportedspeech?参考答案：Directspeechistheexactwordsspokenbysomeone,enclosedinquotationmarks.Reportedspeechistherestatementofthosewordsinadifferentform,withoutquotationmarks.Forexample,"Hesaid,'Iamtired'"(direct)vs."Hesaidthathewastired"(reported).五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Transformthefollowingdirectspeechintoreportedspeech:"Shesaid,'Iwillfinishmyhomeworktomorrow.'"参考答案：Shesaidthatshewouldfinishherhomeworkthenextday.解析：直接引语转换为间接引语时，时态从将来变为过去（will→would），时间状语从句中的tomorrow变为thenextday。2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Theteacherexplainedthegrammarruletothestudents."参考答案：Thegrammarrulewasexplainedtothestudentsbytheteacher.解析：被动语态将主语和宾语调换，并使用be动词+过去分词，同时添加by引出执行者。3.Completethefollowingsentencewitharelativeclause:"Thebookonthetableis_______Ileftyesterday."参考答案：ThebookonthetableistheonethatIleftyesterday.解析：which引导限定性定语从句，修饰book，补充信息。4.Usethecorrectformofthepresentperfecttensetofillintheblank:"She_______toLondontwice."参考答案：hasbeentoLondontwice.解析：现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响，常与twice等频度副词连用。5.Transformthefollowingsentenceintothepastperfecttense:"Hefinishedtheprojectbeforethedeadline."参考答案：Hehadfinishedtheprojectbeforethedeadline.解析：过去完成时表示过去某个时间点之前已经发生的动作，常与before,after等连用。6.Usethesecondconditionaltoexpressahypotheticalsituation:"IfIhadacar,I_______tothebeacheveryweekend."参考答案：wouldgotothebeacheveryweekend.解析：第二条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设，if从句用过去式，主句用would+动词原形。7.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingamodalverb:"Youareallowedtoborrowmybook."参考答案：Youmayborrowmybook.解析：may表示许可，与allowed意思相近，但语气更委婉。8.Usethepresentperfectcontinuoustensetodescribeanongoingaction:"She_______Englishforfiveyears."参考答案：hasbeenstudyingEnglishforfiveyears.解析：现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.C3.A4.A5.B6.A7.A8.B9.A10.B解析：2.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响，A正确。3.现在进行时表示动作正在发生，C正确。4.被动语态强调动作的承受者，A正确。5.限定性定语从句修饰先行词，A正确。6.may表示许可，B正确。7.现在完成进行时强调持续性，A正确。8.间接引语时态从现在变为过去，A正确。9.begoingto表示计划，B正确。10.过去完成时表示动作发生在过去之前，A正确。11.第二条件句表示假设，B正确。二、填空题1.havehappened/havetakenplace2.facts/habits3.agent/doer4.modifies