2025-2026年福建省人教版高一英语第5单元语法练习题

2025-2026年福建省人教版高一英语第5单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewEnglishteacheroftenasksstudentsto_______theiropinionsinclass,whichhelpsimprovetheirspeakingskills.A.expressB.expresssC.expresssionD.expressively解析：本题考查动词固定搭配。题干意为“新来的英语老师经常让学生在课堂上______他们的观点，这有助于提高他们的口语能力”。选项A"express"意为“表达”，符合句意且语法正确；选项B"expresss"拼写错误；选项C"expression"是名词形式；选项D"expressively"是副词形式。正确答案为A，强调动词原形在祈使句中的使用。2.Whilereadingthearticle,Ifounditdifficulttounderstandthesentence"Theboy,who_______beentoLondontwice,stilldreamsoftravelingaroundtheworld."becausetherelativeclausewasmisplaced.A.hasvisitedB.visitedC.visitD.wasvisiting解析：本题考查现在完成时态。题干意为“读这篇文章时，我发现很难理解这个句子‘那个去过伦敦两次的男孩仍然梦想环游世界’，因为定语从句放错位置了”。根据句意，男孩已经去过伦敦两次，应用现在完成时态，且主语是男孩单数，动词需加-s。选项A"hasvisited"符合语法和句意；选项B"visited"是过去时；选项C"visit"是一般现在时；选项D"wasvisiting"是过去进行时。正确答案为A，强调现在完成时的用法。3.Themanagertoldtheemployeesthatthey_______finishtheprojectbyFriday,buttheydidn’tknowhowtomeetthedeadline.A.mustB.shouldC.mayD.might解析：本题考查情态动词表义务。题干意为“经理告诉员工他们必须在周五前完成项目，但他们不知道如何赶上截止日期”。根据句意，经理强调必须完成，应用must表义务。选项B"should"表建议；选项C"may"表可能性；选项D"might"表推测。正确答案为A，强调must的强制性。4.IfI_______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediatelybecausesilencemightmakethingsworse.A.amB.wereC.beD.is解析：本题考查虚拟语气。题干意为“如果我是你，我会立刻向她道歉，因为沉默可能会让事情更糟”。根据句意，这是对现实情况的假设，应用第二虚拟语气，从句动词用过去式。选项A"am"、选项C"be"、选项D"is"均不符合虚拟语气规则。选项B"were"符合第二虚拟语气。正确答案为B，强调虚拟语气的用法。5.Thestudentsweresurprisedtoseethattheoldlibrary_______completelyrenovatedandlookedmuchmoremodern.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.were解析：本题考查被动语态。题干意为“学生们惊讶地发现那座老图书馆已经被完全翻新，看起来现代多了”。根据句意，翻新发生在过去，且主语library是单数，应用过去完成时的被动语态。选项A"hasbeen"是现在完成时；选项C"was"是过去时；选项D"were"主谓不一致。正确答案为B，强调过去完成时的被动语态。6.Theteacheraskedtheclass,"Why_______youfinishyourhomeworklastnight?"becausesomestudentswerestillplayinggames.A.didn’tyouB.didn’tyouC.didn’ttheyD.didn’tthey解析：本题考查宾语从句否定提前。题干意为“老师问全班‘你们昨晚为什么没完成作业？’因为有些学生还在玩游戏”。宾语从句需用陈述语序，但否定词需提前。选项A"didn’tyou"和选项B"didn’tyou"均错误；选项C"didn’tthey"主语错误；选项D"didn’tthey"正确。正确答案为D，强调宾语从句的否定提前规则。7.Thecompanydecidedto_______anewpolicytoimproveemployeesatisfaction,butitdidn’ttakeeffectuntilnextmonth.A.introduceB.introducesC.introducingD.introduced解析：本题考查非谓语动词。题干意为“公司决定______一项新政策以提高员工满意度，但它要到下个月才生效”。动词不定式作目的状语。选项A"introduce"符合语法；选项B"introduces"是谓语形式；选项C"introducing"是动名词；选项D"introduced"是过去分词。正确答案为A，强调不定式的用法。8.Thefilm,_______tellsthestoryofayounggirl’sjourney,wonthebestawardattheinternationalfestival.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whom解析：本题考查定语从句关系词。题干意为“这部讲述年轻女孩旅程的电影在国际电影节上获得了最佳奖项”。先行词film是物，关系词用which或that。选项C"whose"和选项D"whom"不适用。正确答案为A，强调which的用法。9.Thestudentswereaskedto_______theiressaysbeforesubmittingthemtotheteachertoavoidplagiarism.A.checkB.checkedC.checkingD.tocheck解析：本题考查动词不定式。题干意为“学生被要求在提交给老师之前______他们的论文以避免剽窃”。不定式作目的状语。选项A"check"符合语法；选项B"checked"是过去分词；选项C"checking"是动名词；选项D"tocheck"是动词不定式。正确答案为A，强调不定式的用法。10.Theteachersaid,"Ifyou_______harder,youwouldhavepassedtheexamlasttime."A.studyB.studiedC.willstudyD.wouldstudy解析：本题考查虚拟语气。题干意为“老师说‘如果你上次更努力，你就能通过考试了’”。这是对过去的假设，主句用wouldhavedone。选项A"study"是一般现在时；选项C"willstudy"是一般将来时；选项D"wouldstudy"不符合虚拟语气规则。正确答案为B，强调过去虚拟语气的用法。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thecompanyrequiresallemployeesto_______theirIDcardswhenenteringtheofficeforsecurityreasons.参考答案：show解析：本题考查动词固定搭配。showone’sIDcard意为“出示身份证”，符合句意。2.IfI_______you,Iwould_______themanagerabouttheproblemimmediatelytoavoiddelays.参考答案：were,talkto解析：本题考查虚拟语气和动词搭配。第一空用were表假设；第二空talktothemanager意为“和经理谈话”，符合句意。3.Thestudentswereaskedto_______theiranswersinthetestbecausetheteacherwantedtoseetheirrealunderstanding.参考答案：write解析：本题考查动词固定搭配。writeanswers意为“写答案”，符合句意。4.Thenewpolicywill_______intoeffectnextmonth,whichmeansallemployeesmustfollowtheupdatedrules.参考答案：come解析：本题考查动词固定搭配。comeintoeffect意为“生效”，符合句意。5.Theteachertoldtheclassthatthey_______studyharderiftheywantedtoimprovetheirgrades.参考答案：hadto解析：本题考查情态动词表义务。hadtostudyharder意为“必须努力学习”，符合句意。6.Theboy,_______hasbeentoParistwice,stilldreamsofvisitingtheEiffelTower.参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句关系词。先行词boy是物，关系词用who，符合句意。7.Themanageraskedtheemployees,"Why_______youfinishtheprojectontime?"参考答案：didn’t,manageto解析：本题考查宾语从句和动词搭配。didn’tmanagetofinish意为“没能完成”，符合句意。8.Thestudentsweresurprisedtoseethattheoldlibrary_______completelyrenovatedandlookedmuchmoremodern.参考答案：hadbeen解析：本题考查过去完成时的被动语态。hadbeenrenovated意为“已经被翻新”，符合句意。9.IfI_______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediatelybecausesilencemightmakethingsworse.参考答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。wereyou意为“如果你是”，符合句意。10.Thecompanydecidedto_______anewpolicytoimproveemployeesatisfaction.参考答案：introduce解析：本题考查动词固定搭配。introduceapolicy意为“推出政策”，符合句意。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheymustfinishtheirhomeworkbytonight,buttheydidn’tknowhowtomeetthedeadline.(×)解析：错误。must表义务，但句意中“他们不知道如何赶上截止日期”暗示他们可能无法完成，应改为should或may。2.Theboy,whohasbeentoLondontwice,stilldreamsoftravelingaroundtheworld.(√)解析：正确。现在完成时态正确，且定语从句位置合理。3.ThemanageraskedtheemployeesiftheywouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday.(×)解析：错误。宾语从句需用陈述语序，应改为iftheywouldfinish。4.Thestudentsweresurprisedtoseethattheoldlibrarywascompletelyrenovated.(×)解析：错误。根据句意，翻新发生在过去，且主语library是单数，应用hadbeenrenovated。5.Theteachersaid,"Ifyoustudyharder,youwouldhavepassedtheexamlasttime."(×)解析：错误。这是对过去的假设，主句应用wouldhavedone，但句意中“你”是学生，应改为youwouldhavepassed。6.Thecompanydecidedtointroduceanewpolicytoimproveemployeesatisfaction.(√)解析：正确。动词不定式作目的状语，符合语法。7.Thefilm,whichtellsthestoryofayounggirl’sjourney,wonthebestawardattheinternationalfestival.(√)解析：正确。which引导非限制性定语从句，符合语法。8.Thestudentswereaskedtochecktheiressaysbeforesubmittingthemtotheteacher.(√)解析：正确。不定式作目的状语，符合语法。9.Theteachertoldtheclassthattheydidn’tfinishtheirhomeworklastnight.(×)解析：错误。宾语从句需用陈述语序，应改为thattheydidn’tfinish。10.Thenewpolicywillcomeintoeffectnextmonth.(√)解析：正确。动词固定搭配comeintoeffect意为“生效”，符合句意。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"must"and"should"inEnglish.参考答案：Must表示强烈的义务或必须，通常用于正式场合或命令。例如："Youmustfinishyourhomework."Should表示建议或义务，语气较must缓和。例如："Youshouldstudyharder."解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。must表强制性义务，should表建议或义务，需结合语境理解。2.Howdoyouformarelativeclauseusing"which"?参考答案：Which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词（通常是物），且在从句中作主语或宾语。例如："Thefilm,whichtellsastory,wontheaward."解析：本题考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，需注意与限制性定语从句的区别。3.Whydoweusethepresentperfecttensein"IhavevisitedLondontwice"?参考答案：Presentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedinthepastbuthasrelevancetothepresent.In"IhavevisitedLondontwice,"thevisitisinthepast,buttheexperienceisstillrelevanttothepresent.解析：本题考查现在完成时态。现在完成时态强调过去动作对现在的影响。4.Whatisthestructureofasecondconditionalsentence?参考答案：Secondconditional:If+pastsimple,...would+baseform.Forexample:"IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologize."解析：本题考查虚拟语气。第二虚拟语气用于对现实情况的假设，结构为If+过去式，...would+动词原形。5.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?参考答案：Passivevoice:Subject+be+pastparticiple.Forexample:"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim."解析：本题考查被动语态。被动语态结构为Subject+be+过去分词，需注意主语和动词的数一致。6.Whydoweuse"whom"inarelativeclause?参考答案：Whomisusedtorefertopeopleinarelativeclauseastheobject.Forexample:"TheboywhomIsawismyfriend."解析：本题考查定语从句关系词。whom在定语从句中作宾语，但口语中常被which替代。7.Howdoyouformafutureperfecttensesentence?参考答案：Futureperfecttense:Subject+willhave+pastparticiple.Forexample:"Bynextmonth,Iwillhavefinishedtheproject."解析：本题考查将来完成时态。将来完成时态用于描述在将来某个时间点之前完成的动作。8.Whatisthepurposeofusingarelativeclause?参考答案：Relativeclausesaddextrainformationtoasentencewithoutstartinganewsentence.Forexample:"ThebookthatIreadisinteresting."解析：本题考查定语从句的作用。定语从句用于修饰先行词，使句子更简洁。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethesentence"ThemanagertoldtheemployeesthattheymustfinishtheprojectbyFriday."usingapassivevoice.参考答案：TheprojectmustbefinishedbytheemployeesbyFriday.解析：本题考查被动语态。将主动语态转换为被动语态，需将宾语变为主语，动词改为be+过去分词。2.Completethesentence:"IfI_______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately."参考答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。这是对现实情况的假设，应用第二虚拟语气，从句动词用过去式。3.Changethesentence"Thestudentsweresurprisedtoseethattheoldlibrarywascompletelyrenovated."intoapastperfecttensesentence.参考答案：Thestudentsweresurprisedtoseethattheoldlibraryhadbeencompletelyrenovated.解析：本题考查过去完成时态。将一般过去时转换为过去完成时，需将动词改为had+过去分词。4.Rewritethesentence"Thecompanydecidedtointroduceanewpolicytoimproveemployeesatisfaction."usinganinfinitivephraseasthesubject.参考答案：Tointroduceanewpolicytoimproveemployeesatisfaction,thecompanydecided.解析：本题考查非谓语动词。将动词不定式作主语，需将原句结构调整。5.Completethesentence:"Theboy,_______beentoLondontwice,stilldreamsoftravelingaroundtheworld."参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句关系词。先行词boy是物，关系词用which或that；但此处指人，应用who。6.Rewritethesentence"Themanageraskedtheemployeesiftheywouldfinishtheprojectontime."usingadirectspeech.参考答案：Themanageraskedtheemployees,"Willyoufinishtheprojectontime?"解析：本题考查直接引语。将间接引语转换为直接引语，需将宾语从句改为直接问句。7.Completethesentence:"IfI_______you,Iwouldstudyharder."参考答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。这是对现实情况的假设，应用第二虚拟语气，从句动词用过去式。8.Rewritethesentence"Thestudentswereaskedto