2026年考研英语二真题回忆版参考答案

2026年考研英语二真题回忆版参考答案一、英语知识运用（每题0.5分，共10分）Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.Manypeoplefailtoachievetheirgoalsnotbecausetheylack1.[A]time[B]ability[C]hope[D]money,butbecausetheyunderestimatethepowerofdailyhabits.Ahabitisabehaviorthathasbeenrepeatedenoughtimestobecome2.[A]optional[B]automatic[C]flexible[D]visible.Theprocessofformingonecanbebrokendownintoasimple3.[A]lecture[B]rule[C]loop[D]formula:cue,routine,andreward.Thefirststepistomakethecue4.[A]natural[B]simple[C]familiar[D]obvious.Forexample,ifyouwanttodevelopareadinghabit,placeabookonyourpilloweverymorning.Theenvironmentacts5.[A]by[B]for[C]as[D]withareminder.Second,theroutineshouldbeeasyenoughtostart.Psychologistssuggestthatanewhabitshouldtake6.[A]more[B]rather[C]other[D]lessthantwominutestoperformatthebeginning.Thislowersthebarrierandcreatesasenseof7.[A]accomplishment[B]security[C]belonging[D]freedom.Overtime,theactionbecomesless8.[A]difficult[B]deliberate[C]pleasant[D]importantandmoreautomatic.Rewardisequallyimportant.Whenthebrainrecognizesthepleasure9.[A]satisfied[B]combined[C]associated[D]replacedwithabehavior,itstrengthenstheconnection.However,manypeoplemakethemistakeofaimingtoohightoosoon.Theyexpect10.[A]instant[B]final[C]visible[D]positiveresultswithindays,andwhenprogressisslow,they11.[A]resume[B]abandon[C]intensify[D]postponetheeffort.Incontrast,thosewhofocusonsmallimprovementstendto12.[A]struggle[B]compromise[C]bargain[D]stickwiththeirplanslonger.Anothercommonobstacleisthedisruptionof13.[A]mood[B]diet[C]routine[D]sleep.Asinglemisseddaydoesnotruinahabit;whatmattersisreturningtothetrackasquicklyas14.[A]usual[B]often[C]normal[D]possible.Researchshowsthatmissingoneopportunitydoesnothavea15.[A]beneficial[B]measurable[C]harmful[D]predictableimpactonlong-termhabitformation.Therefore,neverletatemporarylapsebecomea16.[A]important[B]permanent[C]practical[D]bigexcuse.Remember,consistencyis17.[A]too[B]less[C]more[D]soimportantthanintensityinthelongrun.Evenonbusydays,a18.[A]faster[B]heavier[C]simpler[D]slowerversionofthehabitkeepstheloopalive.Thegoalisnottobeperfectbuttobe19.[A]persistent[B]wealthy[C]famous[D]quick.Withpatienceandpersistence,anyonecan20.[A]ignore[B]measure[C]prevent[D]harnessthepowerofhabits.答案：1.B2.B3.C4.D5.C6.D7.A8.B9.C10.C11.B12.D13.C14.D15.B16.B17.C18.C19.A20.D二、阅读理解（PartA每题2分，PartB每题2分，共50分）PartA（每题2分，共40分）Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.####Text1Urbangreenspaces—parks,communitygardens,andtree-linedstreets—havelongbeenvaluedfortheiraestheticappeal.Yetagrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhattheirbenefitsextendfarbeyondvisualpleasure.Contactwithnaturehasbeenlinkedtolowerlevelsofcortisol,astresshormone,andtoimprovedattentionandmood.InoneEuropeanstudy,officeworkerswhocouldseegreeneryfromtheirwindowsreportedfewerheadachesandhigherjobsatisfactionthancolleagueswhoseviewsweredominatedbyconcrete.Similarly,hospitalpatientswithaviewoftreesrecoveredfromsurgerymorequicklythanthosefacingabrickwall.Thesefindingshaveencouragedplannerstogreencities,butaccesstogreenspaceisnotevenlydistributed.Low-incomeneighborhoodsoftenhavefewerparksandtrees,adisparitysometimesreferredtoasthe"greengap."AteamofresearchersintheUnitedStatesrecentlyanalyzedsatelliteimageryandfoundthat,inmorethanhalfofthecitiesstudied,thepoorestdistrictshadsignificantlylesstreecoverthanthewealthiestones.Becausetreesabsorbheatandfilterairpollution,thegreengapmayaggravatehealthinequalities:summertemperaturesintreelessneighborhoodscanbeseveraldegreeshigher,andresidentsaremoreexposedtoairborneparticles.Inresponse,somecitieshavebegunexperimentingwithsmall-scaleinterventions—plantingraingardens,convertingvacantlotsintopocketparks,andinstallinggreenroofs.Thesemeasurescostlessthanlargeparkprojectsandcanbeimplementedquicklyonunderusedland.Initialassessmentssuggestthatevenmodestadditionsofvegetationcanlowerlocaltemperaturesandencourageresidentstospendmoretimeoutdoors,whichinturnstrengthenscommunityties.Theevidenceispersuasive,butcautionisneeded.Greenspacesarenotacure-allforurbanpovertyorpollution.Theyarebestseenasonecomponentofabroaderstrategyformakingcitieshealthierandfairer.Ifdesignedwiththeneedsoflocalresidentsinmind,theycandomorethanbeautifyaneighborhood—theycanhelprepairit.21.Theauthormentions"cortisol"inParagraph1mainlyto______.A.explainwhyofficeworkerssufferfromheadachesB.illustratethephysiologicaleffectsofcontactwithnatureC.criticizethemoderndesignofofficebuildingsD.arguethatsurgerypatientsshouldstayneartrees答案B解析作者以皮质醇这一压力激素为例，说明接触自然能带来生理层面的益处。22.The"greengap"(Paragraph2)referstothedisparityin______.A.thequalityofurbanhousingbetweendistrictsB.theamountoftreecoverbetweenrichandpoorareasC.thenumberofparksindifferentcountriesD.thefrequencyofresidents'outdooractivities答案B解析第二段明确提到低收入社区公园与树木较少，并用树木覆盖率说明这一差距。23.AccordingtoParagraph2,thelackoftreesinpoorneighborhoodsmay______.A.lowersummertemperaturesB.reduceexposuretopollutedairC.worsenhealthinequalitiesD.encouragestrongercommunityties答案C解析树木能吸热、过滤空气污染物，因此树木稀少会加剧健康不平等。24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasmall-scaleintervention?A.PlantingraingardensB.ConvertingvacantlotsintopocketparksC.BuildinglargeentertainmentcentersD.Installinggreenroofs答案C25.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardurbangreenspaces?A.HighlyskepticalB.EnthusiasticallysupportiveC.CautiouslyoptimisticD.Entirelyindifferent答案C解析作者肯定绿色空间的积极作用，但也提醒它不是万能药，态度为谨慎乐观。####Text2Cashisdisappearingfromeverydaylifefasterthanmanypeopleexpected.InSweden,mostbankbranchesnolongerhandlecash,andmanystoresrefusenotesandcoinsaltogether.SimilartrendsarevisibleinChina,wheremobilepaymentplatformsprocesstransactionsworthtrillionsofyuaneachyear.Supportersofacashlesssocietypointtoconvenience,security,andlowerhandlingcosts.Digitalpaymentsarefaster,leavearecordthathelpsreducetaxevasion,andcanbecompletedwithoutphysicalcontact—afeaturethatprovedespeciallyvaluableduringthepandemic.Yettheshiftalsocreatesproblems.Noteveryoneisequallyabletousedigitalpayments.Olderpeople,low-incomegroups,andresidentsofruralareasmaylacksmartphones,reliableinternetconnections,ortheskillsneededtonavigatebankingapps.Whencashisnolongeraccepted,thesegroupsriskbeingexcludedfromessentialservices.Moreover,digitalsystemscanfailduringpowercutsortechnicalbreakdowns,leavingconsumersunabletobuyfoodorpayfortransport.Thereisalsothequestionofprivacy.Cashallowsanonymoustransactions;digitalpayments,bycontrast,generateenormousamountsofpersonaldata.Somepeopleworrythatgovernmentsorcorporationscouldusethisdatatomonitorspendinghabits,influencebehavior,ordiscriminateagainstcertaincustomers.Thedebate,therefore,isnotmerelytechnicalbutdeeplysocialandpolitical.Thesolutionisnottoresistprogressbuttodesignthetransitioncarefully.Governmentsshouldensurethatcashremainsavailableforthosewhoneedit,whileimprovingfinancialeducationandbuildinginclusivedigitalinfrastructure.Banksandtechnologyfirmsshouldalsoaddressdataprotectionconcerns.Thegoalshouldbeasystemthatisefficientwithoutleavinganyonebehind,andconvenientwithoutsacrificingfundamentalrights.Associetiesmovetowarddigitalmoney,theymustrememberthatpaymentsystemsexisttoservepeople,nottheotherwayaround.26.TheauthormentionsSwedenandChinainParagraph1to______.A.comparetheireconomicsystemsB.illustratetherapidspreadofthecashlesstrendC.showthatmobilepaymentsoriginatedinEuropeD.criticizebanksforclosingtheirbranches答案B27.AccordingtoParagraph1,oneadvantageofdigitalpaymentsisthatthey______.A.requirenonetworkconnectionB.helptoreducetaxevasionC.arepreferredbyelderlypeopleD.protectpersonalprivacycompletely答案B解析第一段指出数字支付会留下交易记录，有助于减少逃税。28.Theword"inclusive"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.A.expensiveandexclusiveB.openandaccessibletoallC.fastandanonymousD.simpleandprofitable答案B29.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatafullycashlesssociety______.A.wouldbewelcomedbyallconsumersB.mightexcludevulnerablegroupsC.wouldcompletelyeliminateinequalityD.hasnoeffectonpersonalprivacy答案B30.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto______.A.advocatetheimmediateabolitionofcashB.describethebenefitsandrisksofthecashlesstrendC.explainthetechnicaldetailsofmobilepaymentD.persuadereaderstostopusingdigitalwallets答案B####Text3Sleepwasonceconsideredapassivestate,atimewhenthebrainsimplyshutdownuntilmorning.Researchinrecentdecadeshasoverturnedthatview.Duringsleep,especiallyduringthedeepstages,thebrainreorganizestheday'sexperiences,replayingneuralpatternsandtransferringthemfromshort-termtolong-termmemory.Withoutadequatesleep,studentswhostudyforhoursmayfindthatmuchoftheinformationfadeswithindays.Thisiswhyso-called"overnightlearning"isnotamyth:agoodnight'srestcanbeasimportantasthetimespentrevising.Scientistshavealsoidentifiedacleaningsysteminthebrainthatismostactiveatnight.Cerebrospinalfluidflowsalongthespacesbetweenbraincells,washingawaytoxicproteinsthatarelinkedtodisorderssuchasAlzheimer'sdisease.Thisdiscoveryhelpsexplainwhychronicsleepdeprivationisassociatedwithmemorydeclineandahigherriskofdementia.Italsosuggeststhatthebrainisnotrestingpassivelyduringsleep;itisperformingessentialmaintenance.Thepracticalimplicationsareconsiderable.Napping,particularlywhenlimitedto20to30minutes,canimprovealertnessandconsolidatelearning.Forstudents,burningthemidnightoilbeforeanexammayseemproductive,butitisoftencounterproductive.Insteadofstoringthematerialtheyhavestudied,asleep-deprivedbrainmaysimplydiscardit.Theevidencepointstoasimpleconclusion:sleepisnotlosttime.Itisaninvestmentinthebrain'slong-termperformance.Inaculturethatoftenequatesachievementwithsleeplesseffort,thismessageisworthremembering.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheCausesofAlzheimer'sDiseaseB.WhySleepMattersforMemoryC.HowtoStudyMoreEfficientlyD.TheHistoryofSleepResearch答案B32.AccordingtoParagraph1,"overnightlearning"refersto______.A.studyingallnightbeforeanexamB.theconsolidationofmemoryduringsleepC.ateachingmethodusedinschoolsD.theprocessofwritingnotesbeforebed答案B33.Theword"overturned"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.reinforcedB.disprovedC.overlookedD.confirmed答案B34.Whatdoesthe"cleaningsystem"inthebraindo?A.Itproducescerebrospinalfluid.B.Itremovestoxicproteinsduringsleep.C.Ittransfersmemoriestolong-termstorage.D.Itincreasesbloodflowduringtheday.答案B35.Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheideaof"burningthemidnightoilbeforeanexam"is______.A.approvingB.criticalC.neutralD.uncertain答案B解析作者认为考前熬夜复习往往适得其反，态度是否定的。####Text4Citizenscience—researchconductedwiththeactiveparticipationofordinarypeople—hasgrownfromacuriosityintoaglobalmovement.Volunteersnowtrackmigratingbirds,measuretheclarityoflocalrivers,countstars,andclassifyimagesofdistantgalaxies.Theadvantagesaresignificant.Largeamountsofdatacanbecollectedfarmorecheaplyandwidelythanbyprofessionalscientistsalone,anddirectinvolvementhelpsthepublicunderstandhowevidenceisgathered.Awell-knownexampleistheannualChristmasBirdCount,whichhasbeensupplyingornithologistswithdataformorethanacentury.However,criticsraiselegitimateconcerns.Datacollectedbyuntrainedparticipantsmaybeinconsistent,andsomevolunteersmayreportwhattheyexpecttoseeratherthanwhattheyactuallyobserve.Selectionbiasisanotherrisk:observationstendtobeconcentratedinplaceswherevolunteerslive,leavinglargeareasunder-represented.Suchproblems,ifleftunaddressed,coulddistorttheconclusionsdrawnfromthedata.Fortunately,citizenscienceprojectsarebecomingmorerigorous.Manynowprovideonlinetrainingandstandardizedprotocols,andsomeuseartificialintelligencetoverifyphotographssubmittedbyvolunteers.Inseveralprojects,expertreviewerscheckasampleoftherecords,anddoubtfulobservationsaretaggedforcloserexamination.Thesepracticesdonotguaranteeperfectdata,buttheygreatlyreduceuncertainty.Citizenscienceisunlikelytoreplaceprofessionalresearch,norshouldit.Itsrealvalueliesinopeningsciencetothewidercommunityandingeneratingquestionsthatscientistsmightotherwiseneverthinktoask.Withcarefuldesign,thepartnershipbetweenprofessionalsandthepubliccanproducebothreliableknowledgeandascientificallyinformedsociety.36.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A.arguethatcitizenscienceshouldreplaceprofessionalresearchB.discussthegrowth,risks,andrefinementofcitizenscienceC.describehowtobecomeaprofessionalscientistD.criticizevolunteersforcollectingunreliabledata答案B37.TheauthormentionstheChristmasBirdCounttoshowthat______.A.citizenscienceisarecentinventionB.volunteerscanmakelong-termcontributionstoresearchC.birdwatchingisapopularhobbyD.professionalscientistsrefusetocollectdata答案B38.WhichofthefollowingisacriticismofcitizensciencementionedinParagraph2?A.Itcoststoomuchmoney.B.Volunteersmayreportwhattheyexpecttosee.C.Itproducesnousefuldata.D.Itreliestooheavilyonartificialintelligence.答案B39.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatmeasuresarebeingtakentoimprovedataquality?A.LimitingthenumberofvolunteersB.ProvidingtrainingandusingAIverificationC.AbandoningstandardizedprotocolsD.Reducingtheuseofexpertreviewers答案B40.Theauthor'sattitudetowardcitizensciencecanbedescribedas______.A.whollynegativeB.cautiouslyaffirmativeC.completelyindifferentD.enthusiasticwithnoreservations答案B解析作者既肯定公民科学的价值，又承认数据质量等问题，态度是审慎肯定。PartB（每题2分，共10分）Directions:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextraheadingsthatyoudonotneedtouse.A.TurnoffdigitalnotificationsB.ScheduledeepworktimeC.RecognizedistractiontriggersD.RewardyourselfforcompletingtasksE.Buildadistraction-freeenvironmentF.Practicesingle-taskingG.Giveyourmindrecoverytime41.Distractiondoesnothappenbyaccident.Mostpeoplereachfortheirphonesatpredictablemoments—whenataskfeelsdifficult,whentheyfeelbored,orwhentheyareanxiousabouttheoutcome.Ifyoucanidentifythesemoments,youcanprepareforthem.Forinstance,awriterwhoknowsthatthehardestpartisstartingthefirstsentencecanplaceablankpageandapenonthedeskbeforesittingdown,reducingthechanceofescapingtosocialmedia.答案C42.Thephysicalsettingshapesbehaviormorepowerfullythanwillpower.Astudyofofficeworkersfoundthatemployeeswhofacedawalloracorridorweremoreeasilydistractedthanthosewhoworkedinaquietcubicle.Simplyturningyourdeskawayfromabusyarea,wearingnoise-cancellingheadphones,orleavingyourphoneinanotherroomcanmakefocusedworkconsiderablyeasier.答案E43.Manypeoplebelievetheyarecapableofdoingseveralthingsatonce.Yetresearchonattentionsuggeststhatthebraindoesnotreallymultitask;itswitchesrapidlybetweentasks,andeveryswitchcarriesacostintimeandaccuracy.Whenyouchecke-mailwhilewritingareport,youmayfeelbusy,butthereporttakeslongerandcontainsmoreerrors.Thealternativeistogivethecurrenttaskyourfullattentionuntilitisfinished.答案F44.Focusisalsoamatterofscheduling.Ifyouwaituntilyoufeelinspired,youmaywaitforever.Instead,blockoutaspecificperiod—say,ninetyminutesinthemorning—andtreatitasanappointmentwithyourmostimportantwork.Duringthisperiod,donotanswercallsordiscussmeetings;simplywork.Manywritersandresearchersusethismethod,andtheyoftenreportthatthebusiestpartofthedayturnsouttobethemostproductive.答案B45.Finally,rememberthatattentionisalimitedresource.Afteraperiodofintenseconcentration,thebrainneedstowander.Walking,daydreaming,orsimplylookingoutofawindowallowsthemindtoorganizeideasandrestoreitscapacityforfurtherfocus.Workerswhotakeshortbreaksduringthedayarenotbeinglazy;theyaremaintainingtheirequipment—theirownbrains.答案G三、英译汉（共15分）46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.Lifelonglearningisnolongeraluxurybutanecessityinarapidlychangingworld.Theskillsthatguaranteeemploymenttodaymaybecomeoutdatedwithinafewyears,andworkersmustconstantlyupdatetheirknowledgetoremaincompetitive.Atthesametime,learningitselfhasbecomemoreaccessiblethankstoonlinecoursesandopeneducationalresources.However,self-directedlearningrequiresdisciplineandtheabilitytoidentifyreliableinformation.Forgovernments,thechallengeistocreatesystemsthatencouragepeopleofallagestolearn,whileensuringthatthebenefitsofeducationaresharedfairlyacrosssociety.答案在快速变化的世界中，终身学习不再是一种奢侈，而是一种必要。今天能够保证就业的技能，几年后可能就会过时，劳动者必须不断更新自己的知识以保持竞争力。与此同时，得益于在线课程和开放教育资源，学习本身也变得更加容易获得。然而，自主学习需要自律以及辨别可靠信息的能力。对政府而言，挑战在于建立鼓励各年龄段人群学习的体系，同时确保教育的好处能够被全社会公平分享。四、写作（PartA共10分，PartB共15分）PartA（10分）47.Directions:Supposeyouhavejustfinishedaweek-longvolunteerteachingprograminaruralprimaryschool.Writeanemailtothelocaleducationbureauto1.expressyourthanks,and2.suggestonewaytoimprovelocalEnglishteaching.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotuseyour