国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷246

国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷246

、听力填空（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5分。）

Death(Age)1

PlaceofBirthMinnesota

Years2

ActingCareer

Place：Hollywood

Beganwith**AMilliontoOne”(Year)3

TheTitleRoleintheTelevisionSeries44SergeantPrestonofthe

1950

Yukon”(Year)

TheLastRoleintheTelevisionMovieuDon'tPush,I'llCharge

—4

WhenI'mReady”(Year)

FamilyMembersSurvivedHimwife

daughter

—5

1、

Death(Age)1

PlaceofBirthMinnesota

Years2

ActingCareer

Place：Hollywood

Beganwith**AMilliontoOne”(Year)3

1'heTitleKoleintheTelevisionSeries"SergeantPrestonolthe

1950

Yukon”(Year)

TheLastRoleintheTelevisionMovieuDon'tPush,I'llCharge

—4

WhenI'mReady”(Year)

FamilyMembersSurvivedHimwife

daughter

5

标准答案：89

知识点解析：本题考查考生刈于具体信息的听辨能力。原句为“Hewas89.应

该看清楚试题，比如这题“Death（Age）”，说明需要补充的内容肯定是一个表示年龄

的数字。

2、

标准答案：40

知识点解析：本题考查考生对于具体细节信息的听辨能力。原句为“Richard

W.Simmons,whose40-yearactingcareerinHollywood...要注意，原句中“40—

year”作为形容词修饰“actingcareer”。

3、

标准答案：1937

知识点解析：本题考查考生对于时间信息的听辨能力。原句为“…appearedina

numberoffihnsbeginningin1937with4AMilliontoOne'...

4、

标准答案：1977

知识点解析：本题考查考生对于时间信息的听辨能力。原句为“Hislastrolewasin

the1977televisionmovie'Don'tPush,PllChargeWhenFmReady.

5、

标准答案：son

知识点解析：本题考查考生对于具体信息的听辨能力。原句为“Inadditiontohis

daughterheissurvivcdbyhiswife,Billie,andason,Michael."survive”一词的

主要用法：1）幸存eg.Hesurvivedtheteiribleaccident.他幸免于这场可怕的事

故。2）比…活得久eg.Hesurvivedhiswife.他比他的妻子活得久。在本句中，

“survive”一词是第二种用法。

二、高级听力填空（本题共5题，每题分，共5

分。）

Withinnunuttiuflatthelittlernunkeyisputintoasmall”er/c”e•thefrightinitaUnit

browneyesso/tensinto

二-6I

ForDr.Cameron'spurposes,thebabymonkeycanbecomparedtoahighlyanxiousor

depressed

-7I

Howmuchpercentofadultscanbekeptfromgrowingintoaweakconditionandlifelong

problemifresearcherslearnhowthedisordertakesroot?

「「门

Theanimalscannottalkaboutfeelings.Anxiety,though,iseasytomeasureby

I厂厂

Ultimately,whatcanbesearchedforthatmayexplainpeoplesanxiety

「|-1

6、

Withinminutesafterthelittlemonkeyisputintoasmallsteelcage♦thefrightinitslittle

browneyesso/tensinto

二-6I

ForDr.Cameron'spurposes,thebabymonkeycanbecomparedtoahighlynnxiousor

depressed

-7I

Howmuchpercentofadultscanbekeptfromgrowingintoaweakconditionandlifelong

problemifresearcherslearnhowthedisordertakesroot?

「「门

Theanimalscannottalkaboutfeelings.Anxiety,though,iseasytomeasureby

I厂厂

Ultimately,whatcanbesearchedforthatmayexplainpeoplesanxiety

「|-1

标准答案：curiosity

知识点解析：考查考生对于具体细节信息的听辨能力。关键是该词的拼写，容易拼

成“curious”或“curisily”。

7、

标准答案:humanchild

知识点解析：此题考查考生对于具体信息的听辨能力。原句为“Moreimportant,for

Dr.Cameron5spurposes,thebabymonkeycanbecomparedtoahighlyanxiousor

depressedhumanchild.”既然是按照录音而容填空，版要忠实原文，光答“human”或

是“child”都是不对的。

8、

标准答案：9.5

知识点标析：本题考查考生对于具体数字信息的听辨能力。原句为.hoping

thatbylearninghowthedisordertakesroot,theycanfindwaystokeepitfromgrowing

intoaweakconditionandlifelongproblemfor9.5percentofadults."问题和原句在句

子顺序上有所不同，要注意辨析。

9、

标准答案：observingbehavior

知识点解析：本题考查考生对于具体信息的听辨能力。要注意动词的变化，是在

“by”的后面，必须把“observe"改成“observing”。

10、

标准答案:genes

知识点解析•：本题考查考生对于具体细节信息的听辨能力。原句为“And

ultimately,wecansearchfbrgenesthatmayexplainpeople'sanxiety.“关键是该词的

拼写。另外，不要忘记该词必须以复数形式出现。

三、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题L0

分，共6分。）

Howmanyfludeathsayearinthe1990's?

11、Howmanyfludeathsayearinthe1990's?

A、20,000.

B、26,000.

C、30,000.

D、36,000.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：问题是“在90年代，有多少人死于流感?”正确答案是“三万六千”，其

依据是“Therewasanaverageof36,000fludeathsayearinthe1990*sascomparedto

20,000ayearinpreviousdecades....在同一句中出现了两个数字，分别表示90

年代和80年代死于流感的人数，要注意辨析。

12、Dr.Fukudaandhiscolleaguesreportedthattheviruswasespeciallydeadlyin

peopleover

A、55

B、65

C、75

D、85

标准答案：D

知识点解析：问题是“Dr.Fukuda和他的同事报道说，病键刈于多大年纪以上的人

最为致命?”正确答案是“85岁”，其依据是“BuiDr.Fukudaandhiscolleagues

reportedthattheviruswasespeciallydeadlyinpeopleover85....”容易混淆的是“65

岁”，这是受感染最多的年龄段。

13、Accordingtothereport,whichofthefollowingsentencesis(rue?

A、Theonlymethodofpreventingthediseaseistogetfluvaccines.

B、Dr.Morenswasoptimisticabouttheimmediatefuture.

C、Asmanyas87percentofthe11,000peoplewhodiedfromR.S.V.eachyearwere

65andolder.

D、Thevaccine,whichismadefromakilledvirus,cangivepeopletheflu.

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：问题是“根据报道，以卜哪一句是正确的?”正确答案是“防止疾病的惟

一办法是注射感冒疫苗”，其依据是.getfluvaccines,theonlymethodof

preventing(hedisease.”

HowmanychickensbecometheKFCchain'sfriedmealseveryyear?

14、HowmanychickensbecometheKFCchain'sfriedmealseveryyear?

A^500million

B、600million

C、700million

D^800million

标准答案：C

知识点解析：问题是“每年肯德基连锁店的油炸食品要用多少只鸡?”止确答案是“七

亿”。其依据是“PeoplefbrtheEthicalTreatmentofAnimals,theanimalwelfare

group,beginsaglobalboycottofKFCtoseekanimprovementinthelivesanddeathsof

700millionchickenswhobecomethechain'sfriedmealseveryyear.要注意区别

“million”和“billion”。

WhichofthefollowingsuggestionshasNOTbeenraisedbytheEthicalTreatment

ofAnimals?

A、Toimprove(hedietsofhens

B、Tomovechickensintolargefarms

C、Tomakechickenssleepbeforetheyarekilled

D^Toimprovechickens,lives

标准答案：B

知识点解析：问题是“以下哪一条不是由动物保护中心提出的建议?''正确答案是“把

鸡搬到大的农场去其依据是“Thegroupplansstartacampaignpressingthechainto

changehowchickensareraisedinlargefarmsin(heUnitedStatesandaroundthe

world.注意：是“改变”鸡在大农场的饲养条件。

16>WhatisIanDuncan'sattitudetowardstheEthicalTieatmentofAnimalsnow?

A、Positive

B、Negative

C、Indifferent

D、Nospecificidea

标准答案:A

知识点解析：问题是“现在IanDuncan对动物保护中心的态度是什么?”正确答案是

“是肯定的态度”。其依据是“Icanseetheyaregettingthingsdone.“虽然"以前，Ian

Duncan是采取反对态度”，但是现在他认为动物保护中心，确实是做到了事情”。考

生要根据上下文来进行归纳和判断。

四、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

WhatdoesProfessorMorgando?

17、WhatdoesProfessorMcrgando?

A、HeisafilmdirectorofScienceFiction.

B、HeisawriterofScienceFiction.

C、Heisascientistwhoresearchesonhowtofreezeabodyandbringitbacktolife

later.

D、Heisadoctorwhotreatsterminalillnesses.

标准答案；C

知识点解析：尽管一开头就提到电影，实际上主持人是用来做个铺垫，后面才提到

Morgan的身份，所以答案是C。

18、According（oProfessorMorgan,whatenablesanimalstofreezethemselves?

A、Acertainchemicalintheirbodies.

B、Thechangeofcertaincircumstancesaroundthem.

C^Acertaintemperature.

D、Acertainseasonintheyear.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Morgan说“Ithinkit'saparticularchemicalintheanimalsbodieswhich

beginstoworkundercertaincircumstances."，据此，可以得出答案A。

19、HowlongwillProfessorMorganbeabletofreezehumanbeingsforaslongoras

shortatimeashewouldliketo?

A、Abouttenyears.

B、Abouttwoyears.

C、Abouttwentyyears.

D^Aboutthirteenyears.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Morgan提至『'perhapswithintenyearsfromnowI'llbeabletofreeze

humanbeingsforaslongorasshortatimeasIwouldliketo."，所以答案是A。

20、WhatistrueabouttheapplicationofProfessorMorgan'sresearch?

A、It.canbeusedtoprolongeveryone'slife.

B、Itcanhelpfindcuresforterminalillnesses.

C、ItcancurecancerandAids.

D、Itcanhelpfreezepeoplewithterminalillnessesandbringthembacktolifewhenthe

cureappears.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：最后问到他的研究有何实际用途，Morgan说“humanbeingswouldbe

forpeoplewithterminalillnesses,suchascertaintypesofcancer,AIDS.Wecould

freeze(hem,findacurefor(heillnessandthenbringthembacktolifeagainand

administerihccure.,'o此题单靠阅读选项选中的几率也很大。

五、完型填空(本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。)

Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:21it,ilwouldnotbe

possibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenwhoprotectus;22theworkersingovernment

officeswho23ourhealth,ourfood,ourwater,andall24thingsthatwecannotdofor

ourselves.By25oftaxation,wepayforthingsthatweneedas26asweneedsomewhere

toliveandsomethingtoeat.Inmostcountries,adirecttaxonpersons,27iscalled

incometax,exists.Itisarrangedinsuchawaythatthepoorestpeoplepay28,andthe

percentageoftaxgrowsgreaterasthetaxpayer's29grows.InEngland,forexample,the

taxonthe30pco-plcgoesupashighasninety-fivepercent!Butcountrieswithdirect

taxationnearlyalwayshave31taxationtoo.Manythingsimportedintothecountryhave

topaytaxesor"duties".32,itisthemenandwomenwhobuytheimportedthingsinthe

shopswhoreally33paytheduties,inthe34ofhigherprices.Insomecountries,too,

(hereisatax35thingssoldintheshops.Ifthemostnecessarythingsaretaxed,alotof

moneyiscollected,butthepoorpeoplesuffer36.Ifunnecessarythingslikejewelsand

furcoatsaretaxed,37isobtained,butthe(axisfairer,asthe38payit.Probablythislast

kindofindirecttax,39withadirectonincomeswhichislowforthepoorandhighfor

therich,is40arrangement.

21、

A.becauseof

B、insteadof

C、with

D、without

标准答案：D

知识之解析：本句意为“没有了它，就不可能付钱给保护我们的士兵和警察。”

"

Aso

nor

BUsnot

Aan

标准答案：B

知识点解析：nor“也不能”，本句意为“也不能支付政府办公室里的工作人员”。

23、

A、lookafter

B、sympathize

C、consider

D、see

标准答案：A

知识点解析：lookafter“照料”，本句意为“照顾我们的健康、食物和水的政府工作

人员sympathize“同情"，consider”考虑"，sec“看见”。

24、

A,other

B、others

C、theother

D、many

标准答案：A

知识点解析：allotherthings"所有其他的东西”，固定用法。

25、

A、mean

B、means

C、ameans

D、themeans

标准答案：B

知识点解析：means“途径”，bymeanso户通过“，固定用法。

26、

A^many

B、well

C、more

D、much

标准答案：D

知识点解析：asmuchas”与…一样多”，本句意为“我们为我们需要的东西付钱，就

像我们需要地方居住，需要东西来吃一样”。

27、

A、which

B、what

C、that

D、it

标准答案：A

知识点解析：空后的句子是一个非限制性定语从句，用来修饰“adirecttaxon

persons5',所以应当选which做引导词。

28、

A、alot

B、most

C、nothing

more

标准答案：C

知识点解析；从后面一句话“随着纳税人收入的增长，纳税百分比也随之增长”可以

推断出，最穷的人支付的就当最少。

29、

A、income

B、population

C、tax

D、amount

标准答案：A

知识点解析：income“收入”。这句话的意思是“随着纳税人收入的增长…”，

population"人口"，tax"税"，amount"数额"。

3。、

A^poor

B、working

C、rich

D、richest

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本句意为“富人的税率增长了95%”。

31、

A^no

B、income

C、indirect

D^direct

标准答案：C

知识点解析：indirect“间接本句意为“但是征收直接税的国家一般总是会有间接

税。”

32、

A、However

So

C>Ofcourse

D^Bychance

标准答案：C

知识点解析：ofcourse“当然”。本句意为“当然，实际上是那些购买商店里的进口

商品的人需要支付税款。"so"因此”，however“但是"，bychance“偶然”。

33、

A^haveto

B、will

C、arewillingto

D、should

标准答案：A

知识点解析：haveto"必须“，will“会"，bewillingto"愿意“，should“应当

34、

A、way

B、form

C、name

D、terms

标准答案：B

知识点解析：intheformoP•以…的形式”，木句意为“以更高价格的形式”。没有in

ihewayof的搭配，inthenameo俨以…的名义"，intermsof''在…方面

35、

A、about

B、on

C、for

D^form

标准答案：B

知识点解析：“对…的税收”，介词用。储

36、

A、least

B、highly

Cless

D、most

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本句意为“如果最为必要的东西，会征收很多钱，但是穷人将损失最

多

37、

A、lessmoney

B、moremoney

C、fewermoney

D、mostmoney

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本句意为“如果对像珠宝和皮衣一类的非必需品征税，得到的钱更少

些”。

38、

A,people

B、poor

C、rich

D、country

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本句意为“但是纳税会更公平，因为富人会支付

39、

A、including

B、along

C、dealing

D^and

标准答案：B

知识点解析：alongwith”和,与…一起”,including“包括"，dealingwith"涉及，

与…有关”，and“和

40、

A^thebest

B、theworst

C、good

D、better

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本句意为“这是最好的安排

六、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共2。题，每题1.0

分，共20分。）

Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocope

withworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsion

hasresultedinrobotics—（hescienceofconferringvarioushumancapabilitieson

machines.Andifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,

（heyhavebeguntocomeclose.Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulated

byintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewcbarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehas

removedmuchhumanlabor.Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.

Ourbankingisdoneatauiomiuedtellerterminals(hatthankuswithmechanical

politenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobo-drivers.

Andthankstothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandmicro-mechanics,thereare

alreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywith

submillimeteraccuracy—fargreaterprecisionthathighlyskilledphysicianscanachieve

withtheirhandsalone.Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,they

willhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafew

decisionsfbr(hemselves—goalsthatposearealchallenge."Whileweknowhowtotell

arobottohandleaspecificerror,"saysDaveLavery,managerofaroboticsprogramat

NASA,"wecan'tyetgivearobotenough'commonsense'toreliablyinteractwitha

dynamicworld."Indeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixed

results.Despiteuspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthat

transistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehuman

brainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesif

notcenturies.Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehumanbrain's

roughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented-andhumanperception

farmorecomplicated—thanpreviouslyimagined.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcan

recognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactory

environment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediately

disregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthe

sideofwindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.Themost

advancedcomputersystemsonEarthcan'tapproachthatkindofability,and

neuroscientistsstilldon'tknowquitehowwedoit.

41、Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin.

A、theuseofmachinestoproducesciencefiction

B、thewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingindustry

C、theinventionoftoolsfbrdifficultanddangerouswork

D^theelite'scunningtacklingofdangerousandboringwork

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。答案在第一段第一句：自从开始发明创造以来，人们一直在

设计越来越多的工具来应付危险、枯燥乏味、繁重或是令人讨厌的工作。由此可

知，［C］为正确答案。

42>Theword"gizmos"(line1,paragraph2)mostprobablymeans.

A、programs

experts

C、devices

D、creatures

标准答案：C

知识点解析：语意题。文章第一段说：人类发明了各种工具，利用各种机器为人类

服务；第二段第一句说，“结果，当今世界出现了越来越多的智能化gizmos”由此

可以推断，gizmos最有可能是机械工具一类的东西，因此，选项［C］应为正确答

案。

43、According(othetext,whatisbeyondman'sabilitynowistodesignarobotthatcan

A^fulfil)delicatetaskslikeperformingbrainsurgery

B、interactwithhumanbeingsverbally

C、havealittlecommonsense

D、respondindependentlytoachangingworld

标准答案：D一

知识点解析：细节题。答案在第三段最后一句：DaveLavery说，我们现在还没法

设计出能有足够的常识去应付一个动态世界的机器人。［D］项：独立地应付一个不

断变化的世界，符合此意。

44、Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso.

A、makeafewdecisionsforthemselves

B、dealwithsomeerrorswitlihumanintervention

C、improvefactoryenvironments

D、cultivatehumancreativity

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。还是引用第三段第二句DaveLavery的话：我们知道怎样让

机器人去应付•个具体的错误。接下来第五段第二句说：科学家己制造出的机器人

能以不到一亳米的精确度识别机器面板上的误差。可见［B］为正确答案。

45Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare

A、expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure

B、abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately

C、farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevantinformation

D、bestusedinacontrolledenvironment

标准答案：C

知识点解析：作者观点态度题。作者在最后一段第二三句开始向我们传达了这样一

个信息：机器人、人工智能，虽然能为人类做很多工作，但与人的大脑智能、感知

能力相比，还相差甚远。人类能在瞬间识别出猴子或可疑的面孔。所以，［C］机器

人就识别相关信息而言，比人脑差得多，为正确答案。

TheSupremeCourt'sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantimplications

forhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering.Althoughitruled

thatthereisnoconstitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffect

supportedthemedicalprincipleof"doubleeffect",acenturies-oldmoralprinciple

holdingthatanactionhavingtwoeffects—agoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulone

(hatisforeseen—ispermissibleif(heactorintendsonly(hegoodeffect.Doctorshave

usedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusinghighdosesofmorphinetocontrol

(erminallyillpatients'pain,even(houghincreasingdosageswilleventuallykillthe

patient.NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthat(heprinciple

willshielddoctorswho"untilnowhavevery,verystronglyinsistedthattheycouldnot

givepatientssufficientmediationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath."George

Annas,chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBostonUniversity,maintainsthat,aslongas

adoctorprescribesadrugforalegiiimaiemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothing

illegalevenifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath."It'slikesurgery,"hesays."We

don'tcallthosedeathshomicidesbecausethedoctorsdidn'tintendtokilltheirpatients,

althoughtheyriskedtheirdeath.Ifyou'reaphysician,youcanriskyourpatient'ssuicide

aslongasyoudon'tintendtheirsuicide."Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedical

communityacknowledgethattheassisted-suicidedebatehasbeenfueledinpartbythe

despairofpatientsforwhommodernmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyof

dying.Justthreeweeksbefore(heCourt'srulingonphysician-assistedsuicide,the

NationalAcademyofScience(NAS)releasedatwo-volumereport.ApproachingDeath:

ImprovingCareattheEndofLife.Itidentifiestheunder-treaimentofpainandthe

aggressiveuseof"ineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandeven

dishonortheperiodofdying"asthetwinproblemsofendoflifecare.Theprofessionis

takingstepstorequireyoungdoctorstotraininhospices,totestknowledgeofaggressive

painmanagementtherapies,todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,

andtodevelopnewstandardsforassessingandtreatingpainattheendoflife.Annas

sayslawyerscanplayakeyroleininsistingthatthesewell-meaningmedicalinitiatives

translateintobettercare."Largenumbersofphysiciansseemunconcernedwiththepain

theirpatientsarcneedlesslyandpredictablysuffering,"totheextentthatitconstitutes

"systematicpatientabuse."Hesaysmedicallicensingboards'mustmakeitclear...that

painfuldeathsarepresumptivelyonesthatareincompetentlymanagedandshouldresult

inlicensesuspension.*'

46、Fromthefirstthreeparagraphs,welearnthat.

5

ANdoctorsusedtoincreasedrugdosagestocontroltheirpatientspain

B、itisstillillegalfordoctorstohelpthedyingendtheirlives

C>theSupremeCourtstronglyopposesphysician-assistedsuicide

D、patientshavenoconstitutionalrighttocommitsuicide

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推断题。文章第一段说：最高法院对于医生协助病人自杀的裁决，对

如何使用药物来减轻病人的痛苦有着重大的意义。第二段说：尽管宪法没有赋予医

生去帮助病人自杀的权力，法院实际支持了医疗界的“双效原则第三段说：医生

们正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期(lerminallyill)病人注射吗啡提供正当的理

由，尽管增加剂量将最终致病人于死地。由此从第二段H推断，［B］项：医生们帮

助病人自杀仍是非法的，为正确答案。［A］项：医生过去常用增加剂量的方法来控

制病人的痛苦与第三段的增加吗啡剂量不符合。［C］项：最高法院强烈反对医生帮

助病人自杀，与［D］项：宪法没有赋予病人自杀的权力，都与文章内容不符。

47、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

A、Doctorswillbeheldguiltyiftheyrisktheirpatients'deatii.

B、Modernmedicinehasassistedterminallyillpatientsinpainlessrecovery.

C、TheCourtruledthathigh-dosagepain-relievingmedicationshouldbeprescribed.

D^Adoctor'smedicationisnolongerjustifiedbyhisintentions.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：是非题。文章第二段第一句说：法庭实际上(ineffect)认可了医疗界的

“双效”原则。第三段又说，医疗界正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期

(terminallyill)病人注射镇痛剂提供了正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终使病人致

死。由此可知，法庭实际上同意给病人开大剂量的止痛药。这与［C］的意思相符。

A项“如果医生冒使病人致死的危险，将被认定有罪”与文章内容不符，［B］项“现代

医学已经帮助晚期病人无痛康复”，文中未提。［D］项“医生用药再也不会因为他的

用药意图而被认为合理正当了''与文章内容不符。

48、AccordingtotheNAS'sreport,oneoftheproblemsinend-of-lifecareis.

A^prolongedmedicalprocedures

B、inadequatetreatmentofpain

C、systematicdrugabuse

D^insufficienthospitalcare

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根捱第七段：NAS的报告指出了医生临终护理存在着两个

问题：一是护理不力，二是使用无效而强制性的医疗程序。由此可知，［B］对病痛

护理不够为正确答案。

49Whichofthefollowingbestdefinestheword"aggressive"(line3,paragraph7)?

A、Bold

B、Harmful

C、Careless

D、Desperate

标准答案：A

知识点解析：语意题。aggressive意为1)咄咄逼人的,好斗的;2)攻略性的，侵略

的；3)有闯劲的，大胆的。根据上下文，aggressive应为“大胆的"。所以，A为正

确答案。

50^GeorgeAnnaswouldprobablyagree(hatdoctorsshouldbepunishedifthey.

A、managetheirpatientsincompetently

B、givepatientsmoremedicinethanneeded

C、reducedrugdosagesfortheirpatients

D、prolongtheneedlesssufferingofthepatients

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。在第八段中，Annas指出：许多医生对病人所受的不必要的

痛苦漠不关心，甚至到了“系统地虐待病人”的程度。并指出病人痛苦地死亡如果被

认为是医生护理不力的后果，那就应吊销他们的行医执照。［D］项：延长病人不必

要的痛苦为正确答案。此处［A］项：护理病人不力，是个迷惑项。因为Annas认为

吊销医牛.执照的前提是病人痛苦地死亡。

Aweathermapisanimportanttoolforgeographers.Asuccessionofthreeoffourmaps

presentsacontinuouspictureofweatherchanges.Weatherforecastsareabletodetermine

(hespeedofairmassesandfronts;todeterminewhetheranindividualpressureareais

deepeningorbecomingshallowandwhetherafromisincreasingordecreasingin

intensity.Theyarealsoabletodeterminewhetheranairmassisretainingitsoriginal

characteristicsortakingon(hoseofthesurfaceoverwhichitismoving.Thus,amost

significantfunctionofthemapistorevealasynopticpictureofconditionsinthe

atmosphereatagiventime.Allstudentsofgeographyshouldbeabletointerpreta

weathermapaccurately.Weathermapscontainanenormousamountofinformation

aboutweatherconditionsexistingatthetimeofobservationoveralargegeographical

area.Theyrevealinafewminuteswhatotherwisewouldtakehourstodescribe.The

UnitedStatesweatherBureauissuesinformationa-boutapproachingstorms,floods,

frosts,droughts,andallclimaticconditionsingeneral.Twiceamonthitissuesa30-day

"outlook"whichisaroughguidetoweatherconditionslikelytooccuroverbroadareas

oftheUnitedSlates.These30-dayoutlooksarebaseduponananalysisoftheupperair

levelswithoftensetthestagefor(hedevelopmentofairmasses,fronts,andstorms.

Considerableeffortisbeingexertedtodaytoachievemoreaccurateweatherpredictions.

Withtheuseofelectronicinstrumentsandearthsatellites,enormousgainshavetaken

placerecentlyinidentifyingandtrackingstormsoverregionswhichhavebutfew

meteorologicalstations.Extensiveexperimentsarealsoinprogressforweather

modificationstudies.Butthelimitationsofweathermodificationhaveprevented

meteorologicalresultsexceptintheseedingofsupcr-coolcd,upslopcmountainouswinds

whichhaveproducedadditionaloro-graphicalprecipitationonthewindwardsideof

mountainranges.Nevertheless,theyhaveprovidedaclearerunderstandingofthe

fundamentalsofweatherelements.

51、Onecharacteristicofweathermapsnotmentionedbytheauthorinthispassage

is.

八、windspeed

B、thermalchanges

C、fronts

D^barometricpressure

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本文在第一段第二句中列举了从气象图上可以确定的信息，其中“the

speedofairmasses”即A选项，“fronts”即C选项，“whetheranindividualpressure

area”即D选项，惟有B所包含的信息不在列举之列，所以此题的正确答案应当为

Bo

52、Thethirty-dayforecastisdeterminedbyexamining.

A^upperairlevels

B、satellitereports

C、changingfronts

dailyairmaps

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本文第二段最后一句明确指出“These30一dayoutlooksarebaseupon

ananalysisoftheupperairlevelswithoftensetthestageforthedevelopmentofair

masses,fronts,andstorms",所以本题的正确答案应当为A。

53、Theobservationofweatherconditionsbysatellitesisadvantageousbecause

it.

A^givesthescientistinformationnotobtainedreadilyotherwise

B、enablesmantoalterthev/eather

C、useselectronicinstruments

ismodern

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本文第二段第二句提到运用卫星，科学家可以对只有很少气象站的地

区的气象进行分析、判断，这与答案D意思相近，所以本题正确答案应当为D。

54、Aweathermapissynopticbecauseit.

A^summarizesagreatdealofinformation

B、canbeinterpretedaccurately

C、appearsdaily

D、showschangingfronts

标准答案：A

知识点解析:由第一段最后一句中的“thus”可推知,此句中的“synopticpictureof

conditions”是前面几句中提到的天象图各种信息作用的综合，所以A的意思最准

确。

55、Atthepresenttime,experimentsarebeingconductedin.

A、30-day"outlook"

B、controllingstorms

C、satellites

D、manipulatingweather

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文中第三段第三句说“在改造天气的研究中人们进行了许多实验“，D

项与此意相符，所以选项D为正确答案。

Realpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheysee

onTV.Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman'srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw.He

hastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeused