2026年天津市北师大版初中英语第7单元语法专项练习题

2026年天津市北师大版初中英语第7单元语法专项练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据第7单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.TheteachertoldusthatthestudentswillgotothemuseumnextSunday.解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"because"引导原因状语从句时，从句需与主句时态一致；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"when"引导时间状语从句时，从句需与主句时态一致；选项C中"since"引导时间状语从句时，主句应用一般过去时，从句应用一般现在时，但此处主句和从句均使用现在完成时，时态错误；选项D正确使用了将来时态，符合语法规则。2.选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Iboughtanewbikeformybirthdayin2025.B.Therearemanybooksonthetableintheclassroom.C.Shewenttothebanktodepositmoneyat3PMyesterday.D.Heisthebeststudentinhisfamilybecausehehasagoodjob.解析：选项A正确，"anewbike"表示泛指；选项B错误，"manybooks"前无需冠词；选项C错误，"thebank"特指某家银行；选项D错误，"thebeststudent"前需加定冠词。3.根据第7单元语法内容，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatthestationontimeforhertrainyesterdaymorning.B.Thecatissleepingunderthetablesinceitisverytired.C.Theywenttotheparkbyfootlastweekend.D.Hefellintotheriverbecausehewasrunningacrosstheroad.解析：选项A正确，"arriveat"用于地点；选项B错误，"since"应为"because"；选项C错误，"byfoot"应为"onfoot"；选项D错误，"runningacrosstheroad"应为"runningintotheroad"。4.选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Isawagirlwhoissinginginthegardennow.B.Thebookwhichwaswrittenbyhimisveryinteresting.C.Shelikestoplaythepianobecauseshestartedtolearnitlastyear.D.Theywenttotheconcerttowatchabandthatplaysrockmusic.解析：选项A错误，"singing"应为现在分词作定语，但此处需用一般现在时；选项B正确，"whichwaswrittenbyhim"是定语从句；选项C错误，"startedtolearn"时态错误；选项D错误，"plays"应为"play"（一般现在时）。5.根据第7单元语法内容，选择下列句子中宾语从句使用正确的一项。A.MymotheraskedmeifIgotothesupermarketyesterday.B.Hesaidthathewillfinishhishomeworkat9PMtomorrow.C.Theteachertoldusthatwemuststudyhardfortheexamnextweek.D.Shewonderedwhythestudentsdidn’tcometoclasslastMonday.解析：选项A错误，"go"应为"went"（一般过去时）；选项B错误，"willfinish"应为"finished"（一般过去时）；选项C错误，"muststudy"应为"hadtostudy"（一般过去时）；选项D正确，"why"引导宾语从句，时态正确。6.选择下列句子中形容词和副词使用正确的一项。A.ThisisthemostbeautifulflowerwhichIhaveeverseen.B.ShespeaksEnglishverygoodbecausesheisanativespeaker.C.Themoviewastooboringformetowatchlastnight.D.Hisbrotheristallerthanmeinhisfamily.解析：选项A正确，"mostbeautiful"最高级用法正确；选项B错误，"verygood"应为"verywell"；选项C错误，"tooboring"应为"tooboringtowatch"；选项D错误，"thanme"应为"thanIam"。7.根据第7单元语法内容，选择下列句子中比较级使用正确的一项。A.Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatonewhichyoureadlastweek.B.Sheisthetallestgirlinherclassbecausesheistallerthanallthegirls.C.Hiscaristhemostexpensivethanminebecauseitisnew.D.Theweathertodayisworsethanyesterdaybecauseitisrainy.解析：选项A正确，"moreinteresting"比较级用法正确；选项B错误，"tallerthanallthegirls"应为"tallerthananyothergirl"；选项C错误，"mostexpensivethan"应为"moreexpensivethan"；选项D错误，"worse"应为"bad"（比较级应为"badter"）。8.选择下列句子中时态和语态使用正确的一项。A.Theteacherhasexplainedthisproblemtousthreetimesthismonth.B.Mybrotherwasinjuredwhenhewasplayingbasketballyesterday.C.Theywillbegivenachancetoimprovetheirskillsnextyear.D.Thebookwhichwaswrittenbyhimisveryinteresting.解析：选项A正确，"hasexplained"现在完成时用法正确；选项B错误，"wasinjured"应为被动语态；选项C错误，"willbegiven"应为一般将来时；选项D与第4题重复，错误。9.根据第7单元语法内容，选择下列句子中主谓一致使用正确的一项。A.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherisgoingtoattendthemeetingtomorrow.B.BothmyparentsandIareplanningtotraveltoJapannextsummer.C.Therearemanypeoplewhoarewaitingforthebusinthestation.D.ThenewswhichisreportedbytheTVisverysurprising.解析：选项A错误，"neither...nor"主语靠近谓语，谓语用单数；选项B正确，"both...and"主语靠近谓语，谓语用复数；选项C错误，"arewaiting"应为"iswaiting"（单数）；选项D错误，"whichisreported"是定语从句，主句主谓一致需重新判断。10.选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项。A.Sheisinterestedintoplaythepianobecauseshestarteditlastmonth.B.Heisgoodattoswimandheoftengoestothepoolafterschool.C.Theydecidedtogotothecinemabecausetheyweretiredofstudying.D.Mysisterislookingforwardtotoseeherfriendsnextweekend.解析：选项A错误，"interestedin"后需加动名词；选项B错误，"goodat"后需加动名词；选项C正确，"tiredof"固定搭配用法正确；选项D错误，"lookingforwardto"后需加动名词。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Myfriend______(go)tothelibraryeverydaybecausehe______(study)forhisexams.2.Theteachertoldusthatthestudents______(have)atestnextMonday.3.She______(notwatch)TVlastnightbecauseshe______(go)tothepartywithherfriends.4.We______(notfinish)ourhomeworkyetbecausewe______(be)busywiththeproject.5.Mybrother______(play)basketballsincehe______(be)veryinterestedinsports.6.They______(go)tothemuseumnextSundaybecausethey______(want)toseetheexhibition.7.Themoviewastooboringformeto______(watch)lastnight.8.Sheisthetallestgirlinherclassbecauseshe______(be)tallerthanalltheothergirls.9.Myparents______(notbuy)meanewbikebecausetheythinkitistooexpensive.10.I______(notknow)wheremyfriendisbecausehe______(leave)homeearly.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1."Iwillgotothesupermarkettomorrow"isanexampleofasimplefuturetensesentence.(正确)2."Thebookwhichwaswrittenbyhimisveryinteresting"iscorrectbecauseitusesarelativeclause.(正确)3."Sheistallerthanme"iscorrectbecause"than"isaconjunction.(错误，应为"thanIam")4."Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework"isanexampleofthepresentperfecttense.(正确)5."Thecatissleepingunderthetable"iscorrectbecauseitusesthepresentcontinuoustense.(正确)6."Iaminterestedintoplaythepiano"iscorrectbecauseitusesapreposition.(错误，应为"interestedinplaying")7."Shewenttothebanktodepositmoney"iscorrectbecauseitusesthepasttense.(正确)8."ThenewswhichisreportedbytheTVisverysurprising"iscorrectbecauseitusesapassivevoice.(正确)9."Theydecidedtogotothecinema"iscorrectbecauseitusesafixed搭配.(正确)10."Iamlookingforwardtotoseemyfriends"iscorrectbecauseitusesafixed搭配.(错误，应为"lookingforwardtoseeing")四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.简述第7单元中一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。2.解释什么是定语从句及其用法。3.说明比较级和最高级的用法区别。4.分析宾语从句的引导词和时态要求。5.讨论固定搭配在英语中的重要性。6.解释主谓一致在句子中的运用规则。7.说明被动语态的构成和用法。8.分析非谓语动词的种类及其作用。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.请根据以下情境，用英语写一段话描述你的一天：-早上你起床后去跑步，然后吃早餐。-中午你和朋友们去学校食堂吃饭。-下午你参加了英语课，并完成了作业。-晚上你和家人一起看电视。2.请根据以下情境，用英语写一段话描述你的爱好：-你喜欢弹钢琴，每周练习三次。-你觉得弹钢琴可以帮助你放松。-你希望将来能参加钢琴比赛。3.请根据以下情境，用英语写一段话描述你的朋友：-你的朋友喜欢运动，每天早上去跑步。-他还喜欢阅读，每周读一本书。-你觉得他是个很自律的人。4.请根据以下情境，用英语写一段话描述你的暑假计划：-你计划去北京旅游，参观故宫和长城。-你还计划学习中文，因为你想去中国留学。-你觉得这将是一次难忘的经历。5.请根据以下情境，用英语写一段话描述你的学校：-你的学校有美丽的花园和图书馆。-你每天都会去图书馆学习。-你喜欢学校的氛围。6.请根据以下情境，用英语写一段话描述你的梦想：-你梦想成为一名英语老师。-你觉得教英语很有意义。-你正在努力提高自己的英语水平。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D2.A3.B4.B5.D6.A7.A8.A9.B10.C二、填空题1.goes,isstudying2.willhave3.didn’twatch,wasgoing4.haven’tfinished,havebeen5.plays,hasbeen6.willgo,want7.watch8.is9.didn’tbuy10.don’tknow,hasleft三、判断题1.√2.√3.×4.√5.√6.×7.√8.√9.√10.×四、简答题1.一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，而现在完成时用于描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响。例如："Hewenttothelibraryyesterday"（一般过去时）vs"Hehasgonetothelibraryandfinishedhishomework"（现在完成时）。2.定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。例如："ThebookwhichIboughtisinteresting"（关系代词which引导）。3.比较级用于比较两个事物的差异，最高级用于比较三个或以上事物的差异。例如："Sheistallerthanme"（比较级）vs"Sheisthetallestgirlinherclass"（最高级）。4.宾语从句由连接词引导，如"that"、"if"、"whether"等，时态需根据主句时态决定。例如："Hesaidthathewouldcome"（一般过去时）。5.固定搭配是英语中常用的词组，如"goodat"、"lookforwardto"等，必须按照固定用法使用。6.主谓一致要求主语和谓语在单复数上保持一致。例如："Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherisgoing"（靠近谓语，谓语用单数）。7.被动语态由"be动词+过去分词"构成，用于强调动作的承受者。例如："Thebookwaswrittenbyhim"。8.非谓语动词包括动名词、不定式和分词，可作主语、宾语、定语等。例如："Playingbasketballismyhobby"（动名词作主语）。五、应用题1.Thisismytypicalday.Inthemorning,Igetupearlyandgorunning.ThenIhavebreakfast.Atnoon,Igototheschoolcafeteriawi