2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题

2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题考生须知1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写姓名和考生编号，在答题卡指定位置上粘贴条形码。2.选择题答案必须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹签字笔书写在答题卡指定区域内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。3.考试结束后，将试题册、答题卡一并交回。（考试时间：180分钟满分：100分）SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Humancreativityhaslongbeenregardedasanirreplaceablesourceofartisticandculturalprogress.Moderncreativetoolsgreatlyenrichourlives.1,advancedcreativetoolsalsocarrypotentialrisksofreshapingourexperiencesinwayswemightfinddifficulttocontrol.Onesuch2liesinhowweperceiveandappreciatebeauty.Modernauxiliarytoolshavebecomepowerfulsupportiveresourcesinvariouscreativefields.3professionalcreatorsandmoderntechnologicalassistancecanjointlyproduceuniqueartisticworksthatstrikeachordwithaudiences.Suchcooperativecreationisbecomingincreasinglyprevalent.4,convenientandefficientcreativetoolsalsobringsubtlechallengestopeople’saestheticjudgment.Manypeopletendtorelyonstandardizedcreativetemplates,whichgraduallyweakenstheirabilitytodiscoveroriginalbeautyinlife.Whenartisticcreationbecomesoverlysimplifiedandformulaic,peoplemaylosethesubtleperceptionandpatientthinkingthat5genuineaestheticexperience.Criticsarguethattheessenceofartliesinpersonalperception,emotionalprecipitationanduniquelifeinsights,ratherthanrigidlyunifiedaestheticpresentations.Therefore,weshouldproperlybalancetherelationshipbetweencreativetoolsandpersonalcreation.Wecantakeadvantageoftechnologicalconvenienceto6ourcreativeefficiency,butwemustneverletexternaltoolsdominateouraestheticcognition.Trueartisticcreation7persistentaccumulationoflifeexperienceandindependentthinkingability.Onlybyadheringtoself-awarenessincreationcanweavoidthe8ofaesthetichomogenizationandmaintainthevitalityofdiverseartisticexpression.Intheeraofrapidtechnologicaldevelopment,theinheritanceandinnovationofartstill9onthesubjectiveinitiativeofhumanbeings.Nomatterhowadvancedcreativemeansare,thecoreofartwillalwaysbethesincereexpressionofhumanemotionsandthoughts,whichisthefundamentalreasonwhyartcan10permanently.1.[A]Moreover[B]However[C]Therefore[D]Otherwise2.[A]risk[B]benefit[C]choice[D]trend3.[A]Rigorous[B]Professional[C]Casual[D]Limited4.[A]Similarly[B]Additionally[C]Conversely[D]Consequently5.[A]define[B]undermine[C]imitate[D]simplify6.[A]reduce[B]improve[C]verify[D]evaluate7.[A]requires[B]rejects[C]ignores[D]substitutes8.[A]goal[B]result[C]trap[D]solution9.[A]insist[B]rely[C]comment[D]focus10.[A]fade[B]expand[C]persist[D]fluctuateSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Intheearly20thcentury,theemergenceofbroadcastradiotriggeredaprofoundrevolutioninpubliccultureandsocialcommunication.Beforethepopularityofradio,informationdisseminationwaslargelyrestrictedbytimeandspace.Printmediasuchasnewspapersandperiodicalscouldonlyspreadinformationtoliterategroups,whileoralcommunicationwaslimitedtosmallregionalcrowdsandcouldnotformlarge-scalepublicinfluence.SirJohnReith,thefoundingfatherofBritishpublicbroadcasting,oncecommentedthatradiowouldendthe“isolationofthespirit”ofhumansociety.Hepointedoutthatradiohadanunprecedentedinclusiveadvantage:nomattertensofthousandsofpeopleorasinglelistener,thebroadcastsignalcouldserveeveryoneequally,breakingthebarriersofwealth,status,educationandregion.Thewiseandtheignorant,therichandthepoor,peopleincitiesandremotevillagescouldreceivethesameinformationandculturalnourishmentsimultaneously.Duringthetwoworldwars,thisnewtechnologicalinnovationplayedacrucialroleinshapingnationalconsciousnessandpublicidentity.Governmentsofvariouscountriesusedradiotoreleasenationalpolicies,conveywartimespiritsandunifypubliccognition.Forthefirsttime,ordinarycitizenscouldkeepabreastofnationaleventsandinternationalsituationsinrealtime,whichgreatlyenhancedtheirsenseofnationalidentityandsocialbelonging.Anewnationwidepublicculturalatmospheregraduallytookshape.Nevertheless,thepopularityofradioalsoarousedwidespreadacademicandpublicdiscussion.Somescholarswarnedthatcentralizedbroadcastinformationmightweakenpeople’sindependentthinkingability.Unlikeprintmediathatallowsreaderstoreadrepeatedly,thinkindependentlyandscreeninformationfreely,radioprogramsarebroadcastinrealtime,linearandirreversible.Audiencesoftenpassivelyacceptinformationarrangedbybroadcasters,whichmayleadtothehomogenizationofpublicthinkingandtheweakeningofindividualcriticalawareness.Inaddition,thecommercializationofradiobroadcastingalsobroughthiddenworries.Withthecontinuousexpansionoftheradiomarket,manyprivatebroadcastinginstitutionsbegantoprioritizecommercialinterests.Alargenumberofentertainmentprogramsandcommercialadvertisementsfloodedtheairwaves,squeezingthelivingspaceofpublicwelfareandeducationalprograms.Criticsbelievedthatthischangemaderadiograduallydeviatefromitsoriginalintentionofpublicculturalservice.Today,althoughradioisnolongerthedominantmassmedia,itshistoricalinfluenceonpubliccommunicationandculturalconstructionisstillworthyofin-depthstudy.Theculturallogicandpubliccommunicationrulesformedintheeraofradiohavelaidanimportantfoundationforthedevelopmentofmodernmultimediacommunication.11.Beforetheadventofradio,publicinformationdisseminationwascharacterizedby______.[A]fullcoverageofthepublic[B]obviousgrouplimitations[C]real-timeinformationupdate[D]unifiedculturaltransmission12.SirJohnReith’scommentonradiohighlightsits______.[A]universalinclusiveness[B]professionalaccuracy[C]culturaloriginality[D]politicalauthority13.Thewartimeapplicationofradiohelpedto______.[A]eliminateregionalculturaldifferences[B]standardizenationalmediapolicies[C]strengthencitizens’nationalidentity[D]realizereal-timeglobalcommunication14.Whatisthepotentialdrawbackofradiobroadcasting?[A]Itrestrictsthespreadofdiverseinformation.[B]Itinhibitsaudiences’independentthinking.[C]Itcompletelyreplacesprintmedia.[D]Itoveremphasizespublicwelfarevalues.15.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthehistoricalroleofradiois______.[A]critical[B]skeptical[C]objective[D]biasedText2Urbancommunitygardenshavegraduallybecomeavitalpartofmodernurbanecologicalconstructionandresidents’dailylife.Indenselypopulatedmoderncities,high-risebuildingsandhardenedroadsoccupymostoftheurbanspace,andnaturalgreenspacesareincreasinglyscarce.Communitygardensbuiltinresidentialareasmakeuseofidlecornerspaces,abandonedgreenbeltsandvacantlots,bringingrarenaturalvitalitytothecrampedurbanlivingenvironment.Differentfromurbanpublicparkswithstandardizedmanagementandsinglelandscapefunction,communitygardenshavestronggrassrootsautonomyanddiversefunctionalattributes.Thesegardensarejointlymanagedandmaintainedbycommunityresidents.Residentscanplantseasonalvegetables,flowersandherbsaccordingtotheirownpreferences,andharvestthefruitsoflaborbythemselves.Thiskindofparticipatoryplantingexperiencebreaksthepassiveviewingmodeoftraditionalurbangreening.Thevalueofcommunitygardensisreflectedinmultipledimensions.Ecologically,theycanpurifyurbanair,reduceurbanheatislandeffect,andenrichurbanbiologicaldiversity,effectivelyimprovingthemicro-ecologicalenvironmentofresidentialareas.Physiologically,plantingandgardeningisamoderatephysicalexercise,whichhelpsurbanresidentswhositinofficesforalongtimetorelievephysicalfatigueandimprovephysicalfitness.Moreimportantly,communitygardenshaveprominentsocialandpsychologicalvalues.Modernurbanlifeisfast-pacedandinterpersonalcommunicationisincreasinglyalienated.Neighborslivinginthesamecommunityoftenlackeffectiveinteraction.Communitygardensprovideapubliccommunicationplatformforresidents.Intheprocessoflandreclamation,sowing,wateringandharvesting,residentscommunicatewitheachother,shareplantingexperienceandlifetrivialities,whicheffectivelyshortensthedistancebetweenneighborsandenhancescommunitycohesion.However,thedevelopmentofurbancommunitygardensalsofacesmanypracticalchallenges.First,theownershipandmanagementrightsofurbanidlelandarecomplicated,andmanycommunitygardenprojectslackstablelandguarantee,resultinginshortservicelife.Second,theoverallplantingliteracyofresidentsisuneven.Blindplantinganddisorderlymanagementoftenleadtoproblemssuchasmessygardenenvironmentandsingleplantvariety.Third,thelackofunifiedcommunityguidanceandstandardizedmanagementrulesmakesitdifficulttobalancepublicinterestsandindividualdemands,anddisputesoverplantingspaceoccasionallyoccur.Topromotethesustainabledevelopmentofcommunitygardens,urbanmanagementdepartmentsneedtoformulatetargetedmanagementpolicies,clarifylandusestandards,andprovideprofessionalplantingguidanceandtechnicalsupportforresidents.Communitiescanestablishvoluntarymanagementteamstoformulateunifiedmanagementconventions,standardizeplantingbehaviors,andintegrateindividualplantingenthusiasmintotheoverallconstructionofcommunitypublicculture.16.Comparedwithurbanpublicparks,communitygardensare______.[A]moreprofessionallymanaged[B]morefunctionallydiverse[C]morevisuallystandardized[D]morewidelydistributed17.Theecologicalvalueofcommunitygardensliesin______.[A]optimizingurbanmicro-ecology[B]providingleisureplaces[C]savingurbanconstructionland[D]improvingresidents’livinghabits18.Communitygardenshelpstrengthencommunitycohesionby______.[A]unifyingresidents’livingstandards[B]providinginteractivepublicspace[C]standardizingcommunitymanagement[D]enrichingresidents’entertainmentmodes19.Oneofthedifficultiesindevelopingcommunitygardensis______.[A]excessivegovernmentintervention[B]shortageofresidentparticipation[C]unstablelanduseconditions[D]singlepublicdemand20.Theauthor’ssuggestionforcommunitygardendevelopmentis______.[A]expandingplantingscaleblindly[B]relyingentirelyonresidentautonomy[C]combiningpolicyguidanceandresidentmanagement[D]prioritizingeconomicbenefitsText3Theinheritanceoftraditionalcraftsisanimportantcarrierofnationalculturalheritageandspiritualcivilization.Foralongtime,numeroustraditionalhandcraftshavebeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,carryingtheaestheticconcepts,productionwisdomandculturalemotionsofdifferenthistoricalperiods.However,withtherapiddevelopmentofindustrialmassproduction,traditionalcraftsarefacinganunprecedentedsurvivalcrisisinmodernsociety.Thebiggestimpactcomesfromindustrialstandardizedproduction.Modernindustrialproductionhastheadvantagesofhighefficiency,lowcostandlargeoutput.Mass-producedindustrialproductswithsimilarstylesquicklyoccupythecivilianconsumermarket.Incontrast,traditionalcraftsrelyonmanualproduction,withcomplexprocesses,longproductioncyclesandhighlaborcosts.Thehandmadeproductsareexquisiteincraftsmanshipbutexpensiveinprice,lackingpricecompetitivenessintheconsumermarket.Inaddition,theagingofinheritorsandthefaultoftalentechelonarekeyproblemsrestrictingthedevelopmentoftraditionalcrafts.Mosttraditionalcraftskillsrequireyearsofconcentratedstudyandpracticalaccumulationtomaster,withalonglearningcycleandhighdifficulty.Youngpeopleinmodernsocietyaremoreinclinedtoengageinfast-paced,high-incomemodernindustries,andfewarewillingtodevotethemselvestothelong-termandarduouscraftinheritancework.Manyexcellenttraditionalcraftsarefacedwiththedilemmaofnosuccessor.Thesinglepresentationformalsolimitsthespreadanddevelopmentoftraditionalcrafts.Foralongtime,traditionalcraftinheritancereliesonthemodeof"masterteachingapprentice",withclosedinheritancechannelsandnarrowcommunicationscope.Mostcraftsonlyappearintraditionalfestivalsorfolkactivities,lackingintegrationwithmodernlifeandmodernaesthetictrends.Manyyoungpeoplehavelittleunderstandingoftraditionalcraftsandcannotrecognizetheirculturalvalueandartisticcharm.Inrecentyears,thestateandsocietyhavepaidincreasingattentiontotheprotectionandinheritanceoftraditionalcrafts.Manyregionshavelaunchedintangibleculturalheritageinheritanceprojects,setupcraftinheritancebases,andinvitedveterancraftsmentocarryoutpublicteaching.Meanwhile,manyyounginheritorstrytoinnovateonthebasisoftraditionalcraftsmanship.Theyintegratemoderndesignconceptsandpopularelementsintotraditionalcrafts,optimizeproductstylesandpracticalfunctions,andmaketraditionalcraftsmoreadaptabletomodernconsumerneeds.Theinheritanceandinnovationoftraditionalcraftsisnotonlythecontinuationofskills,butalsotheinheritanceofculture.Onlybycombiningtraditionalcraftsmanshipwithmodernlife,keepingpacewiththetimesininnovationandadheringtotraditionininheritance,cantraditionalcraftsgainlastingvitalityinmodernsociety.21.Traditionalcraftsareincrisismainlydueto______.[A]backwardculturalconcepts[B]impactofindustrialproduction[C]outdatedfestivalcustoms[D]insufficientpolicysupport22.Itisdifficulttoinherittraditionalcraftsbecauseof______.[A]highlearningcostandlongcycle[B]lowrecognitionofsocialvalue[C]strictinheritancesystem[D]imperfectindustrialstandards23.Thetraditionalinheritancemodeofcraftsleadsto______.[A]excessivecommercialization[B]narrowcommunicationscope[C]diversifiedinnovation[D]standardizedproduction24.Theauthorholdsthattheinnovationoftraditionalcraftsshould______.[A]completelyabandontraditionalstyles[B]caterblindlytopopulartrends[C]balancetraditionandmodernity[D]prioritizeeconomicprofits25.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?[A]TheCrisisandRenewalofTraditionalCrafts[B]TheHistoryofTraditionalCraftInheritance[C]ModernIndustrialImpactonHandicrafts[D]YoungInheritorsofTraditionalCultureText4Corporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)hasbecomeanimportantevaluationdimensionofmodernenterprisedevelopment.Inthepast,thecoregoalofenterpriseoperationwassimplytomaximizeeconomicprofits.Withtheprogressofsocialcivilizationandtheimprovementofpublicawareness,societyhasputforwardhigherrequirementsforenterprises.Modernenterprisesareexpectedtoundertakecorrespondingsocialresponsibilitieswhilepursuingeconomicbenefits,feedingbacksocietyandpromotingsocialprogress.Corporatesocialresponsibilitycoversmultiplefields,includingenvironmentalprotection,publicwelfarecharity,employeerightsprotection,andindustrialethicsconstruction.Intermsofenvironmentalresponsibility,enterprisesneedtooptimizeproductionprocesses,reducepollutantemissions,andpromotegreenandlow-carbonproductionmodestoreducethedamagetotheecologicalenvironment.Intermsofpublicwelfareresponsibility,enterprisescaninvestineducationalassistance,povertyalleviation,medicalcareandotherpublicwelfareundertakingstohelpvulnerablegroupsandpromotebalancedsocialdevelopment.ManypeopleholdtheviewthatCSRwillincreaseenterpriseoperatingcostsandreduceeconomicprofits.Thisone-sidedviewignoresthelong-termvalueofsocialresponsibility.Althoughshort-termpublicwelfareinvestmentandenvironmentaltransformationwillincreasecapitalexpenditure,standardizedsocialresponsibilitybehaviorcaneffectivelyimprovethebrandimageandsocialreputationofenterprises.Excellentcorporatereputationcanenhanceconsumertrust,expandmarketshare,andformagoodinteractiverelationshipbetweenenterprisesandsociety.Enterprisesthatactivelyundertakesocialresponsibilitiescanalsoattracthigh-qualitytalentsandcooperativeresources.Modernjobseekersnolongeronlyfocusonsalaryandwelfare,butalsopayattentiontothesocialvalueandpublicimageofenterprises.Enterpriseswithgoodsocialresponsibilityperformancearemoreattractivetooutstandingtalents.Atthesametime,standardizedandresponsibleoperationmodesaremorelikelytogaintherecognitionandtrustofpartners,whichisconducivetolong-termstableindustrialcooperation.However,intheactualoperationprocess,therearealsophenomenaoffalseCSRamongindividualenterprises.Someenterprisestakesocialresponsibilityactivitiesasamarketingmeans,carryingoutsuperficialpublicwelfareactivitiesonlyforbrandpublicity,butignoringtheessentialenvironmentalprotectionandethicalresponsibilitiesintheproductionprocess.Thiskindofopportunisticbehaviornotonlyfailstocreaterealsocialvalue,butalsodamagesthecredibilityoftheindustryandmisleadspubliccognition.Thedevelopmentofmodernenterprisesprovesthatsocialresponsibilityisnotaburdenonenterprisedevelopment,butanindispensablepartoflong-termstrategicdevelopment.Onlybyintegratingsocialresponsibilityintocorporatedevelopmentstrategiesanddailyoperationmanagementcanenterprisesachievesustainabledevelopmentandrealizethedualgrowthofeconomicbenefitsandsocialvalue.26.Thepublic’srequirementformodernenterprisesisto______.[A]prioritizeprofitmaximization[B]balancebenefitsandsocialresponsibility[C]abandontraditionaloperationmodes[D]focussolelyonpublicwelfareundertakings27.ThemisunderstandingofCSRliesinbelievingthatit______.[A]harmslong-termbranddevelopment[B]bringsnoshort-termeconomicreturns[C]increasesenterpriseoperatingcostsonly[D]reducesconsumermarkettrust28.Undertakingsocialresponsibilityhelpsenterprises______.[A]optimizeinternalmanagementsystem[B]attracttalentsandcooperativeresources[C]simplifyproductionprocesses[D]avoidmarketcompetitionrisks29.Theauthorcriticizessomeenterprisesfor______.[A]usingCSRforfalsemarketing[B]overinvestinginpublicwelfare[C]ignoringprofitgrowth[D]pursuingstandardizedoperation30.Thetextmainlydiscusses______.[A]Themaincontentsofcorporatesocialresponsibility[B]Themisunderstandingofmodernenterpriseoperation[C]Thevalueandcorrectpracticeofcorporatesocialresponsibility[D]ThedifferencebetweenenterpriseprofitandsocialvaluePartBDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions31-35,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)HowtoDevelopLifelongReadingHabitsReadingisthemostconvenientandeffectivewayforindividualstoacquireknowledge,broadenhorizonsandshapethinking.Intheinformation-explosionera,peoplearesurroundedbyfragmentedinformationeveryday,andsystematicreadingisbecomingincreasinglyrare.Developingapersistentlifelongreadinghabithasbecomeanimportantabilityformodernpeopletocopewithsocialchangesandrealizeself-growth.31Firstofall,weneedtoestablishaclearreadinggoal.Manypeople’sreadingbehaviorisblindandcasual.Theypickupbooksatwillandgiveuphalfway,resultinginlowreadingefficiencyanddifficultyingainingeffectivegrowth.Clearreadinggoalscanhelpusscreenreadingmaterials,arrangereadingtimereasonably,andavoidaimlessreading.32Secondly,itisnecessarytoformulateastablereadingplanandsticktoit.Goodhabitsareformedthroughlong-termpersistenceratherthanoccasionalimpulsivebehavior.Wecanformulatetargetedplansaccordingtoourworkandrestrules,suchasinsistingonreadingfor30minuteseverymorningorbeforegoingtobed.Fixedreadingtimecanformbehavioralinertiaandmakereadingadailynecessityratherthanatemporarytask.33Inaddition,choosingsuitablereadingmaterialsiscrucialtomaintainreadingenthusiasm.Manypeoplegiveupreadingbecausetheychooseoverlyobscureorboringbooksatthebeginning,whichmakesthemfeelfrustratedandloseinterest.Beginnerscanstartfromeasy-to-understandpopularreadings,andgraduallytransitiontoprofessionalandin-depthbooksastheirreadingabilityimproves.34Moreover,creatingagoodreadingatmospherecaneffectivelypromotethepersistenceofreadinghabits.Aquietandconcentratedreadingenvironmentcanhelppeoplestayawayfromexternalinterferenceandimmersethemselvesinreading.Wecansortoutafixedreadingcornerathome,turnoffelectronicdevicesduringreading,andreduceinformationinterruption.Meanwhile,participatinginreadingclubsandsharingreadinginsightswithotherscanenhancereadingsenseofaccomplishmentandmotivation.35Lifelongreadingisnotarigidtask,butapositivelifestyle.Persistentreadingcanenrichourspiritualworld,optimizeourthinkingmodeandaccompanyustogrowsteadilyinthelongrun.[A]Appropriatereadingmaterialscanstimulatelastingreadinginterestandavoidreadingburnout.[B]Manypeoplelacksufficienttimeforreadingduetobusyworkandstudy.[C]Thefollowingmethodscaneffectivelyhelppeopledeveloplifelongreadinghabits.[D]Long-termadherencetoplannedreadingcangraduallyshapesystematicthinkingability.[E]Agoodreadingatmosphereturnspassivereadingintoactivespiritualpursuit.[F]Cleargoalsmakereadingmoretargetedandimprovetheefficiencyofknowledgeabsorption.[G]Electronicreadinghasgraduallyreplacedtraditionalpaperreadinginmodernsociety.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thevalueofslowlivinghasbeenwidelydiscussedinmodernfast-pacedsociety.(36)Modernurbanlifeisfilledwithendlessworktasks,informationpushesandefficiencyrequireme