2024外研社国才杯英语综合能力大赛校赛第三场真题 含答案解析 下午场可编辑

年外研社·国才杯“理解当代中国”综合能力大赛试题（第三场）（10月13日13:30-15:30）PartⅠReadandKnow(30marks)(25MINS)1.Whatisthebestunderstandingof“道法自然”?A.Lawisnature.B.Oneshouldcomplywiththenaturallaw.C.Naturedeterminesthelaw.D.Lawscanonlyworkwhentheyareputinnature.2.Whatisthebesttranslationof“打铁必须自身硬”?SylviaA.Tobeaqualifiedblacksmithneedsastrongbody.B.Ittakesagoodblacksmithtoforgegoodtools.C.Forgingironisabouthavingsolidequipment.D.Thehardnessofironisdeterminedbyhumanfactors.3.Pleasecompletethetranslationof“不困在于早虑，不穷在于早豫”:_____preventspitfallsand_____preemptsperils.A.Prioranxiety;earlyaccessB.Earlyplanning;earlyaccessC.Earlyanxiety;properpreparationD.Priorplanning;properpreparation4.Pleasecompletethetranslationof“资源环境要素市场化配置体系”:thesystemfor_____of_____.A.marketizedallocation;sourcesandeco-environmentalfactorsB.market-basedallocation;resourcesandenvironmentalfactorsC.market-orientedallocation;sourcesandotherfactorsD.marketizedallocation;resourcesandotherfactorsWemustfollowapathwithChinesefeaturesandpursueaholisticapproachtonationalsecurity.Weconsiderpoliticalsecurity,thepeople’ssecurity,andthesupremacyofnationalinterestsasthreeessentialelementsofanindivisiblewhole.—XiJinping:TheGovernanceofChina(VolumeIV)5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“holistic”probablymean?A.Beneficialforpeople’shealthandsocialwell-being.B.Positivelyaffectingpeople’sphysicalandmentalstate.C.Remainingwholeandundamaged.D.Basedontheprincipleoftreatinganysubjectasawholeintegratedsystem.Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestion.TheKindergartenWithoutWallssoundsliketheultimatedreamforanychild—notuition,norules,nobarriersorenrollmentrequirements.LocatedinBinlianxincun,acrowdedurbanvillageinHaikou,capitalofSouthChina’sHainanProvince,ithasbeenacompanionspaceforchildrentolearnandplaysince2018.KindergartenWithoutWallsisauniqueconceptthatdeviatesfromthetraditionalmodelofeducation.Housedinasmallgeneralstore,thisunconventional“kindergarten”opensitsdoorsforfreetomainlymigrantchildrenandchildrenindifficultyonFridayeveningsandweekends,andoffersarangeofactivities—fromsinginganddancingtopainting,watchingmovies,readingbooks,andplayinggames.6.WhatmakestheconceptofKindergartenWithoutWallsunique?A.Itoffersfreeactivitiestomigrantchildrenandchildrenindifficulty.B.Itfocusesonnontraditionaleducationmethods.C.Itfunctionswithouttheconfinementofphysicalwalls.D.Itacceptschildrenfrommixedfamilybackgrounds.Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestion.Whentheforecastcallsforrecord-breakingtemperatures,thekindthatturntheweatherappwarningsdeepredandpushthelimitsofwhatawindowunitairconditionercando,thoseintheknowbracethemselves.Extremeheatmeansextremeelectricitydemand,andthatcanleadtorollingblackoutsoroutagesthatleavethousandswithoutelectricity.Butevenamidrecordhightemperatures,thathasnotbeenthesummerstoryinNewEngland.SylviaAsthedemandforelectricityhassoared,theregionalpowergridhashummedalonguneventfully,backedinpartbyarelativelynewsourceofenergy:thousandsofsolarpanelsonrooftops,overparkinglots,andalonghighways.It’snotjusthelpingmakethegridmorereliable,expertssaid,butprovingthatnon-fossilfuelgeneratedpowerisfinallyplayingasignificantroleintheoperationoftheregionalpowergrid,withevenmoreduetocomeonlinefrommajorwindfarmsandotherlarge-scaleresourcesunderdevelopment.7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenon-fossilfuelgeneratedpowerintheregionalpowergrid?A.Ithasproventobeagoodcomplementtomajorwindfarmsandotherlarge-scaleresources.B.Ithasalwaysbeenplayingasignificantroleintheoperationoftheregionalpowergrid.C.Itenhancesthereliabilityofthegridandmayseefuturegrowthinrenewableenergyprojects.D.Itdoeslittlehelptotheincreasedelectricityoutagesduringextremetemperatures.Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestions.ThewatercycleisintimatelytiedtotheEarth’sclimate,becauseitisdrivenbyenergyandalsocarriesenergywithit.Tochangethephaseofwaterfromsolidtoliquidorliquidtogasrequiresenergy,whichintheclimatesystemcomesfromtheSun.Equally,whenwatercondensesfromgastoliquidorfreezesfromliquidtosolid,energyisreleased.Solarheatingdrivesevaporationfromtheocean.Thisisresponsibleforsupplyingabout90percentofthewatervapourtotheatmosphere,withtheother10percentcomingfromevaporationonthelandandfreshwatersurfaces.Evaporationcoolstheoceanandlandsurfaces,andwhenwatervapourcondensestoformclouddropletsandrain,orfreezestoformsnow,thisheatstheatmosphere.(FromEarthSystemScience)8.Howmuchofthewatervaporintheatmosphereissuppliedbyevaporationfromtheocean?A.100%.B.10%.C.80%.D.90%.9.Whathappenswhenwatervapourcondensesorfreezes?SylviaA.Solarenergyisabsorbedbytheocean.B.Theoceanandlandsurfacescooldown.C.Theatmosphereisheated.D.Energyfromtheatmosphereisconsumed.Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestions.SylviaDoctorshavebeenabletomakeheartmuscle“regenerate”forthefirsttime.Researcherspioneeredthetechniquebydeliveringmildshockwavestopatients’heartsafterbypasssurgery.Volunteersgiventhetreatmentwerelatershowntobeinbetterhealththanthosewhohadregularcare.Theirheartswereabletopumpmoreoxygenandtheyreportedbeingabletowalkfurtherwithoutresting.“Forthefirsttime,weareseeingtheheartmuscleregenerateinaclinicalsetting,whichcouldhelpmillions,”saidProfessorJohannesHolfeldofInnsbruckMedicalUniversity.TheAustriantrialinvolved63patientswithdamagedheartmuscle.Researchersusedamachine—dubbeda“spacehairdryer”—toapplymildshockwavesaftersurgery.Ayearlater,theamountofoxygenatedbloodpumpedbythehearthadincreasedby11.3percentinthe30patientsgiventhetreatment.Forthe33volunteersinthecontrolgroupthefigurewas6.3percent.10.Whatcanbeobservedfromthepatientswhoreceivedthemildshockwavetherapy?A.Theywereinbetterhealthandhadlongerlifespans.B.Theirheartsneedlessmedicationduringthetreatment.C.Theirheartspumpedmoreoxygenandtheywalkedfurtherwithoutresting.D.Theyrecoveredfromthediseaseatafasterpace.11.Whatisthemainfocusofthemedicalbreakthroughdiscussedinthetext?A.Regeneratingheartmuscleinpatients.B.Enhancingtheeffectivenessofregularhearttreatments.C.Improvingthesuccessrateofbypasssurgery.D.Treatingpatients’damagedmuscles.Directions:ReadthechartaboutAIpublicationsbysectorandgeographicareain2022anddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrueorFalse.Source:CenterforSecurityandEmergingTechnology,2023|Chart:2024AIIndexreport12.TheeducationsectorcontributesthemajorityofAIpublicationsacrossthesurveyedcountriesorregions.A.TrueB.False13.ChinahasthelargestshareofAIpublicationsintheindustrysector,followedbytheEuropeanUnionandUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStates.A.TrueB.False14.TheUnitedStatesandtheEuropeanUnionplustheUnitedKingdomalmosthaveanequalshareofAIpublicationsinthegovernmentsector.A.TrueB.False15.TherearefewerAIpublicationsinthenonprofitsectorcomparedtootherfieldsacrossthesurveyedcountriesorregions.A.TrueB.FalsePartⅡReadandReason(30marks)(30MINS)Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestion.Humankind’scuriosityaboutwhatliesupaboveinspacehaslongoutpaceditsinterestinwhatlurksbeneaththesurfaceoftheEarth’soceans.①Indeed,morehumanshavevisitedthemoonthanthebottomofthesea.②SuchisthedisparitythatcontemporaryscientistspossessmoreprecisemapsoftheMartiansurfacethantheydooftheoceandepths.③EvenifonlytobetterunderstandwhatconstitutesnearlythreequartersoftheEarth’ssurface,thevastmajorityofwhichremainsunexplored.④Buthumanswoulddowelltolearnmoreaboutwhatliesintheocean’sdepths.Suchwasthecasepresentedbyexpertsduringthe54thannualWorldEconomicForuminDavos.16.Whatistherightorderofthenumberedsentences?A.②①④③B.③②④①C.①③④②D.④①②③Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestion.IknowIshouldhavebeenontimefortheinterview,butIwokeuplateandfeltreallybadaboutit,thenthestressofbeinglatemadeithardtoconcentrateondrivinghere.17.Whichofthefollowingcommitsthesamelogicalfallacyasinthetext?A.Ofcourseit’sfinetowaituntilthelastminutetowriteyourpaper.Everybodydoesit!B.IwanttochangemymajortoEnglish,butI’msoclosetofinishingmychemistrydegree.C.CouldyoupleasechangemygradefromDtoC?Iworkedreallyhardforthisassignment.Ievenpulledanall-nightertofinishontime.D.Mydadscoldedmeforgettingaspeedingticket,soIaskedhimaboutalltheticketsherackedupwhenhewasmyage.Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestion.Advertisement:Ourcompetitors’computersalespeoplearepaidaccordingtothevalueoftheproductstheysell,sotheyhaveafinancialincentivetoconvinceyoutobuythemostexpensiveunits—whetheryouneedthemornot.ButhereatComput-o-Mart,oursalespeoplearepaidasalarythatisnotdependentonthevalueoftheirsales,sotheywon’ttrytotellyouwhattobuy.ThatmeanswhenyoubuyacomputeratComput-o-Mart,youcanbesureyou’renotpayingforcomputingcapabilitiesyoudon’tneed.18.Whichofthefollowingwould,iftrue,mostweakentheadvertisement’sreasoning?A.Comput-o-Martdoesnotsellanycomputersthatsupportonlybasiccomputing.B.Extendedwarrantiespurchasedforless-expensivecomputerscancostnearlyasmuchasthepurchasepriceofthecomputer.C.Salespeoplewhohaveafinancialincentivetomakesalesgenerallyprovidemoreattentiveservicethandoothersalespeople.D.Someless-expensivecomputersactuallyhavegreatercomputingpowerthanmoreexpensiveones.Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestions.Welcometothefascinatingworldofacupuncture,anancienthealingpracticethathasbeenusedforthousandsofyearstorestorebalanceandharmonywithinthebody.Acupunctureisnotjustabouttreatingphysicalailments;itisaholisticapproachthatencompassesthemind,body,andspirit.Byunderstandingtheprinciplesofacupunctureandexperiencingitstherapeuticeffects,youcanembarkonajourneytowardsoptimalhealthandwell-being.AcupunctureoriginatedinancientChinaandhassincespreadacrosstheglobe,gainingrecognitionforitsprofoundhealingabilities.Thistraditionalpracticeisbasedontheconceptof

qi,thevitallifeforcethatflowsthroughourbodiesalongspecificpathwayscalledmeridians.When

qi

isblockedorimbalanced,itcanleadtovariousphysical,mental,andemotionalailments.Acupunctureaimstorestoretheflowof

qi

andbringthebodybackintoharmony.Duringanacupuncturesession,thinneedlesareinsertedintospecificpointsalongthemeridianstostimulatethebody’snaturalhealingresponse.Thisgentleandprecisetechniquehelpstoreleaseblockedenergy,alleviatepain,reduceinflammation,andpromoteoverallwell-being.Inadditiontoneedleinsertion,othertechniquessuchasmoxibustion(艾灸),cupping,andelectroacupuncturemayalsobeusedtoenhancethetherapeuticeffects.Acupunctureisnotjustlimitedtotreatingphysicalailments;itcanalsoaddressmentalandemotionalimbalances.Stress,anxiety,depression,andinsomniaarejustafewexamplesofconditionsthatcanbeeffectivelytreatedwithacupuncture.Byrestoringbalancewithinthebody,acupuncturecanhelpcalmthemind,improvesleepquality,andenhanceemotionalwell-being.OneoftheuniqueaspectsofacupunctureisitsintegrationwithtraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM).InTCM,acupunctureisoftencombinedwithherbalremedies,dietaryrecommendations,andlifestylemodificationstoprovideacomprehensiveapproachtohealing.Thisholisticcombinationensuresthatthemind,body,andspiritarealltakenintoconsiderationwhendoctorsaddresshealthissues.Asacupuncturegainsrecognitioninmodernhealthcaresystems,itisincreasinglybeingusedinconjunctionwithWesternmedicine.Manyhospitalsandclinicsnowofferacupunctureasacomplementarytherapytosupportconventionaltreatments.Thisintegrationallowspatientstobenefitfromthebestofbothworlds,combiningtheancientwisdomofacupuncturewiththeadvancementsofmodernmedicine.Whenconsideringacupuncture,itisimportanttochooseaqualifiedandexperiencedacupuncturistwhoadherestosafetyandhygienestandards.Agoodacupuncturistwilltakethetimetounderstandyouruniqueneedsandcreateapersonalizedtreatmentplan.Duringanacupuncturesession,youcanexpectacalmandsoothingenvironment,whereyouwillbeguidedthrougheachstepoftheprocess.Bypreparingyourselfmentallyandphysicallyforthesession,youcanmaximizethetransformativebenefitsofacupuncture.19.Accordingtothetext,howdoesacupuncturetreatailments?A.Byacceleratingtheflowofqithroughmeridians.B.Byrebalancingthedisruptedorpluggedflowofqi.C.Byrestrictingtheflowofqitospecificmeridians.D.Byenhancingthenaturalandharmoniousflowofqi.20.Whycanacupunctureeffectivelytreatmentalailments?A.Becauseitcanpromotethebody’shealingsystem.B.Becauseitcanfosterbettersleepandsootheemotion.C.Becauseithelpstostimulatevitalityandvigor.D.Becauseithasobviouseffectsindiminishingdiscomfort.21.Whatisamainpointthatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Acupuncturegreatlycontributestothedevelopmentofamodernmedicalscience.B.Acupunctureproducesthebesteffectwhenitfollowsauniversalstandard.C.Treatmentsshouldbedesignedtoaddressbothphysicalandmentalhealth.D.Treatmentsshouldemphasizetheinterconnectednessofmind,body,andspirit.Directions:Readthetextandanswerthequestions.

Whatisthecorrectetiquettewhenitcomestosharingspoilers?Surelywedon’thavetowatcheveryshowweloveassoonasitcomesout.Andwhatofthe“spoilees”:thosewhoactivelyshareplotdetailsbecausetheyfeelpartofaculturalmomentandwanttosignalthattheyare

aucourant?

Irana(somewhatunscientific)pollonlinetogetotherpeople’sthoughts.Theresultswerequiteclear:Of478votes,thebiggestgroup—justover33percent—feltspoilersshouldn’tbeshareduntilatleastaweekafterashowhasaired,ifever.Almostasmanysaidafewdaystoaweekwastherightamountoftime.Only22percentthoughtitwasacceptabletosharespoilersimmediately,asthe

LATimes

didearlierintheseries,publishingafaux-obituaryforacertainkeycharacterminutesafter

Succession

hadaired.It’snotjustTVshowsthatcanbespoiled.Unlesstheauthorshavethemselveswrittenaspoilerintoastory(likeShakespeare’s“star-cross’dlovers”,whosefatewearetoldintheprologueof

RomeoandJuliet),Idon’twantanycluesastowhatmighthappeninplaysornovels,either.Andthereissometimesfuntobehadbynotrevealinganending,asaudiencesofAgathaChristie’s

TheMousetrap,thelongest-runningplayinhistory,havelargelymanagedsince1952.Butisourspoilerphobiawarranted?Perhapsnot.“Whatpeoplelikedwasabetterunderstandingofthestory,”JonLeavitt,apsychologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,tellsme.Andknowingtheendingdoesnotnecessarilyruinthesuspense:“Peopleunderestimatetheextenttowhichyouinhabitastorywhileyou’reengagedwithit...Thesituationisstillunfoldinginfrontofyou.”Icanrelatetothis.InfilmsI’veseenmultipletimesIstillrootfortheguytogetthegirl;IstillhopethecatastropheIknowiscomingcanbeaverted.Therearealsotimeswhenhavingabetterunderstandingcanimprovetheexperience—Ialwaysreadthesynopsisbeforegoingtoseeanopera.Butthereisadifferencebetweenchoosingtofindoutwhathappensandsuddenlylearningsomethingyouwerenotmeantto.Theformerisnotreallya“spoiler”atall,butthelatteris,andthereisasenseofdisappointmentinanaccidentaldiscovery—bothinfictionandinlife.A2016studyfoundthatthoseofuswhohavewhatpsychologistscalla“needforcognition”—thatis,whoareinclinedtoundergoeffortfulcognitiveactivity—aremorelikelytowanttobekeptinsuspense.Soarethoseofuswhohavea“needforaffect”,meaningadesiretoexperiencemanydifferentemotionalstates.IthinkIhaveaneedforboth.Spoilersdo,tosomeextent,“spoil”ourenjoymentoftheescapistentertainmentashowprovides.Ipropose,forfuture“appointmentTV”,a24-hourembargoforthediscussionofcrucialplotdevelopmentstoallowalltimezonestocatchup.Afterthatitisopenseason.Weshouldn’tkillthethrillofsuspense,butneithershouldwedeprivepeopleoftherareopportunitytocometogetherforahappyandfrivolousreason,allatonce,intheoverwhelming,endless,andoftenmisery-inducingexpansethatistheinternet.22.Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“aucourant”?

A.modestandmild-mannered

B.generousandsweet-tempered

C.smartandwell-educated

D.currentandwell-informed23.Whatwastheresultofthepollonlineregardingthesharingofspoilers?

A.Over33%believedspoilerscouldbesharedasquicklyaspossible.

B.Almosthalfthoughtafewdayswastherighttimetosharespoilers.

C.Themajoritydisapprovedofimmediatesharingofspoilers.

D.Mostpeoplethoughtspoilersshouldneverbeshared.24.AccordingtoJonLeavitt,whymightpeoplestillenjoyastoryevenafterknowingitsending?

A.Thesuspenseoftheunfoldingsituationcanstillbeengaging.

B.Peoplearekeenondiscussingthestory’splottwistsindetail.

C.Theaudiences’attentionsfocusonthestory’ssituationratherthanitsplot.

D.Peoplearefascinatedbythedifferentinterpretationsofthestory’sending.25.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthepsychologicalimpactofspoilers?

A.Theaudiencescanenhancetheirexcitementbydiscussingplotdevelopments.

B.Theaudienceswithhighneedsforcognitionareparticularlyaversetospoilers.

C.Spoilershavelesseffectontheaudiences'emotionalexperience.

D.Spoilersuniversallydiminishenjoymentandemotionalengagement.PartⅢWriteandCreate(30marks)(35MINS)OntheofficialwebsiteoftheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC),thereisasectioncalled“Opinion”thatplanstofeatureexceptionalathleteswhocompetedattherecentParisOlympics.TheIOChaspostedthefollowingcallforproposals.TheBestAthleteattheParisOlympicsinMyEyesThe2024ParisOlympicGameshavebeenaremarkabledisplayofglobalathletes'sportsmanship,skill,andresilience.TohonortheseexceptionalperformancesandinspireyoungpeopleintheirpursuitoftheOlympicmotto"Faster,Higher,Stronger-Together,"wearecreatingaspecialwebpageforthestandoutathletesoftheParisGames.Weinviteyoutosubmityourproposalforthecompetitorwhoyoubelievedeservesthetitleof"BestAthleteatthe2024ParisOlympics."Pleaseprovidereasonsforyournomination.Yourchosenathletedoesnotneedtobeagoldmedalist.Theselectedathletewillbefeaturedinthe"Opinion"sectionofourwebsite.WeinviteyoutodraftaproposalrecommendinganathleteoftheParisGamesforthissection.Inyourproposal,youshouldexplainwhythisathletebestembodiesthespiritoftheOlympicGamesandservesasaninspirationtoyoungpeopleworldwide.Yourproposalshouldbebetween200and250words.

参考答案1.B解析：选项B强调的是人应顺应自然、顺应万物发展的本质，而不是去违背或强制改变这种自然而然的规律。2.B3.D解析：“不困在于早虑，不穷在于早豫。”这是两个并行句式，工整对仗。要调整语序，用工整对仗如诗般语言展现这段引语的深刻思想：“Priorplanningpreventspitfallsandproperpreparationpreemptsperils.”回译过来就是：提前计划防止跌入陷阱；合理准备克服潜在危险。对“困”和“穷”的理解深入，而不是现代汉语之表面意义。用and连接两句话，形成对仗工整的句式。英文中连用辅音p，形成头韵，诗意浓烈。4.B5.D6.A解析：虽然“无墙幼儿园”确实采用了非传统的教育模式，但其独特之处在于它为主要是流动儿童和困难儿童免费提供学习和娱乐的空间，这使它与传统的收费幼儿园模式形成鲜明对比。免费开放、面向弱势群体的理念是其最为突出的特征。7.C解析：文章提到非化石燃料发电（如太阳能）不仅增强了电网的可靠性，还在极端高温时期发挥了重要作用，并且未来可能会有更多的可再生能源项目上线，如大型风能项目。这表明，非化石燃料发电在电网中变得越来越重要，并有增长潜力。8.D解析：文章提到，太阳加热驱动海洋蒸发，海洋蒸发供应了约90%的大气水蒸气。9.C解析：文章指出，当水蒸气凝结成云滴和雨，或冻结成雪时，会释放能量，这会加热大气。10.C解析：文中说了接受温和冲击波治疗的患者心脏泵送的氧气量增加，并且他们报告称能够走得更远而无需休息。11.A解析：文章的主要焦点在于通过温和的冲击波技术使心肌再生，这是对心脏病患者治疗的重大突破。12.A解析：从图表中可以看到，教育部门在所有区域中占有最多的AI出版物份额，说明该领域是AI出版物的主要贡献者。13.B解析：图表显示，在工业领域，美国（14.06%）的AI出版物份额最大，其次是欧盟和英国（9.47%），然后才是中国（7.39%）。14.B15.A解析：在所有领域中，非营利部门的AI出版物占比最少，无论是在美国、欧盟和英国，还是在中国，这一领域的比例都最低。16.A又是这道题（外研社是没有题目可以出了吗），原文出处：17.C解析：在题目中，作者没有按时参加面试，并给出了一个原因（因为压力导致难以集中开车）。这是一种“诉诸情感”的逻辑谬误（AppealtoEmotion/Pity），因为作者试图通过解释自己的情感或努力（如压力或迟到后的感觉）来合理化自己的行为，而不是解决迟到本身的问题。选项C中，学生希望老师更改成绩的理由是他付出了很多努力（如熬夜），而不是基于作业的实际表现。这也是一种“诉诸情感”的逻辑谬误，因为它试图通过情感上的努力来获得不同的结果，而不是依据任务的实际质量。18.A解析：广告的核心论点是：因为Comput-o-Mart的销售人员不根据销售额拿提成，所以他们不会试图让顾客购买他们不需要的昂贵电脑，顾客可以放心购买适合自己需求的电脑。广告的推理基础是，Comput-o-Mart能够提供不同价位、不同功能的电脑，并且销售人员不会过度推荐不必要的高价产品。选项A提到Comput-o-Mart并不销售只支持基本计算的电脑，这直接削弱了广告的推理。因为如果商店根本不出售低价、基础配置的电脑，即使销售人员不推销高价产品，顾客也没有选择低价或基础产品的余地。因此，这一选项会极大地削弱广