Unit 4 Developing ideas Reading 教学设计-2022-2023学年高一英语外研版2019必修第一册

必修一Unit4DevelopingideasReading教学文字稿(PPT1)Hello,everyone!Welcometomyclass.It’smypleasuretobewithyou.Doyoulikereadingnovelsinyoursparetime?Ilikereadingnovelsalot.Asforme,novelshaveakindofmagicpowerwhichtakesmeintoatotallynewlife.让我们一起走进小说的世界，体会小说的魅力吧。今天我们与大家学习的是必修一Unit4DevelopingideasReading这一板块的内容。Step1:Analysisofthematerial(PPT2)First,let’slookattheanalysisofthematerial.课文语篇节选自欧·亨利的短篇小说“AfterTwentyYears”，主题为友谊与法律，课文首先呈现了主人公在约定的时间和地点等待重逢的场景，然后通过主人公和警察的对话，讲述了主人公和朋友20年前和20年间发生的故事。通过这一板块的学习，我们将能够更深入地理解友谊的内涵和意义，辩证地思考情与法之间的关系，形成正确的人生观和价值观。Step2:Leading-in(PPT4)

Doyouknowwhoheis?That’sright.HeisO.Henry,afamousAmericanwriter.Now,readtheshortintroductiontoO.Henryandanswerthequestions.WilliamSydneyPorter,whosepennamewasO.Henry,wasaworld-famousAmericanshortstorywriter.这里出现了一个定语从句，也是我们本单元的目标语法项目。Whose是连接词，相当于his的意思。能理解这句话的意思吗？欧亨利是一位著名的美国短篇小说家。Inhisstories,heoftenfocusedontheeverydaylifeofordinarypeopleinNewYorkCityatthattime.Focus聚焦，他的小说主要聚焦于纽约城的普通百姓的日常生活。Hisstoriesarebestknownfortheirsurpriseendings.Payattentiontothis.SurpriseendingsaretypicallyO.Henry-styleendings.Whatarethey?Let’sgoonlearning.(PPT5)O.Henry-styleendings.O.Henry’sstoriesarebestknownfortheirtwistsorsurpriseendings.Twistmeans翻转.Somuchsothatpeoplenowrefertosuchendingsas“O.Henry-styleendings”.Intheseendings,therewillbeasuddentwistthatresultsinanunexpectedchangeofthecharacters’innerworld,experience,destiny,ect,thuscreatinganunexpectedyetunderstandableresult.不难看出，欧亨利式的结尾往往是出其不意，但又合情合理。Soyousee,theseendingswillgiveyouabigsurprise,right?Suchendingswillmakethestorymoreappealing吸引人anddramatic富有戏剧性aswellasmorememorableforitsreaders.Exactly,theywon’tbeforgotteneasily.(PPT6)Let’sgoon.Ifyou’dliketofindoutmoreaboutO.Henry’sshortstoriesandsurpriseendings,youcansearchalibraryoronlineusingthesekeywords:AfterTwentyYears,O.Henry’sshortstories,surpriseendings.Today,wearegoingtoappreciateoneofthem.Areyouinterested?Beforereading,let’sanswersomequestionstowarmupyourbrain,ok?(PPT7)这些问题的答案没有错对之分，大家可以根据实际情况来回答。Thefirstquestionis“HaveyoureadanystoriesbyO.Henry?Shareonewiththeclass.Youmayanswerlikethis:Yes,Ihave.IhavereadTheGiftoftheMagi.It’salovestoryofapoorcouple,whosacrificethemselvesforeachother.It’sreallymoving.当然你也可以回答，Sorry,Ihaven’t.That’sok.(PPT8)Question2.Doyoulikestorieswithsurpriseendings?Whyorwhynot?Youmayanswer:Yes,Ido.BecauseIthinkasurpriseendingismoreattractiveandbeyondexpectation.That’sreallycool.当然，老师的答案仅仅是抛砖引玉，期待你更加精彩的回答。(PPT9)Step3:Knowledgelearning(PPT10)Now,let’senjoyashortnovelnamedAfterTwentyyears.Readthepassageandfindoutwhythemanisstandingoutsidetheshop.Ready?Start!OK,haveyoufoundtheanswer?同学们，通过快速寻读，你是不是找到了答案的所在地呢？Yes,it’shere.(PPT11)通过这句话“weagreethatnightthatwewouldmeethereagainexactlytwentyyearsfromthatdateandtime,”那天晚上我们约定，要在二十年后的同一天、同一时间在这儿再相聚。So,wecanfigureoutthereason.BecauseheiswaitingforhisfriendJimmy.(PPT12)Now,answerme,howtomakeanovelvivid?大家想一想，如何将一部小说撰写得生动形象，惟妙惟肖，带入感极强呢？Let’sseetogether.(PPT13)小说的三大要素是环境、人物和情节，也就是英文中的settings,charactersandplots.本单元我们重点讨论前两个方面，环境描写和人物刻画。特别是人物的刻画方面，我们还可以从以下几个方面细化。Appearance,manners,languages,actionsthoughtsandpersonalities.也就是咱们常讲的外貌，神态，语言，动作，心理活动，个性特征的描写。Ok,now,readthepassageonPage44and45byyourselfandthenwewilllearnittogether.(PPT14)Ok,let’sreadthefirstpart.Theshortstory“AfterTwentyYears”issetinNewYorkonacold,darknight.Mostpeoplehaveleftworktogohome,andthispartofthecityisnowquiet.Apolicemanwhoischeckingtheareaseesamanoutsideashop.Hegoesuptothemanandfindshehasascaronhisface.Theyhaveachatandthemanstartstotellhisstory.Tellme,whichpartisthedescriptionofsettings?Yes,cold,darknightandquiet.Howaboutthedescriptionofappearance?Yes,hehasascaronhisface.脸上有伤疤Thinkitover,whydoesauthordescribesuchasettingandappearance?大家想想，老友重逢应该开心无比才对，怎么天气描写是寒冷黑暗的夜晚，就不能写个月光皎洁，霓虹闪烁的夜晚吗？作者这样描写环境，有什么用意吗？Right,hewantstoindicatesomethingbad,orunlucky,willtakeplacesoon.(PPT15)Let’sgoonreading.“Twentyyearsagotonight,”saidtheman,“Idinedhereat‘BigJoe’Brady’swithJimmyWells,mybestchum,我最好的朋友，chummeansfriend,andthefinestchapintheworld.Chapmeanspartner.HeandIwereraisedhereinNewYork,justliketwobrothers,together.IwaseighteenandJimmywastwenty.Now,tellme,whatkindofdescriptiondoesthispartbelongto?Settings?Ofcoursenot.It’sthedescriptionoflanguage.这一段是典型的人物语言描写。大家思考一下，Bob的描述说明了什么？没错，FromthispartwecanimplythatBobthinkhighlyofhisfriendJimmy.Bob对自己的朋友Jimmy评价极高。所以，他对于今晚Jimmy的出现可以说是深信不疑，对不对？(PPT16)Let’sgoon.ThenextmorningIwastostartfortheWesttomakemyfortune.Youcouldn’thavedraggedJimmyoutofNewYork;hethoughtitwastheonlyplaceonearth.Here,youneedtograspaphrase:makeone’sfortune.Itmeanstobecomeveryrich.Forexample,Jackmadehisfortunefrommining.杰克通过挖矿变得很富有。现在，老师给大家介绍一点背景知识。Thestoryissetintheearly1900s.ThiswasneartheendofAmerica’sWestwardExpansion,（西部大开发）whichstartedintheearly1800s.Duringtheexpansion,manypeoplewenttotheWesttomakemoney.NewYorkCityislocatedinthenorth-eastoftheUSandwasalreadyabigcitybythen.Pleasepayattentiontothese:NewYorkwasalreadyabigcitybythen,andJimmythoughtNewYorkwastheonlyplaceonearth,whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpress?Yes,personality.作者其实是在通过描述Jimmy的性格反衬Bob的性格，Bobisambitious.Hewantstobecomerich.Hewantstofacechallenges,right?Let’sgoonreading.Ibelieveyoucanunderstandwhytheauthordesignsthedialoguelikethis.(PPT17)Well,weagreedthatnightthatwewouldmeethereagainexactlytwentyyearsfromthatdateandtime,nomatterwhatourconditionsmightbeorfromwhatdistancewemighthavetocome.It’salittlebithardtounderstandthissentence.Canyouparaphraseit?(PPT18)Maybeyoucanexpresslikethis:Well,thatnightwemadeanagreementtomeeteachotherhereonthesamedateandtimeaftertwentyyears.NeitherourconditionsnorthedistancefromourlocationstoNewYorkwouldstopusfromcoming.其实大体表达的意思就是无论条件怎样，无论距离远近，我们都要重逢的意思。(PPT19)Let’sgoon.Wefiguredthatintwentyyearseachofusoughttohaveourdestinyworkedoutandourfortunesmade,whatevertheyweregoingtobe.Forthissentence,wecouldalsosay：Wethoughtthatnomatterwhatourfutureheldorhowmuchmoneywewouldmake,wewouldfindoutintwentyyears’time.这句话不是很好理解，大体表达的意思是：我们当时觉得，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。Pleasepayattentiontothesetwophrases:oughttoandworkout.Let’slearn“oughtto”first.Itisusedwhenyouhavestrongreasonsforbelievingorexpectingsomething.Forexample,asatruefriend,sheoughttocomeandhelp.Thesecondphrase,workout,meanstosolveaproblem.Forexample,theywillworkoutwhattodonexttogether.(PPT20)“Itsoundsprettyinteresting,”saidthepoliceman.“Ratheralongtimebetweenmeets,though,itseemstome.Haven’tyouheardfromyourfriendsinceyouleft?”自从你走之后，你就没收到你朋友的消息吗？“Well,yes,foratimewecorresponded,”saidtheother.Correspondmeans“exchangelettersormessages”.咱们可以理解为通信或者是联络。SoBobandJimmykeptintouchwitheachotherforsometime,right?(PPT21)Butafterayearortwowelosttrackofeachother.Yousee,theWestisaprettybigproposition,andIkepthustlingaroundoveritprettylively.Wecanalsosay,“Butafterayearortwowelostcontactwitheachother.Yousee,theWestisaverybigbusiness,andIwasworkinghardandmovingfromplacetoplace.”不难看出，Bob在美国西部，忙着东奔西跑地挣钱，没过两年就和Jimmy失去了联系。(PPT22)ButIknowJimmywillmeetmehereifhe’salive,forhewasalwaysthetruest,staunchestoldchapintheworld.He’llneverforget.在Bob眼里，只要Jimmy还活着，他就一定会来，这是何等的信任呀。Icameathousandmilestostandinthisdoortonight,andit’sworthitifmyoldpartnerturnsup.今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切都是值得的。”Pleasepayattentiontothesetwoexpressions:staunchandturnup.Staunchmeans“firmanddependableespeciallyinloyalty”忠实可信的,andturnupmeans“appearorbecomevisible”出现、到来。Fromthispart,whatkindofpersonalitycanyoufeelaboutBob?Ithinkit’sfaithful,becausehebelievesJimmysomuchthathe“cameathousandmilestostandinthisdoor”withoutmakingaphonecallorwritingamail,whatever.(PPT23)Now,let’sfinishactivity3together.Thinkofapossibleendingto“AfterTwentyYears”andfindevidencetosupportyourideas.Usingthefollowingquestionstohelpyou.1.DidJimmycometomeethisfriend?2.WhathasJimmyexperiencedoverthepast20years?3.Whatmighthappenbetweenthepolicemanandtheman?(PPT24)Facedwiththesequestions,youmayfindithardtofindtherightanswerfromthepassage.Nevermind.Actually,thereareNOso-calledCORRECTANSWERStothesequestions.Youcanguessorpredictbravely.Thisprocessisreallyenjoyable,foryouarecommunicatingallthetimewiththeauthor.Thisisoneofthecharmsofreadingnovels.So,bebraveandshowyourownanswers.(PPT25)Forexample,thefirstquestion,DidJimmycometomeethisfriend?Youmayanswer“Yes,Ithinkso,becauseBobsaidJimmywasalwaysthetruest,staunchestoldchapintheworld.”(PPT26)Or,youranswercouldalsobe“No,Jimmydidn’tcome,becauseBobsaidJimmywouldmeethimifhewasalive.Weknowitwasonly20yearssincetheyhadmetlasttimeandJimmythenwasonly40yearsold.However,Bobstartedtothinkaboutwhetherhewasstillalive,whichmeansJimmy’sjobmightbedangerous.Besides,O.Henrylikessurpriseendings,soIguessJimmydidn’tcomeatall.”Inaword,aslongasyouranswerisreasonable,itcanbeaccepted.Gotit?Ok,let’sseethenextquestion.(PPT27)WhathasJimmyexperiencedoverthepast20years?Maybeyoucananswerlikethis:IthinkJimmybecameaVIPinNewYorkandmadegreatcontributionstothiscity.HewasveryhappyandenjoyedhimselfalotinNewYork.BecauseJimmythoughtNewYorkwastheonlyplaceonearth,whichmeanshemustfeelverysatisfiedwiththisplaceandlovethisplace.(PPT28)Let’slookatthelastquestion.Whatmighthappenbetweenthepolicemanandtheman?Youmayanswerlikethis:IguessthepolicemanwillarrestBob.Youcanseethepicture,whichisdarkanddepressing.Thispicturemakesmenervous.Ithinksomethingbadwillhappensoon.同学们要关注“看”的能力的提高，这幅插图放在这里是有意图的，从图片的色调可以推测故事的发展走向。(PPT29)Nowit’stimetomakeupapossibleending!Butremember,surpriseending.Well,Ihavepreparedoneforyou.Suddenly,thepolicemanshowedBobaninvitation.Bobopenedit,whichread“DearBob,Iknowyou’lldefinitelycometonight.IamnowtheheadmasterofNewYorkHighSchool,andthepolicemanusedtobemystudent.Iaskedhimtotakeyoutotherestaurant,whereIhavepreparedabigpartyandasurprisegift.Comesoon.Jimmy.”Isitsurprisingenough?这是一个欢快的结尾，但是缺乏惊喜或者惊吓。(PPT30)Now,it’stimetoseewhatO.Henryhaspreparedforus!(PPT31)Bob,Iwasattheappointedplaceontime.Appointedplacemeans约定好的地点。Whenyoustruckthematchtolightyourcigar,IsawitwasthefaceofthemanwantedinChicago.“Struckthematch”means划火柴。而“themanwantedinChicago”是指在芝加哥被通缉的人。SomehowIcouldn’tdoitmyself,soIwentaroundandgotaplainclothesmantodothejob.于是我找了一位便衣警察做了这件事情。Lookattheunderlinedsentence,“Icouldn’tdoitmyself”,whatdoesitmean?Yes,itmeans“Icouldn’tarrestyoumyself.”如果你可以第一时间就推断出这层含义，那说明你阅读文字深层含义的能力还是很棒的。(PPT32)Now,thinkaboutthe4questionsonthescreen.(PPT33)Thefirstquestion,whatdoesthenotetellyouabouttheendingofthestory?Youmaysay,“Jimmywasthepoliceman.Heturnedupastheyagreedtwentyyearsearlier,buthedecidedtofulfilhisdutyandhaveBobarrested.”(PPT34)Thesecondquestion,howdoyouthinkBobwouldreactwhenhereadthenote?Hemightbeshockedandangry,becausehewaswantedbyChicagopolice,whichmeanshemustbecunningenough足够狡猾toescapefromChicagotoNewYork.Butnowhewas“betrayed”背叛byhisbestfriend,soIthinkhewouldbeshockedandangry.(PPT35)Nextone，doyouthinkthatJimmydidtherightthing?Whyorwhynot?Inmyopinion,Jimmydidtherightthing,becauseJimmywasapolicemanafterall,whosedutywastoprotectthesecurityofthewholesociety.Bobwashisbestfriend,sohedidn’tarrestBobbyhimselftoavoidembarrassmentandleaveBobhislastdignity.Jimmy给Bob留下最后的尊严也算是仁至义尽。毕竟他是一名警察，拘捕犯人，维护正义是他的使命。(PPT36)Thelastquestion,doyoulikethisending?Giveyourreasons.Thisisanopenquestion.So,youmaysay,“Yes,Ido.Becauseit’squiteoutofmyimaginationandexpectation.It’sabigsurprise.Besides,thisendinggivesreadersahugespacetoimaginewhatJimmy’slifehasbeenlikeduringthepast20years.So,Ilikeitverymuch.”(PPT37)Or,youmaysay,“No,Idon’t.Becauseit’squiteillogicalandridiculous.Inmyopinion,theyhadn’tseeneachotherfor20years.HowcouldJimmytelltheguywantedmustbeBob?Youknow,therearealwayssomeonelookinglikeothersinthisworld,especiallyaftersomanyyears.Couldn’tJimmyaskBobafewquestionsbeforemakingthatdecision?Theyarefriends.HeshouldgiveBobachancetoexplain.”应该给朋友一个解释的机会对不对？总之，只要你的答案符合逻辑，都可接受。Step4:Languagepractice(PPT39)Now,activity4.Thinkaboutwhathappenedineachofthethreescenes,usingtheinformationyouhavealreadyreadinthestory.Retellthewholestory.(PPT40)Now,lookatthescreen.Areyouready?Let’shaveatry.Twentyyearsago,BobandJimmyhadadinnertogetherat“BigJoe”Brady’s.Theymadeanagreementthattheywouldmeetatthisplaceagainexactlytwentyyearsfromthatdateandtime.BobworkedveryhardintheWest,whichwasaprettybigproposition.However,Bobmadehisfortuneillegallyandbecameacriminalatlarge.Twentyyearslater,theymetagainattheappointedplace.JimmyrecognizedthatBobwasthemanwantedinChicago.However,hecouldn’tarresthisbestfriendbyhimself.Heaskedhiscolleaguetodoso.(PPT41)Readthispartcarefullyifyoucouldn’tcatchmejustnow.Step5:Practicalapplication(PPT43)Let’ssupposeyouareLiJin,monitoro