GMAT（VERBAL）语法改错模拟试卷9

GMAT(VERBAL)语法改错模拟试卷

9

一、逻辑推理（本题共25题，每题7.0分，共25分。）

1、ToreadofAbigailAdams,lengthyseparationfromherfamily,herdifficulttravels,

andherconstantbattleswithillnessistofeelintenselyhowharshlifewasevenforthe

so-calledaristocracyofRevolutionarytimes.

A、Toreadof

B、Readingabout

C>Havingreadabout

D、Onceonereadsof

E、Tohavereadof

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由此结构可看出：B、C不对称，D便句子结构不完整，而E中的动

词不定式的完成时是不必要的，因而选A。

2^CartographershavelongstruggledwiththeproblemofhavingthesphericalEarthto

drawonaflatsheetofpaper

A、havingthesphericalEarthtodrawonaflatsheetofpaper

havingaflatsheetofpaperonwhichtodrawthesphericalEarth

C、howcanonedrawthesphericalEarthonaflatsheetofpaper

D、howtheycoulduseaflatsheetofpapertodrawthesphericalEarth

E、howtodrawthesphericalEarthonaflatsheetofpaper

标准答案：E

知识点解析：A中having后的lodraw形式不对，在have之后要么跟原形动词，要

么用过去分词（havetodosth.改变了句意）。B改变了句意，变为“有一张画上了地

球的纸”。C语序不对，宾语从句用正常语序，can无需前置。D改变了原句意思，

“用纸画地球”，显然是不符合常理的。选E,用how连接的动词不定式准确地反映

了原句意思，且简洁。

3、Someanalystsofretirementproblemsinsistthattheonlywaytoprovideequityand

protectionforallAmericansistoamalgamateallrctircmcnt-incomcsystems,including

SocialSecurity,intoonecentralsystem.

A^insistthattheonlywaytoprovideequityandprotectionforallAmericansisto

amalgamate

B、haveinsistedtheonlywayequityandprotectioncanbeprovidedfbrallAmericansis

amalgamating

C、insisttheonlywaytoprovideequityandprotectionforallAmericansisthe

amalgamationof

D^areinsistentthattheonlywayequityandprotectioncanbeprovidedforall

Americansistheamalgamationof

E、insistthattheonlywayfortheprovisionofequityandprotectionforallAmericansis

toamalgamate

标准答案：A

知识点解析:B中有3个错误：（l）insist之后没有that；（2）本应用不定式修饰的the

onlyway改用定语从句修饰，显得不简洁；（3）isamalgamating所表示的“现在进行

时”是无丝毫根据的,且改变了原意。C中：（l）insis［之后缺ihai：（2）【he

amalgamationof的表达不如动词不定式loamalgmate简洁、符合习惯。D中：⑴are

insislent没有insist简洁；（2）theonlyway之后用名词短语作修饰，不如用动词不定

式修饰简洁；（3）错误同C。E中：错误同D中的错误（2）,所以选A。

4、Thetaskforceisreviewingthecompany'shiringpracticesfor（hedetsirninationof

whethertheyaremeetingiherequirementsseibytheOfficeofEqualOpDortunily.

A、forthedeterminationofwhethertheyaremeetingtherequirementsetbytheOffice

ofequalOpportunity.

B、fbrthedeterminingofwhetherornotitmeetstherequirementsetbytheofficeof

EqualOpportunity

C、fbrthedeterminingofwhethertherequirementssetbytheOfficeofEqual

Opportunityarebeingmetornot

D>determiningwhethertherequirementssetbytheOfficeofEqualOpportunityarcmet

E、todeterminewhethertheymeettherequirementssetbytheOfficeofEqual

Opportunity

标准答案：E

知识点解析：原句划线部分是reviewing的目的解释，因而应选有动词不定式的一

项----EoA+：forthedetermination作目的，不符合表达习惯，aremeeting时态

不符合原意，因为原意是“检查''praclices”是否一贯遵守规定”，而不仅仅是“现在是

否正在遵守B中：forIhedelermining表达目的状语同样不符合习惯，且whether

从句中的it明显指代有浜。C中：forihedelerminingof与B有类似的错误，且

whether从句用了被动语态，违背“主动优先”原则。D中：determining分词短语作

目的状语同样不合适；E中用动词不定式作目的状语，符合表达习惯，且用meet

表明“一贯遵守”，并用主动语态，遵守了“主动优先”原则。

5、Thefearofrabiesiswellfounded;fewpeopleareknown2recoverfromthedisease

aftertheappearanceofth己clinicalsymptoms.

A、fewpeopleareknowntorecoverfromthediseaseaftertheappearanceoftheclinical

symptoms.

B、fewpeopleareknowntohaverecoveredfromthediseaseoncetheclinicalsymptoms

haveappeared

C、therearelewknownpeoplewhohaverecoveredfromthediseaseoncetheclinical

symptomshaveappeared

D、aftertheclinicalsymptomsappear,therearefewknownpeoplewhohaverecovered

fromthedisease

E、recoveryfromthediseaseisknownforonlyafewpeopleaftertheclinicalsymptoms

appear

标准答案：B

知识点解析：原句的大意是：对狂犬病的恐惧是有道理的，（因为）自从这种临床症

状出现后，极少数患者能够从此病中恢复。由此可推断出recover这个动作必定在

know之前，因为假如“没有患者已经恢复，人们怎么可能知道呢'”同时，原句还强

调了“自从这种临床症状”出现以来，这一延续性的动作，因而A错在：（l）to

recover未能表示出此动作发生在know之前；（2）after短谙表达极具模糊，不具

体，不知appearance与viclims有何关系，从而不能紧密地与动词不定式联系起

来。D、E中的after状语从句不能表示这一延续性动作：E中还有一错误是改变了

原意，由原来的few变为了afew,犯了原则性错误。C中的oncetheclinical

symptomshaveappeared清楚地表达了此“延续性动作“，但C中的merearefew

knownpeoplewhohaverecoveredfromthedisease比起B中的fewpeopleareknownto

haverecoveredfromthedisease,显得过于冗长、笨拙，因而选B。

6^JudgeBonhamdeniedamotionI〉allowmembersof【hejurylogohomealiheendof

eachdayinsleadofI。confineihemloahotel.

A、toallowmembersofthejurytogohomeattheendofeachdayinsteadoftoconfine

themto

B、thatwouldhaveallov/edmembersofthejurytogohomeattheendofeachday

insteadofconfinedto

C、underwhichmembersofthejuryareallowedtogohomeattheendofeachday

insteadofconfiningthemin

D、thatwouldallowmembersofthejurytogohomeattheendofeachdayratherthan

confinementin

E、toallowmembersofthejurytogohomeattheendofeachdayratherthanbe

confinedto

标准答案：E

知识点解析：此题解题的关键在手划线中的toconfinethemtoahotel的含意，是

“陪审团成员限制他们自己在酒店内呢”，还是“陪审团成员们被限制在酒店内呢”？

显然是后者，仅由此一点就可锁定答案E。在第一部分GMAT公理中讲过：

insteadof是介词，后面只跟动名词或名词，因而A、B中的insteadoftoconfine/

confinedto都不对；B的wouldhaveallowed所表示的虚拟语气是无来由的。C、D

中的confiningihem和confinement都未能表示出"被限制”之意。E用ratherthan代

替insteadof,用不带to的被动态正确地表明了原意。

7、Displaysoftheauroraborealis,or"northernlights,"canheattheatmosphereoverthe

arcticenoughtoaffectthetrajectoriesofballisticmissiles,induceelectriccurrentsthat

cancauseblackoutsinsomeareasandcorrosioninnonh-southpipelines.

A、toaffectthetrajectoriesofballisticmissiles,induce

B、thatthetrajectoriesofballisticmissilesareaffected,induce

C、thatitaffectsthetrajectoriesofballisticmissiles,induces

D^thatthetrajectoriesofballisticmissilesareaffectedandinduces

E^toaffectthetrajectoriesofballisticmissilesandinduce

标准答案：E

知识点解析：根据enough…todoslh.句型，答案只能存在于A、E之间。据题意

affect和induce是一并列成分，A、B却用一逗号将其隔开，中间也无连接词，排

除A、B,E为正确答案。B、C、D中的enough…ihat句型不对；B、D中的

affected与induces时态不一致，导致并列关系改变，从而改变句意。C中的affects

与induces之间用逗号连接，缺并列连词，且it指代有误：原句动词不定式的逻辑

主语为displays,而it只能指代前面的单数名词almosphere或arcticoE用and连

接，表明了表示结果的动词不定式并列关系（在and之后省了to）o

8、Invirtuallyalltypesoftissueineveryanimalspecies,dioxininducestheproduction

ofenzymesthatarctheorganism'stryingtometabolize，orrendniharmless,th。chemical

ihalisirrilalingit

A、tryingtometabolize,orrenderharmless,thechemicalthatisirritatingit

B、tryingthatitmetabolize,orrenderharmless,thechemicalirritant

C、attempttotrytometabolize,orrenderharmless,suchachemicalirritant

D、attempttotryandmetabolize,orrenderharmless,thechemicalirritatingit

E、attempttometabolize,orrenderharmless,thechemicalirritant

标准答案：E

知识点解析：首先可排除B,因为try之后从不跟that从句。C、D中attempttotry

属于“同义重复再进行A、E对比：trying显然不如attempt好，因为trying很少

作动名词，更多的是作形容词“困难的”,而且thechemicalthatisirritatingit明显不

如thechemicalirritant（注：irritant此处是名词）简洁。值得指出的是,orrender

harmless是插入成分，render之前省略了to,补全即为：tometabolizethechemical

irritant,ortorenderharmlessthechemicalirritanlo在这里harmless的位置前置，译

为：使这种化学刺激物无害C

9、Thereisagrowingdemandinthestatefor"initiativeandreferendum,"aprocedure

thatallowsvoterstoproposeandpasslaws,aswellasIorepealthem.

A、allowsvoterstoproposeandpasslaws,aswellastorepealthem

B、allowsvoterstopropose,pass,andtorepeallaws

C、allowsvoterstopropose,topass,andrepeallaws

D、willallowthevotertopropose,passaswellastorepeallaws

E、willallowlawstobeproposed,passed,aswellasrepealedbyvoters

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从句意理解，D、E中用win表将来时，是没有根据的，且E中用动

词不定式的被动形式是不必要的。对于A、B、C却无法选出一个最好的，因为根

据“要省就都省，要不省就全都要补出”的原则（见第十一章中的“省略”部分），A、

B、C中的3种并列形式中，总有一个并列部分没有补出省略的to,正确答案是

Ao因为在A中，propose和pass在意思上相连，被合并起来当作一个大并列关系

中的一个子项，在此子项中因propose之前有to,pass前nJ省lo,就整体并列结构

而言，propose之前有to,和后面的torepeal对应，从此意义上讲，并未违犯“省

略''的原则，而B、C中并列的3部分均独立用逗号隔开，因而违反了“省略”原

则。请背下此句。

10、Itisanoversimplifiedviewofcattleraisingtosaythatallonehaslodowithcaltleis

leaveihemalonewhileiheyfeedthemselves,corralihem、andtodrivethemtomarket

whenthetimeisripe.

A、allonehastodowithcattleisleavethemalonewhiletheyfeedthemselves,corral

them,andto

B、allonehastodowithcattleistoleavethemalonetofeedthemselves,tocorralthem,

and

C、allonehastodowithcattleisleavethemalonewhiletheyfeedthemselvesand(hen

conalthemand

D、theonlythingthathastobedonewithcattleisleavethemalonewhiletheyfeed

themselves,corralthem,and

E、theonlythingthathastobedonewithcattleistoleavethemalonewhiletheyfeed

themselves,tocorralthem,and

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题I可样是一组动词不定式的并列，根据“要省就全省，要补就全补

的原则,A、B、E都有问题。A中：leave和corral前无to,而最后一个drive前却

有to。B中：leave与corral前有to,drive前去无to。£与8相类似。而C、D中

却出现了一个大多数考生从未见过的现象,即isleave,coral,anddrive的表达。在

is和这些并列动词之间并无io,该选项显然与语法知识是相悖的，但C、D中的这

种结构却满足了平行结陶的并列要求，因此，需要冒险排除A、B、E,从C、D

中挑一个最优的。C、D的差异在于C中主语是allonehasto中withcattle,而D

中的主语是iheonlyihingihalhastobedonewithcallle,相比较而言，前者简洁，用

主动形式，后者笨拙，用被动语态，所以我们选C这种省略方式是可以的。同

样，请考生把此例背下来。

11、Acidrainandsnowresultfromthechemicalreactionsbetweenindustrialemissions

ofsulfurdioxideandnitrogenoxideswilhatmosphericwatervaporlopreducehighly

corrosivesulfuricandnitricacids.

A、withatmosphericwatervaportoproducehighlycorrosivesulfuricandnitricacids

B、withatmosphericwatervaporproducinghighlycorrosivesulfuricandnitricacids

C^andatmosphericwatervaporwhichhasproducedhighlycorrosivesulfuricandnitric

acids

D、andatmosphericwatervaporwhichhaveproducedsulfuricandnitricacidswhichare

highlycorrosive

E^andatmosphericwatervaportoproducehighlycorrosivesulfuricandnitricacids

标准答案：E-

知识点解析：根据belweenAlandA2结构，排除A、B剩下C、D、E。注意此

处，Al：industrialemissionsofsulfurdioxideandnitrogenoxides；A2：atmospheric

watervapor,不要误认为nitrogenoxides之前的and是between...and结构中的and。

C中有两个错误：(1)在GMAT公理中提到，which从不用于作限定性定语从句的

引导词；(2)意义不对，which是指“大气水蒸气"；而水蒸气不可能产生高腐蚀性的

含氮和含硫酸。D中：(1)同C(l)；(2)haveproduced用完成时无丝毫根据；

(3)whicharehighlycorrosive是不简洁的，应换为：highlycorrosivesulfuricandnitric

acidsoE中：句条的动词不定式是对前面的reactions作修饰，表明“反应的结果”，

只不过被between…and结构把两者分隔开了。

12、TheherbicideOryzalinwasstillbeingproducedin1979,threeyearsafterthewives

ofworkersproducingthechemicalinRensselaer,NewYork,werefoundtohaveborne

childrenwithheartdefectsormiscairiages,andnoneoftheirpregnancieswasnormal.

A、tohavebornechildrenwithheartdefectsormiscarriages,andnoneoftheir

pregnancieswas

B、tohavehadchildrenbornwithheartdefectsormiscarriages,andnoneofthe

pregnancieswas

C、eithertohavehadchildrenbornwithheartdefectsormiscarriages,withoutanyof

Iheirpregnanciesbeing

D、eithertohavehadmiscarriagesortohavebornechildrenwithheartdefects;noneof

thepregnancieswas

E、eithertohavehadmiscarriagesorchildrenbornwithheartdelects,withoutanyof

theirpregnanciesbeing

标准答案：D

知识点解析：注意此处：found和“生下有心脏缺陷的小孩”和“有过流产”这几个动

作发生的时间顺序，只有D既满足平行结构要求，又用了动词不定式的完成体，

反映了后两个动作是在found之前发生的。

13、Tospeakhabituallyofthe"trulyneedy"isgraduallyinstillingthenotionthatmany

ofthosewhoarcjustcalled"needy"actuallyhaveadequateresources;suchaconclusion

isunwarranted.

A^Tospeakhabituallyofthe"trulyneedy"isgraduallyinstillingthenotion

B、Tospeakhabituallyofthe"trulyneedy"isinstillingthenotiongradually

C、Tospeakhabituallyofthe"trulyneedy"isgraduallytoinstillthenotion

D^Speakinghabituallyofthe"trulyneedy"istoinstillthegradualnotion

E、Speakinghabituallyofthe"trulyneedy"isinstillingthegradualnotion

标准答案：C

知识点解析：动词不定式作主语，todoistodo结构，只有C,其他选项结构都不

妥当。

14、Ahugeflyingreptilethatdiedoutwiththedinosaurssome65millionyearsago,the

Quetzalcoatlushadawingspanof36feet,believedlobethelargestHyingcreaturethe

worldhaseverseen.

A^believedtobe

andthatisbelievediobe

C、anditisbelievedtohavebeen

D^whichwas,itisbelieved,

E、whichisbelievedtobe

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由diedout(灭绝)，表明这种动物曾经是最大的动物，但现在已不存

在了，而A中的tobe则暗示了这种动物现在还是最大的动物，这与前面的died

out相矛盾，唯一只有C用了动词不定式的完成体。

15、GeorgeSand(AuroreLucileDupin)wasoneofthefirstEuropeanwriterstoconsider

theruralpoortobrlegitimalesubjectforli〔sra>ureandportray〔hesewithsympathyand

respectinhernovels.

A、tobelegitimatesubjectsforliteratureandportraythese

shouldbelegitimatesubjectsforliteratureandportraythese

C>asbeinglegitimatesubjectsforliteratureandportrayingthem

D^asiftheywerelegitimatesubjectsforliteratureandportraythem

E、legitimatesubjectsforliteratureandtoportraythem

标准答案：E

知识点解析：动词不定式loconsider修饰oneofthefirstEuropeanwriters；consider

的用法是：considerssth.sth.,因而A、B、C,D均错(A、B中these指代错

误);E中在portray之前补出了to,表明了toportray与toconsider并列修饰

writerso

16、Thephysicalstructureofthehumaneyeenablesittosenselightofwavelengthsup

to0.0005millimeters;infraredradiation,however,isinvisiblebecauseitswavelength一

0.1millimeters-istoolongtoberegisteredbytheeye.

A、infraredradiation,however,isinvisiblebecauseitswavelength_0.1millimeters—is

toolongtoberegisteredbytheeye

B、however,thewavelengthofinfraredradiation-0.1millimeters—istoolongtobe

registeredby(heeyemakingiiinvisible

C、infraredradiation,however,isinvisiblebecauseitswavelength_0.1millimeters一is

toolongfbrtheeyetoregisterit

D^however,becausethewavelengthofinfraredradiationis0.1millimeters,itistoo

longfortheeyetoregisterandthusinvisible

E、however,infraredradiationhasawavelengthof0.1millimetersthatistoolongfor

theeyetoregister,thusmakingitinvisible

标准答案：A

知识点解析：too…to的句型。一般只有两种形式：tooadj.+todosth.和too

adj.+tobedonebysb.(sth.),而没有too+adj.+forsb./sth.+todosth.这种

表达，因而选A。B中的makingitinvisible改变了句子的意思。

17NLawmakersareexaminingmeasuresthatwouldrequirebankstodiscloseallfees

andaccountrequirementsinwriting,providefreecashingofgovernmentchecks,andto

createbasicsavingsaccountstocarryminimalfeesandrequireminimalinitialdeposits.

A、providefreecashingofgovernmentchecks,andtocreatebasicsavingsaccountsto

carry

providefreecashingofgovernmentchecks,andcreatingbasicsavingsaccounts

carrying

C、toprovidefreecashingofgovernmentchecks,andcreatingbasicsavingsaccounts

thatcarry

D^toprovidefreecashingofgovernmentchecks,creatingbasicsavingsaccountsto

carry

E、toprovidefreecashingofgovernmentchecks,andtocreatebasicsavingsaccounts

thatcarry

标准答案：E

知识点解析：disclose,provide及create是3个并列的动作，仅E中补出了所有动

词不定式的“标志”to。

18^BeforetheCivilWar,HarrietTubman,herselfanescapedslave,returnedagainand

againtoMarylandtoguideotherslavesalongtheUndergroundRailroadtofreedom.

A、herselfanescapedslave,relumedagainandagaintoMarylandtoguide

B、beinganescapedslaveherself,returnedagainandagaintoMarylandsoastoguide

C>anescapedslaveherself,returnedagainandagaintoMarylandfbrguiding

D、herselfasanescapedslave,returnedagainandagaintoMarylandsoastobethe

guideof

E、whohadbeenherselfasanescapedslave,returnedagainandagaintoMarylandfbr

theguidingof

标准答案：A

知识点解析：herselfasanescapedslave是对HarrietTubman的同位修饰，toguide

作return的目的状语，B中的being多余。C中用forguiding表目的，不符合习

惯。D中lobetheguideof过于复杂，不如loguide简洁。E中whohadbeen多余，

fortheguidingof表目的不妥。

19、Violenceinthestandsatsoccermatcheshasgottensopronouncedinseveral

Europeancountriesthatsomestadiumshaveadoptednewrulesthataimtoidentifyfans

ofvisitingteamsandthatscattheminaseparatearea.

A、toidentifyfansofvisitingteamsandthatseatthem

B、toidentifyfansofvisitingteamsandseatthem

C、toidentifyfansofvisitingteamsforseating

D、atidentifyingfansofvisitingteamssoastoseatthem

E、atidentifyingfansofvisitingteamsandthatseatthem

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由aimlodoslh.的用法，可排除D、E。此句中，seat是指“使…坐

（下）”,A中seat之前的that指代rules,但rules与seat搭配,明显逻辑不通。C中

有两个错误：（1）动作的目的一般用动词不定式来表达，而不用fordoing来表示；

（2）aim本来就有目的之意，再加一个for岂不多余。B中seal之前省了一个lo,正

确表达了句意。即“此条例的目的是两个“：一是为了区分客场球队的球迷，二是为

了使这些客场球迷坐在与主场球迷分离的另一个区域。

20Bufomarinustoads,fiercepredatorsthatwilleatfrogslizards,andevensmallbirds,

arcnativetoSouthAmericabutwereintroducedintoFloridaduringthe1930'sinan

attempttocontrolpestsinthestate'svastsugarcanefields.

A、arenativetoSouthAmericabutwereintroducedintoFloridaduringthe1930'sinan

attempttocontrol

B、arcnativeinSouthAmericabutwereintroducedintoFloridaduringthe1930'sas

attemptstocontrol

C、arenativesofSouthAmericabutwereintroducedintoFloridaduringthe1930'sin

anattemptatcontrolling

D、hadbeennativetoSouthAmericabutwereintroducedtoFloridaduringthe1930's

asanattemptatcontrolling

E、hadbeennativesofSouthAmericabutwereintroducedtoFloridaduringthe193O's

asattemptsatcontrolling

标准答案:A

知识点解析：由altempt一般由动词不定式修饰的规律，就可排除C、D、E。B

中：asattempts的用法不妥；同时native之后一般跟介词to而不是in。本题还可换

一套解题办法：由nativeto的习惯用法，可排除B、C、E。冉比较A、D,即由

attempt的用法可得到正确答案A。

21、Biologistsbelievethattheyhavefoundoneofthesubstancesthattellindividual

genesbothwhentobecomeactiveandwhentoremainauiescentintheearliestphasesof

anembryo'sdevelopment.

A、tellindividualgenesbothwhentobecomeactiveandwhentoremain

tellindividualgenesbothatwhichtimetheyshouldbecomeactiveorshouldremain

C、tellsindividualgenesbothwhentobecomeactiveorremain

D、tellsindividualgenesbothwhentobecomeactiveorwhentoremain

E^willtellanindividualgenebothaboutwhenitshouldbecomeactiveandremain

标准答案：A」

知识点解析：B、C、D中，both…or的搭配是绝对错误的。E中:both…and结

构，两者之后所跟的词组形式不一致。A中用一个when+动词不定式的省略结构，

不仅表达了句意，旦表达简洁。

22、Thedistinctivehereditarytartansihalareallegedtobewornsinceantiquityby

membersoftheHighlandclanswereinfactdesignedbyScottishwoolenmanufacturers

intheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies.

A^thatareallegedtobeworn

B>allegedtohavebeenworn

C^thatareworn,itwasalleged,

D、allegedashavingbeenworn

E、thatareworn,allegedly,

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本句中，allege这一动作显然是发生在wear此动作之后，也就是说

allege之后的动词不定式应该用完成体，而不是一般形式towear,这一点还可以由

sinceantiquity这一修饰wear的词组再次证实。A、C、D、E几个选项要么表达复

杂，要么改变了句意。同时B中用过去分词短语形式，比定语从句修饰简洁。

23、TheWallersteinstudyindicatesthatevenafteradecadeyoungmenandwomenstill

experiencesomeoftheeffectsofadivorceoccurringwhenachild.

A、occurringwhenachild

occurringwh