2026考研英语一真题及答案解析完整版（含完形阅读翻译写作）

第页2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试（英语一）试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Advancesinartificialintelligence(AI)arerapidlyeveryaspectofhumanlife.TheworldofAIisbuzzingwithanexcitingpotentialtoimproveandenrichourlives.1,AIalsohasthepotentialhazardof2ourexperiencesinwayswemightfinddifficulttocontrol.Onesuch3ishowweunderstandandexperiencebeauty.AIcanbeacollaborativetoolinawiderangeofcreativeendeavors.4humancreativityandAIalgorithmscanleadtouniqueartistic5thatarebeautifultothehumaneye.Therecollaborationsarelikelytobecomeincreasinglycommon.6,asconvenientandprovocative,AIenablesvirtualtry-onexperienceswhereyoucanvirtually7makeup,hairstyles,clothing,andevencosmeticprocedure8makinganyphysicalchanges.Individualscannowexperimentwithdifferentlooksand9theirpreferences,potentiallyexpandingtherangeofbeautyindeals.AIalgorithmscan10financialfeaturesandskinconditionstoprovidepersonalizedbeautyrecommendations.This11approachaimstocatertoindividualpreferencesandenhancetheconceptofbeautytailoredtoeachperson’suniquecharacteristics.12,AIcanbeafunvehicleforself-discovery.WhileAIoffersexcitingpossibilities,italsoraisesethical13.Thereisariskofdeepeningsocietalbeauty14andperpetuatingunattainablebeautystandards15.AI-poweredbeautyfiltersandeditingtoolscanleadtodistortedself-perceptionand16bodydissatisfaction.Assummarizedinarecentposton“TheHiddenDangersofOnlineBeautyFilters”,17onthistechnologyforsocialpresentationcancauseharm18bodyimageissues,lowerself-esteem,andsocialanxiety.It’simportanttonotethatwhileAIcanenhanceour19ofbeauty,itshouldnot20thegenuinehumanexperienceandtheemotionalconnectionswederivefromseeingthebeautyineachother.1.[A]Still[B]Therefore[C]Afterward[D]Instead2.[A]reviewing[B]narrating[C]ignoring[D]dominating3.[A]reason[B]area[C]clue[D]belief4.[A]Balancing[B]Distinguishing[C]Combining[D]Introducing5.[A]prospect[B]outcomes[C]ambitions[D]sentiments6.[A]Atfirst[B]Bycomparison[C]Forinstance[D]Ingeneral7.[A]test[B]copy[C]link[D]save8.[A]upon[B]beyond[C]through[D]before9.[A]explore[B]recall[C]simplify[D]cherish10.[A]recover[B]arrange[C]reserve[D]analyze11.[A]localized[B]normalized[C]randomized[D]customized12.[A]Atbest[B]Tothecontrary[C]Bydefinition[D]Inthisway13.[A]divisions[B]expectations[C]concerns[D]values14.[A]pressures[B]mysteries[C]understandings[D]suspicions15.[A]Approximately[B]Additionally[C]Alternatively[D]Accidentally16.[A]dealwith[B]resultfrom[C]contributeto[D]focuson17.[A]starting[B]checking[C]relying[D]working18.[A]apartfrom[B]suchas[C]regardlessof[D]priorto19.[A]imitation[B]appreciation[C]preservation[D]consumption20.[A]replace[B]seize[C]share[D]reflectPartASectionIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Forthousandsofyears,donkeyshavebeencriticalforpropellinghumancivilizationsforward.They’vehelpedpullwheeledvehicles,carrytravelersandmovegoodsacrosstheworld.Butwhereandwhentheseanimalsfirstbecameintertwinedwithhumanshasbeenamystery.Now,researchershaveusedgenomesofover200donkeystotracetheirdomesticationbacktoasingleeventaround7,000yearsagoinEastAfrica—about3,000yearsbeforehumanstamedhorses.TheteampublishedtheirfindingsinthejournalSciencethismonth.“ThroughtheirDNA,theanimalsaretellingtheirhistorythemselves,”co-authorSamanthaBrooks,anequineresearcherattheUniversityofFlorida,saysinastatement.“Weusuallyonlygetthehuman’ssideofhistorythroughwrittenaccounts,butofcoursewrittenhistorydoesnotalwaysrecordexactlyhowsomethinghappened.LookingattheseDNAsequences,wegetabiologicaltestimonytotheenvironmenttheseanimalslivedinandtheexperiencestheysurvived.”Theresearchersexamined207genomesfrommoderndonkeyslivingin31countriesacrosstheglobe.Theyalsolookedatgenomesfrom15wildequidsand31earlierdonkeysthatlivedbetweenabout4,000and100yearsago.Theteamreconstructedtheanimals’evolutionarytreeandusedcomputermodelstopinpointthedomesticationevent:whenherdersinKenyaandtheHornofAfricatamedwildasses.TheythentracedhowtheanimalsspreadacrosstherestofthecontinentintoEuropeandAsiaabout2,500yearslater.Thoughit’sstillunclearwhytheoriginaldomesticationhappened,ScienceNews’FredaKreierreportsthattheeventcoincidedwiththeSaharagrowinglargeranddrier.“DonkeysarechampionswhenitcomestocarryingstuffandaregoodatgoingatPaulSabindeserts,”co-authorLudovicOrlando,anevolutionarybiologistatPaulSabinUniversityinFrance,tellsthepublication.Prehistorichumansmayhavetameddonkeys’helpnavigatetheexpandingSahara.Researcherssaythesefindingscouldhelpputdonkeysinthespotlight.Theanimalscouldbenefitfrommoreresearch:Currently,therearenopublishedgenomesfromdonkeyslocatedsouthoftheEquatorinAfrica.Butunderstandingwheretheanimalswerefirstdomesticatedcouldguidearchaeologiststoanarrowregiontosearchforinsightsabouttheoriginaltameddonkeys.Notonlydoeshuman-understandingtheequines’geneticmakeuphelprevealtheircontributiontohumanhistory,butitalsomightimprovetheirmanagementinthefuture,asclimatechangealterstheplanet’senvironment,writetheauthors.21.Whatcanbelearnedaboutdonkeysfromparagraph1?[A]Theyseemedmysterioustohumanancestors.[B]Theyunderwentmultipledomesticationevents.[C]Theyweretamedatanearliertimethanhorse[D]Theywerevividlyportrayedbyancienttravelers.22.WhatmessageisconveyedinBrooks’statement?[A]Theearliesthabitatsofdonkeysarehardlytraceable.[B]Itisincreasinglyeasytoreaddonkeys’DNAsequences.[C]Writtenaccountscontainvitalduesfordonkeyresearch.[D]Geneticanalysisoffersinsightintothehistoryofdonkeys23.Intheirstudy,theresearchersinvestigatedhowdonkeys?[A]dispersedwidelyintheworld.[B]survivedwiththehelpofherders.[C]developedcertainbehavioraltraits.[D]adaptedtothechangingenvironment.24.Astowhytheoriginaldomesticationofdonkeyshappened,Orlando?[A]challengesconventionalideas.[B]providesapossibleexplanation.[C]callsforevidencefromtheSahara.[D]holdsadifferentviewfromKreier.25.Theauthorsthinkthattheirresearchcouldhelpwith_.[A]greaterprotectionofwildlife.[B]bettermanagementofdonkeys.[C]recoveringearlytypesofdonkeys.[D]raisingawarenessofclimatechange.Text2There’snobusinesslikeshowbusiness—butinLosAngeles,itfeelslikethere’snobusinessatall.Ifthatsoundsmelodramatic,considerthis:TheArtDirectorsGuild,alaborunionrepresentingabout3,000filmworkers,hassuspendedatrainingprogramandissuedastatementexplainingthat“wecannotingoodconscienceencourageyoutopursueourprofessionisareactiontoHollywood’sdecline,whichisreachingacriticalpointfortheindustryandSouthernCalifornia.”ProductionhasbeenslippingawayfromHollywoodsincethe1950s,buttheeffectshaveneverbeenmoreapparentthanatpresent.OtherregionsintheUnitedStates,CanadaandEuropehavesteadilyincreasedincentivestoattractTVshowsandmovies,leavingCaliforniainthedust.Georgiaoffersupto30%intransferabletaxcreditsonfilmandTVproductioncosts,plusanadditional10%increaseonthebasetaxcreditiftheprojectincludesaGeorgiapromotionallogo.EvenasCalifornialostahugevolumeofproductiontootherlocations,therewasstillplentyoffilmproductiontakingplaceinLosAngelesbeforethisyear.Wewerekeptafloatby“peakTV”,theglutofcontentthatwasrequiredbytheexplosionofstreamingservices.IfproductionsinSouthernCaliforniadipbelowacriticallevelfortoolong,theindustry’sessentialtalentwilldriftawayalongwithenormoussumsofrevenue.Persuadingstudiostofilmherewouldbecomemuchmorechallengingifwecouldn’tafteradeepbenchoflocalfilmworkers,on-screentalentandlocalbusinessesthatsupporttheentertainmentindustry.That’swhytheCaliforniaFilmCommissionanditsLosAngelescounterpart,FilmLA,nowshouldact,beforeit’stoolate.TheseagenciesandothergovernmentbodiesshoulddramaticallyimproveincentivestokeepourcurrentshowsandattractnewproductionstoLosAngeles.Let’sgoonwiththeshow…andmakesuretheshowdoesn’tgoonwithoutus.26.TheArtDirectorsGuild’sstatementreveals____.[A]people’sreducedinterestinfilm.[B]filmworkers’nostalgiaforthepast.[C]theappealofSouthernCalifornia.[D]thegloomysituationofHollywood.27.TheexampleofGeorgiaisusedtoillustratetheeffortsto____.[A]lureproductionwithtaxincentives.[B]driveimprovementsinfilmfacilities.[C]stimulatecompetitionamongstates.[D]collectfundsforfilmandTVmaking.28.PeakTVpasseditspeakas____.[A]streamerslosttheirtechnicaladvantages.[B]streamerschangedtheirstrategicpriorities.[C]subscribersgrewwaryoflargeplatforms.[D]subscriberswereunhappywithnewshows.29.Accordingtoparagraph6,California’sentertainmentindustrymightface____.[A]adeclineinproductquality.[B]ademandforforeigntalent.[C]abraindraintootherplaces.[D]adramaticriseinlaborcosts.30.TheauthorconcludesthetextbyemphasizingthatCaliforniashouldstriveto[A]maintainitspositionintheindustry.[B]attractmoreinvestmentthanithad.[C]pursueahigherstandardofproduction.[D]strengthencoordinationwithotherstates.Text3Thepioneersofwirelesssawitasagifttoallthepeople.SirJohnReithsaidthatitwouldend“isolationofthespirit”andrejoiced:“Itdoesnotmatterhowmanythousandmaybelistening,thereisalwaysenoughforothers…thegeniusandthefool,thewealthyandthepoorlistensimultaneously.”Betweentwogreatwarsthistechnologicalinnovationbuiltanewkindofnationalconsciousness.Openingthisweek,abookandexhibitioncuratedbyBeattyRubensattheBodleianinOxfordrecordshowradiochangedeverydaylifefrom1922to1939.Shedrawsonletters,diariesandfiction,anda1939fieldnotebookofverbatimaudienceresearchbyWinifredGill.There’sfunintestimoniesofpeopleenjoyingthesheernewness.Acartoonmocksagroupfailingtoconversebecausethey’reallinheadphones.Peoplereportthatbroadcastmusicmadeworkmenwhistlenewtunes.Awomansaystherehavebeenfewerstreetfightssincethearrivalofthewirelessbutalsolessstoppingand“talkingonthebrushhandle”.Byandlargethewirelesswaswelcome.IlovedthemanfromtheThirtiesresearchwhofoundthatwirelesssuddenlyoffered“alotofvariety…thingsIthoughtI’dneverbeinterestedin…icehockey,perhaps”.True:formorethan80pre-digitalyears,linearspeechbroadcastingbroughtthegiftofserendipity,randomenliveningofacarjourneyordullmanualtask.InmyownbookaboutradioIrecordedhow,ononedrive:“Icaughtupwiththenews,learntsome17th-centuryhistory,andwasstartlinglyeducatedbyanunpretentiousprogrammeonthehistoryofthestethoscope.”Butradio’senrichingserendipityisebbing.Withmultiplenetworksandcountlesspodcasts,asmartphoneuserselectswhattohearandwhen.Andwhileitiswonderfultotakeawalkwithanythinginyourheadphones,infinitechoiceencouragesustoshrinkintonicheinterestsandsympatheticbeliefs.31.WhatcanbelearntaboutwirelessfromSirJohnReith?[A]Itwasaccessibletoeveryone.[B]Itimprovedinterpersonalrelations.[C]Itwasamiracleofhumaningenuity.[D]Itledtoaneweraofisolatingculture.32.WhatisthethemeoftheexhibitionattheBodleianinOxford?[A]Theimpactofradioonitsearlyaudience.[B]Theroleofradioinpublicmusiceducation.[C]Theinnovationprocessofradiotechnology.[D]Theeminentpioneersinradiobroadcasting.33.ItisindicatedinParagraph4that____.[A]theresearchonradiousedtobeinadequate.[B]thecharmofradioremainsinthedigitalage.[C]radiolistenerscouldmakeunexpectedgains.[D]radioshowshavechangedlittleovertheyears.34.Theexpression“talkingonthebrushhandle”inParagraphs3referstotheactof____.[A]makingaloudnoise.[B]havingacasualchat.[C]startingatrivialquarrel.[D]hummingapopularsong.35.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorintendstoexpresstheopinionthat____.[A]technologyshouldbeaimedatbenefitinghumans.[B]actionsshouldbetakentorevivetheartoflistening.[C]adolescentsshouldformhealthysocialmediahabits.[D]peopleshouldadoptasensibleattitudetoinnovations.Text4WhenTomSwetnamjoinedtheU.S.ForestServiceinthe1970s,hismandatewasto“puteverythingout,”herecalled.ButwhenSwetnamenrolledingraduateschoolattheUniversityofArizona’sLaboratoryofTree-RingResearch,hewassurprisedtofindarecordofrepeatedblazesdatingbackhundredsofyearsbeforeEuropeancolonistsarrivedonthecontinent.Someofthetreesheanalyzedboremorethan20firescarsamongtheirrings.Thefactthatfireshappenedsooftenmeanttheycouldn’thavebeensevereenoughtokillmosttrees.Instead,agrowingbodyofresearchshowedthatfrequent,low-severityfiresmademanyecosystemshealthier.Theyridtheforestofdeadandsicktrees,reducingcompetitionandcurbingthespreadofdisease.Becauseflammablematerialcouldn’tbuilduponthelandscape,blazestendedtomoveslowlyandpeteroutwhentheyreachedthefootprintsofpreviousburns.In2022,Swetnamandotherscientiststeameduptocompileadatabaseoffire-scarredtreesfromacrossthecontinent.TheirNorthAmericantree-ringfire-scarnetwork(NAFSN)providedthebasisforastudypublishedlastmonth.Inthestudy,theresearcherscomparedthehistoricalfirecadencewiththewildfiresrecordedoverthepastfewdecades,anduncoveredastrikingshortfall.TheNAFSNsitesexperiencedlessthanaquarterofthenumberoffiresthatwouldhavebeenexpectedwithoutfiresuppression.Thisdeficitisatestamenttotheeffectivenessofmodernfirefighting,saidKellyMartin,apastpresidentoftheInternationalAssociationofWildlandFire.“Yetthecombinedconsequencesofsuppressionandclimatechangehaveerodedhumanity’sabilitytosuppressfires,particularlythosethatigniteunderthemostdangerousweatherconditions.Toprevententireecosystemsfromgoingupinsmoke,Martinsaid,peoplemustbringhealthyfirebacktoplacesthatneedit.AtYosemiteNationalPark,Martinoversawtheuseofwhatisknownasprescribedburnstomakethelandscapemoreresilient.Thesefireswerecarefullyplannedandintentionallyignitedduringperiodswhenweatherkepttheblazeseasytocontrol,andhelpedeliminatesomeofthefuelthathadbuilduparoundtheimportantpark’sfacilities.Researchshowsthattheseprescribedburnsmakesubsequentwildfireslesssevere,eveniflaterfireshappenunderthemostdangerousweatherconditions.Yetevenasscientistsandpublicofficialsincreasinglyagreeontheneedformorefiresinourforests,climatechangeismakingthistacticmorechallenging,expertssaid.“It’sadouble-edgedswordbecausewildfiresaregettingmoresevereandlargerunderclimatechangeandweneedthisworkevenmore,butthentheworkgetsmorechallenging,”saidSusanPrichard,afireecologistattheUniversityofWashington.36.AccordingtoParagraph1,Swetnamwassurprisedby[A]thescarcityoftree-ringresearchintheU.S.[B]thefirefightingmeasuresinancientEurope.[C]theforestmanagementpracticesinthe1970s.[D]thenumberofwildfiresinprecolonialtimes.37.Paragraph2mainlyfocuseson____.

[A]thecausesofpreviousburns.

[B]thetreatmentofdiseasedtrees.

[C]thebenefitsoflow-severityfires.[D]theimportanceofforestecosystems.38.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutthewildfiresoverthepastfewdecades?____[A]Theirintensityhasvastlyfluctuated.[B]Theirfrequencyhasmarkedlydecreased.[C]Theirthreatshavebeenunderestimated.[D]Theirrecordshavebeenmisinterpreted.39.Whatcanbeinferredaboutmodernfirefighting?[A]Itsworkforceneedsmoretraining.[B]Itseffectivenessisquestionedbythepublic.[C]Itmayrendertraditionaltacticsuseless.[D]Itmaymakeseverefireshardertoputout.40.BothMartinandPrichardwouldagreethat____.[A]itischallengingtopredictlargewildfires[B]itisurgenttoassesstheuseofplannedfires.[C]itisnecessarytointroduceprescribedburns.[D]itisrewardingtodoublefiredetectionefforts.PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions(41)-(45),youarerequiredtorecognizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelist[A]-[G]andfillingthemintothenumberedboxes.Paragraphs[F]and[C]havebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Thenegotiation,betweenyouandit,istheheartofthematter.Whatdoesthepoetseethatyoudon’t?Whatdoesthedifferencemean?Itcouldbeoneofthebestconversationsyoueverhave.Forgetself-helpbooks;readingisself-helpinaction.Andjustreadasinglepoem.InhisOxfordlectures,SeamusHeaneyarguedthatapoemdrawsapictureofreality,a“glimpsedalternative”thatsetsupacontradictionwithyourown,inwayslittleandlarge.[B]Butforthemostpart,thisisn’twhatthebusinesscommunitydoes.Ihaveyettomeetachiefexecutivewhoreadsregularly.Manyskipnewspapers,andmagazinesareastretch.Theydon’thavetime,theysay.It’sinefficient;theycangettheinformationtheyneedfromthosearoundthem.Atapinch,theymightpickupabusinessbookbeforealongflight,inthehopethat,likeacookbook,itwillprovideafoolproofrecipe.SomearedrawntowhatIthinkofas“businesscarcrash”books-thestoriesofTheranos,Purdue,orWeWork.Butoutsidethosenarrowpoolsofinterest,avastoceanawaits,bountifulwithsimmeringideas,mentaladventureandimaginativerefreshment.[C]Neuroscientistshavebeenatpainstodemonstratethatthepleasureabookprovidesisn’tindulgence;it’sgoodforyou.Readingwillkeepyoubetterinformedabouttheworldbutitcanalsoimproveourtech-shatteredabilitytoconcentrate.Standingintheshoesofothersfinetunesoursocialunderstanding,usefulaswestruggletounderstandfriends,neighbours,customersandco-workers.Differentpartsofourbrainengageaswesimulatescenes,charactersandmentalstates.Ourimagination-rememberthat?-isrekindled.[D]ItisundoubtedlytruethatallworkandnoplayreallydoesmakeJack,orJill,dull.Thecureisrightathand,readingischeap,easyand,mostimportant,it’sfun.Liberateyourimaginationthisyear.[E]Wearelivingthroughagoldenageofsciencewriting.Solucidandaccessiblethatevenlayreaderscanrelishtheunpredictabilityofdiscovery.Dauntedbyuncertainty?Standintheshoesofscientistsandwitnessthedegreetowhichbreakthroughsemergefromaccidents,conflictandsheermentalstamina.“Weareneversureofanything,”saysthephysicist(andwriter)CarloRovelli.[F]Youdon’tneedtogetoutmore.If,likemostbusinesspeople,youspendyourlifedashingfromofficetoplane,traintohome,boardroomtowashroom,whatyoureallyneedtodoisstayinmore.Sitdown-andreadabook.[G]Readinghasalsobeenfoundtomakeusmorehelpful,toreducebias,andeventoincreaselongevity—somethingwewillenjoyallthemoreifwehaveagoodbookinourhands.(Andyes,allthesebenefitsaremorecloselyassociatedwithphysicalbooksthandigitalones.)[H]Readfiction.Anyfiction.Freeyourselffromalgorithmsandchoose-anythingyoudon’tneedtechnologyforanimmersiveexperiencejustsurrendertonarrativesacrosstimeandplace.Modern(SebastianBarryorOlgaTokarczuk),classic(VirginiaWoolforJamesBaldwin)orgenre(StephenKing,MargaretAtwood,GeorgesSimenon)-itdoesn’tmatter.Fictioninvitesyoutoloiterintheunseen.Inthelivesofothers.Wearelivingthroughagoldenageoftranslationtoo,soyoucangoanywhereintimeorplace.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Scienceeducationtodayrevolvesaroundtheideaofscientificliteracy–thebase-levelknowledgeaboutsciencethatnonscientistsrequiretoeffectivelygetonintheworld.Thisconcepthasservedasacentralgoalforcurriculumdevelopers,localschoolboards,businessandcommunityleaders,andpolicymakerseversinceitsintroductionnearly80yearsago.Tracingthehistoryoftheterm,wecanseehowthedefinitionofscientificliteracyhasshiftedovertime,muddyingthewaterswhenitcomestodeterminingthegoalsofscienceeducation.Andthat’sashame,becausethereismuchtorecommendintheideaofscientificliteracyasitwasoriginallyarticulatedin1945,atimewhenscienceappearedtobethekeytoprogressandscientistsseeminglyheldthefateoftheworldintheirhands.(47)Areturntothatversionofscientificliteracy,whichfocusedmoreonteachingwhatscienceisandhowitworksandlessonmemorizingscientificfacts,seemslikesomethingsocietytodaydesperatelyneeds.IntheUnitedStates,thedesiretoprovidethepublicwithageneral,nontechnicaleducationinscienceoriginatedasfarbackasthelate1800s.(48)Educatorsadvancedtheideaofhavingstudentscompletedetailedlaboratoryexercisesinhighschoolsinthebeliefthatsuchworkwasbeneficialprimarilyasawaytoenhancelogicalreasoningandobservationalskills.Thedevelopmentin1915ofthepopularnewsubject“generalscience”wasanotherefforttotrainstudentstoapplytheprinciplesofsciencetoeveryday,nonscienceproblems.Althoughtheseeffortswereaimedatthenonscience-boundstudent,theyneverreallymadetheirwayintomainstreamthoughtandpublicdiscourseasameanstorallywidespreadsupportfortheimportanceofscienceteachinginschools.(49)Itwasn’tuntilthephrase“scientificliteracy”camealonginthe1940sthatsciencehadtheformidablesloganitneededtocommandpublicattentionandmakeimprovingscienceeducationanimportantnationalgoal.TheintensefocusonscientificliteracyintheUnitedStatesoriginallygrewoutofthecriticalroleofscienceandtechnologyduringWorldWarII,aswellastheperceiveddeficienciesofAmericansoldiers.Asthewarunfolded,sciencerapidlyassumedacentralrole.Battlesincreasinglydependedonnewmilitarytechnologiessuchasradarandtheproximityfuze.Science-basedanalyticalapproachesprovedremarkablysuccessfulinthehuntforGermansubmarinesintheAtlanticOcean.Andtherewasthe(then-secret)workbuildingtheworld’sfirstatomicbomb.Asaresult,scientists-physicistsinparticular-foundthemselvesinhighdemand.追溯该术语的历史沿革，我们可以看到科学素养的定义如何随时代变迁而演变，这种定义的游移使得界定科学教育的目标变得混沌不清。回归那种更注重传授科学本质与运作原理、而非死记科学事实的科学素养版本，似乎正契合当今社会的迫切需求。教育家们曾倡导在高中阶段让学生完成详尽的实验操作，他们相信这类训练主要能通过提升逻辑推理与观察能力使学生受益。直到20世纪40年代“科学素养”这一概念出现，科学才拥有了能有效吸引公众关注、并将提升科学教育确立为国家重要目标的强有力口号。美国对科学素养的高度重视，最初源于第二次世界大战期间科学技术的关键作用，以及当时感知到的美军士兵的能力缺陷。SectionIIIWritingPartA51.Directions:Readthefollowingemailfromyourfriendpaulandwritehimareply.HiLiMing,IwasreallymovedbytheChinesefamilies’handwrittenlettersyoupostedyesterday.Theyarepriceless!Couldyoupleasetellmeabitmoreaboutthem?Andaretheycurrentlyonpublicdisplaysomewhere?I’mverykeentoseetheminperson.Thanks.Yours,PaulYoushouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownnameintheemail;use“LiMing”instead.(10points)参考范文DearPaul,ThankyouforyouremailregardingChinesefamilies’handwrittenletters.I’mdelightedtointroducethisculturaltreasure.感谢你来信询问关于中国家庭手写家书的事宜。我很乐意为您介绍这一文化瑰宝。Handwrittenlettersareletterswrittenbyfamilymembersusingtraditionalbrushesorpens,oftencontainingheartfeltmessagesaboutdailylifeandvalues.Theyserveastangiblelinkstofamilyhistory,reflectingChinesetraditionslikefilialpietyandunity.Forinstance,eldersoftenwriteletterstoyoungergenerationsduringfestivals,sh