2025-2026年四川省苏教版八年级英语上册第十二章阅读理解专项训练习题

2025-2026年四川省苏教版八年级英语上册第十二章阅读理解专项训练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinChapter12,whatisthemainreasonwhystudentsfinditdifficulttounderstandthetopic"EnvironmentalProtection"?A.Thevocabularyistooadvancedformoststudents.B.Thetextlacksclearexamplestoillustratetheconcepts.C.Theauthorusestoomanytechnicaltermswithoutexplanations.D.Thepassageistooshortanddoesnotprovideenoughcontext.Answer:BExplanation:ThepassageinChapter12mentionsthatstudentsstrugglewithenvironmentalprotectionbecausethetext"doesnotincludeenoughreal-lifeexamplestohelpthemunderstandtheabstractideas."ThisdirectlysupportsoptionB.OptionsA,C,andDarenotexplicitlymentionedinthetextandarethereforeincorrect.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sustainable"meaninthesentence"Weneedtodevelopsustainableenergysourcestoprotecttheenvironment"?A.TemporaryB.RenewableC.ExpensiveD.DangerousAnswer:BExplanation:Thepassagedefines"sustainable"as"abletobeusedcontinuouslywithoutharmingtheenvironment,"whichalignswiththemeaningof"renewable."OptionA(temporary)contradictstheideaoflong-termenergyuse.OptionC(expensive)andoptionD(dangerous)arenotdiscussedinthetext.3.Accordingtothearticle,whydomanypeoplestilluseplasticbags?A.Theyaremoreexpensivethanpaperbags.B.Theyareeasiertocarrythanothermaterials.C.Thegovernmentdoesnotenforcethebanstrictly.D.Theyarebiodegradableandharmlesstotheenvironment.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagestatesthatplasticbagsremainpopularbecause"theyarelightweightandconvenientfordailyuse,"whichcorrespondstooptionB.Thetextdoesnotmentioncost(A),governmentenforcement(C),orbiodegradability(D).4.Whatistheauthor'sopinionaboutusingreusablebags?A.Theyareunnecessarybecauseplasticbagsarestillwidelyused.B.Theyarethebestsolutiontoreduceplasticwaste.C.Theyaretooexpensiveformostpeople.D.Theyareonlyusefulinurbanareas.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagestronglyadvocatesforreusablebags,describingthemas"themosteffectivewaytoreduceplasticpollution."ThissupportsoptionB.Thetextdoesnotsuggesttheyareunnecessary(A),tooexpensive(C),orlimitedtourbanareas(D).5.Howdoesthepassagecomparetheeffectsofplasticandpaperbags?A.Plasticbagsaremoreharmfulbecausetheytakelongertodecompose.B.Paperbagsarebetterbecausetheyaremadefromtrees.C.Bothhavethesameenvironmentalimpact.D.Neitherissuitableforlong-termuse.Answer:AExplanation:Thepassagehighlightsthatplasticbags"remainintheenvironmentforhundredsofyears,"whilepaperbagsare"biodegradablebutstillcontributetodeforestation."ThissupportsoptionA.Thetextdoesnotclaimpaperbagsarebetter(B),thatbothhavethesameimpact(C),orthatneitherissuitable(D).6.WhatisthepurposeofthepassageinChapter12?A.Toentertainreaderswithastoryaboutenvironmentalissues.B.Topersuadereaderstostopusingplasticbagsimmediately.C.Toinformreadersabouttheproblemscausedbyplasticwaste.D.Tosellreusablebagstostudents.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassagefocusesonexplainingtheenvironmentalconsequencesofplasticwaste,suchaspollutionandharmtowildlife,whichalignswithoptionC.Itisnotastory(A),asalespitch(D),oradirectcalltoaction(B).7.Accordingtothetext,whatcanindividualsdotohelptheenvironment?A.Onlyparticipateinlarge-scaleclean-upevents.B.Avoidusingsingle-useplasticsandrecycleproperly.C.Planttreesonlywhentheyareoldenoughtocontributesignificantly.D.Relyonotherstosolveenvironmentalproblems.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagesuggestssimpleactionslike"bringingreusablebagstostores"and"separatingrecyclables"aswaystomakeadifference,whichmatchesoptionB.Thetextdoesnotlimitactionstolargeevents(A),suggestwaitingtoplanttrees(C),orencouragepassivity(D).8.Whatisthemainchallengementionedinthepassageaboutrecycling?A.Recyclingfacilitiesaretooexpensivetobuild.B.Notenoughpeopleknowhowtorecycleproperly.C.Recyclingplantsarelocatedfarfrommostcities.D.Recycledmaterialsarenotvaluableenoughtojustifytheeffort.Answer:BExplanation:Thepassagenotesthat"manystudentsareunsureaboutwhichitemscanberecycled,"indicatingalackofawareness,whichcorrespondstooptionB.Thetextdoesnotmentioncosts(A),location(C),orvalue(D).9.Howdoesthepassagedescribetheroleofschoolsinenvironmentaleducation?A.Schoolsshouldfocusonlyonacademicsubjects.B.Schoolsshouldorganizefrequentclean-upactivities.C.Schoolsshouldteachstudentsaboutenvironmentalissuesandencouragesustainablehabits.D.Schoolsshouldrelyonparentstoteachchildrenaboutrecycling.Answer:CExplanation:Thepassageemphasizesthatschools"shouldincludeenvironmentaltopicsinlessonsandpromotehabitslikeusingreusablecontainers,"whichalignswithoptionC.Thetextdoesnotsuggestavoidingenvironmentaleducation(A),focusingonlyonclean-ups(B),orleavingittoparents(D).10.WhatisthebesttitleforthepassageinChapter12?A."TheFunWorldofEnvironmentalScience"B."WhyPlasticBagsAreBadfortheEarth"C."HowSchoolsCanHelpSavethePlanet"D."Recycling:AQuickGuideforStudents"Answer:BExplanation:Thepassageprimarilydiscussesthenegativeeffectsofplasticbags,makingoptionBthemostaccuratetitle.Theotheroptionsaretoobroad(A),toonarrow(D),orfocusonadifferentaspect(C).二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThepassageinChapter12explainsthatplasticbagstake______yearstodecomposeinlandfills.Answer:hundredsExplanation:Thetextstates,"plasticbagscanstayintheenvironmentforhundredsofyears,"so"hundreds"isthecorrectword.2.Accordingtothearticle,oneofthemainproblemswithplasticwasteisthatit______wildlife,suchasbirdsandfish.Answer:harmsExplanation:Thepassagementionsthatplasticwaste"causesinjuriesordeathtoanimals,"so"harms"fitsthecontext.3.Theauthorsuggeststhatusing______bagsinsteadofplasticbagsisaneffectivewaytoreducepollution.Answer:reusableExplanation:Thetextrepeatedlyrecommendsreusablebagsasasolutiontoplasticwaste.4.Inthepassage,theword"sustainable"referstosomethingthatcanbeusedwithout______theenvironment.Answer:damagingExplanation:Thedefinitionof"sustainable"inthetextis"usedcontinuouslywithoutharmingtheenvironment,"so"damaging"completesthesentence.5.Thearticlementionsthatpaperbagsarebiodegradable,buttheystill______trees.Answer:useExplanation:Thepassagenotesthatpaperbags"contributetodeforestation,"so"use"isappropriate.6.Accordingtothepassage,manypeoplecontinuetouseplasticbagsbecausetheyare______andeasytocarry.Answer:lightweightExplanation:Thetextdescribesplasticbagsas"lightweightandconvenient,"so"lightweight"fitstheblank.7.Thepassagesuggeststhatschoolscanteachstudentsaboutrecyclingby______themhowtosortwastecorrectly.Answer:showingExplanation:Thetextimpliesthatpracticalinstructions,like"showingstudentshowtoseparaterecyclables,"arehelpful.8.Oneofthesolutionstoplasticpollutionmentionedinthearticleisto______morerecyclingbinsinpublicplaces.Answer:installExplanation:Thepassagerecommends"installingmorerecyclingfacilities"toencourageproperdisposal.9.Theauthorbelievesthatindividualactions,suchas______reusablebags,canmakeabigdifference.Answer:bringingExplanation:Thetextadvises"bringingreusablebagstostores"asasimpleyetimpactfulstep.10.Thepassageconcludesbyencouragingstudentsto______aboutenvironmentalissuesandsharetheirknowledgewithothers.Answer:learnExplanation:Thetextemphasizestheimportanceof"learningaboutenvironmentalproblems"toinspirechange.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThepassageinChapter12statesthatplasticbagsarecompletelyharmlesstotheenvironment.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextexplicitlysaysplasticbags"causepollutionandharmwildlife,"sothestatementisincorrect.2.Accordingtothearticle,alltypesofpaperbagsareeco-friendlybecausetheyarebiodegradable.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagenotesthatpaperbags"stillcontributetodeforestation,"meaningtheyarenotentirelyeco-friendly.3.Theauthorofthepassagestronglysupportstheuseofreusablebagsastheonlysolutiontoplasticwaste.Answer:FalseExplanation:Whilereusablebagsarerecommended,thetextdoesnotclaimtheyaretheonlysolution.Recyclingandothermeasuresarealsomentioned.4.Thepassagesuggeststhatschoolsshouldnotteachenvironmentaltopicsbecausetheyaretoocomplexforstudents.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextarguesthatschoolsshouldincludeenvironmentaleducationintheircurriculum,sothestatementcontradictsthepassage.5.Accordingtothearticle,recyclingisnoteffectivebecausemostpeopledonotknowhowtodoitproperly.Answer:TrueExplanation:Thepassagementionsthat"manystudentsareunsureaboutrecycling,"indicatingalackofknowledge.6.Thepassageimpliesthatplasticbagsaremorepopularthanpaperbagsbecausetheyarecheaper.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextdoesnotdiscussthecostofplasticorpaperbags;itfocusesonconvenienceandenvironmentalimpact.7.Theauthorbelievesthatindividualeffortstoreduceplasticwasteareunnecessarybecausetheproblemistoobig.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassageencouragessmallactionslikeusingreusablebags,suggestingthatindividualscanmakeadifference.8.ThepassageinChapter12iswritteninahumorousstyletoentertainstudents.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextisinformativeandserious,focusingonenvironmentalissuesratherthanentertainment.9.Accordingtothearticle,recyclingplantsareonlyusefulinlargecities.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagedoesnotlimitrecyclingplantstocities;itdiscussestheirimportanceingeneral.10.Thepassageconcludesbytellingstudentstoignoreenvironmentalproblemsbecausetheyarenottheirresponsibility.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextencouragesstudentsto"learnaboutenvironmentalissues"andtakeaction,sothestatementisincorrect.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.WhatarethemainproblemscausedbyplasticwasteaccordingtothepassageinChapter12?Answer:-Pollutionoflandandwater.-Harmtowildlife,suchasbirdsandfish.-Longdecompositiontime(hundredsofyears).-Contributiontoclimatechange.Explanation:Thepassagedetailshowplasticwasteaffectsecosystems,animals,andtheenvironmentasawhole.2.Howdoesthepassagedescribethedifferencebetweenplasticandpaperbags?Answer:-Plasticbagsarelightweight,convenient,buttakehundredsofyearstodecomposeandharmwildlife.-Paperbagsarebiodegradablebutcontributetodeforestation.Explanation:Thetextcontraststheenvironmentalimpactsandusesofbothmaterials.3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestschoolscandototeachstudentsaboutrecycling?Answer:-Includeenvironmentaltopicsinlessons.-Showstudentshowtosortwastecorrectly.-Encouragesustainablehabitslikeusingreusablecontainers.Explanation:Thepassageoutlinespracticalwaysschoolscaneducatestudentsaboutrecycling.4.Whydomanypeoplestilluseplasticbagseventhoughtheyareharmfultotheenvironment?Answer:-Theyarelightweightandeasytocarry.-Manypeopleareunawareoftheenvironmentalimpact.-Alternativeslikereusablebagsarenotalwaysreadilyavailable.Explanation:Thetextexplainsthatconvenienceandlackofawarenesscontributetocontinuedplasticbaguse.5.Whatistheauthor'sopinionaboutindividualactionstoreduceplasticwaste?Answer:Theauthorbelievesthatsmallsteps,suchasusingreusablebagsandrecyclingproperly,canmakeasignificantdifference.Explanation:Thepassageemphasizesthateveryonecancontributetosolvingtheproblemthroughsimpleactions.6.Howdoesthepassagedefine"sustainable"inthecontextofenergysources?Answer:Sustainableenergysourcesarethosethatcanbeusedcontinuouslywithoutharmingtheenvironment.Explanation:Thetextusesthetermtodescriberenewableenergylikesolarorwindpower.7.WhatisthemainmessageofthepassageinChapter12?Answer:Thepassagewarnsaboutthedangersofplasticwasteandencouragesbothindividualsandschoolstotakestepstoreducepollutionthroughsustainablepractices.Explanation:Thetextbalancesexplainingtheproblemwithofferingsolutions.8.Whydoestheauthormentionrecyclingplantsinthepassage?Answer:Theauthormentionsrecyclingplantstohighlighttheimportanceofproperwastedisposalandtosuggestthatmorefacilitiescouldencouragebetterrecyclinghabits.Explanation:Thetextusesrecyclingplantsasanexampleofinfrastructurethatsupportsenvironmentalgoals.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareastudentinaclass.Theteacherasksyoutowriteashortparagraphexplainingwhyusingreusablebagsisbetterthanusingplasticbags.Answer:Reusablebagsarebetterthanplasticbagsbecausetheyaremoredurableandcanbeusedmanytimeswithoutharmingtheenvironment.Unlikeplasticbags,whichtakehundredsofyearstodecomposeandpollutetheEarth,reusablebagsaremadefrommaterialslikeclothormetalthatcanbewashedandreusedforyears.Additionally,usingreusablebagsreducestheamountofwastesenttolandfills,helpingtoprotectwildlifeandtheplanet.Bychoosingreusablebags,wecanmakeasmallbutmeaningfuldifferenceinconservingresources.Explanation:Theansweraddressestheenvironmentalbenefits,durability,andlong-termimpactofreusablebagscomparedtoplastic.2.Imagineyouareorganizingaschoolevent.Explainhowyouwouldencouragestudentstoreduceplasticwasteattheevent.Answer:Toreduceplasticwasteattheschoolevent,Iwouldfirstprovidereusablecups,plates,andutensilsinsteadofdisposableones.Iwouldalsosetupclearlylabeledrecyclingbinsforplasticbottlesandwrappers.Tofurtherencourageparticipation,Iwouldannouncearewardfortheclassthatproducestheleastwaste,suchasextrarecesstimeorasmallprize.Additionally,Iwouldremindstudentstobringtheirownwaterbottlesandcontainerstoavoidusingsingle-useplastics.Explanation:Theansweroutlinespracticalstepslikeprovidingalternatives,promotingrecycling,andincentivizingparticipation.3.Thepassagementionsthatplasticbagsarelightweightandconvenient.Howcanthisconveniencebeaddressedwhilestillreducingplasticuse?Answer:Theconvenienceofplasticbagscanbeaddressedbymakingreusablealternativesmoreaccessibleandaffordable.Forexample,storescouldofferdiscountsforcustomerswhobringtheirownbags,orschoolscoulddistributefreereusablebagstostudents.Governmentscouldalsoimposetaxesonplasticbagstodiscouragetheirusewhile补贴reusableoptions.Bymakingreusablebagseasiertoobtainanduse,peoplemaybemorelikelytoswitchfromplastic.Explanation:Theanswersuggestssolutionslikeincentives,subsidies,andpolicychangestoencouragereusablebaguse.4.Describeareal-lifeexampleofhowrecyclinghashelpedtheenvironmentorhowitcouldbeimproved.Answer:InJapan,manycitieshaveadvancedrecyclingprogramswhereresidentssortwasteintomultiplecategories,includingplastic,paper,andelectronics.Thissystemhassignificantlyreducedlandfillwasteandallowedvaluablematerialstobereused.Toimproverecyclingfurther,morecountriescouldadoptsimilarprogramsandinvestintechnologytoprocessdifficultmaterialslikemixedplastics.Additionally,educatingthepublicaboutpropersortingwouldincreaseparticipation.Explanation:Theanswerprovidesaspecificexample(Japan)andsuggestswaystoenhancerecyclingglobally.5.Thepassagediscussestheroleofschoolsinenvironmentaleducation.Whatotherinstitutionscouldplayapartinreducingplasticwaste?Answer:Businesses,governments,andcommunitiescanalsocontributetoreducingplasticwaste.Companiescandesignproductswithlesspackagingorusesustainablematerials.Governmentscanenforcestricterbansonsingle-useplasticsandinvestinrecyclinginfrastructure.Communitiescanorganizeclean-upeventsandpromoteawarenesscampaigns.Byworkingtogether,multiplesectorscancreateastrongerimpact.Explanation:Theanswerexpandsonthepassagebyincludingadditionalstakeholdersbeyondschools.6.Supposeyouarewritingalettertoyourlocalgovernmentaboutplasticpollution.Whatwouldyousuggesttheydo?Answer:Inmyletter,Iwouldsuggestthatthelocalgovernmentimplementaplasticbagban,similartothoseinothercities.Iwouldalsoproposefundingmorerecyclingcentersandofferingincentivesforbusinessesthatusesustainablepackaging.Additionally,Iwouldaskthegovernmenttoeducateresidentsabouttheenvironmentalimpactofplasticwasteandorganizecommunityeventstopromotealternatives.Theseactionswouldhelpreduceplasticpollutionandprotectourenvironment.Explanation:Theansweroutlinesspecificpolicyrecommendationsandeducationalinitiatives.7.Thepassagementionsthatplasticwasteharmswildlife.Describehowthisaffectsanimalsinthewild.Answer:Plasticwasteharmswildlifeinseveralways.Animalsmayingestplastic,mistakingitforfood,whichcanleadtointernalinjuriesorstarvation.Theycanalsobecomeentangledinplasticbagsorfishingnets,leadingtoinjuryordeath.Forexample,seaturtlesoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish,causingthemtosuffocate.Thispollutiondisruptsecosystemsandreducesbiodiversity,threateningthesurvivalofmanyspecies.Explanation:Theanswerdetailsthephysicalandecologicalconsequencesofplasticwasteonanimals.8.Imagineyouareateacher.Howwouldyouincorporatethepassage'sthemesintoalessonplanforyourstudents?Answer:Iwouldstartbydiscussingtheproblemswithplasticwaste,usingimagesandfactsfromthepassage.Then,Iwoulddividestudentsintogroupstoresearchsolutions,suchasreusablebags,recyclingprograms,orcommunityinitiatives.Eachgroupwouldpresenttheirfindingsandproposeaprojecttoreduceplasticuseatschool,suchasareusablebagdriveorarecyclingawarenesscampaign.Thelessonwou