2026年常州市中考英语试卷（含答案及解析）

1一常州市二○二六年初中学业水平考试英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答题卡上，写在试卷上的一律无效。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.John'sdictionarywasleftathome,sohehadtoborrow.A.my B.himC.mine D.himself2.,LilycameupwithsuchacreativeideatouseAIforourdailylife.A.AtpresentB.TooursurpriseC.InallD.Allyearround3.allarehere,let'svoteforthenewgroupleader.A.Whether B.UnlessC.Although D.Since4.—ShallwevisitZhangTaileiMuseumthisSaturdayafternoon?—That'sexactlymyplan.A.Itdepends.B.I'mafraidnot.C.Whynot?D.You'rewelcome.5.YousearchtheInternetforanswerswhendoinghomework.It'snotallowed.A.can't B.wouldn'tC.needn't D.couldn't6.Itisaformetocollecttheseoldtextbookssothatwecanusethemagain.A.pity B.pleasureC.risk D.price7.How!13—year—oldLiYongqiuwonagoldmedalinWorldStreetDanceforChina.A.natural B.practicalC.amazing D.romantic8.MikefinallydecidedtoliveinChangzhou,hismother'swishthatheshouldstayinShanghai.A.against B.behindC.except D.above9.Tom,youshouldtheinstructionsbeforeusingthesharedbikeforthefirsttime.A.turnonB.handoutC.putinD.lookthrough10.—David,couldyoutellme?—Withyourstudentcard,youcanusethemforfree.A.howmuchdothelibrary'se—bookscostB.howmuchthelibrary'se—bookscostC.howlongwecanusethelibrary'se—booksD.howlongcanweusethelibrary'se—books二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。IwasthirteenwhenIlearntamistakecouldbechangedintosomethingelse.Thatspring,Iwasaskedto11thebackdrop（背景幕布）fortheschoolplay.Twodayslater,Ifinishedaperfectblueskywithsoftwhiteclouds.Istoodback,pleasedwithmyself——12mybrushslipped（滑落）.Along.13brownlinecutstraightacrosstheskylikeascar（疤痕）.Myheartdropped.Therewasnotimetostartagain.Istood14,lookingatmyfailure,whenmyartteacherwalkedover.Shedidn'tsayaword.15,shepickedupabrushandturnedthatbrownlineintothetrunk（树干）ofatalltree.Thensheaddedleaves,andtwosmallbirdsrestingamongthem.Whathadbeenascarred16suddenlybecamealandscape—peaceful,deep,andfantastic.Themistakesavedthepaintingfrombeinga（n）17one!Thatmomentstayedwithme.Ilaterlearntthatsomeoftheworld'sbest18beganasaccidents,likepenicillin（青霉素）orthemicrowave.Butthereal19ofamistakeisnotjustwhatitbecomes,butwhatitdoestoyou.Itforcesyoutostop,tolookagain,andtotrysomethingyounever20.Now,wheneverI21adifficultorunpleasantsituation——inatest,inafriendship,orinsomethingIbuild——Itrynottofreeze.I22myself:Thiscouldbeabend（拐弯）intheroad,nottheend.It'sjustadooryouhaven'topenedyet.11.A.repair B.paintC.control D.hang12.A.until B.ifC.though D.because13.A.pleasant B.dangerousC.warm D.ugly14.A.excited B.frozenC.patient D.bored15.A.So B.OtherwiseC.Instead D.Moreover16.A.sky B.brushC.cloud D.tree17.A.small B.commonC.interesting D.colourful18.A.habits B.tasksC.discoveries D.traditions19.A.degree B.causeC.symbol D.magic20.A.planned B.praisedC.failed D.compared21.A.runfrom B.takeupC.meetwith D.goover22.A.question B.warnC.promise D.remind三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGrowingplantsisagoodwayforyoutorelaxandknowthevalueofwork.Herearesomestepstogrowyourowntomatoes.Step1:GrowfromseedsCutopenatomatototaketheseedsout,andplanttheminthesoil.Makesureyouwaterthesoiluntiltheplantsarestrongandtall.Step2:Careforsprouts（嫩芽）Onceyourseedshavesprouted,keepthemunderaclearcover,whichcreatesamini—environmentforthemtogrowstrong.Step3:Whenthesproutsgrowintoseedlings（幼苗）,takeawaythecoverandexpose（暴露）themalittlemoretothenaturalenvironment.Keepacloseeyeonthem,astoomuchsun,water,orwindcouldharmtheirgrowth.Step4:Transplant（移栽）seedlingsOnceyourseedlingshave4to5leaves,they'rereadyforanewhome.Preparealargerplacefortheseedlingstobetransplanted.Checktheroots（根）aredeepenoughtogettheroomtheyneedtogrow.Step5:Grow,grow,growGrowyourtomatoplantsinasunnyplace,buttoomuchwindwon'tdothemanygood.Putupastake（支架）tostoptheplantsbeingblownover.23.Whatmustyouremembertododuringthefirsttwosteps?A.Putatomatointhesoil.B.Waterthesoil.C.Cutoffextrasprouts.D.Changethecover.24.WhatisStep3?A.Plantsprouts.B.Takeawaysprouts.C.Coverseedlings.D.Careforseedlings.25.Whatshouldyoudowhenyouseeafewleavesontheseedlings?A.Takeawaythecover.B.Transplanttheseedlings.C.Checkifthereareenoughroots.D.Setupastaketogetenoughwind.BCombining（结合）exercisewithcommunityserviceisthemaintaskofGoodGym,anorganizationthatencouragestheUKpeopletogetfitbydoinggood.Membersofitdon'tneedtopayfortheirexercise.Allthatisneededistheirstrongwishtowalk,runorrideandwillingnesstodolocalvolunteerwork.GoodGymbeganin2007whenIvoGormley,whosetuptheorganization,startedrunningtosendanewspapertoanoldpersoninhisneighbourhood.Atthetime,Gormleywasn'tdoinganyexerciseandmissedbeingpartofabasketballteam.“Ijustdidn'tliketheideaofgoingtoagym（体育馆）.IthoughtIcoulddosomethingmoreusefulwithmyexercise,”hesaid.ForGormley,hewantedtomakeitaseasyaspossibleforpeopletostayinshapeandservethecommunity.“Ifyouareinterested,youcanhaveatry,”Gormleysaid.“Youdon'thavetocomebackifyoudon'tlikeit.It'sareallyeasywaytotakepart.”Thechancetomeetpeopleisakeypartthatattractsmembers,Gormleysaid.Hesaidarecentsurveyshowedthatmanyyoungpeoplewantedtogetawayfromphonescreensandtohavemorein—personcommunication.MembersofGoodGymsometimeshavedinnertogetherwhentheirvolunteerworkisdone.ChristianKrekel,fromtheLondonSchoolofEconomics,spenttwoyearsstudyingifGoodGym'scombinationofvolunteeringandexercisecandoextragoodtomental（心理的）health.“Weareverygladtofindimprovementsinallsixpartsofmentalhealth,with3,600membersreportingfeelinglesslonelyandmoresatisfiedwiththeirlives.Theyalsofeelmorecloselyconnectedwithothers,”Krekelsaid.26.WhydidGormleysetupGoodGym?A.Tobuildhisnewspaperbusiness.B.Togetachancetogotoagym.C.Tokeepintouchwithabasketballteam.D.Togiveextrameaningtoexercise.27.WhatmakesGoodGymdifferent?A.Itservestheyouthmore.B.Ithasaclearandstrictrule.C.Itconnectsexercisewithdoinggood.D.Itpreventsmembersfromusingphones.28.WhatisKrekel'sattitude（态度）towardsGoodGym?A.Hedoubtsit.B.Hewelcomesit.C.Hehasnointerestinit.D.Heworriesaboutitsinfluence.C①We'veallbeenthere—sittinginameeting,classroom,orworkshop,notunderstandingaconcept（概念）buttooafraidtoaskquestions.Thefearofsoundingsillykeepsussilent.Wetellourselvesthateveryoneelsemustalreadyunderstand,thatourquestionis“stupid”,andthatit'sbettertonodalongthanriskembarrassment（窘迫）.②Butwhatifthose“stupid”questionsarethemostvaluableones?Whatifthey'rethekeytoencouragingcreation,increasingconfidenceandconnectingmoremeaningfullywithothers?③Therearenostupidquestions.Whatweconsideras“stupid”questionsalwayschallengefixedthinkingandcausegreatbreakthroughs.Manynewpossibilitiescomefromsuchquestions,likeNewtonthinkingaboutwhyapplesfalltothegroundandancientthinkersquestioningwhythesunrisesandsets.Thesequestionsbreaktraditionalthinkingandleadtocreativediscoveries.④Moreover,askingsuchquestionsbuildspersonalconfidenceandconnectionbetweenpeople.Eachtimeweaska“stupid”question,we'rereducingthefearoflosingface.Webecomemoreandmoreconfident.Atthesametime,byasking“stupid”questions,weinviterealconversations.Whenweask“stupid”questions,weallowotherstoasktheirown.Wetellothersit'sokaynottoknoweverything,creatingacultureofopennessandcuriosity.Thisleadstodeeperandmorehonestconnections.⑤Inshort,inaworldthatdoesn'tgivevaluetotruecuriositybuttoappearingknowledgeable,asking“stupid”questionsbecomesasuperpower.So,thenexttimeyouthinkofa“stupid”question,justaskit.Remember:Itisnotasignofsilliness,butasignofcourageandtruelearning.29.Whatstopspeopleaskingquestionsaboutaconceptthattheydon'tunderstand?A.Thedifficultyoftheconcept.B.Thevalueoftheconcept.C.Theworryaboutembarrassingothers.D.Thefearoflosingface.30.Whatdoesthewriterthinkof“stupid”questionsinthepassage?A.Theyoftenleadtocreativediscoveries.B.Theyareoftencausedbyfixedthinking.C.Theyoftenincreasepeople'sfearoffeelingsilly.D.Theyareoftenaskedbystupidpeopleinconversations.31.Whatisthebeststructure（结构）ofthepassage?A.①/②/③④/⑤B.①②/③/④⑤C.①/②③/④⑤D.①/②③/④/⑤32.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheWayofAsking“Stupid”QuestionsB.TheTypesof“Stupid”QuestionsC.ThePowerofAsking“Stupid”QuestionsD.TheCostof“Stupid”QuestionsDChineseresearchershavedevelopedanewsystemthatcangentlystophundred—tonaircraftduringemergency（紧急的）landingsontherunway.Thesystemhasrecentlyreceivedanationalcreationaward.Theresearchersdevelopedanewmaterialcalledfoam（泡沫）concrete（混凝土）.Itlookslikecommonconcretebutweighsjust200kgpercubicmetre—aboutatenthoftheweightofstandardconcrete.Whenanaircraftrunsintoit,thematerialcreatesa“softstopper”thattakesinenergythroughcontrolledbreaking.Thisallowstheplanetoslowdownsmoothlyandfinallystopsafely.Landingisoneofthemostdangerousperiodsofflight.Internationalairtravelrulesrequireasafetyareaofatleast90metresbeyondrunways.Inthepast,theareawasfilledwithwater,grass,soil,orsand.Allofthemhaddisadvantages:Watercouldbecomehardiceorattractwildlife,whilesoilstrengthchangedwithweather.Thekeychallengeiscontrollinghowthefoamconcretebreaksdown.Itmusthaveenoughstrengthtosupportaircraftwheelsbutbeweakenoughtocollapsewhenhit.Forexample,forlargepassengerplanes,itsstrengthmustfallexactlybetween0.30and0.35megapascals（兆帕）。Unlikeearlierforeigndesignsthatdependedonexpensivebutnotlong—lastingconcrete,theChineseteamdevelopedamethodthatmadethesystemcheaperandmorelasting.Theyalsodevelopedmethodstoputmillionsofbubblesintothematerialandcontrolthewayitturnshard,makingsureitworkswellevenafterbeingusedintheopenairforalongtime.Thesystemhasnowbeenusedat14airportsacrossChina.Testsshowthatafteroneyear,thematerial'sproperties（性能）changebyonly3%,provingitshighquality.33.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatthemateriallookslike.B.Howthematerialismade.C.Whatmakesthesystemworkwell.D.Howthesystemisdeveloped.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapse”mostprobablymean?A.Break. B.Form.C.Appear. D.Burn.35.Whatisthekeyadvantageofthesystem?A.Itcanstopanaircraftinashortertime.B.Itcanslowdownanaircraftsmoothly.C.Itcancreateasafetyareaofover90metres.D.Itcanbeusedintheopenair.36.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewrunwaysafetysystem.B.Toexplainanewflyingtechnology.C.Todescribesomepossiblelandingmethods.D.Tocomparetwodifferentsafetymaterials.四、还原信息（共4小题；每小题1.5分，满分6分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Horsesweredomesticated（驯养）inChinathousandsofyearsago.Theywereusedasatoolforfarmingandbasictransport,manyevenforfighting.ThisconnectionhasmadehorsesappearinChineseliteratureworks.37Onefantasticdescriptionofahorseisthelegendary（传说的）andkindqilin.Itisanimaginaryanimalwithadragon'shead,longhorns（角）andahorse—ordeer—likebody.38Accordingtolegend,qilinonlyarrivesduringtimesofgreatpeaceandhappinessorwhenatruegreatmanispresentintheworld.Horsesappearnotonlyinlegend.39Forexample,thefamousRedRabbit,orChiTu,wasmentionedinthenovelRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms（《三国演义》）asthewarringhorseofLüBu.ThishorsehelpedwithLü'svictoriessooftenthatthesayingrose:“Amongmen,LüBu;amonghorses,ChiTu.”40InthisnovelcalledJourneytotheWest,thethirdsonoftheDragonKingoftheWestSeawouldbeputtodeathaftersettingafirethatburntthepalace'streasures.Luckily,hewassavedandtoldtowaitforTangSanzangbyariver.There,thedragonmetTangbutmistookhimforsomebodyelseandatehishorse.Aspunishment,thedragonwasturnedintotheWhiteDragonHorseandservedasTangSanzang'sridinghorseforthejourney.Together,thesestoriesdisplaythelastingculturalimportanceofhorsesinChina.A.Thesehorsesappearedinahistoricalnovel.B.Anotherfamousonewasconnectedtofarming.C.WecanalsoseemanyoftheminChineseclassicalnovels.D.Perhapsthebest—knownexampleisthehorsefroma16th—centurynovel.E.Andbecauseoftheirhelpfulness,horses'goodsidesareoftendescribedinthem.F.Althoughithasastrangeappearance,itisgentleanddoesnotattackotheranimals.五、阅读回答（共4小题；前3小题每题2分，第4小题3分，满分9分）阅读下面短文，回答短文后的问题。（前3题每题答案不超过10个词）。“Whykeepallthis,Grandpa?”Leocomplained,puttingapileofoldbooksintoabox.“Youcanfindallthesebooksonlinenow.It'sfaster,cleaner,anddoesn'ttakeupspace.”“Speedisn'teverything,Leo,”Grandpasaidsoftly.“Somethingscanonlybefelt,notjustsentindigital（数字的）ways.”Leorolledhiseyes,thinkingabouttheefficiency（效率）ofhisdigitalworld.Butthen,ashereachedforanotherbox,itfelltotheground.Ahandwrittenletterfellout.ItwaswrittentoGrandpa,datedfortyyearsago,anditwasslightlysmudged（污损）.Leopickeditup.Ashebegantoreadthefirstfewlines,hissarcasm（嘲笑）diedaway.Itdescribedasnowynightin1986whenGrandpahadwaitedhoursatatrainstationjusttosayathree—minutegoodbyetoafriendmovingabroad.TherewasnoGPS,nofast“I'mhere”messages—onlytheheartfelthopeandahandwrittenpromisetostayintouch.Itwasn'tjustaletter;itwasalively,breathingrecordofamomentthatshapedhisgrandpa'slife—amomentthatno“quickdigitalmessages”couldevercatch.Leogaveaquicklookathisphone,andsuddenlyfeltunbelievably“poor”Herealizedthatalthoughhisdigitalworldwasfaster,itcouldnotrecordlivelymemoriesasGrandpa'soldlettercould.Thatevening,Leosatbyhisdesk.Hewantedtosharehisfeelingwithhisbestfriendbackinthecity.41.WhatdidLeothinkGrandpashoulddowiththoseoldbooks? 42.InLeo'seyes,whatcouldhisdigitalworldbringhim? 43.WhowrotethelettertoGrandpa? 44.HowdoyouthinkLeowouldsharehisfeelingwithhisfriend,byapaperletteroradigitalone?Why? 六、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheMogaoCavesarefamousfortheirancientwallpaintings.InCave257,apaintingmadeduringtheNorthernWeiDynasty45（tell）atouchingstoryandattractsmanytourists.Longago,deepintheforest,therelivedamagicaldeer.Herfurshoneinninebrightcolours,makingher46（pretty）thananyotherdeer.Shewasalsokindandwouldhelpanyone47need.Oneday,shesavedamanfromariverandaskedhim48（promise）nottotellanyonewhereshelived.Thethankfulmansaidhewouldneverdoso.49,asheheardthekingwasofferingagreatrewardforfindingthedeer,hechangedhismind.He50（lead）thekingandhissoldiers（士兵）totheforest.Thekingwantedthedeerbecausehisgreedy（贪婪的）queendreamtaboutabeautifulnine—coloureddeer51wantedacoatmadeofherfur.Whenthedeersawthearmy,sherealizedwhathadhappenedatonce.Lookingattheman,shesaid52（peaceful）totheking,“Isavedthisman.Hepromisedtokeepmysecret.Butnowhehasbrokenhispromise.”Thekingwasmovedbyher53（kind）.Herealizedthemanwasnotworthtrustandorderedhissoldierstostepback.Fromthenon,protection54（offer）tothedeerbytheking.Asforthebadman,hesoonbecameillanddiedofterriblesores（褥疮）.七、书面表达（满分15分）假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Lucy觉得自己性格过于安静，不如别人有活力和创造力，产生了自我怀疑，写信向你求助。请你根据以下提示写一封回信，帮她解决困惑、悦纳自己。1.不同性格，各有优劣；……；2.取长补短，提升自信；……。参考词汇:personalityn.性格;improvev.提升;confidencen.自信注意：1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；2.词数100左右；文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearLucy,I'msorrytolearnaboutyourself—doubt. Yours,LiHua常州市二○二六年初中学业水平考试英语试题答案及解析一、单项选择1.C考查代词辨析。句意：约翰的词典落在家里了，所以他不得不借我的（词典）。my意为“我的”，是形容词性物主代词，后需接名词；him意为“他”，是人称代词宾格；mine意为“我的（东西）”，是名词性物主代词，可单独使用，相当于“my+名词”;himself意为“他自己”,是反身代词。borrow后需接宾语,用名词性物主代词mine指代mydictionary作宾语。故选C。2.B考查介词短语辨析。句意：令我们惊讶的是，莉莉想出了这么有创意的点子，把人工智能运用到我们的日常生活中。atpresent意为“目前;现在”;tooursurprise意为“令我们惊讶的是”;inall意为“总共”;allyearround意为“全年”。根据下文的suchacreativeidea可知,莉莉的主意让人感到意外。故选B。3.D考查连词辨析。句意：既然所有人都到齐了，我们来投票选出新的组长吧。whether意为“是否”;unless意为“除非”:although意为“虽然;尽管”;since意为“既然;由于”。根据句意可知，此处是指既然所有人都到场了，就可以开始投票了，此处应用since引导原因状语从句。故选D。4.C考查情景交际。句意：——这周六下午我们去张太雷纪念馆好吗?——为什么不呢?这正是我的计划。“Itdepends.”意为“看情况。”;“I'mafraidnot.”意为“恐怕不行。”;“Whynot?”意为“为什么不呢?”,表示赞成提议;“You'rewelcome.”意为“不客气。”根据下文的“That'sexactlymyplan.”可知,此处是指赞成对方的提议。故选C。5.A考查情态动词辨析。句意：写作业时你不能上网搜答案，这是不允许的。can't意为“不能，不可以”；wouldn’t意为“不会”，表示过去不愿意或委婉建议；needn’t意为“不必”；couldn't意为“不能”，表示过去不能或委婉拒绝。根据下文的“It'snotallowed.”可知,此处是指不允许,应用can't。故选A。6.B考查名词辨析。句意：收集这些旧课本供我们重复使用，对我来说是一件乐事。pity意为“遗憾”；pleasure意为“乐事,愉快的事”;risk意为“风险”;price意为“价格”。根据下文的sothatwecanusethemagain可知,此处是指收集旧书循环利用是有意义的、让人开心的事，apleasure意为“一件开心的事”。故选B。7.C考查形容词辨析。句意：太令人惊叹了！13岁的李永秋为中国赢得了世界街舞金牌。natural意为“自然的”；practical意为“实用的”;amazing意为“令人惊叹的”;romantic意为“浪漫的”。根据下文的“13—year—oldLiYongqiuwonagoldmedalinWorldStreetDanceforChina.”可知,13岁的李永秋夺得金牌这件事是令人惊叹的，应用amazing。故选C。8.A考查介词辨析。句意：迈克最终决定住在常州，违背了他母亲希望他留在上海的心愿。against意为“与……相反;违反”;behind意为“在······后面”;except意为“除······之外”；above意为“在……上方”。根据句意可知，迈克的选择（定居常州）和妈妈的期望（留在上海）是相反的，againstone'swish意为“违背某人的心愿”。故选A。9.D考查动词短语辨析。句意：汤姆，在第一次使用共享单车之前你应该先浏览一下使用说明。turnon意为“打开（电器）”;handout意为“分发”;putin意为“花费（时间、精力等）;安装”;lookthrough意为“浏览,快速查看”。根据下文的theinstructions可知,此处是指浏览使用说明,lookthrough符合语境。故选D。10.B考查宾语从句。句意：——戴维，你能告诉我图书馆的电子书多少钱吗?——凭学生证你可以免费使用。howmuch询问价格,howlong询问时长。宾语从句需使用陈述句语序，排除A、D项；根据下文的youcanusethemforfree可知，答句是与价格相关的，应用howmuch引导从句。故选B。二、完形填空【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在13岁为学校戏剧画背景幕布时意外弄脏了所画的天空后，美术老师巧妙地将瑕疵改成美景的故事。作者告诉我们面对困境时，要学会变通、积极应对，错误并非终点，而是转机。11.B句意：那年春天，我被安排为学校戏剧绘制背景幕布。repair意为“修理”;paint意为“绘画;涂色”;control意为“控制”;hang意为“悬挂”。根据下文的“Twodayslater,Ifinishedaperfectblueskywithsoftwhiteclouds.Istoodback,pleasedwithmyself——12mybrushslipped（滑落）.”可知，作者的任务是画背景幕布。故选B。12.A句意：我退后站好，满心得意——直到我的画笔滑落。until意为“直到……为止”;if意为“如果”;though意为“虽然”;because意为“因为”。根据上文的pleasedwithmyself以及下文的mybrushslipped（滑落）和brownlinecutstraightacrosstheskylikeascar（疤痕）可知,作者的满意状态在画笔滑落在幕布上时戛然而止了，此处应用until衔接前后转折场景。故选A。13.D句意：一条又长又丑的棕色线条像一道疤痕，径直划过天空。pleasant意为“令人愉悦的”;dangerous意为“危险的”;warm意为“温暖的”;ugly意为“丑陋的”。根据下文的brownlinecutstraightacrosstheskylikeascar（疤痕）可知，棕色线条十分难看。故选D。14.B句意：我僵住站在那里，看着我失败的作品，这时我的美术老师走了过来。excited意为“激动的”;frozen意为“（因恐惧、震惊等）呆住的；结冰的”；patient意为“耐心的”；bored意为“无聊的”。根据上文的brownlinecutstraightacrosstheskylikeascar（疤痕）和“Myheartdropped.Therewasnotimetostartagain.”可知,精心画好的幕布被画笔画了一道线，且来不及重新绘制，作者应是不知所措地呆住了，此处用frozen符合语境。故选B。15.C句意：相反，她拿起画笔，把那根棕色线条改成了一棵高大树木的树干。so意为“所以”;otherwise意为“否则”;instead意为“反而;代替”;moreover意为“此外”。根据上下文可知，老师没有批评，反而动手修改，此处构成转折关系,应用instead。故选C。16.A句意：那片带有“伤痕”的天空，转眼间变成一幅风景画——静谧、深邃又绝妙。sky意为“天空”;brush意为“画笔”;cloud意为“云朵”;tree意为“树木”。根据上文的brownlinecutstraightacrosstheskylikeascar（疤痕）可知,此处是指被画笔意外掉落破坏的天空。故选A。17.B句意：这个失误没有让这幅画沦为一幅普通的作品!small意为“小的”;common意为“普通的”;interesting意为“有趣的”;colourful意为“色彩丰富的”。根据上文的“Whathadbeenascarred...——peaceful,deep,andfantastic.”可知，如果没有这次失误，这幅幕布画只会是普通的蓝天白云，是出现失误后的修改让它变得独特、出彩。故选B。18.C句意：后来我了解到，世界上一些最伟大的发现最初都源于意外，比如青霉素和微波炉。habit意为“习惯”；task意为“任务”;discovery意为“发现”;tradition意为“传统”。根据下文的likepenicillin（青霉素）orthemicrowave和常识可知，青霉素和微波炉都是偶然间的重大发现。故选C。19.D句意：但错误真正的魔力，不只是它能变成什么，而是它带给你的改变。degree意为“程度”;cause意为“原一因”:symbol意为“象征”:mngic意为“魔力;奇妙之处”。根据下文的“Itforcesyoutostop,tolookagin,andtotrysomethingyounever20.“可知,错误的意义是让人停下脚步，重新审视，尝试计划外的事情，这便是错误的神奇之处。故选D。20.A句意：它迫使你停下脚步，重新审视，尝试计划外的事情。plun意为“计划”;praise意为“表扬”;fail意为“失败”:compare意为“对比”。根据句意可知,此处是指失误会让你尝试一些计划外的事情。故选A。21.C句意：现在，每当我遇到困难或不愉快的情况时————无论是在考试中、在友谊中，还是在我自己做的某件事情中————我都会努力让自己不要僵住。runfrom意为“逃避”;takeup意为“占据;开始从事”;meetwith意为“遭遇,遇见”;goover意为“复习;仔细检查”。根据下文的adifficultorunpleasantsituation可知,此处是指遇到困难或不愉快的情况时。故选C。22.D句意：我提醒自己————这只是路上的一处拐弯，并非终点。question意为“质疑”;warn意为“警告”;promise意为“承诺”;remind意为“提醒”。根据下文的“Thiscouldbeabend（拐弯）intheroad,nottheend.It'sjustadooryouhaven'topenedyet.”可知,此处是指作者用过往的感悟开导自己,用remind符合语境。故选D。三、阅读理解A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了种植西红柿的五大步骤：播种、照料嫩芽、养护幼苗、移栽幼苗以及后期养护的具体操作要点。23.B细节理解题。根据Step1中的“Makesureyouwaterthesoiluntiltheplantsarestrongandtall.”可知,在前两步中必须记得给土壤浇水。故选B。24.D推理判断题。根据Step3下面的两段内容,尤其是最后一句“Keepacloseeyeonthem,astoomuchsun,water,orwindcouldharmtheirgrowth.”可知,第三步主要讲述了如何养护幼苗。故选D。25.B细节理解题。根据Step4中的“Onceyourseedlingshave4to5leaves,they'rereadyforanewhome.”以及“Preparealargerplacefortheseedlingstobetransplanted.”可知,幼苗长出4~5片叶子后,就可以移栽幼苗了。故选B。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了把运动和社区志愿活动相结合的英国公益组织GoodGym。文章讲述了它的创立起源、低门槛的参与方式、吸引成员的原因，还引用研究证实这种模式能有效改善人们的心理健康。26.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ijustdidn'tliketheideaofgoingtoagym（体育馆）.IthoughtIcoulddosomethingmoreusefulwithmyexercise,’hesaid.”可知,戈姆利不想只是单纯在健身房健身，而是希望在运动的同时做些志愿活动，让运动变得更有意义，因此创立了GoodGym。故选D。27.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Combining（结合）exercisewithcommunityserviceisthemaintaskofGoodGym,anorganizationthatencouragestheUKpeopletogetfitbydoinggood.”可知,GoodGym的特色是把运动和做好事（社区志愿服务）结合在一起。故选C。28.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Weareverygladtofindimprovementsinallsixpartsofmentalhealth,with3,600membersreportingfeelinglesslonelyandmoresatisfiedwiththeirlives.”可知,克雷克尔的研究发现GoodGym对人们的心理健康改善了很多,因此他对GoodGym应是认可、欢迎的。故选B。C【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章先指出人们因怕尴尬而不敢提问的普遍现象，接着提出看似“愚蠢”的问题实则极具价值，随后从推动创新突破、建立自信、拉近人际距离方面论证其作用，最后总结敢于提出这类问题是一种强大的能力，鼓励大家大胆提问。29.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thefearofsoundingsillykeepsussilent…andthatit'sbettertonodalongthanriskembarrassment（窘迫）.”和第四段中的“Eachtimeweaska‘stupid’question,we'rereducingthefearoflosingface.”可知,害怕丢脸的想法阻碍人们提问。故选D。30.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whatweconsideras‘supid’questionsalwayschallengefixedthinkingandcausegreatbreakthroughs.”以及“Thesequestionsbreaktraditionalthinkingandleadtocreativediscoveries.”可知,作者认为这类“愚蠢的”问题能够带来创造性发现。故选A。31.A篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①段描述人们不敢提问的普遍现象；第②段抛出中心论点，点明“愚蠢的”问题很有价值；第③、④段并列，分别从提问可以推动创新、建立自信与人际联结两点好处论证观点；第⑤段总结全文，升华主旨。因此文章结构为①/②/③④/⑤。故选A。32.C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要论述了提出“愚蠢的”问题的力量。故选C。D【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科研人员研发出一款新型特性材料拦阻系统，其核心材料为泡沫混凝土。文中介绍了泡沫混凝土的特性、传统跑道缓冲区的弊端、研发攻克的难点、相比国外方案的优势以及该系统目前在国内机场的实际应用与测试效果。33.C段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段介绍了这种泡沫混凝土重量轻、受撞击后碎裂可控而且吸能的特性，这些特性是这套系统能够正常发挥作用的核心原因。故选C。34.A词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Itmusthaveenoughstrengthtosupportaircraftwheelsbutbeweakenoughtocollapsewhenhit.”可知,上文指出要有足够硬度支撑机轮，下文的but和whenhit提示应与“硬度”形成转折对比，此处应是表示受撞击后会碎裂吸收能量。break意为“破碎，断裂”，与画线词含义一致。故选A。35.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whenanaircraftrunsintoit,thematerialcreatesa‘softstopper’thattakesinenergythroughcontrolledbreaking.Thisallowstheplanetoslowdownsmoothlyandfinallystopsafely.”可知,该系统的核心优势是让飞机平稳减速、安全停下。故选B。36.A主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Chineseresearchershavedevelopedanewsystemthatcangentlystophundred—tonaircraftduringemergency（紧急的）landingsontherunway.”可知,全文围绕这款新型特性材料拦阻系统展开介绍，包括其材料、原理、优势和应用。故选A。四、还原信息【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章提到马频繁出现在中国文学作品中的现象，并分别讲述了传说神兽顾麟、《三国演文》里的赤免马以及《西游记》的白龙马的相关故事，展现马在中国文化中的重要地位。37.E根据上文的“ThisconnectionhasmadehorsesappearinChineseliteratureworks.”和下文的“Onefantasticdeseriptionofahorseisthelegendary（传说的）andkindqilin.”可知，因为马用处很大，文学作品中常常描写马美好的特质。此处承接上文对马的正面描述并引出下文各类关于马的文学描写，E项符合语境。故选E。38.F根据上文的“Itisanimaginaryanimalwithadragon'shead,longhorns（角）andahorse—ordeer—likebody.”和下文的qilinonlyarrivesduringtimesofgreatpeaceandhappiness可知，此处转折说明虽然麒麟外形奇特，但性情温顺，不会攻击其他动物，F项符合语境。故选F。39.C根据上文的“Horsesappearnotonlyinlegend.”和下文的“Forexample,thefamousRedRabbit,orChiTu,wasmentionedinthenovelRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms（《三国演义》）asthewarringhorseofLüBu.”可知,上文提到马不仅仅是出现在传说中，下文举《三国演义》中赤兔马的例子，说明马还出现在古典小说中，C项符合语境。故选C。40.D根据下文的InthisnovelcalledJourneytotheWest可知