大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷837

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷837

一、仔细阅读(本题共30题，每题7.0分，共30分。)

Everyday.weareinfluencedbymassmedia.Althoughsomecriticsofthemediaclaim

thatthesemeansofcommunicationareusedmostlytocontrolourthinkingandgetusto

buyproductswedon'tneed,theyagreethatthemediaalsocontributestokeepingpeople

informed.Inotherwords,whilerisksdoexist,thebenefitsofthemediaarcfarmorethan

thedisadvantages.Mostofthemessagesarcdesignedeithertoinformorentertainand

neitherofthesegoalscanbeconsideredriskyorharmful.Ifconsumersofthemedia

couldbetaughtatanearlyagetoexaminemessagescriticallyi.e.,tothinkcarefully

aboutwhatisbeingcommunicated—theywouldbeabletotakeadvantageofthe

informationandenjoytheentertainmentwithoutbeinghurtbyit.Thekeytocritical

thinkingisrecognizingthemotivesofthenewsitemorwriters,theadvertisers,andsoon.

Arebothsidesof(heissuebeingpresented?Haveenoughfacisabouttheproductbeing

advertisedbeenpresented?Furthermore,citizensneedtheopportunitytohearnews,

opinions,andpublicaffairs.Informationaboutcurrenteventsispresentedindepthon

publiclyfundedTVchannelsandradiostationsaswellasinnewspapers.Inaddition,the

publicbroadcastingmediacanhelpviewersandlistenerstocompletetheireducation.

Recentimmigrants,forexample,canimprovetheircommandofEnglishthroughTVand

radio,andinaddition,somecollegecoursesaretaughtoneducationaltelevision.Another

recognizedadvantageofthemediaisthatitgivespeopleinformationtheyneedfortheir

dailylives:weatherandtrafficreportsarcgoodexamples.Whilecommercialsand

advertisingdonotnecessarilypresentaccurateinformation,theydomakepeopleaware

oftheavailabilityofproductsthatcouldimprovetheirlives.Inaddition,theycreatea

largerdemandforsomeitems,whichmayleadtoafallintheirprice.Whilethemedia

canbeavaluablemeansofeducatingthepublic,whenmostpeopletumontheTVsetor

(heradio,theywanttobeentertained.Asaresult,mostprogrammingconsistsofmovies,

plays,music,humorousshows,gameshows,andsportsevents.Someoftheseofferings

areoflowquality,butontheotherhand,manyarefuntowatchandinterestinglywritten

andwellpresented.Eventhoughthemassmediacanbemisused,mostofitseffectsare

positive.Weareallinfluencedbytelevision,andradioaswellasmovies,magazinesand

newspapers.Ifwearecarefultoexaminetheirmessagecriticallytheycanallbeof

benefittoourlives.

1、Whatisthemainpointoftheauthor?

A^Advertisingisharmfulwhenitpresentsinaccurateinfonration.

B、Thepositiveeffectsofthemassmediaaremore由anthenegativeones.

C、Peopleshouldlearntotakeadvantageofthemedia'sbenefits.

D^Televisionismoreusefulasameansofentertainmentthanasameansofproviding

information.

标准答窠：B

知识点解析：主旨题。本题考查文章主旨，可从首尾段找出文章中心句，再结合各

段中心句进行验证。结合第一段倒数第二句【hebenefitsofthemediaarefarmore

thanthedisadvantages（但媒体的好处远远大于坏处）和最后一段第一句Even

thoughthemassmediacanbemisused,mostofitseffectsarepositive（尽管大众传媒

可能被滥用，但它的大多数影响是积极的）可知，B项“大众传媒的枳极作用大于

消极作用”是对全文的概括总结。故本题选B。

2、Accordingtotheauthor,thetwomainpurposesofmassmediaareto.

A^controlourthinkingandgetus（obuyuselessproducts

B、providepeoplewithinformationandentertainment

C、makepeopleawareoftheavailabilityofproductsandcreatealargedemandforsome

items

D、expresstheviewsofthepublicandhelpimproverecentimmigrants5English

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推断题。根据题干关键词twomainpurposesofmassmedia定位到第

一段最后一句Mostofthemessagesaredesignedeithertoinformorentertainand

neitherofthesegoalscanbeconsideredriskyorharmful（大多数信息都是为\告知或

娱乐而设计的，这些目标都不能被认为是危险的或有害的），由此可知。作者认为

大众媒体主要是为了传递信息和娱乐，另外文章第三至五段对这两个目的进行了详

细说明，B项“给人们提供信息和娱乐”是对该句的适度推断。故本题选B。

3、Theauthorfeelsthatconsumersofthemassmediashouldbetaughtatanearlyage

to.

A、bringtheirimaginationintofullplaywhenwatchingprogramsoflowquality

B、buyproductsadvertisedincommercialssothat（hedemandincreases

C、turnofftheTVsetwhenaridiculousprogramcomeson

D、thinkcriticallyaboutthemessagesbroughttothem

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词consunersofthemassmedia定位到第二段第

一句Ifconsumersofthemeciacouldbetaughtatanearlyagetoexaminemessages

critically...enjoytheentertainmentwithoutbeinghurtbyit（如果媒体的消费者在很小

的时候就披教导要批判性地审视….他们就能的够利用信息并享受娱乐而不受伤

害）。由此可知，D项”批判地思考星现^他们的信息”是对该句的概括总结。故本

题选D。

4^ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatcitizenswillbeinabetterpositiontoexpress

（heirviewsandmake（heirchoicesiftheyare

A^highlyeducatedthroughTVandradio

B、wellprotectedbythegovernment

C、highlypaidbytheiremployers

D^wellinformedbythemedia

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。根捱题于关键词citizens定位到第三段第一、二旬

Furthermore,ctizensneedtheopportunitytohearnews,opinions,andpublicafairs

InformationaboutcurrenteventsispresentedindepthonpubliclyfundedTVchannels

andradiostationsaswellasinnewspapers(此外，公民需要听取新闻、意见和公共事

务的机会。有关时事的信息在公共电视频道、广播电台以及报纸上得到深入报

道)，由此可知，只要媒体深度呈现时事，公民就能够获取新闻、观点等，进而更

好地表达他们的观点，D项”由媒体很好地告知”是对这两句的概括总结。故本题选

Do

5、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

A、Themassmediaoffersinformationneededinourdailylives.

B、Publiclyfundedbroadcastingdoesnotpresentinformationaboutcurrentwantsin

depth.

C、Informationprovidedbycommercialsandadvertisingisalwaysaccurate.

D、ManyTVandradioprogramsarenotinteresting.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推断题。此类题目无法从题干获取关键信息，可以根据选项关键词回

文定位后判断正误。根据A项关键词dailylives定位到第四段第一句Another

recognizedadvantageofthemediaisthatitgivespeopleinformationtheyneedfortheir

dailylives(媒体的另一个公认的优势是，它为人们提供日常生活所需的信息)，由

此可知，A项“大众媒体为我们提供日常所需的信息”是对该句的同义替换。故本题

选Ao

TheGermanbandKraftwerkunderstoodperfectlythespecialpleasuresofcross-border

traintravel.Thesparelyricstotheir1977classicTrans-EuropeExpress(TEE)celebrated

(heexcitementthatcomeswithbeingstylishlyonthemove:"LeaveParisinthemorning

withT-E-E.InViennawesitinalate-nightcafe.StraightconnectionT-E-E."Cool,sleek

and,initsday,immenselymodern,theTransEuropeExpressstoppedrunningin1995.

Scoresofotherinternationalraillinkshavegonethesameway,pricedoutofthemarket

bylow-costairtravel.Rock-bottomshort-haulairfareshaveturnedcontinentalrailtravel

intoaneccentricandexpensivepleasureforromanticswithdeeppockets.However,a

routebacktotheglorydaysmayhaveopenedup.TheEuropeancommissionhas

declared2021theEuropeanYearofRail,hopingtrainscanhelptheEUachievecarbon

neutrality.ArevivaloftheTEE—whichinitsheydayconnected130Europeancities——is

beingproposedaspartofawideraspirationtoraisethenumberofEuropeanstravelling

hytrain.Theenvironmentalargumentforgettingmorepeopleintotrainsis

unanswerable.Beforethepandemicdestroyeddemand,manypeoplefleweveryday

betweenParisandBerlin.Eachflightproducessixtimesthecarbonemissionsofan

equivalenttrainjourney.Suchtravelhabitsareunsustainable.Fortunately,thisseemsto

hebecomingamainstreamview：almostthree-quartersoftravellersplannedtousetrains

moreforshort-haultravelin(hefuture.Butifgoodintentionsaretoturnintoreal

outcomes,theEUandnationalgovernmentsmustprovidemeaningfulsubsidiesand

incentivestoencourageamorejoined-upandaffordablepan-Europeanrailnetwork.

Manymoredirectroutesarcrequired,alongwithasimplifiedsystemthatmakesbuyinga

trainticketfromLondontoBarcelonaasstraightforwardastravellingbyRyanair.If

prohibitivedisparitiesinpricecanbeovercome,thepublicappetiteappearstobethere.

InBritain,withtherightlevelofambitionandimagination,nighttrainstoEuropean

destinationscouldbecomeagenuinealternativetoflying.TheTEE,launchedin1957,

wasanelitemodeoftransport,offeringafirst-class-onlyservice.Ils21st-century

equivalents,iftheyaretohelpshapeagreenerfuture,willneedtobemoreaccessibleand

alittlelesschic.Butthecontemplativepleasuresofcruisingthroughtownsand

landscapesneverseenbefore,whilesippingaglassofwine,ordrinkingabeer,should

notbethepreserveofthewellheeled.Europe'sYearofRailisamoveintheright

direction.Thetasknowis（oshapethemarkettogetpeopleonboard.

6、ThesparelyricsinParagraph1arcmentionedtoshow.

A、theluxuryandcomfortofexpresstrains

B、thejoyoftravellingaroundEuropebyrail

C、people'sstronginterestinjourneystoParis

D、people'sgreatneedforcross-bordertravels

标准答案：B

知识点解析：例证题。根捱题干关键词ThesparelyricsinParagraph1定位到第一段

第二句（论据），再找到前面的第一句（论点）：TheGermanbandKraftwerkunderstood

perfectlythespecialpleasuresofcos-bordertraintravel（德国发电站乐队非常清楚跨境

火车旅行的特殊乐趣）。B项“坐火车周游欧洲的乐趣”是对所要例证的第一旬中the

specialpleasuresofcross-bordertrain（ravel的同义替换。故木题选B。

7、Whichof（hefollowingcouldexplaintheterminationoftheTransEuropeExpress?

A、Thefiercecompetitionamonginternationalraillinks.

B、Thefinancialdifficultiescausedbymarketfluctuations.

C>Theoverwhelmingpriceadvantagesofairlineflights.

D、Thereducedmanagementefficiencyofrailoperators.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词（heterminationoftheTransEuropeExpress

定位到第二段第一句，该句无法解题，霄结合下文。由第二句Scoresofother

internationalraillinkshavegonethesameway,pricedoutofthemarketbylow-costair

travel可知，许多国际铁路线路也有相同的遭遇，即因票价过高而被康航挤出了市

场。C项“航空公司航班压倒性的价格优势”是对第二句中pricedoutofthemarketby

lowcostairtravel的适度推断。故本题选Co

8、TheEuropeancommissionbelievesthatafterbeingrevived,theTransEurope

Expressmay.

A^connectmoreEuropeancities

B、contributetocarbonneutrality

C、generateconsiderableprofits

D^relieveairtrafficcongestion

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词TheEuropeancoir.mission.Afterbeing

revived和theTransEuropeExpress定位到第三段第二、三句，结合第二、三旬指出

TheEuropeancommissionhasdeclared2021theEuropeanYearofRail....Arevivalof

theTEE...isbeingproposedaspartofawideraspiration...欧盟委员会宣布2021年为

“欧洲铁路年”，希望火车能帮助欧盟实现"碳中和''…当前重新运营该快车的提议是

“增加欧洲乘火车出行的人数”这一更广泛愿望的一部分），即欧盟委员会提议重新

运营环欧快车，希望火车能帮助欧盟实现“碳中和”。B项“有助于碳中和”是对第

二、三句的概括总结。故木题选B。

9、AccordingtoParagraph5,morepeoplewillusethepan-Europeanrailnetwork

if.

A、therearemorenighttrainstoEuropeancities

B、therearefastroutesfromLondontoBarcelona

C、thefaregapbetweentrainsandflightscloses

D^theaveragespeedofintercitytrainsincreases

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题干关键词Paragraph5和ihepan-Europeanrailnetwork

定位到第五段第一句，该句无法解题，需结合下文。第三句指出Ifprohibitive

disparitiesinpricecanbeovercome,thepublicappetiteappearstobethere（如果能解

决令人望面却步的价格差异问题，公众对于乘火车出行似乎是感兴趣的），结合前

文第二段第二、三旬可知，本段第三句中的prohibitivedisparitiesinprice（令人望而

却步的价格差异）指的是火主票价和飞机票价之间的巨大差异。C项“火车和航班之

间的票价差距缩小''是对第三句的同义替换。故本题选C。

10、Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?

A、TransEuropeExpress:TimetoRestart

B、CarbonNeutrality:AnUnrealisticTarget

C>Low-costFlights:RivalstoRailways

D^StylishExpress:thePreserveofElites

标准答案：A

知识点解析：主旨题。文章首段以歌词引入本文讨论的对象“环欧快车”；第二段介

绍历史上环欧快车停运的原因：第三段指出欧盟委员会当前为实现碳中和目标，计

划重新运营环欧快车；第三段阐述重新运营环欧快车的环保理由；第五段作者针对

欧盟和各国政府今后仍需采取的措施提出建议；第六段总结全文，表明作者对重新

运营环欧快车这一举措持支持态度，同时再次点出政府仍需努力的方向。纵观全

文，本文主要围绕着“重新运营环欧快车”这一举措展开论述。作者在表明支持态度

的同时，提出了相应的建议。A项“环欧快车：是时候重启了”是对文章主旨的高度

概括。故本题选A。

Therearegenerationaldifferencesinattitudeswhenitconiestoworkingfromhome.For

olderMillennialwhoare10or15yearsintotheircareers,withkidsandahouseanhour

awayfromtheoffice,losingthecommutemaybeahugerelief,andcompaniesthatoffer

themthatarrangementarcinhotdemand.Thesamegoesperhapsfortheboomerswho

areapproachingretirementar.dwanttodotheirworkwithouthavingtodealwithoffice

politics.Youngerworkers,though,aremorelikelytowantmentoringandthechanceto

hangoutwiththeirpeers,sojobsthatdoofferthatoptionmayseemlessattractive.A

studyreleasedbyMicrosoftinMarchbearsouttheideathatv/orkingfromhomeismore

difficultforGenerationZ(thosebornsince1997)thanforothergenerations.After

surveying31,000workers,thecompanyfoundthatalthoughGenZworkerswereslightly

morelikelytoapplyforajobwithsomeremoteoptions,ratherthanonethatwas

completelyofficebased,asagrouptheyhadmanymisgivingsaboutworkingfromhome.

Manyweremorestressedthanolderpeersandsaidtheyfeltisolatedworkingalone.They

oftenlackedthespaceormoneytocreategoodworkspacesforremotework.Asagroup,

theyhaddifficultyfeelingengagedorexcitedaboutworkandfounditdifficulttogetina

wordduringmeetingsorbringnewideastothetable.Thatyoungerworkersfeelmore

burntoutanddisengagedaboutworkthantheiroldercolleaguesdoesnotbodewellfor

thepostpandemicworkforce.Attheveryleast,itsuggestscompaniesneedtobepro­

activeinputtinginplacepoliciesthatallowworkerstonetworkcontinually,evenif

virtually,andmeetinpersonfromtimetotime.Organizationsthatcannotfigureouthow

toengageworkersriskhavingapoolofyoungemployeeswhoseproductivityislower

thanexpectedandwhoperhapswillcarrynegativeattitudeswiththemastheyadvance.

Theotherpossibility,ofcourse,isthatunhappyandisolatedyoungworkerswillleave

companiesthatdonotofferthatin-personinteraction.Itisanissueinmanycountries,

withBritain'sChancellorof(heExchequerrecentlywarningcompaniesthere(hatyoung

peoplewill"votewiththeirfeet"andquitthoseorganizationsthatdonotofferthemthe

chancetoworkalongsidemoreexperiencedcolleagues.Andit'sanissuethatwill

becomeincreasinglyimportantastheeconomyheatsupafterthepandemic.InalL

balancinggenerationalneedshighlightswhatacrucialtimethisisfororganiz<itions

craftinghuman-resourcesplansforthepostpandemicfuture.Thepandemichas

demonstratedthatworkcangetdoneinmanyways,butitwouldclearlybefoolhardyto

thinkthatarrangementspatchedtogetherduringatimeofcrisiscancontinuewithout

adjustmentsforever.

11、Whoaremoreunlikelytowelcomeworkingfromhome?

A、Youngerworkersinneedofmentoring.

B、Youngerworkersafraidofofficepolitics.

C、Olderworkerswithchild-careresponsibility.

D^Olderworkersapproachingretirement.

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词workingfromhome定位到第一段第一句，

该句无法解题，需结合下文。由第四句Youngerworkers,though,arcmorelikely

towantmenloringand(hechancetohangoutwiththeirpeers,sojobsthatdoofferthat

optionmayseemlessattractive可知，年轻员工由于想要获得工作指导并跟同龄人相

处而更喜欢在公司办公，即他们更不可能接受在家办公。A项”需要受指导的年轻

员工”是对第四句的同义替换。故本题选A。

12AccordingtoMicrosoft'sstudy,GenZworkers.

A^refusecompletelyoffice-basedjobs

B、feelmoreanxiousaboutworkingfromhome

C、areindifferenttotheirolderpeers

D、areafraidofpublicspeaking

标准答案：B、

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题干关键词Microsoft、study和GenZworkers定位到

第二段第一句，该句无法解题，需结合下文。由第三句中的Manyweremore

s【ressedthanolderpeers可知，Z世代对在家办公感到更加焦虑，真中Many指代前

文中的GenZworkersoB项“对在家办公感到更加焦虑”是对第三句中的more

stressed的同义替换。故本期选B。

13、Toengageyoungworkers,companiesneedto.

A^introduceemployeerewardpolicies

B、facilitateinteractionsamongworkers

C^providenecessaryvirtualinstruction

D、createpositiveworkingatmosphere

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词youngworkers>companies和needto定位

到第三段第二句，由第二句中的companiesneedtobepro-activcinputtinginplace

policiesllialallowwoikcisloiiclwoikuoiilinually»evenifviitually,andmeetin

personfromtimetotime可知，公司需要促进员工之间的交流沟通。B项“促进员工

间的互动交流是对第二句卜的allowworkerstonetworkcontinually的同义替换。

故本题选Bo

14、Companiesthatdonotprovideface-to-faceworkoptionsmay.

A^demandmoreexperiencedworkers

B、facefinancialcrisisafterthepandemic

C、bevotedastheworstemployers

D、risklosingtheiryoungerworkers

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词Companies、provide和face-to-face定位到

第四段第一句，由第一句中的unhappyandisolatedyoungworkerswillleave

companiesthatdonotofferthatin-personinteraction可知，笫轻员工会离开那些不提

供面对面交流机会的公司。D项“有失去年轻员工的风险”是对第一句的同义替换。

故本题选D。

15、Theauthorsuggestsinthelastparagraphthatorganizationsshould.

A^adjustarrangementsduringthepandemic

B、abandontheworking-from-homepaltern

C、deviseemergencyplansforfuturecrises

D、distributeworkloadsmorereasonably

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词lastparagraph和organizations定位到第五段

第一句，该句无法解题，需结合下文。由第五段第二句中的butitwouldclearlybe

foolhardytothinkthatarrangementspatchedtogetherduringatimeofcrisiscancontinue

withoutadjustmentsforever可知，作者认为一直沿用危机付期草草拼凑而成的安排

而不作调整是愚蠢的，由此可推知，作者认为应该对疫情期间的安排作出适当调

整。A项“调整疫情期间的安排”是对第二句的适度推断。故本题选A。

Havingsurvivedthepandemicfarbetterthanwasexpected,Britain'shousingmarketis

enjoyingaspringtimeboom.Demandforhomesissurgingtolevelsnotseenforatleasta

decade,outstrippingsupplyandpushingupprices.Earlierthismonthitwasreportedthat

theaveragecostofaUKhomenowstandsatarecordhighof£254,606.Mindfulofthe

roleofincreasinghousepricesinboostingconsumerconfidenceanddrivinggrowth,the

Chancellorof(heExchequerRishiSunakisbusilystokingihefires.Anewversionof

helptobuy,targetedatfirst-timebuyers,wasintroducedthismonth.Agovernment-

backedmortgageguaranteeschemewillbelaunchedonMonday,protectinglenderswho

offer95%mortgagesonpropertiesvaluedupto£600.000.This,PrimeMinisterBoris

Johnsonhasclaimed,willhelpturn"generationrent"into"generationbuy".Noone

wouldenvythosepreviouslyexcludedfromthepropertyladderthechanceofalegup.

Buttheemphasisonsubsidisingdemandratherthanincreasingsupplyislikelytodrive

pricesupstillfurther,withdevelopersandtheasset-richthechiefbeneficiaries.The

housingandhomelessnesscharityShelterestimatesthattheaveragefirst-timebuyerin

England,witha5%deposit,needsanincomeof£59,300.Themajorityofrenters—

makingupaboutathirdofthepopulation-earnnowherenearthatamount.Accordingto

theNationalHousingFederation,over8millionpeopleinEnglandliveinunsuitable,

unaffordableorunsafehomes,and(hewaitinglistforpeopleinneedofanaffordable

placetolivehasreached1.1million.Yetthegovernment'srigh(-to-buyschemecontinues

(oeatintothestockofcheapandsecurepublichousing,eliminatinggoodoptionsfbr(he

poor.ArecentreviewbytheCharteredInstituteofHousing(CIH)found(hat280,000

social-renthomesweresold,convertedtohigherrentsordemolishedbetween2012and

2020.Only70.000werebuiltoverthesameperiod.Adecenthome,alongwithfood,is

themostintimateandfundamentalofourneeds.TheAddisonActof1919enshrinedin

lawtheresponsibilityofnationalandlocalgovernmenttoprovideone.Butthemodem

housingmarkethasbecomeaninequitablemessthatdeepensanunjustsocialdivide.

Thosewithoutpropertyhavebeenleftbehind,theirinterestsneglected.Inareport

publishedlastyear,MPsonthehousingandcommunitiescommitteecalledfbr90,000

morehomestohebuiltannuallyforsocialrentoverthenextfiveyears.Just7,000were

builtin2019.Closingthisgap,ratherthanfuellinganewhousepricebubble,shouldhe

(hegovernment'seconomicandmoralpriority.

16、ThedemandforhomesofpeopleintheUKnow.

A、reachesarecordhigh

B、issmallerthansupply

C、soarsasexpected

D、drivesuphouseprices

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词demandforhomes定位到第一段第二句，由

第二句中Demandforhomes...,outstrippingsupplyandpushingupprices可知，房屋

的供不应求推动了房价的上涨。D项“推动房价上涨”是对第二句中pushingup

prices的同义替换。故本题选D。

17>Bysaying"RishiSunakisbusilystokingthefires"(Line3,Para.2),theauthor

meansthattheUKgovernmentistryingto.

A、boostdemandforproperty

B、makerealestatethetoppriority

C、simplifythehousebuyingprocess

D、keeppropertyvaluesstable

标准答案：A

知识点解析：词义句意题。根据题干关键词RishiSunakisbusilystokingthefire定

位到第二段第一句。由第一句可知，政府意识到房价上•涨带来的好处后，正在积极

采取相应措施。第二、三句具体阐释措施的内容，由第Z-句中的helptobuy、第三

句中的mortgageguaranteescheme、protectinglenderswhooffer95%mortgageson

properties以及总结句第四句中的helpturn^generationrenf,into"generationbuy”可

推知，政府采取政策是为了刺激购房需求，A项“刺激对房产的需求”是对原文的概

括总结。故本题选A。

18、AccordingtoParagraph3.theauthorthinkstheabovementionedmeasureswill

mostbenefit.

A、peoplelivinginunsafehouses

B、first-limebuyerswithmodestincome

C、rentersinurgentneedofbuyinghouses

D、propertydevelopersand(heasset-rich

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词Paragraph3和mostbenefit定位到第三段第

二句，题干中的moslbenefit对应原文中的ihechiefbeneficiaries。由第二句中的

Buttheemphasison...,withdevelopersandtheasset-richthechiefbeneficiaries可

知，前文提到的政府举措可能会进一步推高价格，让开发商和资产雄厚的人成为

要受益者。D项“房产开发商和资产雄厚的人”是对第二句中developersandthe

asset-rich的原词更现。故本题选D。

19>Theauthorholdsthatthegovernment'sright-to-buyplanhas

A^helpedmanygetonthehousingladder

B、resultedinthereductionofsocialhousing

C、cutthewaitinglistforaffordablehomes

D、hinderedtheconstructionofsocial-renthomes

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词right-to.buyplan定位到第四段第二句，由

该句Yetthegovernment'sright-to-buyschemecontinuestoeatintothestockofcheap

andsecurepublichousing,eliminatinggoodoptionsforthepoor可知，政府的购买权

计划消耗了价格低廉且安全的公共住房存量。B项“导致社会住房的减少”是对第二

句的适度推断。故本题选B。

20、Themostsuitabletitleforthistextwouldbe.

A^TheConstructionofPublicHousingShouldBeanUrgentMatter

B、TheUKGovernmentIsMakingHousingMarketWorse

C、DemandforHomesintheUKShouldBeFurtherBoosted

D、GenerationRentWillTurninto"GenerationBuy"Soon

标准答案：B

知识点解析；主旨大意题。文章首段介绍背景“疫情后的英国房产市场火爆，房价

上涨”；第二段指出政府积极采取财政举措刺激人们购房；第三至四段分析政府做

法带来的种种不良影响；第五段给出作者的评价，并提出建议。纵观全文，本文主

要论述英国政府的做法给房产市场带来的不利影响，B项“英国政府正在让房产市

场变得更糟”是对文章内容的概括总结。故本题选B。

"Wewillgreatlymissseeingourshareholders,"lamentedWarrenBuffettaheadof

BerkshireHathaway'sannualgeneralmeeting(AGM)onMay2nd.Thousandsofhis

devotedshareholderswouldrormallyhaveflockedtoNebraskaforthelargeparty.Not

thisyear.Becauseofthepandemictheenterprisegrouphasmovedthegatheringonline.

The2020editionof"Woodstockforcapitalists",asMrBuffettcallsit,mayturnouttobe

a"woodenexperience",saysCharlesElsonoftheUniversityofDelaware.Online

meetingshavetheirvirtues.ManyAGMsarcsparselyattendedbecausefar-flung

shareholders,whocouldeasilyjoinavirtualone,cannotmakeittoaphysicalvenue.

Theyarcalsocheaper,greenerandlesstime-consumingthantraditionalmeetingsonce

travelisaccountedfor.FirmsmaycitesuchthingsasreasonstostickwithvirtualAGMs

afterthecrisis.Thatwouldbeunfortunate,fortheapparenthigh-mindednessmayconceal

amoreself-servingreasonwhybossesprefervirtualAGMs:(heycantiltproceedingsin

favourofmanagement.Itiseasytoseehowonlinemeetingscoulddampenshareholder

opposition.Inaroomfullofpeopleyoucantakethepulseofthecrowd.Thoseonthe

fenceaboutaresolutionmaybeswayedtojoinarebellioniftheysenseseething

frustrationinothers.FrancescaOdellandHelenaGrannisofClearyGottleib,alawfirm,

pointoutthatinonlinemeetings"peoplecan'tseesomeoneshakingtheirfistsangrilyor

wavingtheirhands".Mostobserverssupportonlinemeetingsduringthepandemicasa

stopgap,solongastheymeethighstandardsoftransparency.InstitutionalShareholder

Services(ISS)urgesfirmstoensurethatshareholderscanstill"askquestionsofdirectors

andseniormanagementandtoengageindialogue".Buttheconsensusamongcorporate-

governancetypesisthatAGMsshouldbeheldinpersonassoonasitissafetodoso.

Othcnvise,warnsMikeMayo,ananalystatWellsFargo,post-crisisannualmeetingsrisk

becoming"emotionless,toneless,check-the-hoxexercises".Hefindsattendingthemto

beaninvaluablewaytoholdexecutivestoaccount.Incontrastwiththe"oneanddone"

question-and-answersession:ypicalofonlineforum,in-personencountersallowfora

propergrillingofbossesandboardmembers."Fordirectors,itisameet-your-makers

moment,"echoesMrElson.Themakerswouldnodoubtrathermeetinaroomthanon

Zoom.

21、WhydidCharlesElsonsaythat（he2020AGMmightbea"woodenexperience"?

A^BecausethemeetingwillbeheldinWoodstock.

B、Becausecapitalistsaremoreboringthanbefore.

C、Becausepeoplehavetoattendthemeetingonline.

D、Becausemanyshareholdersarcreluctanttoattendit.

标准答案：c.

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题干关键词"woodenexperience”定位到第一段第五句，

该句为查尔斯・埃尔森的评价，无法解题，需定位至上文。由第四句中的movedthe

gatheringonline可知，今年集会被改到了线上，因此查尔斯对2020年的Woodstock

forcapitalists（资本家的伍德斯托克音乐节，即年度股东大会）作出了wooden

experience（无趣的体验）的评价，C项、、因为人们只能在线上参加大会''是对第四句的

适度推断。故本题选C。

22、AccordingtoParagraph3,stickingwithvirtualAGMsafterthecrisisis.

A、aself-centereddecision

B、aforward-lookingchoice

C、awin-winarrangement

D^asignofscientificprogress

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题干关健词Paragraph3和stickingwithvirtualAGMs

afgIhccrisis定位到第三段第句，该句无法解题，继续查看下文。由笫二句中的

theapparenthigh-mindednessmayconcealamoreself-servingReasonwhybossesprefer

virlualAGMs可知，老板们坚持召开线上年度股东大会其实是为了自己，A项“一

个自私的决定”是对第二句的同义替换。故本题选A。

23、ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph4thatduringanonlinemeeting,

A^bossesaremorelikelytomakegoodresolutions

B、investmentdecisionsaremucheasiertoreach

C、attendeesfeelithardtosensethemoodofeachother

D、shareholderscanspeakoutfreely

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词Paragraph4和duringanonlinemeeting定位

到第四段第四句，由该句中的peoplecan'tseesomeoneshakingtheirfistsangrilyor

wavingtheirhands可知，在线上会议中与会者无法看到有人愤怒地挥拳或挥舞双

手，即不能感受到他人的情绪，C项”与会者难以感受到彼此的情绪”是对第四句的

概括总结。故本题选C。

24、According（oMikeMayo,in-personencounters.

A、couldn'tguaranteehighstandardsoftransparency

B、couldenhanceexecutives'senseofresponsibility

C、mightbelessproductivethanonlineones

D、mighthelpattendeesreachaconsensussmoothly

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题跟关键词MikeM