初中阅读理解500个核心词汇+例句

初中阅读理解500个核心词汇+例句思维、认知与沟通abstractadj.抽象的Theconceptistooabstractforyoungchildrentounderstand.这个概念太抽象，小孩子难以理解。acknowledgev.承认；感谢Sherefusedtoacknowledgehermistake.她拒绝承认自己的错误。anticipatev.预料，预期Wedidn'tanticipatesuchahugecrowd.我们没有预料到会有这么多人。assumev.假定，假设Don'tassumeeveryoneagreeswithyou.不要假设每个人都同意你。clarifyv.澄清，阐明Couldyouclarifywhatyoumeantbythat?你能澄清一下你那么说的意思吗？cognitiveadj.认知的Playingchessimprovescognitiveskills.下国际象棋能提升认知能力。comprehendv.理解，领悟Thearticlewashardtocomprehend.这篇文章很难理解。conceivev.构想，设想Heconceivedtheideaforthenovelduringatrip.他在一次旅行中构思了这本小说的想法。concludev.得出结论；结束Fromtheevidence,wecanconcludehewasinnocent.根据证据，我们可以断定他是无辜的。confirmv.确认，证实Thetestresultsconfirmedthedoctor'sdiagnosis.检查结果证实了医生的诊断。contradictv.与……矛盾，反驳Hisactionscontradicthiswords.他的行动与言语相矛盾。conveyv.传达，表达Thepaintingconveysasenseofpeace.这幅画传达出一种宁静感。convincev.说服，使确信Shetriedtoconvinceherparentstolethergo.她试图说服父母让她去。declarev.宣布，声明Thegovernmentdeclaredastateofemergency.政府宣布进入紧急状态。deducev.推断，演绎Fromtheclues,thedetectivededucedthekiller'sidentity.根据线索，侦探推断出了凶手的身份。definev.下定义；界定Howdoyoudefinesuccess?你如何定义成功？demonstratev.证明；展示Thisstudydemonstratesthebenefitsofreading.这项研究证明了阅读的好处。denyv.否认Hedeniedstealingthemoney.他否认偷了钱。detectv.察觉，发现Themachinecandetecteventinychanges.这台机器甚至能察觉到微小的变化。distinguishv.区分，辨别Canyoudistinguishbetweenthetwosounds?你能区分这两种声音吗？elaboratev.详细阐述；adj.精心制作的Couldyouelaborateonyourplan?你能详细阐述一下你的计划吗？emphasizev.强调Theteacheremphasizedtheimportanceofpractice.老师强调了练习的重要性。estimatev.估计，估算Weestimatethat500peoplewillattend.我们估计将有500人参加。exaggeratev.夸张，夸大Don'texaggeratetheproblem;it'snotthatserious.别夸大问题，没有那么严重。exclaimv.呼喊，惊叫"Whatabeautifulview!"sheexclaimed.她惊呼道："多美的景色啊！"explainv.解释Canyouexplainwhyyouwerelate?你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗？expressv.表达Hefindsithardtoexpresshisfeelings.他觉得很难表达自己的感情。graspv.抓住；理解Shequicklygraspedthemainideaofthepassage.她很快抓住了文章的主旨。hypothesisn.假说，假设Scientiststestedthehypothesiswithexperiments.科学家通过实验验证了这个假说。implyv.暗示，暗含Hissilenceseemedtoimplyagreement.他的沉默似乎暗示着同意。indicatev.表明，显示Thesignindicatesthatthemuseumistotheleft.标志表明博物馆在左边。inferv.推断，推论Fromhersmile,Iinferredshewaspleased.从她的微笑，我推断她很高兴。informv.通知，告知Pleaseinformusofanychanges.如有任何变化请通知我们。insistv.坚持认为，坚称Heinsistedhewastellingthetruth.他坚称自己说的是实话。interpretv.解释，解读；口译Howdoyouinterpretthispoem?你如何解读这首诗？logicaladj.合乎逻辑的Yourargumentisclearandlogical.你的论点清晰且合乎逻辑。mentionv.提到，说起Shementionedshemightbelate.她提到她可能会迟到。misunderstandv.误解Ithinkyoumisunderstoodmyintention.我觉得你误解了我的意图。negotiatev.谈判，协商Theymanagedtonegotiateapeaceagreement.他们设法通过谈判达成了和平协议。observev.观察；注意到Iobservedachangeinhisbehavior.我注意到他行为上的变化。perceivev.察觉，感知Sheperceivedaslightdifferenceinthesound.她察觉到声音有细微的不同。persuadev.劝说，说服Hepersuadedmetojointheteam.他说服我加入了这个团队。predictv.预言，预测Noonecanpredictthefutureexactly.没人能精确预测未来。realizev.意识到，认识到IsuddenlyrealizedIwaslost.我突然意识到自己迷路了。recallv.回忆起；召回Ican'trecallhernamerightnow.我现在想不起她的名字。recognizev.认出；承认Ididn'trecognizeyouwiththathaton.你戴着那顶帽子，我没认出你来。reflectv.反射；反思Taketimetoreflectonyourmistakes.花点时间反思你的错误。remarkv./n.评论，言论Hemadearuderemarkaboutherdress.他对她的着装说了一句粗鲁的话。revealv.揭露，透露Thereportrevealedsomeshockingfacts.这份报告揭露了一些令人震惊的事实。speculatev.推测，猜测Peoplearespeculatingaboutthecauseofthefire.人们在猜测火灾的原因。法律、规则与道德abolishv.废除，废止Manypeoplebelievethedeathpenaltyshouldbeabolished.许多人认为应该废除死刑。accusev.控告，指责Hewasaccusedofcheatingintheexam.他被指控在考试中作弊。adoptv.收养；采纳Thecoupledecidedtoadoptachild.那对夫妇决定收养一个孩子。agreementn.协议，协定Bothsidessignedapeaceagreement.双方签署了和平协议。allegationn.指控，说法Thecompanydeniedtheallegationsoffraud.该公司否认了欺诈的指控。allowv.允许Smokingisnotallowedinthisbuilding.这栋楼内不允许吸烟。arrestv.逮捕Thepolicearrestedthesuspectyesterday.警方昨天逮捕了嫌疑人。briben./v.贿赂Herefusedtotakethebribe.他拒绝收受贿赂。commitv.犯（罪）；承诺Hewassenttoprisonforcommittingaseriouscrime.他因犯有严重罪行而被送进监狱。confessv.供认，坦白Thethiefconfessedtostealingthejewels.小偷供认偷了珠宝。consciencen.良心，良知Hisconsciencewouldn'tlethimlie.他的良心不允许他说谎。consentn./v.同意，允许Childrenunder18needparentalconsenttojoin.18岁以下儿童需要父母同意才能加入。courtn.法庭Thecasewillbeheardincourtnextweek.该案将于下周在法庭审理。crimen.犯罪，罪行Thepoliceareworkinghardtoreducecrime.警方正在努力降低犯罪率。criminaln.罪犯；adj.犯罪的Thecriminalwassentencedtofiveyearsinprison.罪犯被判处五年徒刑。defendv.辩护；防御Afamouslawyeragreedtodefendhim.一位著名律师同意为他辩护。ethicaladj.道德的，伦理的Animaltestingraisesseriousethicalquestions.动物实验引发了严肃的伦理问题。evidencen.证据Thereisnoevidencethathewasatthescene.没有证据表明他在现场。forbidv.禁止，不许Herparentsforbadehertogototheparty.她父母不许她去参加聚会。fraudn.欺诈，诈骗Hewasfoundguiltyofcreditcardfraud.他被判信用卡诈骗罪。guiltn.内疚；罪行Hefeltadeepsenseofguiltaftertheaccident.事故后他深感内疚。illegaladj.非法的Itisillegaltodrivewithoutalicense.无证驾驶是非法的。innocentadj.无辜的，清白的Thecourtfoundhiminnocentofallcharges.法庭判他所有指控不成立。investigatev.调查Ateamwassenttoinvestigatetheaccident.已派出一个小组去调查事故。judgen.法官；v.判断Thejudgemadeafairdecision.法官做出了公正的裁决。jurorn.陪审员Thejurorsdiscussedthecasefortwodays.陪审员们讨论案情花了两天。justicen.公正，正义Peoplewanttoseejusticedone.人们希望看到正义得到伸张。legaladj.合法的，法律的Shetooklegalactionagainstthecompany.她对那家公司提起了法律诉讼。legislationn.法律，法规Newlegislationwasintroducedtoprotectchildren.新法规被引入以保护儿童。legitimateadj.合法的，正当的Hehasalegitimatereasonforbeinglate.他迟到有正当理由。libertyn.自由Thestatueisasymbolofliberty.这座雕像是自由的象征。licensen.执照，许可证Youneedalicensetodriveacar.你需要有驾照才能开车。moraladj.道德的Thisstoryteachesavaluablemorallesson.这个故事给人一个宝贵的道德教训。oathn.誓言，宣誓Hetookanoathtotellthetruthincourt.他在法庭上宣誓说真话。offensen.犯罪；冒犯Stealingisaseriousoffense.偷窃是严重的违法行为。penaltyn.刑罚；处罚Thepenaltyfordrunkdrivingisveryheavy.对酒后驾车的处罚很重。permitv./n.允许；许可证Youarenotpermittedtoenterthisarea.你不得进入这个区域。pledgev./n.保证，誓言Thestudentsmadeapledgetoprotecttheenvironment.学生们宣誓要保护环境。principlen.原则，准则Shestickstoherprinciplesnomatterwhat.无论如何她都坚守自己的原则。prohibitv.禁止Smokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.公共场所禁止吸烟。prosecutev.起诉，检举Thecompanywasprosecutedforbreakingthelaw.那家公司因违法被起诉。regulatev.管理，调控Therearelawsthatregulatethefishingindustry.有法律来监管渔业。releasev.释放；发布Theprisonerwasreleasedaftertenyears.囚犯十年后被释放了。restrictv.限制，约束Thenewrulerestrictstheuseofphonesinschool.新规定限制在校使用手机。righteousadj.正直的，正义的Hewasknownasarighteousandfairruler.他以正直和公正的统治者而闻名。sentencen./v.判刑，判决Thejudgesentencedhimtothreeyearsinprison.法官判处他三年监禁。testifyv.作证，证明Severalwitnessescametotestifyincourt.几位证人出庭作证。verdictn.裁定，判决Thejuryreturnedaverdictof"notguilty".陪审团作出了"无罪"的裁定。violatev.违反，侵犯Heviolatedthetermsoftheagreement.他违反了协议的条款。witnessn.目击者，证人Therewereseveralwitnessestotheaccident.那起事故有好几位目击证人。政治、权力与冲突administrationn.管理；政府Thenewadministrationintroducedmanyreforms.新政府推行了许多改革。advocatev./n.拥护，倡导；倡导者Sheisastrongadvocateoffreeeducation.她是免费教育的坚定倡导者。agendan.议程Environmentalissuesarehighonthepoliticalagenda.环境问题在政治议程上排在前面。alliancen.联盟，同盟Thetwocountriesformedamilitaryalliance.那两个国家结成了军事同盟。amendv.修改，修订Thelawwasamendedtoincludenewprotections.该法律被修订以纳入新的保护措施。assemblyn.集会，议会TheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblymeetseveryyear.联合国大会每年举行会议。ballotn.选票Voterscasttheirballotsinsecret.选民秘密投票。boycottv./n.抵制Theycalledforaboycottoftheunfairtradepractices.他们呼吁抵制不公平的贸易做法。bureaucracyn.官僚机构Gettingavisainvolveddealingwithendlessbureaucracy.获得签证要应付没完没了的官僚程序。candidaten.候选人Therearethreecandidatesrunningforpresident.有三名候选人在竞选总统。coalitionn.联合，联盟Acoalitiongovernmentwasformedaftertheelection.选举后成立了一个联合政府。congressn.国会，代表大会ThelawwaspassedbyCongresslastmonth.该法上月由国会通过。constitutionn.宪法Theconstitutionguaranteesfreedomofspeech.宪法保障言论自由。crisisn.危机Thecountryisfacingaseriouseconomiccrisis.该国正面临严重的经济危机。delegaten.代表；v.授权Manydelegatesattendedtheinternationalconference.许多代表出席了国际会议。dictatorn.独裁者Thedictatorruledthecountryforovertwentyyears.独裁者统治了那个国家二十多年。diplomatn.外交官Thediplomatworkedhardtoimproverelationsbetweenthetwonations.这位外交官努力改善两国关系。electv.选举Hewaselectedmayorofthecity.他被选为这座城市的市长。embassyn.大使馆Theyrushedtotheembassyforhelp.他们赶往大使馆求助。enforcev.强制执行，实施Policearetheretoenforcethelaw.警察在那里执法。federaladj.联邦的Bothstateandfederallawsapplyhere.州法律和联邦法律在这里都适用。governv.统治，管理Thecountryisgovernedbyanelectedparliament.该国由一个经选举产生的议会治理。ideologyn.意识形态Thegroupwasdrivenbyastrongpoliticalideology.这个团体被一种强烈的政治意识形态所驱使。inauguratev.使正式就职；为……举行开幕式ThenewpresidentwillbeinauguratedinJanuary.新总统将于一月份就职。institutionn.机构，制度Marriageisanimportantinstitutioninmanysocieties.婚姻在许多社会中都是重要的制度。invasionn.入侵，侵略Theinvasionresultedinmanycasualties.入侵造成了大量伤亡。liberaladj.自由的，开明的Shehasliberalviewsoneducation.她对教育持开明的观点。lobbyv.游说Environmentalgroupsarelobbyingfortougherlaws.环保组织正在为更严格的法律进行游说。mandaten./v.授权，命令Thegovernmentwasgivenaclearmandatetomakechanges.政府被明确授权进行变革。ministern.部长，大臣Thehealthministerannouncedanewpolicy.卫生部长宣布了一项新政策。neutraladj.中立的Switzerlandremainedneutralduringbothworldwars.瑞士在两次世界大战中都保持中立。nominatev.提名，任命HewasnominatedfortheNobelPeacePrize.他被提名诺贝尔和平奖。opponentn.对手，反对者Hedefeatedhisopponentinthedebate.他在辩论中击败了对手。opposev.反对，对抗Manylocalpeopleopposedthenewairportplan.许多当地人反对新机场计划。parliamentn.议会，国会Thelawwasdebatedinparliamentforweeks.该法在议会辩论了数周。petitionn./v.请愿（书）Over500peoplesignedthepetitionagainsttheclosure.超过500人在反对关闭的请愿书上签了名。policyn.政策Theschoolhasastrictanti-bullyingpolicy.学校有严格的反欺凌政策。politiciann.政治家，政客Manypoliticianspromisedtocreatemorejobs.许多政客承诺要创造更多就业岗位。pollsn.民意调查；投票站Thepollsshowthattheelectionisveryclose.民意调查显示选举势均力敌。radicaladj.激进的，彻底的Theplancallsforradicalchangestothesystem.这个计划要求对体制进行彻底改革。reformn./v.改革Theeducationsystemneedsmajorreform.教育体制需要重大改革。regimen.政权，政体Anewregimetookpoweraftertherebellion.叛乱后一个新政权上台了。resolutionn.决议；决心TheUNpassedaresolutioncallingforpeace.联合国通过了一项要求和平的决议。revolutionaryadj.革命性的Theinternetbroughtaboutrevolutionarychanges.互联网带来了革命性的变化。sanctionn./v.制裁；批准Theinternationalcommunityimposedsanctionsonthecountry.国际社会对该国实施了制裁。senatorn.参议员Asenatorspokeoutagainsttheproposedlaw.一位参议员公开反对这项提案。sovereigntyn.主权Thecountryfoughttoprotectitssovereignty.该国为捍卫主权而战。treatyn.条约，协定ThepeacetreatywassignedinParis.和平条约在巴黎签署。tyrannyn.暴政，专制Thebookisaboutthestruggleagainsttyranny.这本书讲的是反抗暴政的斗争。vetov./n.否决Thepresidenthasthepowertovetobills.总统有权否决法案。日常生活与人际关系acquaintancen.熟人，相识的人Heisnotaclosefriend,justanacquaintance.他不是密友，只是个熟人。adolescentn./adj.青少年（的）Thebookiswrittenforadolescents.这本书是为青少年写的。affectionn.喜爱，钟爱Sheshowedgreataffectionforherlittlebrother.她对弟弟表现出极大的疼爱。annoyv.使恼怒，使生气Hisconstanthummingbegantoannoyme.他不停地哼唱开始让我恼火。apologyn.道歉Hewrotealetterofapologytohisteacher.他给老师写了一封道歉信。appointmentn.约会，预约Ihaveadentalappointmentat3o'clock.我三点有个牙科预约。appreciatev.欣赏；感激Ireallyappreciateyourhelpwiththehomework.我真的很感激你帮我做作业。argumentn.争论，争吵TheyhadanargumentaboutwhattowatchonTV.他们为看什么电视节目吵了一架。assistancen.帮助，援助Doyouneedanyassistancewiththeheavybag?你需要帮忙提这个重袋子吗？bondn./v.纽带；建立联系Campingtogetherhelpedthemformastrongbond.一起露营帮助他们建立了深厚的感情。buddyn.伙伴，好朋友Mydogismybestbuddy.我的狗是我最好的伙伴。celebrationn.庆祝，庆典ThewholetownjoinedtheNewYearcelebration.整个小镇都参加了新年庆祝活动。chatv./n.聊天，闲谈Wesatbythefireandchattedforhours.我们坐在火边聊了好几个小时。choren.家务活，日常琐事Myleastfavoritechoreiswashingdishes.我最不喜欢的家务活是洗碗。companionn.同伴，伙伴Shewasawonderfultravelingcompanion.她是个很棒的旅行伙伴。complaintn.抱怨，投诉Theshopreceivedacomplaintaboutthenoisymachine.商店收到了关于那台吵闹机器的投诉。complimentn./v.赞美，称赞Shereceivedmanycomplimentsonhernewdress.她的新裙子收到了很多赞美。compromisev./n.妥协，让步Inafriendship,yousometimesneedtocompromise.在友谊中，你有时需要妥协。congratulatev.祝贺Iwanttocongratulateyouonwinningtheprize.我想祝贺你获奖。conversationn.交谈，谈话Wehadalongconversationaboutourdreams.我们进行了一次关于梦想的长谈。cooperatev.合作Thetwoclassescooperatedtocleanthepark.两个班级合作打扫了公园。decorationn.装饰，装饰品Theyputupcolorfuldecorationsfortheparty.他们为聚会挂上了彩色的装饰物。disagreementn.分歧，意见不同Theyhadaminordisagreementabouttheplan.他们对计划有一点小分歧。embracev.拥抱；欣然接受Sheembracedhermotherwarmlyattheairport.她在机场热情地拥抱了母亲。encouragev.鼓励Myparentsalwaysencouragemetotrynewthings.我父母总是鼓励我尝试新事物。envelopen.信封Heputtheletterinawhiteenvelope.他把信放进一个白色信封里。favorn.帮助，恩惠Couldyoudomeafavorandclosethewindow?你能帮我个忙，把窗户关上吗？forgivev.原谅，宽恕It'snoteasytoforgivesomeonewholiedtoyou.要原谅欺骗过你的人并不容易。gatheringn.聚集，聚会WehaveafamilygatheringeverySpringFestival.我们每个春节都有一次家庭聚会。generationn.一代人Thisstoryhasbeentoldforgenerationaftergeneration.这个故事代代相传。gesturen.手势，姿势；表示Hemadeafriendlygesturebywavinghishand.他挥了挥手，做出友好的表示。gossipn./v.流言蜚语；说闲话Don'tbelieveeverythingyouhearingossip.别轻信你听到的一切闲话。greetingn.问候，招呼Awarmgreetingcanmakeastrangerfeelwelcome.一个热情的招呼会让陌生人感到受欢迎。householdn.一家人，家庭Allmembersofthehouseholdhelpwiththecooking.一家人都帮忙做饭。hugv./n.拥抱Thelittleboygavehisgrandmaabighug.小男孩给了奶奶一个大大的拥抱。invitationn.邀请，请柬Shereceivedaninvitationtotheschooldance.她收到了学校舞会的邀请。neighborn.邻居Ournewneighborisverykindandfriendly.我们的新邻居非常友善。offendv.冒犯，得罪Hedidn'tmeantooffendyouwithhiscomment.他的评论并非有意冒犯你。patiencen.耐心，忍耐Teachingyoungchildrenrequiresgreatpatience.教幼儿需要极大的耐心。relyv.依靠，依赖Youcanalwaysrelyonyourtruefriends.你永远可以依靠真正的朋友。respectn./v.尊敬，尊重Weshouldrespectpeoplewithdifferentopinions.我们应当尊重有不同意见的人。roommaten.室友MyroommateandIgetalongreallywell.我和室友相处得很好。secretn./adj.秘密（的）Canyoukeepasecret?你能保守秘密吗？sincereadj.真诚的，诚恳的Pleaseacceptmysincerethanks.请接受我真诚的感谢。socialadj.社会的，社交的Joiningclubscanimproveyoursocialskills.参加社团可以提高你的社交技能。supportv./n.支持，帮助Withyoursupport,IbelieveIcansucceed.有你的支持，我相信我能成功。talentn.天赋，才能Shehasanaturaltalentfordrawing.她有绘画天赋。upsetadj./v.难过；使生气Hewasveryupsetaboutlosinghiswatch.他因丢了手表而非常难过。weddingn.婚礼Mycousinisgettingmarried,andI'mgoingtothewedding.我表姐要结婚了，我要去参加婚礼。welcomev./adj.欢迎Thehostfamilymademefeelverywelcome.寄宿家庭让我感到非常受欢迎。饮食、购物与消费affordv.买得起，负担得起Atlast,hecouldaffordtobuyanewbicycle.他终于能买得起一辆新自行车了。appetizern.开胃菜Weorderedsoupandsaladasappetizers.我们要了汤和沙拉当开胃菜。bakeryn.面包店Thesmellfromthebakeryalwaysmakesmehungry.面包店飘来的香味总让我感到饿。bitteradj.苦的；痛苦的Themedicinehasaverybittertaste.这药有股很苦的味道。blandadj.清淡的，无味的ThedoctorsaidIshouldonlyeatblandfoodforawhile.医生说我这段时间只能吃清淡的食物。budgetn./v.预算Weneedtomakeaweeklybudgetforourexpenses.我们需要为每周的开支做个预算。butchern.肉贩，屠夫Mumwenttothebutchertobuysomefreshchicken.妈妈去肉铺买了些新鲜的鸡肉。cafeterian.自助餐厅，食堂Studentshavelunchintheschoolcafeteria.学生在学校食堂吃午饭。cataloguen.目录，商品目录Ibrowsedthroughtheclothescataloguefornewideas.我翻了翻服装目录找找新搭配灵感。chargev./n.收费；费用Theydidn'tchargemefortheextrabag.他们没有收我那个额外袋子的费用。chefn.主厨，厨师Thechefpreparedadeliciousthree-coursemeal.主厨准备了一顿美味的三道菜晚餐。complimentaryadj.免费的；赞美的Guestswereofferedcomplimentaryteaandbiscuits.为客人提供了免费的茶和饼干。consumern.消费者，顾客Consumerstodayhavemorechoicesthaneverbefore.如今的消费者选择比以往任何时候都多。costumen.服装，戏装KidsworescarycostumesonHalloweennight.万圣节之夜孩子们穿着吓人的服装。countern.柜台Pleasepayatthefrontcounteronyourleft.请到左手边的前台付款。couponn.优惠券Iusedacoupontoget20%offthebook.我用优惠券以八折买了这本书。cravingn.强烈的愿望，渴望Ihaveasuddencravingforicecream.我突然非常想吃冰淇淋。crunchyadj.松脆的Thebiscuitsaresweetandcrunchy.这些饼干又甜又脆。customern.顾客Theshopassistantsmiledandgreetedeverycustomer.店员微笑着问候每位顾客。delicacyn.美味佳肴，特产Thistypeofdumplingisalocaldelicacy.这种饺子是当地的美味特产。deliciousadj.美味的Thesoupyourmummadeisabsolutelydelicious.你妈妈做的汤实在太好喝了。dessertn.甜点，甜品Whatwouldyoulikefordessert,fruitorcake?你想吃什么甜点，水果还是蛋糕？dinev.进餐，用餐Weplantodineouttonighttocelebrate.我们计划今晚外出吃饭庆祝。discountn./v.折扣Allshoesareata30%discountthisweekend.本周末所有鞋类打七折。dishn.菜，碟Myfavoritedishisfriedricewitheggs.我最喜欢的一道菜是蛋炒饭。flavorn.味道，风味Thedrinkcomesinthreeflavors:orange,apple,andgrape.这种饮料有橙子、苹果和葡萄三种口味。freshadj.新鲜的Thevegetablesinthismarketlookreallyfresh.这个市场的蔬菜看上去非常新鲜。groceryn.食品杂货；杂货店Wedoourgroceryshoppingatthenearbysupermarket.我们在附近的超市采购食品杂货。ingredientn.原料，成分Themainingredientinthisdishispotatoes.这道菜的主要原料是土豆。leftoversn.剩饭剩菜Weateleftoversforlunchthenextday.第二天午餐我们吃了剩菜。menun.菜单Ilookedatthemenuanddecidedtoorderpasta.我看了看菜单，决定点意大利面。nutritiousadj.有营养的Abalancedbreakfastshouldbenutritiousandfilling.均衡的早餐应该有营养且让人饱腹。packagingn.包装Thepackagingofthisgiftisverypretty.这件礼物的包装非常漂亮。purchasev./n.购买；购买的物品Heshowedhisfriendthenewgamehehadpurchased.他向朋友展示了他新买的游戏。receiptn.收据Keepyourreceiptincaseyouneedtoreturnthejacket.保留好你的收据，以防需要退换这件夹克。recipen.食谱，烹饪法Mygrandmothergavemehersecretrecipeforcookies.我奶奶把她的秘密曲奇配方给了我。refundn./v.退款Sincethetoywasbroken,Igotafullrefund.因为玩具是坏的，我得到了全额退款。roastv./adj.烤；烤制的We'rehavingroastchickenforSundaydinner.星期天的晚餐我们吃烤鸡。salen.销售，特卖Theshopishavingabigend-of-seasonsale.这家商店正在进行季末大减价。satisfiedadj.满意的Ifeltfullandsatisfiedafterthemeal.饭后我觉得既饱又满足。snackn.小吃，零食Fruitisamuchhealthiersnackthanpotatochips.比起薯片，水果是健康得多的零食。souradj.酸的ThelemonjuicewassosourIcouldhardlydrinkit.柠檬汁太酸了，我几乎喝不下去。spicyadj.辛辣的Thisdishisalittletoospicyformytaste.这道菜对我来说有点太辣了。starvingadj.饥饿的，极饿的By7p.m.,thekidswerestarvingandreadyfordinner.到晚上7点，孩子们已经饿坏了，等着吃晚饭。steamv./n.蒸；蒸汽Iliketosteamvegetablesinsteadoffryingthem.我喜欢蒸蔬菜，而不是油炸。storen.商店；v.储存Youcanfindtheproductatanylocalhardwarestore.你能在任何当地的五金店找到这个产品。suitv.适合；n.套装Thecoatreallysuitsyou.Itlooksgreat!这件外套很适合你，好看极了！tipn.小费；提示，秘诀Weleftasmalltipforthefriendlywaiter.我们给那位友好的服务员留了一点小费。valuen.价值；v.珍惜Thisoldcoinhasgreathistoricalvalue.这枚旧硬币有很大的历史价值。wrapv.包裹，包装Couldyouhelpmewrapthispresent?你能帮我把这个礼物包起来吗？时间、空间与数量absentadj.缺席的，不在的Tomwasabsentfromschoolbecauseofacold.汤姆因感冒没来上学。accurateadj.精确的，准确的Makesureyourspellingisaccurateinthetest.考试时一定要保证拼写准确无误。annualadj.每年的，一年一度的Theschool'sannualsportsdayisheldeveryApril.学校的年度运动会在每年四月举行。approximatelyadv.大约，近似地Thereareapproximately800studentsinourschool.我们学校大约有800名学生。arean.地区，区域；面积Thechildrenarenotallowedtoplayinthisarea.孩子们不许在这个区域玩耍。briefadj.短暂的，简短的Themeetingwassurprisinglybrief,onlytenminutes.会议出奇地简短，只开了十分钟。broadadj.宽阔的，广泛的Thereisabroadriverflowingthroughthevillage.有一条宽阔的河流穿过这个村庄。calculatev.计算Hequicklycalculatedthetotalcostinhishead.他在心里迅速算出了总花费。constantadj.持续不断的，不变的Theconstantnoisefromthestreetmadeithardtosleep.街上持续不断的噪音让人很难入睡。contemporaryadj.当代的，同时代的Themuseumhasacollectionofcontemporaryart.博物馆收藏了一批当代艺术品。countv.计数；重要，有价值Everyvotecountsintheelection.选举中，每一票都算数。crowdedadj.拥挤的ThebuswassocrowdedthatIcouldhardlystand.公交车太挤了，我几乎站不住。currentadj.当前的，现在的Whatisyourcurrentaddress?你现在的住址是哪里？dailyadj./adv.每日的，日常的Readingthenewspaperispartofmydailyroutine.读报纸是我每日例行的事情之一。decreasev./n.减少，下降Thenumberofwildbirdshasdecreasedinrecentyears.近年来，野生鸟类的数量减少了。denseadj.浓密的，密集的Wegotlostinthedenseforest.我们在茂密的森林里迷了路。distantadj.遥远的，远处的Icouldhearthedistantsoundofthunder.我能听到远处传来的雷声。doublev./adj.加倍；双倍的Ourrenthasnearlydoubledinfiveyears.我们的房租在五年里几乎翻了一倍。durationn.持续时间，期间Pleaseremainseatedforthedurationoftheflight.飞行期间请一直系好安全带坐在座位上。emptyadj.空的Thefridgewascompletelyemptyaftertheparty.聚会后冰箱完全空了。enormousadj.巨大的，庞大的Thebluewhaleisanenormouscreature.蓝鲸是一种巨大的生物。entireadj.整个的，全部的Ispenttheentireafternoonreadingthisnovel.我花了整个下午读这本小说。equaladj.相等的，平等的Cutthepizzaintosixequalpieces.把披萨切成大小相等的六块。expandv.扩大，膨胀Metalsexpandwhentheygethot.金属受热会膨胀。extendv.延伸，延长Thebuilderswanttoextendthekitchenbythreemeters.建筑工人想把厨房向外延伸三米。extraadj.额外的，外加的Weneedextrachairsfortheguests.我们需要为客人准备额外的椅子。flexibleadj.灵活的，可变动的Mybossagreedtoletmehaveamoreflexibleschedule.我的老板同意给我一个更灵活的时间安排。formeradj.从前的，前者的Theformerlibrarybuildingisnowamuseum.从前的图书馆大楼现在是一个博物馆。frequentadj.频繁的，经常的Frequentexerciseisgoodforyourheart.经常运动对你心脏有益。gapn.缺口，间隔，差距Thereisahugegapbetweentherichandthepoorinthecity.城市里的贫富差距很大。gradualadj.逐渐的Therehasbeenagradualimprovementinhisgrades.他的成绩在逐步提高。heightn.高度，身高Thewallisabouttwometersinheight.这面墙大约两米高。hugeadj.巨大的Ahugetruckblockedthenarrowroad.一辆巨大的卡车堵住了狭窄的道路。immediateadj.立即的，当前的Themedicinehadanimmediateeffectonthepain.这种药对疼痛立即起了效。increasev./n.增加，增长Thecity'spopulationcontinuestoincrease.这座城市的人口持续增长。initialadj.开始的，最初的Myinitialreactionwassurprise,butthenIcalmeddown.我最初的反应是吃惊，但随后就平静了下来。instantadj.立刻的，即时的Themoviewasaninstantsuccessamongteenagers.这部电影在青少年中一炮而红。latteradj.后者的Heofferedteaorcoffee,andIchosethelatter.他给了茶和咖啡两种选择，我选了后者。maximumn./adj.最大量（的），最大限度（的）Youcancarryamaximumof20kilogramsofluggage.你最多可携带20公斤行李。minimumn./adj.最小量（的），最低限度（的）Weshouldkeepcoststoaminimum.我们应把花费控制在最低限度。narrowadj.狭窄的Wewalkeddownaquietnarrowstreetintheoldtown.我们走在老城一条安静狭窄的街道上。previousadj.先前的，上一个的Hewasmuchhappierthaninhispreviousjob.他比做上一份工作时开心多了。rapidadj.迅速的，快的Thepatientmaderapidprogressafterthetreatment.治疗后病人恢复得很快。rareadj.稀有的，罕见的Itisraretoseesnowinthissoutherncity.在这座南方城市难得见到雪。recentadj.最近的，近来的Inrecentyears,onlineshoppinghasbecomeverypopular.最近几年，网上购物变得非常流行。reducev.减少，缩小Thenewlawaimstoreduceairpollution.新法旨在减少空气污染。remoteadj.偏远的，遥远的Thesmallvillageisveryremoteandquiet.那个小村子非常偏远安静。slightadj.轻微的，少量的Thereisaslightchanceofrainthisafternoon.今天下午有很小的可能性下雨。sufficientadj.足够的，充足的Makesureyouhavesufficientwaterforthehike.一定要带足够的水去徒步。temporaryadj.临时的，暂时的Thisisjustatemporarysolution.Weneedabetterplan.这只是临时的解决办法，我们需要更好的计划。动作、变化与发展acceleratev.加速，加快Thecaracceleratedasitenteredthehighway.汽车驶入高速公路时加快了速度。accumulatev.积累，积聚Dustbegantoaccumulateontheemptyshelves.灰尘开始在空荡荡的架子上积聚。achievev.实现，达到Withhardwork,youcanachieveyourgoal.通过努力，你可以实现你的目标。adjustv.调整，适应Ittookheraweektoadjusttothenewschool.她花了一周时间才适应新学校。advancev./n.前进，进步Technologycontinuestoadvanceatarapidspeed.科技继续以飞快的速度进步。alterv.改变，改动Shehadtoalterherdressbecauseitwastoolong.她得把裙子改一改，因为太长了。arisev.出现，产生Newproblemsmayariseduringtheproject.项目进行中可能会出现新问题。avoidv.避免，避开Trytoavoideatingtoomuchsugarbeforebed.睡前尽量别吃太多糖。burstv.爆裂；突然出现Theballoonburstwithaloudpop.气球砰的一声爆了。cancelv.取消Thefootballmatchwascanceledbecauseoftheheavyrain.足球赛因为大雨取消了。ceasev.停止，终止Thefactoryceasedproductionlastyear.这家工厂去年停产了。collapsev.倒塌，崩溃Theoldbridgecollapsedduringthestorm.那座老桥在暴风雨中倒塌了。combinev.结合，联合Combinetheflourandsugarinalargebowl.把面粉和糖在大碗里混合。completev.完成；adj.完整的Shecompletedthepuzzleinjusttenminutes.她只用了十分钟就拼完了拼图。continuev.继续Theraincontinuedallnightlong.雨下了一整夜。crashv./n.碰撞；坠毁Thetwocarscrashedatthecornerofthestreet.两辆车在街角相撞了。createv.创造，创建Theartistcreatedabeautifulpaintingfrommemory.画家凭记忆创作了一幅美丽的画。damagev./n.损坏，损害Thestormdamagedmanyhousesalongthecoast.暴风雨损坏了沿海的许多房屋。destroyv.破坏，摧毁Thefiredestroyedthewholeforestinthreedays.大火在三天内烧毁了整片森林。developv.发展；培养Readinghelpsdevelopyourimagination.阅读有助于培养你的想象力。disappearv.消失Thesundisappearedbehindtheclouds.太阳消失在云层后面。discoverv.发现Scientistsdiscoveredanewspeciesinthedeepsea.科学家在深海中发现了新物种。emergev.浮现，出现Themoonemergedfrombehindthedarkclouds.月亮从乌云后面露了出来。enablev.使能够Thenewrampenableswheelchairuserstoenterthebuilding.新坡道让坐轮椅的人也能进入大楼。enhancev.增强，提高Musiccangreatlyenhancethemoodofafilm.音乐能大大增强电影的氛围。escapev./n.逃跑，逃脱Therabbitescapedfromitscageduringthenight.兔子夜里从笼子里逃了出来。evolvev.进化，逐渐演变Birdsarebelievedtohaveevolvedfromdinosaurs.鸟类据信是由恐龙进化而来的。exposev.暴露；使接触Trytoexposechildrentodifferentkindsofbooks.尽量让孩子们接触不同类型的书籍。fadev.褪色，逐渐消失Thebluejeansfadedaftermanywashes.那条蓝色牛仔裤洗了多次后褪色了。flourishv.繁荣，兴旺Theplantsflourishedinthewarmsunlight.植物在温暖的阳光下茁壮成长。flowv./n.流动Theriverflowsgentlythroughthevalley.河水缓缓流过山谷。growv.生长；增加Thevillagehasgrownintoabusytownovertheyears.多年间这个小村庄已发展成一个热闹的镇子。hastenv.加速，急忙Thedoctorhastenedtothehospitalwhenhegotthecall.接到电话后医生急忙赶往医院。improvev.改进，改善HerEnglishhasimprovedalotsincelastyear.去年以来她的英语进步了很多。launchv.发射；发起，推出Thecompanyplanstolaunchanewproductnextmonth.公司计划下个月推出一款新产品。maintainv.保持，维持Itisimportanttomaintainapositiveattitude.保持积极的态度很重要。obtainv.获得，得到Youneedpermissiontoobtainalibrarycard.你需要许可才能获得借书证。occurv.发生；出现Theaccidentoccurredlateintheevening.事故发生在深夜。pausev./n.暂停，停顿Hepausedforamomentbeforeansweringthequestion.他停顿了片刻才回答问题。progressn./v.进步，进展Thebuildersaremakinggoodprogressonthenewbridge.建筑工人在新桥的修建上进展顺利。promotev.促进；提升Exercisehelpspromotebettersleepatnight.运动有助于促进夜间更好入睡。reformv./n.改革，改良Theschoolplanstoreformitslunchprogram.学校计划改革午餐方案。removev.移开，去除Pleaseremoveyourshoesbeforeenteringtheroom.进入房间前请脱鞋。replacev.代替，替换Theoldcomputerswillbereplacedwithnewones.旧电脑将被新的替换。respondv.回答，回应Shedidn'trespondtomyemailforaweek.她一周都没有回复我的邮件。restorev.恢复；修复Theoldpaintingwascarefullyrestoredbyexperts.那幅古画由专家精心修复了。shiftv./n.转移，改变Thewindshiftedfromnorthtosouth.风向从北转向了南。strengthenv.加强，巩固Theseexerciseswillhelpstrengthenyourbackmuscles.这些锻炼有助于加强你的背部肌肉。transformv.改变，转变Thelittlegardenwastransformedintoaplayareaforkids.小花园被改造成了孩子们的游乐区。vanishv.突然消失Themagicianmadethecoinvanishinhishand.魔术师让硬币在他手中消失了。品质、状态与程度abnormaladj.不正常的，反常的Therewasanabnormalriseintemperaturelastnight.昨晚气温出现了反常的上升。absoluteadj.绝对的，完全的Ihaveabsolutetrustinmybestfriend.我对我最好的朋友绝对信任。adequateadj.足够的，适当的Makesureyougetadequatesleepbeforetheexam.考试前要保证充足的睡眠。apparentadj.明显的，显而易见的Itsoonbecameapparentthathewaslying.很快就看出来他在撒谎。appropriateadj.适当的，合适的Thismovieisnotappropriateforyoungchildren.这部电影不适合年幼的孩子看。availableadj.可获得的，有空的Arethereanyseatsavailableforthe7p.m.show?晚上七点那场还有空座位吗？awareadj.意识到的，知道的Shewasnotawareofthedangeraroundher.她没有意识到身边的危险。capableadj.有能力的Sheisaverycapable