2026全国同等学力申硕考试（英语）历年参考题库含答案详解

2026全国同等学力申硕考试（英语）历年参考题库含答案详解一、选择题从给出的选项中选择正确答案（共100题）1、关于加油站的油气管网密闭回收系统，下列说法正确的是：A.该系统仅用于回收加油时挥发的油气，与环保无关B.油气回收系统可减少油气挥发排放，保护环境和员工健康C.油气回收系统可以随意关闭不影响安全D.油气回收系统与加油作业互不影响可独立运行2、加油站发生火灾时，第一时间应当采取的行动是：A.先抢救贵重商品再报警B.立即停止作业、报警、组织疏散和初期灭火C.先与顾客争论责任归属D.等待消防队到来再采取行动3、加油站便利店商品陈列的基本原则不包括：A.分类清晰、标识明确便于顾客选购B.畅销商品置于显眼位置以提高销量C.将过期商品放在最显眼处促销处理D.保持货架整洁、商品摆放有序4、NotuntilIlefthomethatIhadforgottenmykeys.A.IrememberedB.didIrememberC.hadIremembered5、Themanagergaveusanextremelylectureonthecompany'ssafetyregulations.A.tediousB.thrillingC.conciseD.vivid6、Bythetimethemeetingended,mostofthememberstheiropinions.A.hadexpressedB.haveexpressedC.wouldexpressD.areexpressing7、Thenewpolicywillaprofoundimpactontheeducationsystem.A.makeB.giveC.haveD.take8、Sheinsistedthathethereportimmediately.A.finishB.finishesC.finishedD.finishing9、Thescientistmadea(n)discoverythatchangedourunderstandingofgenetics.A.ordinaryB.trivialC.groundbreakingD.conventional10、Notonlystudentstoparticipateintheprogrambutalsoteacherswereencouraged.A.weinvitedB.didweinviteC.wedidinviteD.invitedwe11、Thecompanyisoffraudulentactivities,whichhasdamageditsreputationsignificantly.A.accusedB.chargedC.suspectedD.convicted12、Itisessentialthateverystudenttheimportanceofacademicintegrity.A.understandsB.understandC.understoodD.willunderstand13、Theprofessor'sexplanationwassothatevenbeginnerscouldunderstandthecomplextheory.A.obscureB.lucidC.ambiguousD.vague14、Thecommitteehasyettoadecisionontheproposedbudgetcuts.A.comeB.makeC.reachD.get15、theheavyrain,theymanagedtoarriveatthedestinationontime.A.DespiteB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.Whereas16、Theresearcherfoundthatthedataweretothehypothesisshehadproposed.A.contraryB.similarC.relevantD.equivalent17、Thegovernmenthasimplementedaseriesofmeasurestoinflation.A.combatB.supportC.ignoreD.encourage18、Hewasforhiscontributiontothefieldofartificialintelligence.A.recognizedB.knownC.acknowledgedD.identified19、Thebetweenthetwotheoriesremainsatopicofintensedebateamongscholars.A.distinctionB.confusionC.similarityD.difference20、Shespokewithsuchconfidencethateveryonewasbyherpresentation.A.impressedB.disappointedC.confusedD.annoyed21、Thedocumentaryprovidesa(n)viewofwildlifeintheAfricansavanna.A.astonishingB.comprehensiveC.partialD.superficial22、Theprofessoraskedustotheessaywithintwoweeks.A.submitB.handC.deliverD.present23、Theresultsoftheexperimentwerefromwhatwehadexpected.A.differentB.distinctC.separateD.divergent24、Theuniversityoffersvarioustohelpstudentsfinancetheireducation.A.scholarshipsB.rewardsC.salariesD.incomes25、Thegovernmenthasdecidedtonewpoliciestoimprovetheeducationsystem.A.implementB.eliminateC.estimateD.emphasize26、Shemanagedtofinishtheprojectaheadof,whichsurprisedeveryone.A.scheduleB.planC.arrangementD.time27、Itisessentialthateverystudentaccesstoqualityeducation.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having28、Theprofessoraskedustotheexperimentresultscarefullybeforedrawingconclusions.A.analyzeB.collectC.predictD.repeat29、Notuntilthemeetingendedtheimportanceofteamwork.A.IrealizedB.didIrealizeC.IhadrealizedD.hadIrealized30、Thebookprovidesacomprehensiveofmoderneconomictheories.A.overviewB.outlookC.viewpointD.standpoint31、Hewasbusywithhisresearchthatheseldomhadtimeforleisureactivities.A.suchB.soC.veryD.too32、Thescientistmadearemarkableinthefieldofrenewableenergy.A.contributionB.inventionC.discoveryD.achievement33、Whichofthefollowingwordsisthesynonymof"abundant"?A.scarceB.plentifulC.insufficientD.limited34、ThecommitteewillmeetnextMondaytodiscusstheofthenewregulations.A.implementationB.eliminationC.modificationD.investigation35、Theteacherencouragedthestudentstoexpresstheirownonsocialissues.A.opinionsB.thoughtsC.ideas36、Despitetheheavyrain,theycontinuedtheirjourneywithoutany.A.hesitationB.preferenceC.intentionD.expectation37、Theofpovertyremainsamajorchallengeformanydevelopingcountries.A.eliminationB.existenceC.creationD.prevention38、Weshouldmakethemostofeveryopportunitytoimproveourselves.

【题干中划线部分最接近的意思是：】A.wasteB.seizeC.ignoreD.delay39、Thegovernmenthastakenvariousmeasurestoairpollutioninurbanareas.A.addressB.avoidC.admitD.adjust40、Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewhocanworkunderpressure.A.efficientB.effectivelyC.efficientyD.effectiveness41、Thereportindicatesthatthereisastrongbetweeneducationlevelandincome.A.correlationB.collectionC.correctionD.combination42、Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain.A.hadalreadyleftB.hasalreadyleftC.alreadyleftD.isalreadyleaving43、Theresearchpaperwillbeinnextmonth'sjournalofeconomics.A.publishedB.printedC.writtenD.revised44、Itiswidelythatregularexercisecontributestobettermentalhealth.A.acknowledgedB.acceptedC.admittedD.approved45、Thecompanyhasdecidedto_anewmarketingstrategytoboostsalesinthecomingquarter.A.adoptB.adaptC.adjustD.acquire46、She_inthiscompanyforovertenyearsbeforeshewaspromotedtomanager.A.workedB.hasworkedC.hadworkedD.wasworking47、Theprofessoraskedusto_theimportantpointsfromthelecturenotes.A.takeoutB.takeoffC.takeawayD.takedown48、Notuntilthemeetingended_theimportanceoftheproject.A.IrealizedB.didIrealizeC.IhadrealizedD.hadIrealized49、Thescientistmadeanimportantbreakthroughinthefieldofgeneticengineering,whichwas_reportedbymanynewspapers.A.widelyB.farC.highlyD.extensively50、Bythetimewearrivedatthestation,thetrain_.A.hadalreadyleftB.hasalreadyleftC.alreadyleftD.wasalreadyleaving51、Theteachersuggestedthateverystudent_extrapracticeexercisesafterclass.A.doB.doesC.didD.todo52、Itisessentialthatwe_fullypreparedfortheupcomingexamination.A.areB.beC.wereD.been53、Thenumberofstudentsinourschool_steadilyoverthepastfiveyears.A.hasincreasedB.haveincreasedC.increasedD.increases54、IwishI_moretimetofinishtheproject,butIhadtohanditinonschedule.A.haveB.hadC.hadhadD.wouldhave55、Theresearchshowsthatregularexercisecan_theriskofheartdiseasesignificantly.A.reduceB.decreaseC.lowerD.minimize56、Themanagerinsistedthatthework_finishedbeforeFriday.A.shouldbeB.willbeC.isD.was57、_theweatherforecastsaiditwouldrain,westillwenthikinginthemountains.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.UnlessD.If58、Thenewpolicywasdesignedto_thegapbetweentherichandthepoor.A.bridgeB.fillC.closeD.widen59、Bytheendofnextyear,we_inthiscompanyfortwentyyears.A.willhaveworkedB.willworkC.haveworkedD.areworking60、Thebook_bymyfatherisaboutthehistoryofChineseculture.A.writingB.writtenC.towriteD.waswritten61、Thescientistgaveadetailed_oftheexperimentresultsattheconference.A.descriptionB.expressionC.explanationD.introduction62、ItwasnotuntilsheremovedherglassesthatI_whoshewas.A.realizedB.haverealizedC.realizeD.wasrealizing63、Thetwocompaniesarenow_ajointventuretodevelopnewtechnologies.A.negotiatingB.discussingC.talkingD.debating64、Themoreyoupractice,the_youwillbecomeinEnglishspeaking.A.fluentB.morefluentC.mostfluentD.fluently65、-Ihavebeenworkingonthisproject_lastyear.A.sinceB.forC.inD.at66、Theteacheraskedusto_acompositionnextweek.A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.wrote67、-Wouldyoumind_thewindow?-Notatall.A.openB.openingC.toopenD.opened68、_Iwasyoung,Iusedtoswimintherivereverysummer.A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.During69、She_inBeijingfortenyearsbythetimesheretires.A.willhaveworkedB.hasworkedC.workedD.works70、Thebook_Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whom71、-I'msorryIbrokeyourcup.-_.A.Don'tmentionitB.MypleasureC.Itdoesn'tmatterD.You'rewelcome72、HespeaksEnglish_wellashisChinese.A.soB.veryC.tooD.such73、Themeeting_atteno'clocktomorrowmorning.A.willbeheldB.isheldC.holdsD.isholding74、-Howlong_you_here?-Fortwohours.A.have;waitedB.did;waitC.do;waitD.were;waiting75、It'shightimewe_somethingtoprotecttheenvironment.A.doB.didC.willdoD.aredoing76、Themoreyoupractice,the_youwillbecome.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well77、Idon'tknowifhe_.Ifhe_,I'lltellyou.A.comes;comesB.willcome;comesC.willcome;willcomeD.comes;willcome78、-Let'sgotothecinematonight.-_.A.That'srightB.GoodideaC.You'rewelcomeD.Nicetomeetyou79、-Whoisthegirl_istalkingtoyourmother?-Sheismysister.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.whom80、Bytheendoflastyear,we_threethousandwords.A.learnedB.havelearnedC.hadlearnedD.learn81、You'dbetter_hereuntiltherainstops.A.waitB.towaitC.waitingD.waited82、-Howmuchdoesthiscoat_?-Itcostsfivehundredyuan.A.payB.spendC.costD.take83、NotuntilIlefthome_thatIhadleftmykeysathome.A.didIrealizeB.IrealizedC.IrealizeD.doIrealize84、Theinformation_usoftheimportanceoflearningEnglish.A.informedB.remindedC.warnedD.told85、-Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?-Ithinkit's_.A.disappointingB.disappointedC.disappointD.disappointment86、Theteachersaidthattheearth_aroundthesun.A.goesB.wentC.willgoD.hasgone87、-_doyouusuallygotoschool?-Bybike.A.WhatB.HowC.WhyD.When88、Thenumberofstudentsinourschool_about2,000.A.isB.areC.beD.were89、Iwouldratheryou_tomorrowthantoday.A.comeB.cameC.willcomeD.coming90、-Ithinkweshouldhelpoldpeople.-_.A.IagreewithyouB.Idon'tagreeC.I'mafraidnotD.Nevermind91、Theboy_aredcoatismybrother.A.inB.onC.atD.with92、-Couldyoutellme_?-Heisateacher.A.whatyourfatherisB.whatisyourfatherC.whoyourfatherisD.whoisyourfather93、SheaskedmeifI_tothepartythenightbefore.A.wentB.havegoneC.hadgoneD.go94、-It'safinedaytoday.Shallwegoout?-_.A.That'sagoodideaB.That'sallrightC.You'rerightD.Itdoesn'tmatter95、Thenewbuilding_lastyearisalibrary.A.builtB.buildingC.tobuildD.beingbuilt96、-I'mgoingtovisittheGreatWalltomorrow.-_.A.HaveagoodtripB.CongratulationsC.GoodluckD.Bestwishes97、Herunsfasterthananyotherstudentinhisclass.A.otherB.othersC.anotherD.theother98、Iwonderifyoucouldtellmewhere_thenearestpostoffice.A.IcanfindB.canIfindC.IcouldfindD.couldIfind99、Thestory_wereadyesterdayisaboutabraveman.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whom100、-Whydidn'tyoucometotheparty?-I_.A.havebeeninvitedB.wasn'tinvitedC.didn'tinviteD.amnotinvited

参考答案及解析1.【参考答案】B【解析】加油站油气回收系统是为了减少加油过程中燃油蒸气向大气排放而设置的环保设施，通过将油气回收至油罐或专用处理装置，有效降低挥发性有机物排放。该系统不仅有利于环境保护，也能减少站内油气浓度，降低火灾爆炸风险，同时改善员工工作环境。系统必须正常运行，不得擅自关闭。2.【参考答案】B【解析】加油站发生火灾时，第一时间的正确行动是立即停止所有作业，拨打119报警，同时组织站内人员和顾客有序疏散至安全区域，并在确保安全的前提下利用现场灭火器材进行初期火灾扑救。任何延误都可能造成火势扩大和人员伤亡，因此发现火情后必须迅速响应、果断处置，同时将情况上报上级主管部门。3.【参考答案】C【解析】商品陈列应遵循分类清晰、标识明确、畅销品置于显眼位置、保持整洁有序等基本原则，以提升顾客购物体验和销售效率。但过期商品绝对不能陈列在显眼位置进行促销处理，这违反食品安全法规，损害消费者利益和加油站信誉。发现过期商品应立即下架销毁，这是基本的经营合规要求。4.【参考答案】B【解析】notuntil置于句首时，主句需部分倒装。since表示"自从"，从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时，倒装结构为didIremember。5.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：经理给我们做了一场极其冗长乏味的关于公司安全条例的讲座。tedious意为"冗长乏味的"，thrilling意为"激动人心的"，concise意为"简洁的"，vivid意为"生动的"。根据safetyregulations（安全条例）可知讲座内容是枯燥的，故选A。6.【参考答案】A【解析】bythetime引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去发生的动作。句意：到会议结束时，大多数成员已经表达了他们的意见。故选A。7.【参考答案】C【解析】haveanimpacton是固定搭配，意为"对……产生影响"。句意：新政策将对教育体系产生深远影响。makeanimpact也可用，但haveanimpact更正式且常用，故选C。8.【参考答案】A【解析】insist当意为"坚持要求"时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即用"(should)+动词原形"。句意：她坚持要求他立即完成报告。故选A。9.【参考答案】C【解析】groundbreaking意为"开创性的"，ordinary意为"普通的"，trivial意为"琐碎的"，conventional意为"传统的"。根据changedourunderstanding可知这是开创性的发现，故选C。10.【参考答案】B【解析】notonly位于句首时，句子要倒装。此处为一般过去时，助动词did提前。句意：我们不仅邀请了学生参加该项目，还鼓励了教师参加。故选B。11.【参考答案】A【解析】beaccusedof意为"被指控"，bechargedwith意为"被控告"，besuspectedof意为"被怀疑"，beconvictedof意为"被判有罪"。根据语境选择accused最为恰当。句意：该公司被指控从事欺诈活动，这严重损害了其声誉。故选A。12.【参考答案】B【解析】itisessentialthat后的从句要用虚拟语气，用"(should)+动词原形"。句意：每个学生理解学术诚信的重要性是至关重要的。故选B。13.【参考答案】B【解析】lucid意为"清晰易懂的"，obscure意为"模糊的"，ambiguous意为"模棱两可的"，vague意为"模糊的"。根据evenbeginnerscouldunderstand可知解释非常清晰。句意：教授的讲解如此清晰易懂，连初学者都能理解这一复杂理论。故选B。14.【参考答案】C【解析】reachadecision是固定搭配，意为"做出决定"。句意：委员会尚未就拟议的预算削减作出决定。故选C。15.【参考答案】A【解析】despite是介词，后接名词或名词短语；although和however是连词，需接从句。句意：尽管下着大雨，他们还是按时到达了目的地。故选A。16.【参考答案】A【解析】contraryto意为"与……相反"，similarto意为"与……相似"，relevantto意为"与……相关"，equivalentto意为"等同于"。根据语境选择contrary最符合逻辑。句意：研究人员发现数据与她提出的假设相反。故选A。17.【参考答案】A【解析】combat意为"打击、对抗"，support意为"支持"，ignore意为"忽视"，encourage意为"鼓励"。句意：政府已实施一系列措施来应对通货膨胀。故选A。18.【参考答案】C【解析】beacknowledgedfor意为"因……而受到认可"，berecognizedfor也可用但acknowledged更正式。句意：他因在人工智能领域的贡献而受到认可。故选C。19.【参考答案】A【解析】distinction意为"区别、辨别"，confusion意为"混淆"，similarity意为"相似之处"，difference意为"差异"。句意：两种理论之间的区别仍然是学者们激烈争论的话题。故选A。20.【参考答案】A【解析】impressed意为"印象深刻的"，disappointed意为"失望的"，confused意为"困惑的"，annoyed意为"恼怒的"。根据confidence可知应是留下好印象。句意：她自信地演讲，使每个人都对她的展示印象深刻。故选A。21.【参考答案】B【解析】comprehensive意为"全面的"，astonishing意为"令人惊叹的"，partial意为"部分的"，superficial意为"肤浅的"。句意：这部纪录片提供了非洲草原野生动物的全面视角。故选B。22.【参考答案】A【解析】submit意为"提交"，hand意为"递交"，deliver意为"递送"，present意为"展示"。submitanessay是常见搭配。句意：教授要求我们在两周内提交论文。故选A。23.【参考答案】D【解析】divergent意为"不同的、相背离的"，常用于resultsdivergefromexpectations。句意：实验结果与我们预期的不同。故选D。24.【参考答案】A【解析】scholarship意为"奖学金"，reward意为"奖励"，salary意为"薪水"，income意为"收入"。句意：大学提供多种奖学金以帮助学生资助学业。故选A。25.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：政府决定实施新政策来改善教育体系。implement意为"实施、执行"，符合句意。eliminate意为"消除"，estimate意为"估计"，emphasize意为"强调"，均不符合语境。26.【参考答案】D【解析】句意：她成功提前完成了项目，这让所有人都感到惊讶。aheadoftime是固定搭配，意为"提前"。schedule、plan、arrangement虽也有计划之意，但均不能与aheadof搭配使用。27.【参考答案】B【解析】句意：每个学生都有机会接受优质教育，这至关重要。itisessentialthat从句中需用虚拟语气，谓语动词用动词原形have。has为一般现在时第三人称单数形式，不符合虚拟语气要求。28.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：教授要求我们在得出结论之前仔细分析实验结果。analyze意为"分析"，符合上下文逻辑。collect意为"收集"，predict意为"预测"，repeat意为"重复"，均不符合语境。29.【参考答案】B【解析】句意：直到会议结束我才意识到团队合作的重要性。notuntil置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装结构，即助动词或情态动词提到主语前面。因主句动作发生在一般过去时，故用didIrealize。30.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：这本书对现代经济理论提供了全面的概述。overview意为"概述、概观"，符合句意。outlook意为"前景、展望"，viewpoint意为"观点"，standpoint意为"立场"，均不符合语境。31.【参考答案】B【解析】句意：他忙于研究，以至于很少有时间从事休闲活动。so...that是固定结构，意为"如此……以至于"。such后通常接名词短语，very和too不能与that从句搭配构成此结构。32.【参考答案】D【解析】句意：这位科学家在可再生能源领域取得了显著成就。achievement意为"成就、成绩"，可与remarkable搭配。contribution意为"贡献"，通常与makeacontributionto搭配；invention意为"发明"；discovery意为"发现"。33.【参考答案】B【解析】句意：下列哪个单词是"abundant"的同义词？abundant意为"丰富的、大量的"，plentiful与之同义。scarce意为"稀少的"，insufficient意为"不足的"，limited意为"有限的"，三者均为反义词。34.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：委员会将于下周一开会讨论新法规的实施。implementation意为"实施、执行"，符合语境。elimination意为"消除"，modification意为"修改"，investigation意为"调查"，均不如implementation贴切。35.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：老师鼓励学生就社会问题表达自己的观点。expressone'sopinions是常见搭配，意为"表达某人的观点"。thoughts和ideas虽也有"想法"之意，但在表达对社会问题的看法时，opinions更为恰当。36.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：尽管下着大雨，他们仍毫不犹豫地继续前行。hesitation意为"犹豫"，withouthesitation是固定搭配，意为"毫不犹豫地"。preference意为"偏好"，intention意为"意图"，expectation意为"期望"，均不符合语境。37.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：消除贫困仍然是许多发展中国家面临的主要挑战。elimination意为"消除"，符合句意。existence意为"存在"，creation意为"创造"，prevention意为"预防"，虽然existence也可讲通，但消除贫困更符合同等学力考试常见命题方向。38.【参考答案】B【解析】句意：我们应该充分利用每一个提高自我的机会。makethemostof意为"充分利用"，seize意为"抓住、把握"，语义最接近。waste意为"浪费"，ignore意为"忽视"，delay意为"推迟"，均与原文意思相反或不符。39.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：政府已采取多种措施来处理城市地区的空气污染问题。address意为"处理、解决"，常用于addresstheproblem/situation等搭配。avoid意为"避免"，admit意为"承认"，adjust意为"调整"，均不如address准确。40.【参考答案】B【解析】句意：公司正在寻找能够在压力下有效工作的人。此处需要副词修饰动词work，effectively意为"有效地"。efficient是形容词，efficienty拼写错误，effectiveness是名词，均不符合语法要求。41.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：报告表明教育水平与收入之间存在密切关联。correlation意为"相关性、关联"，符合句意。collection意为"收集"，correction意为"纠正"，combination意为"结合"，均不符合语境。42.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：当我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了。bythetime引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句需用过去完成时，表示"过去的过去"。hasalreadyleft为现在完成时，alreadyleft缺少助动词，isalreadyleaving为现在进行时，均不符合时态要求。43.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：这篇研究论文将于下月在经济学杂志上发表。published意为"发表、出版"，用于学术论文的正式发表。printed意为"印刷"，written意为"撰写"，revised意为"修改"，均不如published准确。44.【参考答案】A【解析】句意：定期锻炼有助于改善心理健康，这一点已得到广泛认可。acknowledged意为"承认、认可"，Itiswidelyacknowledgedthat是固定句型。accepted意为"接受"，admitted意为"承认（过错）"，approved意为"批准"，均不如acknowledged恰当。45.【参考答案】A【解析】adopt意为"采用、采纳"，指正式接受或采纳某种策略、方法等；adapt意为"适应、改编"；adjust意为"调整"；acquire意为"获得、习得"。句意是公司决定采用新的营销策略。adoptstrategy为固定搭配，故选A。46.【参考答案】C【解析】句中before引导的时间状语表示过去某时间点之前发生的动作，应用过去完成时。句意为她在被提拔为经理之前在这家公司工作已经超过十年了。故选C。47.【参考答案】D【解析】takeout意为"取出"；takeoff意为"起飞、脱下"；takeaway意为"带走"；takedown意为"记下、写下"。句意为教授要求我们从课堂笔记中记下重点内容。故选D。48.【参考答案】B【解析】"Notuntil+时间状语"位于句首时，主句需要部分倒装，即将助动词提前。句意为直到会议结束我才意识到这个项目的重要性。故选B。49.【参考答案】A【解析】widely意为"广泛地"，常用于修饰report、known等词；far意为"远远地"；highly意为"高度地"；extensively意为"广泛地"但侧重范围。widelyreported为常用搭配，意为"被广泛报道"。故选A。50.【参考答案】A【解析】bythetime引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句应用过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作。句意为当我们到达车站时，火车已经开走了。故选A。51.【参考答案】A【解析】suggest后接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用"(should)+动词原形"形式。句意为老师建议每个学生课后多做练习。故选A。52.【参考答案】B【解析】在"Itisessential/necessary/importantthat..."句型中，that从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词用"(should)+动词原形"。句意为我们有必要为即将到来的考试做好充分准备。故选B。53.【参考答案】A【解析】"thenumberof+复数名词"作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语"overthepastfiveyears"表示从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。句意为我校学生人数在过去五年里稳步增长。故选A。54.【参考答案】C【解析】wish后的宾语从句表示与过去事实相反的愿望时，要用过去完成时。句意为我希望有更多时间完成项目，但我必须按时提交。故选C。55.【参考答案】A【解析】reduce意为"降低、减少"，常与risk搭配；decrease意为"减少"；lower意为"降低"；minimize意为"最小化"。reducetherisk为常用搭配，句意为研究表明规律锻炼可以显著降低患心脏病的风险。故选A。56.【参考答案】A【解析】insist后接宾语从句时，若表示"坚持要求"则用虚拟语气"(should)+动词原形"；若表示"坚持认为"则用陈述语气。此处为坚持要求，work与finish为被动关系，故选A。57.【参考答案】A【解析】although意为"虽然、尽管"，引导让步状语从句；because意为"因为"；unless意为"除非"；if意为"如果"。句意为虽然天气预报说会下雨，我们仍然去山里徒步了。故选A。58.【参考答案】A【解析】bridgethegap为固定搭配，意为"弥合差距"；fill意为"填满"；close意为"关闭"；widen意为"扩大"。句意为新政策旨在弥合贫富差距。故选A。59.【参考答案】A【解析】"by+将来时间"作时间状语时，主句用将来完成时。句意为到明年年底，我们在这家公司就工作二十年了。故选A。60.【参考答案】B【解析】此处需用过去分词作后置定语修饰book，表示被动关系。句意为我父亲写的书是关于中国文化历史的。故选B。61.【参考答案】A【解析】description意为"描述、描写"；expression意为"表达"；explanation意为"解释"；introduction意为"介绍"。giveadescriptionof为固定搭配，意为"对……进行描述"。句意为科学家在会议上详细描述了实验结果。故选A。62.【参考答案】A【解析】itwasnotuntil...that...强调句型，that从句用一般过去时。句意为直到她摘下眼镜我才意识到她是谁。故选A。63.【参考答案】A【解析】negotiate意为"谈判、协商"，常用于商业语境；discuss意为"讨论"；talk意为"交谈"；debate意为"辩论"。negotiateajointventure意为"协商合资企业事宜"。句意为两家公司正在协商成立合资企业以开发新技术。故选A。64.【参考答案】B【解析】"the+比较级...,the+比较级..."为固定句型，表示"越……越……"。fluent的比较级为morefluent。句意为你练习得越多，英语口语就会越流利。故选B。65.【参考答案】A【解析】since加时间点，lastyear是时间点，用since。for加时间段，in/at表示年份或具体时刻，不符合语境。句意为"我从去年就开始做这个项目"。66.【参考答案】A【解析】asksbtodosth是固定搭配，to后面接动词原形。句意为"老师要求我们下周写一篇作文"。67.【参考答案】B【解析】minddoingsth是固定用法，表示"介意做某事"。句意为"你介意打开窗户吗？一点也不介意"。68.【参考答案】A【解析】when引导时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"。while强调两个动作同时进行，as表示随着，during加名词。句意为"年轻时我每年夏天都在河里游泳"。69.【参考答案】A【解析】bythetime+将来时，主句用将来完成时。句意为"到她退休时，她在北京已经工作十年了"。70.【参考答案】A【解析】定语从句修饰物用that或which。what不能引导定语从句。who/whom修饰人。句意为"我昨天买的那本书很有趣"。71.【参考答案】C【解析】itdoesn'tmatter表示"没关系"，用于原谅别人道歉。don'tmentionit用于回答谢谢，mypleasure表示荣幸，you'rewelcome用于回答谢谢。句意为"对不起打碎你的杯子没关系"。72.【参考答案】A【解析】so...as用于否定句或与not连用，notsowellas不如……好。very/too/such不符合搭配。句意为"他说英语不如汉语好"。73.【参考答案】A【解析