湖南郴州市联考2026-2027学年高三模拟预测英语试题（含解析）

高三英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Rescheduletheconcert.B.Buythewomananumbrella.C.Drivethewomantotheconcert.2.Howmanyminutesdoesthemanhavetowaitforthenextbus?A.10minutes.B.20minutes.C.30minutes.3.Whatdoesthewomanoccupyherselfindoing?A.Finishingreports.B.Takingdanceclasses.C.Preparingforalongrace.4.Whendothespeakersusuallyplaytennis?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnFriday.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inahospital.C.Inasupermarket.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听第6段录音回答第6、7题。6.WhatisdifficultforTom?A.Findinganewjob.B.Preparingfortheteachingmaterials.C.Gainingsomeinterestingexperiences.7.WhyisTomworkingasapart-timetutor?A.Tohelphisfriend.B.Toearnmoney.C.Tocollectpostcards.听第7段录音回答第8、9题。8.Whichsportdidthewomanchooselastterm?A.Tabletennis.B.Basketball.C.Badminton.9.Wherearethespeakersmostlikelygoing?A.Toaclassroom.B.Toasportscourt.C.Toacompetitionvenue.听第8段录音回答第10至12题。10.Whatjobisthemaninterestedin?A.Acoursedesigner.B.Alanguageteacher.C.Asoftwaredeveloper.11.Howdoesthemanpreparehimself?A.Byworkingpart-time.B.Bytakingonlinecourses.C.Bykeepinganeyeonjobads.12.Whydoesthemanprefertechcompanies?A.Becauseofhighersalary.B.Becauseofcasualdresscode.C.Becauseofbetterworkhours.听第9段录音回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomanliketodotorelax?A.Playbasketball.B.Listentomusic.C.Readnovels.14.Whatcanweinferaboutthewoman?A.Shelikesdetectivenovels.B.Sheprefersphysicalbooks.C.Shehaslittletimetoread.15.Whatkindofnovelsdoesthemanlikenow?A.Sciencefiction.B.Detectivenovels.C.Historicalnovels.16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydointhefuture?A.TakeguitarlessonsB.Explorenewhobbies.C.Joinapaintingclub.听第10段录音回答第17至20题。17.WhenisWorldKindnessDay?A.OnNovember13th.B.OnNovember18th.C.OnNovember20th.18.Whatdomanypeoplethinkofbeingkindtothemselves?A.It’sselfish.B.It’snatural.C.It’sdifficult.19.Whatisthespeaker’sfirstsuggestion?A.Spendingtimeonself-care.B.Stoppingcomparingyourselfwithothers.C.Recognizingyourownachievements.20.Howmanysuggestionsdoesthespeakermention?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometotheHarvardModelUnitedNations(HMUN)China2026HMUN,foundedonthemissiontoencouragesomeschoolstudentsaroundtheworldtoengageinmeaningfuldebateoncurrentandemergingglobalissues,isscheduledtotakeplacefromAugust15,2026toAugust18,2026inGuangzhou,China.Throughcommitteetopics,HMUNpromotescreativeandcollaborativesolutionsthroughapplicants’activediscussions.Pleasereviewthefollowinginformationforapplicationinstructions,deadlines,fees,andfinancialaid.QualificationsApplicants:ages13+,grades7-12;universitystudentsareunqualified.Studentsarerecommendedtobeaccompaniedbyanadvisor.Teachers,universitystudents(18yearsofageorolder),parents,administrators,andotheradultsarequalifiedtoserveasadvisors.Applicantsareunqualifiedtoserveasadvisors..RegistrationTimelineRegistrationopentime:March5,2026Earlyregistrationdeadline:May1,2026Generalregistrationdeadline:July15,2026Lateregistrationdeadline:August5,2026RegistrationFees&FinancialAidApplicantfees:¥3,980(fordomesticChinese)or$580(forallelse)Advisorfees:¥1,500(fordomesticChinese)or$200(forallelse)Allregistrationfeesmustbepaidtoreceiveyourcountryassignments.TherearenogroupfeesfortheHMUNChina2026.Registrationfeesdonotincludehotelfeesoranymeals.TheHMUNChina2026Secretariatoffersafinancialaidprogram,providingfreeentryforadmittedapplicants.Applicantsshouldmakeeffortstoprovideasmuchinformationaspossibleontheirapplicationstomaximizetheirchancesofreceivingfinancialaid.PleaseapplyforfinancialaidonlinebeforeMay25,2026.1.WhatisthefoundingpurposeofHMUN?A.Toofferfinancialaidtosomestudents.B.Topushsomestudentstodiscussworldissues.C.Toencouragesomestudentstostudyadministration.D.TorecommendsomestudentstoHarvardUniversity.2.Whoisqualifiedtobeanadvisor?A.A20-year-olduniversitystudent. B.An18-year-oldHMUNapplicant.C.A14-year-oldhighschoolstudent. D.An11-year-oldmiddleschoolapplicant.3.Howcantheapplicantsgetfinancialaidmoreeasily?A.Byprovidingdetailedinformation.B.ByregisteringinChinaasagroup.C.ByapplyingforitinAugust,2026.D.Bypayingadditionalregistrationfees.【答案】1.B2.A3.A【解析】【导语】本文是哈佛大学模拟联合国中国大会（HMUNChina2026）的参会申请通知。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“HMUN,foundedonthemissiontoencouragesomeschoolstudentsaroundtheworldtoengageinmeaningfuldebateoncurrentandemergingglobalissues,isscheduledtotakeplacefromAugust15,2026toAugust18,2026inGuangzhou,China.(HMUN旨在鼓励全球部分在校学生就当前及新兴的全球议题展开有意义的辩论，将于2026年8月15日至8月18日在中国广州举行)”可知，HMUN创立的宗旨是推动一些学生讨论世界问题。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Qualifications(资格)部分中的“Teachers,universitystudents(18yearsofageorolder),parents,administrators,andotheradultsarequalifiedtoserveasadvisors.(教师、年满18周岁的大学生、家长、行政管理人员以及其他成年人均有资格担任指导老师)”可知，一名20岁的大学生有资格担任指导老师。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Applicantsshouldmakeeffortstoprovideasmuchinformationaspossibleontheirapplicationstomaximizetheirchancesofreceivingfinancialaid.(申请者应当尽力在申请材料中提供尽可能多的信息，从而最大化获得经济资助的机会)”可知，申请人通过提供详细信息更容易获得助学金。BLikeallpeoplewhogothroughlife,Ihavebeenthroughmanydarkperiodsandseensomuchsuffering.IwasathomeonNovember15,2001whenaterriblefirebrokeoutinmyneighborhood.Icouldstillrememberthedisbelief,thefear,andtheconfusionasthecitywentquietexceptforthesirensonthepolicecarsandambulancesontheemptiedstreets.Itwas10yearsafterthatdaythatIwasintroducedtothe“SurvivorTree”,apeartreediscoveredamonthaftertheterriblefire,buriedunderablockofconcrete.Allleftwashalfatrunkthathadbeenburntblack,withbrokenrootsandonlyonelivingbranch.Thetreewasalmostthrownaway,buttheyoungwoman,whofoundit,beggedthatitshouldbegivenachance.ItwastakentoagardencenterintheBronxforprofessionalcare.Bringingtheseriouslydamagedtreebacktohealthwasnotaneasytask,anditwastouchandgoforawhile.Buteventually,thetreemadeit.Itwasthenreturnedtobeplantedinthewild.Inspring,itsbrancheswerebrightwithflowers.Watchinghowthetreeclungtolifeaftersuchadisastrousblow,Iwasmovedtotears.Thistreewasnotonlyareminderofthepastbutalsoasymbolofhope.Lastyear,Ivisitedthetreeagain.Isawanestofsomebabybirdslyingonthebranch.Iimaginedtheparentsfeedingthemandtheirfinalflightintotheas-yet-unknownworld.The“SurvivorTree”,broughtbackfromthedead,hadnotonlyputoutnewleavesitselfbutalsoprovidedahomeforthelivesofothers.4.WhydoestheauthormentionhisownexperienceonNovember15,2001?A.Tointroducethestoryofthe“SurvivorTree”.B.Toshowthatheknowsmuchaboutcitytrees.C.Toexplainthecausesleadingtotheterriblefire.D.Toprovethathehassurvivedalotofstreetfires.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“touchandgo”inparagraph3mean?A.Relaxingandenjoyable. B.Disastrousandworthless.C.Riskyandcrucial. D.Smoothandsteady.6.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetothe“SurvivorTree”?A.Cautious. B.Admirable. C.Picky. D.Dismissive.7.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.Seeingisbelieving. B.Everycoinhastwosides.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess. D.Wherethereislife,thereishope.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者经历火灾后了解到一棵被烧毁又奇迹般复活的“幸存者之树”，它顽强存活并给其他生命提供庇护，象征着希望与生命力。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“IwasathomeonNovember15,2001whenaterriblefirebrokeoutinmyneighborhood.Icouldstillrememberthedisbelief,thefear,andtheconfusionasthecitywentquietexceptforthesirensonthepolicecarsandambulancesontheemptiedstreets.(2001年11月15日，我在家里，附近发生了一场可怕的火灾。我仍然记得当时的错愕、恐惧和混乱，彼时整座城市陷入死寂，只有空旷街道上警车和救护车的警笛声在响)”以及第二段“Itwas10yearsafterthatdaythatIwasintroducedtothe“SurvivorTree”,apeartreediscoveredamonthaftertheterriblefire,buriedunderablockofconcrete.(正是在那一天之后的10年，我接触到了“幸存者之树”，一棵在那场可怕火灾发生一个月后被发现、埋在一块混凝土下面的梨树)”可知，作者提及自己亲历火灾的背景，是为了自然地引出下文关于这棵在火灾中幸存下来的树的故事。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Bringingtheseriouslydamagedtreebacktohealthwasnotaneasytask,anditwastouchandgoforawhile.Buteventually,thetreemadeit.(把严重受损的树恢复到健康状态并非易事，有一段时间是touchandgo。但最终，这棵树挺了过来)”可知，在救治期间，这棵树的存活情况是非常不确定且充满风险的，touchandgo表示“情况危急、成败未卜”，与Riskyandcrucial意义相近。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Watchinghowthetreeclungtolifeaftersuchadisastrousblow,Iwasmovedtotears.Thistreewasnotonlyareminderofthepastbutalsoasymbolofhope.(看着这棵树在如此灾难性的打击后仍紧紧抓住生命，我感动得流泪。这棵树不仅是对过去的提醒，也是希望的象征)”可知，作者对“幸存者之树”顽强的生命力充满了钦佩与赞赏。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Thistreewasnotonlyareminderofthepastbutalsoasymbolofhope.(这棵树不仅是对过去的提醒，也是希望的象征)”和第四段“The“SurvivorTree”,broughtbackfromthedead,hadnotonlyputoutnewleavesitselfbutalsoprovidedahomeforthelivesofothers.(从死亡中复活的“幸存者之树”不仅自己长出了新叶，还为其他生命提供了家园)”可知，文章讲述了一棵在火灾中濒临死亡、仅剩一根活枝的梨树，经过救治后顽强地活了下来，它不仅重新开花长叶，还为鸟儿提供了繁衍的家园，成为了希望的象征。全文的主旨完美地印证了“Wherethereislife,thereishope.(一息尚存，希望不灭)”这一哲理。CHeroismhasdevelopedgreatlyfromtraditionalimagestomodernfigures.Today,heroescanbehealthcareworkers,firstresponders,socialactivists,andenvironmentalists,whoshowremarkablecourage,selflessness,anddedication.Heroismevolvesandmirrorstheprogressofsociety,soitismeaningfultoexplorethefeaturesofmodernheroesandtheirinfluenceontheworld.Lookingback,inancienttimes,heroismwasconnectedwithheroiccharactersandstrongwarriorsinGreektales.Theyhadsuperhumanabilitiestoprotecttheirpeoplefromoutsidedangersandstoodforthevaluesoftheircultures.Associetybecamemorecomplex,themeaningofheroismbegantochange.Modernheroismhasawiderdefinition.Peoplefromallwalksoflifecanbeheroes,notjustwarriorsorleaders.Physicalstrengthisstilladmired,butsomecollegeprogramsaredesignedtogivehighschoolstudentsaglimpseofcollegelifeandcollege-levelacademics.Foryoungpeople,gainingknowledgeandimprovingthemselvesthroughsuchprogramsisonesteptowardbecomingmodernheroeswhoservesociety.Theyhelpstudentsbuildlifeskillsandstrengthentheircollegeapplications.TheSecondarySchoolProgram(SSP)offers4-weekand7-weekchoicesandenablesstudentstoearncollegecredits.The4-weekSSPisresidentialonly.Studentsliveoncampusandtakeoneaccelerated4-creditcourseinsmallclasses.The7-weekSSPhasthreeformats:residential,online,andcommuting(通勤).Studentscanchooseoneortwofromover200collegecourses.Itfitsacademicallymotivatedhighschoolstudentseagertoexperiencerealcollegecourses.ThePre-CollegeProgram(PCP)isanon-campusresidentialprogramwithoutcredits.Itletsstudentschallengethemselvesacademicallywithoutgradepressure,takecollege-levelcourses,andjoinco-curricularactivitieswithoutstandingpeersworldwide.Ithelpsstudentsexplorepossiblemajorsandunderstandrealcollegelife.Heroismhascomealongwaysinceitsoriginsinancientcivilizations.Ithasexpandedtoincludeawiderangeofpeopleandattributes.However,thetrueessenceofheroismisn’tpopularityorviralmomentsbutanenduringcommitmenttoservingothersandmakingtheworldabetterplace.Heroismisawayoflife,andweallhavethepowertoembodyit.8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bymakingassumptions. B.Bydrawingcomparisons.C.Bycitingdocuments. D.Byprovidingstatistics.9.Whichwordcanbestdescribethedefinitionofmodernheroism?A.Fixed. B.Complex. C.Strict. D.Broad.10.WhatdoSSPandPCPhaveincommon?A.Theygrantcollegecredits. B.Theyexcludeonlinelearning.C.Theyprovidecollege-levelcourses. D.Theyonlyofferon-campusresidency.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WaystoBecomeHeroes B.TypesofModernHeroesC.TheEvolutionofHeroism D.TheCoreofAncientHeroism【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.C【解析】【导语】文章对比古今英雄主义内涵演变，介绍助力高中生成长为现代英雄的项目，点明英雄主义的本质。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段内容，作者首先列举了现代英雄的代表（如医护人员、环保主义者等），随后回顾了古代英雄的形象（如希腊故事中拥有超能力的战士），通过将现代英雄与古代英雄进行对比（drawingcomparisons）来引入英雄主义演变的主题。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Modernheroismhasawiderdefinition.(现代英雄主义有更广泛的定义)”可知，现代英雄主义的定义是广泛的（Broad），“broad”是文中“wider”的同义替换。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Itfitsacademicallymotivatedhighschoolstudentseagertoexperiencerealcollegecourses.(该项目适合那些渴望体验真实大学课程、具有强烈学术动力的高中生)”可知，SSP项目适合渴望体验“真正的大学课程”的学生，根据第四段“Itletsstudentschallengethemselvesacademicallywithoutgradepressure,takecollege-levelcourses,andjoinco-curricularactivitieswithoutstandingpeersworldwide.Ithelpsstudentsexplorepossiblemajorsandunderstandrealcollegelife.(它让学生在没有成绩压力的情况下挑战自我，修读大学水平的课程，并与来自世界各地的优秀同学参与课外活动。该项目帮助学生探索可能的专业方向，了解真实的大学生活)”可知，PCP项目让学生学习大学水平的课程，所以两者的共同点是都提供大学级别的课程。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章首段指出“Heroismhasdevelopedgreatlyfromtraditionalimagestomodernfigures.(英雄主义从传统形象到现代人物有了极大的发展)”，中间段落介绍了现代年轻人如何通过教育项目提升自我以契合现代英雄主义，尾段总结“Heroismhascomealongwaysinceitsoriginsinancientcivilizations.(英雄主义自古代文明起源以来已经走过了漫长的道路)”。全文首尾呼应，核心探讨的是英雄主义从古至今的演变过程及其在现代的内涵。因此，“TheEvolutionofHeroism(英雄主义的演变)”最适合作为文章标题。DWhenalargenumberofrobotsareemployedinalimitedspace,suchasthedisasterclean-uporfactoryassembly(装配),acommonproblemarises.Initially,morerobotsmeanfasterwork.However,beyondacertainpoint,overcrowdingleadstotrafficjamsandcollisions,causingoverallefficiencytodropsharply.Thispresentsakeychallenge:Howcanwemaximizethenumberofrobotsworkingtogetherwithoutcausingjams?ResearchersfromHarvardUniversitybelievetheyhavediscoveredasurprisinglysimpleyeteffectivesolution.Theresearchteam,ledbyPh.D.studentLucyLiu,foundthatintroducingacontrolledamountofrandomnessintoeachrobot’smovementcansignificantlyreduceblockageandimprovethegroup’soverallperformance.Thismightgoagainstcommonsense,asonewouldexpecttheorderly,straight-linemovementtobethemostefficient.Totesttheiridea,theteamfirstcreateddetailedcomputersimulations.Inthesesimulations,virtualagentswereassignedrandomdestinationsinalimitedspace.Whentheseagentsmovedinperfectlystraightlines,theyquicklyformedtightcrowdsthatblockedallprogress.Onthecontrary,whentheirmovementswerecompletelyrandomandirregular,blockagedisappeared,butefficiencydeclinedbecausetheagentswanderedaimlessly,takingfartoolongtoreachtheirgoals.Thebreakthroughcamewhentheresearchersidentifieda“Goldilockszone”—aspecific,intermediatelevelofmovementrandomness.Withinthisperfectrange,theagents’pathswereneitherperfectlystraightnorcompletelychaotic.Theyoccasionallyhiteachother,formingbriefcrowds,butwereabletoslippastoneanotherandcontinuemovingtowardtheirtargets.Thisbalanceallowedtheentiresystemtomaintainasteady,efficientflow.Theteamthentranslatedtheseobservationsintomathematicalmodelsthatcouldpredicttheidealcombinationofrobotdensityandmovementvariationtoachievethehighesttaskcompletionrate.Toconfirmtheirtheoreticalfindings,theresearchersconductedreal-worldexperimentsbyusingsmallwheeledrobotsinalaboratory.Theydemonstratedthatamoderateamountofrandomnessintheirmovementsledtothebestoverallperformance.Thisstudydemonstratesthatcomplex,efficientgroupcoordinationdoesnotnecessarilyrequireadvancedintelligenceorcentralcontrol.Instead,itcanemergefromsimple,localrulesfollowedbyindividualunits.12.Howistherelationshipbetweenthenumberofrobotsandtheirworkingefficiency?A.Stable. B.Unclear. C.Independent. D.Variable.13.Whichofthefollowingworksbestforrobots’movements?A.Straightroutes. B.Orderlymotion. C.Properrandomness. D.Irregularmoves.14.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutrobots?A.Theirbasicmovementrules. B.Theirpastmovementrecords.C.Theirmajormovementtarget. D.Theiridealmovementbalance.15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutrobotgroupsfromthestudy?A.Simplicitycanachievehighefficiency.B.Strictcontrolbringsthebestresults.C.Complexitycontributestogoodcoordination.D.Advancedintelligenceisrequiredforgroupwork.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了哈佛研究人员发现给机器人运动引入适度随机性可避免拥堵、提升群体协作效率，说明简单局部规则即可实现高效协调。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Initially,morerobotsmeanfasterwork.However,beyondacertainpoint,overcrowdingleadstotrafficjamsandcollisions,causingoverallefficiencytodropsharply.(起初，更多的机器人意味着更快的工作。然而，超过某个点后，过度拥挤导致交通堵塞和碰撞，使整体效率急剧下降)”可知，机器人数与工作效率的关系是可变的。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearchteam,ledbyPh.D.studentLucyLiu,foundthatintroducingacontrolledamountofrandomnessintoeachrobot’smovementcansignificantlyreduceblockageandimprovethegroup’soverallperformance.(由博士生LucyLiu领导的研究小组发现，在每个机器人的运动中引入适量可控的随机性，可以显著减少堵塞并提高群体的整体表现)”以及第三段“Thebreakthroughcamewhentheresearchersidentifieda“Goldilockszone”—aspecific,intermediatelevelofmovementrandomness.(当研究人员确定了一个“黄金区间”——一种特定的、中等水平的运动随机性时，这一突破就出现了)”可知，适当的随机性对机器人运动效果最好。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thebreakthroughcamewhentheresearchersidentifieda“Goldilockszone”—aspecific,intermediatelevelofmovementrandomness.(当研究人员确定了一个“黄金区间”——一种特定的、中等水平的运动随机性时，这一突破就出现了)”以及“Thisbalanceallowedtheentiresystemtomaintainasteady,efficientflow.(这种平衡使整个系统保持稳定的高效流动)”可知，本段主要讲述了机器人的理想运动平衡。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisstudydemonstratesthatcomplex,efficientgroupcoordinationdoesnotnecessarilyrequireadvancedintelligenceorcentralcontrol.Instead,itcanemergefromsimple,localrulesfollowedbyindividualunits.(这项研究表明，复杂、高效的群体协调并不一定需要高级智能或中央控制。相反，它可以来自个体单元遵循的简单局部规则)”可知，从这项研究中可以推断出简单性可以实现高效率。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doctorsoftenrecommendabout150minutesofexerciseeachweektomaintaingoodhealth.Thismaysoundlikealot,butitcanbebrokendownintoabout30minutesaday,5daysaweek.Forpeoplewithbusyschedules,eventhiscanseemdifficult.However,expertssaythatexercisedoesnotneedtobedoneallatonce.____16____Thisideaisknownas“exercisesnacking”.Itmeansdoingsmallamountsofphysicalactivityatdifferenttimesinsteadofonelongworkout.Simpleactionsliketakingthestairscancontributetoyourtotalexercisetime.____17____Thesesmalleffortscanaddupandhelpimproveoverallhealth.Whenexercisetimeisshort,high-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT)canbeespeciallyuseful.____18____Thesearefollowedbyperiodsofrestorlighteractivity.HIITcanburncaloriesquicklyandhelpbuildstrength.Meanwhile,regularaerobic(有氧的)exerciseisbeneficialtohearthealth,especiallywhenitlastsatleast10minutes.____19____Combiningdifferenttypesofactivities,likestrengthtrainingandaerobicexercise,canbringgreaterbenefitsthanfocusingononlyonetype.Together,theyhelpimprovefitness,increaseenergy,andsupportlong-termhealth.Forpeoplewhospendlonghourssitting,itisimportanttostayactiveduringtheday.Otherchanges,suchasusingastandingdeskorsittingonanexerciseball,canalsoimprovepostureandencouragemovement.____20____Ingeneral,regularphysicalactivityhelpsimprovehearthealth,strengthenthebody,andreducetheriskofdiseases.A.Abalancedapproachtoexerciseisalsoessential.B.Tryonetypeofexerciseandsticktoitforalongtime.C.Itcanbedividedintoshorterperiodsthroughouttheday.D.Thesesmalladjustmentscanmakeadifferenceovertime.E.Thistypeofexerciseincludesshortburstsofstrongeffort.F.Walkingduringbreaksorstandingupmoreoftenalsohelps.G.Itiseasiertofind30minutesofextratimethananhourormore.【答案】16.C17.F18.E19.A20.D【解析】【导语】本文介绍“运动零食”的概念——将锻炼分散到一天中多次短时进行，并介绍高强度间歇训练(HIIT)、有氧运动、力量与有氧结合等科学锻炼方式，以及日常小调整对健康的益处。【16题详解】上文“However,expertssaythatexercisedoesnotneedtobedoneallatonce.(然而，专家表示锻炼不必一次性完成。)”说明可拆分进行，以及下文“Thisideaisknownas“exercisesnacking”.Itmeansdoingsmallamountsofphysicalactivityatdifferenttimesinsteadofonelongworkout.(这个想法被称为“运动零食”。它意味着在不同时间做少量的体育活动，而不是一次长时间锻炼。)”引出“运动零食”的概念，C选项“Itcanbedividedintoshorterperiodsthroughouttheday.(它可以分成一天中若干个较短的时间段。)”中It指代exercise，直接解释“不必一次做完”，并自然引出下文“运动零食”的概念。【17题详解】上文“Simpleactionsliketakingthestairscancontributetoyourtotalexercisetime.(像走楼梯这样简单的动作也能计入你的总锻炼时间。)”列举短时活动；F选项“Walkingduringbreaksorstandingupmoreoftenalsohelps.(休息时散步或更频繁地站起来也有帮助。)”继续补充类似的小动作，与下文“Thesesmalleffortscanaddupandhelpimproveoverallhealth.(这些小小的努力可以累积起来，并有助于改善整体健康。)”衔接紧密，符合题意。【18题详解】上文“Whenexercisetimeisshort,high-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT)canbeespeciallyuseful.(当锻炼时间短时，高强度间歇训练(HIIT)尤其有用。)”提到HIIT，E选项“Thistypeofexerciseincludesshortburstsofstrongeffort.(这种锻炼包括短时间的强力爆发。)”解释HIIT的特点，承上启下，下文“Thesearefollowedbyperiodsofrestorlighteractivity.(之后是休息或较轻松活动的时段。)”中的These指代shortbursts。【19题详解】下文“Combiningdifferenttypesofactivities,likestrengthtrainingandaerobicexercise,canbringgreaterbenefitsthanfocusingononlyonetype.(结合不同类型的活动，如力量训练和有氧运动，比只专注一种类型带来更大益处。)”强调多种运动结合、均衡搭配；A选项“Abalancedapproachtoexerciseisalsoessential.(均衡的锻炼方式也很重要。)”概括本段主旨，适合作为段落主题句。【20题详解】上文“Otherchanges,suchasusingastandingdeskorsittingonanexerciseball,canalsoimprovepostureandencouragemovement.(其他改变，如使用站立式办公桌或坐在健身球上，也能改善姿势并促进活动。)”列举生活小调整；D选项“Thesesmalladjustmentscanmakeadifferenceovertime.(这些小调整随着时间推移会产生影响。)”中Thesesmalladjustments指代上文的站立桌、健身球等改变，且与下文“Ingeneral,regularphysicalactivityhelpsimprovehearthealth,strengthenthebody,andreducetheriskofdiseases.(总的来说，规律的体育活动有助于改善心脏健康、增强身体并降低疾病风险。)”衔接，符合题意。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mykneeswereshaking;mythroatfeltdrier.Itwasthefirstannualseminarinmydepartment,whereallstudentshadto____21____theirstudyprogress.Ilookedaroundthelecturehallandsawpairsofeagereyesstaringatme,____22____mynextwords.Ifeltso____23____thatIcouldn’tspeakaword.____24____,withmorepublicspeakingahead,Irefusedtoletmynervesholdmebackagain.Itookanextremestepoutofmycomfortzoneto____25____anopencomedyeventatalocalclub.Theregistrationwasnotallowedtobecanceled,leavingmenochanceto____26____.Finally,Iboldlytoldafew____27____thatIhadmadeupmyself.Althoughtheydidnotdrawmuchapplause,IwassurprisedtofindI____28____mytimeonstage.ThereIwasluckytomeetJane,whowasabrilliant____29____.Herhumorandwitmadeherthehighlightoftheevening,soIapproachedherforsome____30____.“Participateinmoreopenspeecheventsandwatchmorepeopleperform.Themostimportantthingis____31____,”sheadvised.Keepingherwordsfirmlyinmymind,Iattendedvarious____32____atcollegetoimprovemypublicspeaking.Withmyscriptinhand,Ikept____33____mypresentation.Iworkedonpausesandgestureswheneverpossible.Atfirst,Ifelt____34____inpublicspeeches,yetgraduallyIgrewmorenatural.WhenIgaveapresentationatthenextseminar,myskillsimproveddramatically,andIfinishedmy____35____withincrediblywarmapplause.21.A.delay B.submit C.present D.improve22.A.repeating B.anticipating C.criticizing D.overlooking23.A.curious B.shocked C.annoyed D.anxious24.A.Therefore B.Meanwhile C.However D.Otherwise25.A.signupfor B.takechargeof C.comeupwith D.breakawayfrom26.A.applaud B.perform C.apologize D.withdraw27.A.jokes B.reasons C.solutions D.excuses28.A.spared B.enjoyed C.described D.wasted29.A.comic B.doctor C.musician D.philosopher30.A.drafts B.tips C.assignments D.certificates31.A.waiting B.summarizing C.practising D.competing32.A.concerts B.interviews C.meetings D.lectures33.A.polishing B.publishing C.recording D.registering34.A.graceful B.fluent C.casual D.awkward35.A.edition B.comment C.talk D.paper【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.A28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】文章讲述作者从公开演讲极度紧张，通过刻意练习最终克服怯场的成长经历。【21题详解】考查动词。句意：这是我系第一届年度研讨会，所有学生都必须‌展示‌自己的学习进展。A.delay拖延；B.submit提交；C.present展示、陈述；D.improve提升。根据上文“Itwasthefirstannualseminarinmydepartment”和下文“Ilookedaroundthelecturehall”可知，研讨会需要学生上台汇报展示学习情况。【22题详解】考查动词。句意：我环顾报告厅，看到一双双热切的眼睛盯着我，‌期待‌着我接下来的发言。A.repeating重复；B.anticipating期待；C.criticizing批评；D.overlooking忽视。根据上文“Ilookedaroundthelecturehallandsawpairsofeagereyesstaringatme”可知，大家都来听学生的进展展示，听众自然是在期待发言内容。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意：我感到非常‌焦虑‌，一个字都说不出来。A.curious好奇的；B.shocked震惊的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据上文“Mykneeswereshaking;mythroatfeltdrier.”可知，开篇就提到作者膝盖发抖、喉咙发干，这些都是紧张焦虑的生理反应。【24题详解】考查副词。句意：‌然而‌，面对后续还有更多的公开发言任务，我拒绝让紧张感再次阻碍自己。A.Therefore因此；B.Meanwhile同时；C.However然而；D.Otherwise否则。上文提到作者紧张到说不出话的窘迫，下文提到作者决定突破自我，前后是转折逻辑。【25题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我跨出舒适区，做出大胆决定，在当地俱乐部报名参加一场公开喜剧演出。A.signupfor报名参加；B.takechargeof负责；C.comeupwith想出；D.breakawayfrom摆脱。根据下文“Theregistrationwasnotallowedtobecanceled”可知，注册后不能取消，此处是报名参与活动。【26题详解】考查动词。句意：报名后无法取消，我没有任何‌退出‌的机会。A.applaud鼓掌；B.perform表演；C.apologize道歉；D.withdraw退出、撤回。根据上文“Theregistrationwasnotallowedtobecanceled”可知，注册不能取消，对应的就是没有办法中途退出活动。【27题详解】考查名词。句意：最后我大胆讲了几个自己编的‌笑话‌。A.jokes笑话；B.reasons理由；C.solutions解决方案；D.excuses借口。根据第二段“anopencomedyevent”可知，作者参加的是公开喜剧活动，喜剧表演的核心就是讲笑话。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：虽然这些笑话没换来太多掌声，但我惊讶地发现自己很‌享受‌在台上的时光。A.spared留出；B.enjoyed享受；C.described描述；D.wasted浪费。根据第一段“Mykneeswereshaking;mythroatfeltdrier.”和上文“Althoughtheydidnotdrawmuchapplause”可知，作者原本极度怯场，这次完成表演后心态发生转变，开始享受舞台。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：在那里我很幸运遇到了简，她是一位非常出色的‌喜剧演员‌。A.comic喜剧演员；B.doctor医生；C.musician音乐家；D.philosopher哲学家。根据第二段“anopencomedyevent”可知，这场活动是公开喜剧演出，她应是喜剧演员的身份。【30题详解】考查名词。句意：她的幽默和机智让她成了当晚的焦点，于是我上前向她请教一些‌建议‌。A.drafts草稿；B.tips建议；C.assignments作业；D.certificates证书。根据下文“sheadvised”可知，作者作为新手向经验丰富