22-选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists

选择性必修第二册Unit

1

Science

and

Scientists01要点总览02分类背诵03重难突破04随堂检测05写作培优Part

Ⅰ

要点总览Part

Ⅱ

分类背诵1.cholera

n．霍乱2.diarrhoea

n．腹泻3.dehydration

n．脱水4.contradictory

adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的5.germ

n．微生物；细菌；病菌6.pump

n．泵；抽水机；打气筒7.water

pump水泵8.household

n．一家人；家庭；同住一所（套）房子的人9.raw

adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的10.statistic

n．［pl.-s］

统计数字；统计资料；统计学#1011.epidemiology

n．流行病学12.microscope

n．显微镜13.protein

n．蛋白质14.cell

n．细胞；小房间；单间牢房15.virus

n．病毒16.vaccine

n．疫苗17.framework

n．框架；结构18.theoretical

framework

理论框架19.rainbow

n．彩虹#1920.plasma

n．血浆21.aerospace

n．航空航天工业22.patriotic

adj.爱国的23.mechanical

adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的24.mechanic

n．机械师；机械修理工25.aviation

n．航空制造业；航空；飞行26.jet

n．喷气式飞机27.missile

n．导弹28.astronomer

n．天文学家29.astronomy

n．天文学#291._______adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的2.__________adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的3._________n．减少；降低；减少量

vt.&

vi.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低4.________n．思想；思维；见解5.________n．发现；调查结果；（法律）判决6.______adj.最初的；开始的；第一的7._____vt.（cast，cast）投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷severesubstantialdecreasethinkingfindinginitialcast8.________n．阴影；影子；背光处9._____vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）10.__________n．领导；领导地位；领导才能11.___________adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的12.________n．概念；观念13.________

prep.除……之外（还）

adv.而且；此外14.________adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的15.___________

adv.此外；再者shadowpourleadershipoutstandingconceptbesidesbrilliantfurthermore16._____n．弱点；过错17.______adj.

生动的；鲜明的；丰富的18.________vt.&

vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任

n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象19._______vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责

n．责备；指责20._____n．联系；纽带

vt.把……连接起来；相关联faultvividsuspectblamelink【一词多义&熟词生义】21._____n．改变；转换；轮班

vi.&

vt.转移；挪动；转向22._______n．把手；拉手；柄

vt.处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等）；（用手）触，拿23.______adj.固体的；可靠的；坚实的n．固体24.________n．混凝土

adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的

25.________adj.抽象的；理论上的

n．（文献等的）摘要26.______vt.追溯；追踪；查出

n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹shifthandlesolidconcreteabstracttrace1.frustrated

adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate

vt.使懊恼；使沮丧→frustration

n．沮丧；懊恼；挫败2.infection

n．感染；传染→infect

vt.使感染；传染→infectious

adj.感染的；传染的3.proof

n．证据；证明；检验→prove

vt.证明

link

v．证明是4.subscribe

vi.认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费）→subscription

n.订购→subscriber

n.订购者5.multiple

adj.数量多的；多种多样的→multiply

vi.&

vt.乘；成倍增加；（使）繁殖6.intervention

n．介入；出面；干涉→intervene

vi.干扰；介入7.pure

adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purely

adv.完全地；纯粹地→purify

vt.净化；使……洁净；提纯8.transform

vt.

使改观；使改变形态

vi.

改变；转变→transformation

n.改观；转变9.defend

vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defence

n．防御；保卫；保护10.assistant

n．助理；助手→assist

vt.&

vi.帮助；协助→assistance

n．帮助；协助；援助11.gifted

adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift

n．礼物；天赋

1.________________

最终地；彻底地2.____________同意；赞同3._________幸亏；由于4.__________（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发5.____________主管；掌管；负责6.________________患（病）；染上（小病）7._________最重要的是；尤其是once

and

for

allsubscribe

tothanks

tobreak

outin

charge

ofcome

down

withabove

all【词块拓展】8.___________死于9.________及时；经过一段时间后；迟早10.__________________可能做某事die

from/ofin

timebe

likely

to

do

sthHe

discovered

that

in

two

particular

streets

the

cholera

outbreak

was

so

severe

that

more

than

500

people

died

in

ten

days.他发现，在两条特定的街道上，霍乱爆发得非常严重，在十天内就有500多人死亡。2.have…

done结构Accordingly,

he

had

the

handle

of

the

pump

removed

so

that

it

could

not

be

used.因此，他让人把水泵的把手卸了下来，这样水泵就用不成了。#831.so…

that…引导结果状语从句#803.表语从句One

theory

was

that

bad

air

caused

the

disease.一种看法是这种疾病是由空气污染引起的。4.否定词+比较级Perhaps

no

other

scientist

has

had

a

greater

impact

on

China’s

aerospace

science

than

Qian

Xuesen.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。#871.astronomy

n.________2.household

n.___________________________________3.raw

adj._____________________________4.statistic

n._________________________5.protein

n.________6.cell

n._____________________7.virus

n.______8.framework

n.__________9.patriotic

adj.________天文学一家人;家庭;同住一所（套）房子的人未煮的;生的;未经处理的;原始的统计数字;统计资料;统计学蛋白质细胞;小房间;单间牢房病毒框架;结构爱国的1._______

adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的2.________vt.&

vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任

n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象3._______vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责

n.责备；指责4.__________adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的5._________n.减少；降低；减少量

vt.&

vi.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低6._____vt.（cast，

cast）投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷7.________n.阴影；影子；背光处severesuspectblamesubstantialdecreasecastshadow8.__________

n.领导；领导地位；领导才能9.______vt.追溯；追踪；查出

n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹10.___________adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的11.________adj.抽象的；理论上的

n.（文献等的）摘要12.________adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的13._____n.改变；转换；轮班

vi.&

vt.转移；挪动；转向14.______adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的leadershiptraceoutstandingabstractbrilliantshiftvivid15._____

n.联系；纽带

vt.把……连接起来；相关联16._______n.把手；拉手；柄

vt.处理；搬动；操纵（车辆、动物、工具等）；（用手）触；拿17.______adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的

n.固体18.________n.混凝土

adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的linkhandlesolidconcrete1._________

n.感染；传染→______

vt.使感染；传染→__________

adj.感染的；传染的2._________vi.认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费）→___________n.订购

→__________n.订购者3.________adj.数量多的；多种多样的→________vi.&

vt.乘；成倍增加；（使）繁殖infectioninfectinfectioussubscribesubscriptionsubscribermultiplemultiply4.___________

n.介入；出面；干涉→_________

vi.干扰；介入interventionintervene1.________________

最终地；彻底地2.____________同意；赞同3._________幸亏；由于4.__________（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发5.____________主管；掌管；负责6.________________患（病）；染上（小病）7._________最重要的是；尤其是once

and

for

allsubscribe

tothanks

tobreak

outin

charge

ofcome

down

withabove

all1.The

continuous

technical

issues

I

encountered

during

the

project

were

__________,

leaving

me

feeling

_________

and

full

of

__________.

（frustrate）frustratingfrustratedfrustration2.The

teacher

explained

many

_______

（proof）

to

help

us

understand

maths

concepts

better.3.The______（gift）

musician,

renowned

for

her

exceptional

talent,

performed

a

breathtaking

piano

solo

at

the

concert.4.The

water

filter

can

effectively_______the

water,

ensuring

its

_______for

drinking.（pure）proofsgiftedpurifypurity5.The

artist’s

work

showcases

a

remarkable

_____________（transform）

of

ordinary

objects

into

masterpieces.6.The

strong________（defend）

of

the

team

kept

them

in

the

lead

throughout

the

game.7.My

digital________（assist）

reminds

me

of

upcoming

deadlines

and

appointments.transformationdefenceassistant

As

students

faced

severe

academic

pressure

nearing

exam

season,

grades

1.______

（begin）

to

decrease,

casting

a

shadow

of

doubt

over

their

abilities.

Many

suspected

2.___________

（they）,

while

others

blamed

external

factors.

However,

the

school’s

leadership

team

in

charge

recognised

the

need

3.____

a

shift

in

approach

to

solve

the

problem

once

and

for

all.

Besides

encouraging

hard

work,

they

subscribed

to

a

brilliant

stress

management

workshop,

led

by

4.____

outstanding

guest

beganthemselvesforanspeaker.

The

vivid

presentation

traced

the

roots

of

stress

and

offered

5._________

（practice）

solutions,

enabling

students

to

take

control

of

their

mental

health.

Thanks

to

these

efforts,

students

poured

their

energy

into

productive

studying,

rather

than

giving

in

to

anxiety.

6._______

（fault）

in

study

habits

were

traced

and

corrected,

and

a

sense

of

friendship

flourished.

Above

all,

the

leadership’s

approach

showed

that

caring

for

one’s

mental

health

is

just

7.___

important

as

academic

excellence.practicalFaultsas

Furthermore,

the

experience

taught

students

that

when

8.______

（face）

with

challenges,

it’s

crucial

9._________

（come）

together,

support

each

other,

and

find

solutions

rather

than

blame.

It

was

a

lesson

that

went

beyond

textbooks,

10.________

（make）

valuable

life

skills

staying

with

them

long

after

graduation.#1.3facedto

comemaking1.这位科学家的发现是如此具有突破性，以至于它为一种之前无法治愈的疾病提供了治疗方法，并挽救了世界各地无数人的生命。（so…

that…引导结果状语从句）_______________________________________________it

provided

a

cure

for

a

previously

incurable

disease

and

saved

countless

lives

around

the

world.The

scientist’s

discovery

was

so

groundbreaking

that2.我请了一个专业的机械工修理了我的车，以确保它在路上行驶顺畅。（have…

done结构）_____________________

by

a

professional

mechanic

to

ensure

it

runs

smoothly

on

the

road.I

had

my

car

repaired3.真正的担忧在于，该病毒已被证明具有高度传染性。（表语从句）The

real

concern

is

__________________________________________________.

that

the

virus

has

been

proven

to

be

highly

infectious4.我从来没有尝过比昨晚那家餐馆的甜点更美味的甜点了。（否定词+比较级）________________________________________than

the

one

I

had

at

that

restaurant

last

night.I

have

never

tasted

a

more

delicious

dessertPart

Ⅲ

重难突破1.blame

vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责

n．责备；指责blame

sb

for

（doing）

sth

因（做）某事责备某人blame

sth

on

sb

把某事归咎于某人be

to

blame

（for

sth）

（对坏事）负有责任put/lay

the

blame

for

sth

on

sb

把某事归咎于某人take/get

the

blame

for

sth

对某事承担责任【

链接高考】（1）[2024全国新课标Ⅰ

听力改编]

I

see

what

you

mean.

These

days

you

can

see

traffic

jams

around

schools

at

drop-off

and

pick-up

times.

But

it’s

hard

_________（blame）

the

parents.

They

have

good

reasons

for

driving

their

kids

to

school,

mostly

to

do

with

safety

and

convenience.to

blame（2）[2021全国甲

完形改编]

It’s

the

seaside

birds

that

deserve

at

least

part

of

the

blame

____

getting

Nick

Burchill

blacklisted

at

the

Fairmont

Empress

Hotel

in

Victoria,

Canada.for【

链接写作】（3）不要总是把失败归咎于别人，有时候我们自己负有责任。（应用文写作之建议信）Don’t

always

_________________________________________________________.

Sometimes

we

ourselves

_____________.

put/lay

the

blame

for

failure

on

others

/blame

failure

on

othersare

to

blame（4）我不是因为生气而责怪他。（读后续写）I

did

not

______________

feeling

put

out.blame

him

for2.defend

vt.保卫；防守；辩解

defence

n.防卫；保护；辩护

defensive

adj.防御的；保护的；戒备的defend…

from/against…

保护……免受……defend

against

防御……in

defence

of

保护；为……辩护【

链接高考】（1）[2024全国新课标Ⅰ

阅读改编]

If

he

seems

a

little

defensive,

it

might

be

because

even

some

of

his

coworkers

occasionally

laugh

at

his

unusual

methods.翻译画线部分：____________存有戒心的（2）[2021全国甲

语填改编]

After

spending

some

time

looking

at

all

the

_________（defend）

equipment

at

the

wall,

we

decided

it

was

time

for

some

action

and

what

better

than

to

ride

on

a

piece

of

history!defensive【

链接写作】（3）我们应该采取行动保护我们的环境不受污染。（应用文写作之倡议书）_____________________________________________________________________We

should

take

action

to

defend

our

environment

from/against

being

polluted.3.above

all

最重要的是；尤其是above

all=most

importantly

最重要的是after

all

毕竟；终究first

of

all

首先；第一all

in

all

整体说来；总而言之in

all

全部；合计（not）

at

all

一点也（不）；完全（不）【

链接高考】（1）[2024年1月全国新课标Ⅰ·浙江

完形改编]

…I

had

the

kind

of

humbling,

educational,

and

_________（最重要的是）

else,

wonderful

encounter

with

a

local

that

all

travelers

long

for.above

all【

链接写作】（2）最重要的是，照顾老年人对于建立一个富有同情心的社会至关重要。（应用文写作）_________________________,

caring

for

the

elderly

is

essential

for

creating

______________________.Above

all/Most

importantlya

compassionate

society4.until引导的时间状语从句·until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成not…

until…结构。·倒装结构：部分倒装“Not

until+时间状语从句或短语+谓语助动词+主语+谓语动词”。·强调结构：It

is/was

not

until+时间状语从句或短语+that+主句部分。【

链接高考】（1）[2024全国新课标Ⅰ

完形改编]

So

I

turned

to

cycling.

I

got

a

good

bike

and

rode

a

lot.

I

dreamed

of

entering

cycle

races

until

I

_____

（fly）to

San

Diego

to

visit

my

sister.flew（2）[2021

天津

阅读改编]

It

was

not

until

I

followed

this

feeling

to

its

source

_____

I

discovered

I

had

a

passion

for

writing.that【

链接写作】（3）直到高中我被选为班长，我才意识到与别人合作的重要性。（应用文写作）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Not

until

I

was

chosen

monitor

of

my

class

in

my

senior

high

school

did

I

realise

the

importance

of

cooperating

with

others./It

was

not

until

I

was

chosen

monitor

of

my

class

in

my

senior

high

school

that

I

realised

the

importance

of

cooperating

with

others.5.so…

that…so…

that…用于以下四个句型：①so+形容词/副词+that…②so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that…③so+many（多）/few（少）+复数名词+that…④so+much（多）/little（少）+不可数名词+that…注意：“so/such…

that…”结构的so或such位于句首时要用倒装。【

链接高考】（1）[2024全国新课标Ⅰ

阅读改编]

Tindale

says,

she

was

prepared

to

put

him

to

sleep,

but

Farber’s

treatments

eased

her

dog’s

suffering

so

much

_____

she

was

able

to

keep

him

alive

for

an

additional

five

months.that（2）[2020

全国Ⅱ

7选5改编]

Who

hasn’t

received

an

email

so

_________（annoy）

that

it

ruined

an

entire

day?annoying【

链接写作】（3）她非常高兴，紧紧地抱着双胞胎，喜悦的泪水夺眶而出。（读后续写）So

delighted

was

she

that

__________________________，tears

of

joy

welling

up

in

her

eyes.she

hugged

the

twins

tightly（4）她羞愧得低着头流下了愧疚的泪水。（读后续写）____________________________________________________________with

head

drooping.So

ashamed

was

she/She

was

so

ashamed

that

she

shed

guilty

tears6.have…

donehave

sth

done

使某事被做；请人做某事；（主语）遭遇某事have

sb

do

sth

让某人做某事have

sb/sth

doing

sth

让某人一直做某事或让某物处于某种状态can’t

have

sb

doing

sth

不能容忍/不允许某人做某事have

sth

to

do有某事要做【

链接写作】（1）玛丽双目紧闭

。（读后续写）_________________________Mary

had

her

eyes

closed.（2）我要把它装进框里，以纪念这些峥嵘岁月，并作为我们友谊的标志。（读后续写）_____________________

in

honour

of

these

eventful

years，and

as

a

mark

of

our

friendship.I

shall

have

it

framedPart

Ⅳ

随堂检测1.shift（1）He

works

the

night

shift

at

the

hospital.

______（2）Lily

decided

to

make

a

shift

in

her

career

and

become

a

teacher.______（3）She

shifted

uncomfortably

in

her

chair.____________（4）Public

attitudes

towards

online

shopping

have

shifted

over

the

past

10

years.______轮班改变转移；挪动转变2.handle（1）They

teach

their

children

to

handle

the

animals

gently.

____________________（2）Driving

a

car

is

not

just

handling

controls

but

judging

speed

and

distance.______（3）Traditionally

Chinese

people

drink

in

cups

without

handles.

______（4）The

man

was

appointed

to

handle

the

crisis.______（用手）触、碰、拿操纵把手处理3.熟词生义（1）The

teacher

gave

us

concrete

instructions

on

how

to

solve

the

maths

problem,

including

the

exact

steps

to

follow

and

the

formulas

to

use.

________具体的（2）She

has

a

natural

gift

for

music,

and

her

playing

always

touches

the

hearts

of

her

audience.

______天赋1.The

company’s

decline

in

sales

is

largely

_________

（blame）

for

the

recent

layoffs.2.She

has

the

project________（handle）

with

great

efficiency,

impressing

her

colleagues.3._________（finding）from

the

recent

study

suggest

that

regular

exercise

can

significantly

improve

mental

health.4.Facing

a__________（frustrate）

deadline,

the

team

worked

overtime

to

finish

the

project

on

time.to

blamehandledFindingsfrustrating5.With

the

__________

（assist）

of

her

teammates,

she

completed

the

project

ahead

of

schedule,

demonstrating

effective

teamwork.6.However______（gift）

you

are，

you

won’t

succeed

without

constant

effort

and

perseverance.7._______（link）

to

her

fitness

tracker,

the

app

provided

her

with

daily

updates

on

her

progress.8.A

fire

broke____during

the

night,causing

the

residents

to

evacuate

their

homes

in

panic.assistancegiftedLinkedout9.The

noise

was

so

loud

_____

it

could

be

heard

from

the

next

street.10.___was

not

until

1912

that

the

first

of

the

vitamins

was

identified.thatIt1.I

want

to

settle

this

matter

________________

（彻底地）,

so

let’s

talk

it

through

and

come

to

a

conclusion

that

both

of

us

can

agree

on.once

and

for

all2.Unfortunately,

I

________________

（患病）a

bad

cold

last

night,

so

I’m

going

to

stay

at

home

from

work

today.3.I

fully____________（赞同）

the

idea

that

regular

exercise

is

essential

for

maintaining

good

health.came

down

withsubscribe

to4.__________

（最重要的是）,

honesty

is

the

key

to

building

trust

in

any

relationship.5.She

is____________（负责）

managing

the

team’s

budget

and

ensuring

that

projects

stay

on

track.6.If

you

don’t

get

enough

sleep,

you____________（可能）

feel

tired

and

unfocused

throughout

the

day.Above

allin

charge

ofare

likely

toPart

Ⅴ

写作培优

假定你是李华，你校英文杂志社要举办以“与科学家跨时空对话（Talk

to

a

Scientist

Across

Time

and

Space）”为主题的书信征文活动，请你写一封信给你最崇敬的一位科学家。内容包括：1.

表达对他（她）的崇敬之情；2.

解释你崇敬他（她）的原因。▼写作要点1.我最钦佩的是，您致力于杂交水稻的研究，愿意为国家服务。I

most

admire

you

for

__________________________________________

with

willingness

to

serve

the

country.

your

devotion

to

the

research

on

hybrid

rice2.多亏您和您的团队，数百万人不再需要面临饥饿的威胁。（thanks

to）____________________________,

millions

of

people

___________________________________________.Thanks

to

you

and

your

team

no

longer

have

to

face

the

threat

of

hunger3.您的勤奋精神和毅力值得学习。______________________________________

are

worth

studying.Your

hard-working

spirit

and

perseverance▼句式升级1.用what引导的主语从句改写第1句___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What

I

admire

most

is

that

you

devote

yourself/are

devoted

to

the

research

on

hybrid

rice

with

willingness

to

serve

the

country.2.将第3句改为强调句_____________________________________________________________________It

is

your

hard-working

spirit

and

perseverance

that

are

worth

studying.▼组句成篇___Dear

Grandpa

Yuan

Longping，

I

am

writing

to

express

my

admiration

for

you.

What

I

admire

most

is

that

you

devote

yourself

to

the

research

on

hybrid

rice

with

willingness

to

serve

the

country.

Thanks

to

you

and

your

team,

millions

of

people

no

longer

have

to

face

the

threat

of

hunger.

It

is

your

hard-working

spirit

and

perseverance

that

are

worth

studying.

You

are

my

role

model

and

have

been

inspiring

me

to

study

hard

and

persist

in

my

dream

of

making

contributions

to

my

country.

I

am

really

proud

that

we

have

such

a

great

scientist

like

you.Yours

sincerely，Li

Hua▼教材语料整合1.人物描写①gifted

adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的②outstanding

adj.优秀的；杰出的③leadership

n．领导；领导地位；领导才能④Born

in

Shanghai

in

1911，

Qian

attended

schools

in

Beijing

and

then

entered

Shanghai

Jiao

Tong

University

to

study

Railway

Mechanical

Engineering.钱学森于1911年出生于上海，曾在北京上学，随后进入上海交通大学学习铁路机械工程。#1.4⑤Besides

being

brilliant，he

was

brave，though

sometimes

careless

in

what

he

said

or

did.除了才华横溢，他还很勇敢，尽管有时在言行上有些随意。2.情感描写①He

was

determined

to

find

out

why.他决心要找出原因。②Nevertheless，Qian

did

not

let

that

discourage

him

from

taking

on

the

challenge.

然而，钱学森并没有因沮丧而放弃接受挑战。▼语料微语段运用

As

the

father

of

China’s

satellite

programme,

Sun

Jiadong

encountered

severe

obstacles,

which

would

even

have

①___________________________________（富有经验的工程师感到沮丧）.

Yet,

②____________________________________________________________（他接受挑战并下定决心去解决问题）.

He

identified

and

corrected

a

critical

fault

in

the

early

designs

③____________________________________________________（多亏了他出色的策略和made

the

seasoned

engineers

frustrated

he

took

on

the

challenge

and

was

determined

to

solve

problems

thanks

to

his

brilliant

strategy

and

outstanding

leadership卓越的领导力）,

ensuring

the

success

of

China’s

space

endeavors.

④__________________________________________________________________________［他的成就如此耀眼以至于（so…that引导结果状语从句）］

they

not

only

serve

as

a

testament

to

his

individual

brilliance,

but

also

embody

the

symbol

of

China’s

rapidly

rising

prowess

in

space

technology.#1

His

achievements

are

so

brilliant

that/So

brilliant

are

his

achievements

thatTest

1

[广东六校2025联考]

At

just

14

years

old,

Heman

Bekele

became

the

Nicole

of

the

2023

3M

Young

Scientist

Challenge,

standing

out

among

nine

other

finalists

with

his

creative

invention

known

as

the

Skin

Cancer

Treating

Soap.

In

recognition

of

his

exceptional

achievement,

this

ninth-grade

teenager

is

set

to

receive

a

cash

award

of

$25,000.

Bekele’s

revolutionary

concept,

presented

through

a

brief

two-minute

video,

centres

on

the

development

of

a

soap

that

is

affordable,

priced

at

less

than

$10

per

bar,

and

has

the

potential

to

reactivate

dendritic

cells

（树突细胞）—the

body’s

natural

defenders

of

the

skin—to

fight

against

skin

cancer.

In

Bekele’s

own

words,

“Curing

cancer,

one

bar

of

soap

at

a

time.”

His

passion

for

biology

and

technology

was

the

driving

force

behind

this

ingenious

creation,

and

the

3M

Young

Scientist

Challenge

provided

him

with

the

perfect

platform

to

showcase

his

visionary

ideas.

Reflecting

on

his

inspiration,

Bekele

shared

that

his

childhood

in

Ethiopia

played

a

significant

role

in

shaping

his

creative

thinking.

Having

witnessed

people’s

working

tirelessly

under

the

burning

sun,

he

couldn’t

help

but

wonder

how

many

were

aware

of

the

risks

associated

with

prolonged

sun

exposure.

“I

wanted

to

make

my

idea

not

only

scientifically

exceptional

but

also

accessible

to

a

broad

audience,”

Bekele

expressed

during

an

interview

with

The

Washington

Post.In

addition,

he

received

invaluable

guidance

from

Deborah

Isabelle,

a

product

engineering

specialist

at

3M,

who

connected

Bekele

with

other

scientists

to

help

him

realise

his

big

plans.

Eventually,

the

path

forward

for

Bekele’s

creation

includes

obtaining

the

FDA’s

approval.

During

his

presentation

at

the

3M

global

headquarters,

Bekele

passionately

articulated

his

vision

of

turning

the

soap

into

“a

symbol

of

hope,

accessibility,

and

a

world

where

skin

cancer

treatment

is

within

reach

for

all”.

Over

the

coming

five

years,

Bekele

longs

to

perfect

his

invention

and

establish

a

non-profit

organisation

dedicated

to

distributing

his

innovative

creation

to

under-served

communities,

offering

hope

and

a

practical

solution

to

the

fight

against

skin

cancer.#7【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年仅14岁的希曼·贝克莱凭借他的创新发明——皮肤癌治疗肥皂，成为2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛冠军的故事。1.What

does

the

underlined

word

“Nicole”

mean

in

paragraph

1?(

)BA.Hero.

B.Winner.

C.Example.

D.Specialist.【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“…

standing

out

among

nine

other

finalists

with

his

creative

invention

known

as

the

Skin

Cancer

Treating

Soap.”可知，年仅14岁的希曼·贝克莱凭借他的创新发明在决赛入围者中脱颖而出，成为

2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛的赢家。由此可推知，Nicole意为“赢家”。2.How

did

Bekele

get

the

idea

of

his

invention?(

)CA.He

was

guided

by

relevant

experts.B.He

watched

a

video

about

science.C.He

saw

people

work

in

the

hot

sun.D.He

dealt

with

scientists

in

the

field.【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Having

witnessed

people’s

working

tirelessly

under

the

burning

sun,

he

couldn’t

help

but

wonder

how

many

were

aware

of

the

risks

associated

with

prolonged

sun

exposure.”可知，当贝克莱在童年时目睹了人们在烈日下不知疲倦地工作的场景时，他有了发明皮肤癌治疗肥皂的想法。3.Which

of

the

following

can

best

describe

Bekele?(

)DA.Gifted

and

reliable.

B.Creative

and

adaptable.C.Humble

and

enthusiastic.

D.Caring

and

ambitious.【解析】推理判断题。第四段提到他目睹人们在烈日下工作而想到发明治疗皮肤癌的肥皂，第六段提到他想要把这种肥皂变成“希望的象征、易获取的象征、一个所有人都可以获得皮肤癌治疗渠道的世界的象征”，第七段提到他渴望完善自己的发明，并想要建立一个致力于将他的创新发明分发给那些没有得到足够帮助的社区的非营利组织，以为抗击皮肤癌提供实用的解决方案。由此可推知，他是一个关心他人的人。再根据第五段中的I

wanted

to

make

my

idea

not

only

scientifically

exceptional

but

also

accessible

to

a

broad

audience可知，他想让自己的想法不仅在科学方面取得成功，而且能被更多的人所接受。由此可推知，他是一个雄心勃勃的人。4.Where

is

the

text

probably

t