高考英语谓语动词非谓语动词10年真题汇编（附详解答案）

高考英语谓语动词，非谓语动词10年真题汇编（附详解答案）高考英语谓语动词，非谓语动词10年真题汇编考点分类十年考情（2017-2026）命题规律考点01

动词时态、语态及主谓一致（谓语动词）1.

考查频率：十年全国各卷持续考查，每套试卷稳定

1–2

空，语法填空有提示词核心考点；2.

核心考查内容：三大基础时态（一般过去、一般现在、现在完成）为主，搭配被动语态综合考查，穿插主谓一致陷阱；3.

语篇题材：传统文化、中外文学、生态保护、航天科技、生活记叙、农业环保；4.

出题形式：全部为给出动词原形，要求变形谓语动词。1.

时态依托文本整体时间语境判断，不局限单一时间标志词；2.

语态高频结合一般过去时，多用于历史建造、事件、邀请类场景；3.

主谓一致常设置

aswellas

就远原则、定语从句先行词单复数等易错点；4.

命题融合传统文化、生态文明等时代素材，时态

+

语态复合型题目逐年增多。考点02

非谓语动词1.

考查频率：十年全卷年年必考，单卷

2–3

空，是语法填空分值占比最高考点；2.

三大形式均衡考查：不定式

todo

占比最高，其次现在分词

doing、过去分词

done；3.

常见结构：介词后动名词、分词作状语、不定式作目的

/

定语、形容词后不定式；4.

语篇覆盖国风集市、饮食文化、熊猫保护、中外戏剧、环保纪实等。1.

解题核心：区分逻辑主语主动

/

被动、动作先后关系；2.

功能侧重：状语（目的、原因、伴随）考查最多，定语、宾补为辅；3.

固定搭配集中：hopeto、chanceto、beeasyto、介词

+doing

等高频句式；4.

长难句嵌套非谓语成为常态，文本贴合中国文化、社会热点命题。谓语动词--动词时态，语态及主谓一致10年真题1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Astransportationandcommunication59._____________(be)underdevelopedatthattime,itwasverydifficultforhouseholdstoobtaindailynecessities.

2.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Intaichi,thedantianisyourqicoreandqiinChinesemeanslifeforce.Now,I60.

(suppose)tofeeltheweightonmylegsandsinkmydantian.3.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）“Theplayers’personalities60.

(reveal)duringthegame,andone’sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent,”sheadds.“Adecentwinneralways61.

(try)tobeattheopponentbynomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿态)ofrespectfortheotherside.”4.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）

Overtime,I’vefoundmyselffeelingextremelyathomehere.Andintheprocess,I’veexperiencedthingsthatreallysurprisemeattimes.The“sunshinescent(香味)”offreshlysunnedclothes61.

(be)oneofthem.

5.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60.__________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.TheseplantsincludedmodernWesternfavouritessuchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.Thepathoffersover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee,too.6.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdiedin1616.Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearecommonthemesintheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout58._________(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.”7.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin4017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,61.__________(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.

8.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）So,whataretheylearning?Basically,howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I65._________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.9.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat58.

________（be）previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthorityto

increaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

10.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP60.

（design）

toreflecttheguidingprincipleof"protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity（完整性）ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets（资产）forfuturegenerations".

11.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）Henry62.

（fix）hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly63.________（throw）histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.

12.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit61.

（be）forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.

13.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto63.

(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompanyrepresentativewrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.14.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—61.

(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.15.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4tofindandstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.

＂Thisreallyexcitesscientists,＂

CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,

＂becauseit67.

(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68.

(construct).＂16.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）ChineseNewYearisacelebrationmarkingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers62.

(carry)specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearthcomingbacktolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.17.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Filledwithcuriosity,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledand

66.__________

(point)downtheriver.

18.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65._________

(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.

19.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six

70.________(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.20.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene64.

_________（declare）

shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.21.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Irenesaid,"Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66.________（make）overtheyears.22.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapackofdogs，seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasterswhohadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand65._________（recommend）wonderfulplacestoeat，shop，andvisit.23.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）

Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，we

69.

_________（invite）toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.24.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64.__________(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.25.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry

61.__________（grow）morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62._________past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.26.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment68.________(start)asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.

27.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthemalive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69.________

(mean)menorealharm.

28.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequiredtoprocessthefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt

64._________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.29.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Asaresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Evenworse,

theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood

67._________(be)fulloffatandsalt;byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.30.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Steamengines65.

(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusingiteveryday.31.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Later,engineers

68.

(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels（隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.

32.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Sarah63.

(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.

33.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69.________(come)first.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itiscertainlyfunbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon’twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan’tmodelanymore.”【答案】1.

were

2.amsupposed

3.arerevealed，tries

4.is

5.walks

6.were

7.wasbuilt

8.wished

9.were

10.isdesigned

11.wasfixing

，threw

12.was

13.was

14.touched

15.means，isconstructed

16.carries

17.pointed

18.havereported

19.are

20.declared21.havemade

22.recommended

23.wereinvited24.is25.hasgrown

26.started

27.meant

28.areremoved

29.is

30.wereused

31.managed

32.hasbeentold/wastold

33.comes

【详解】1.were

考查谓语动词。空白处在从句中作谓语，主语为transportationandcommunication，指两种事物，为复数;atthattime表明本句描述的是过去的情况，需用一般过去时，故填were。2.amsupposed

考查谓语动词。besupposedtodosth是定搭配，意为“应该做某事”。根据空白处前的Now可知，应用一般现在时，主语是I，故填

amsupposed.3.

第一空是

arerevealed考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处前是主语，空白处作谓语。本段和上一段都是围棋选手WangWei讲述围棋能体现选手性格，用的皆为一般现在时。主语Theplayers’personalities是复数形式，与reveal之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填arerevealed.

第二空是tries考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处作谓语。根据空白处前的always以及本段和上一段中的时态均为一般现在时可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语Adecentwinner为单数，与try之间是主动关系，故填tries。4.is

考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词。本句描述的是现在的情况，故用一般现在时。主语The“sunshinescent”是单数，且根据空白处后的

oneofthem可知填is。5.walks

考查谓语动词。纵观全句，没有谓语动词，故此处应填谓语动词。句子的主语是theSilkRouteGarden，与walk是主动关系，指的是花园通过其设计和布局，使游客能够体验或“走过”一段受古代丝绸之路影响的旅程，walk在此为及物动词。整个段落用的是一般现在时来描述theGlasshouse

和

theSilkRouteGarden

的特点和功能，因此，此处也应用一般现在时第三人称单数形式，故填walks。6.were

考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，该句的主语为

Someofthethings,thatTangwaswritingabout

为定语从句，修饰先行词things;再根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事实，故应填were。7.wasbuilt

考查谓语动词。根据Twoyearslater可知，该句描述的是过去的事实，且句子主语pavilion与动词build之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。8.wished

考查谓语动词。根据空白处前Asalittlegirl及下文的whenIgrewup可知，本句时态为一般过去时，因此该空应填wish的过去式。9.were

考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少定语从句中的谓语动词，先行词是areas，又因空后为previously(以前，先前)，故此处应用一般过去时的复数形式were，表示过去某个时间存在的状态。10.isdesigned

考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，因主语theGPNP与动词design之间为动宾关系，且句子陈述的是现在的状态，因此此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。11.第一空是wasfixing

考查谓语时态。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词，根据句型bedoing....when....可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描还的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。第二空是threw

考查谓语时态。提示词是动词，谓语主语he之后，根据逗号后andstartedrunning可知，设空处应填谓语时态，and连接两个并列的谓语时态，故应填过去时threw。12.was

考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。13.was

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote”

可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；oneof+

形容词最高级+

可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。14.touched

考查谓语动词时态。Lastweek作时间状语表明事件发生在过去，故应用touch的过去式touched;touchdown为固定搭配，意为“着陆，降落”。15.第一空是means

考查主谓一致。主语it为第三人称单数，因此谓语动词应用means.第二空是isconstructed

考查动词的被动语态，句意为“这意味着我们有机会得知月球是如何被构建的”，themoon与construct是被动关系，故应用被动语态。17.

carries

考查动词时态

根据空白处前面的Thisis

和下一句中的Theyrepresent

可知本句是一般现在时，又根据

decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers

是动名词短语作主语，是一个整体，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，因此此处填carries。18.

pointed考查动词时态根据全文动词时态可推测整个故事发生在过去，并由与之并列的谓语动词smiled可知，此处应填pointed。18.havereported

考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致

由inrecentyears

可知此处语境表示的是从过去某时一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时。19.are

根据空白处前面的are及空白处后面的is和1ack可知，本句是现在时态，又根据six，因此此处填are。20.declared

考查动词时态

Irene的领奖发言是过去发生的事，另根据此空白处后面的过去式

had

和下文Irenesaid

可知，此处用

declare

的过去式。名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。21.havemade

考查动词时态及主谓一致

overtheyears常与完成时连用，在此意为“(从过去某时到现在的)多年来”。根据主句谓语动词love的时态可知，定语从句的谓语动词make应用现在完成式。22.recommended

考查动词时态

全文是在叙述过去的情况，再根据空白处前面的并列的谓语动词

shared

可知，此处用recommend的过去式recommended。23.wereinvited

考查动词时态和语态

invite和主语we之间是被动关系，故用其被动语态，且全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。24.is

考查动词时态

本文讲述跑步的好处，用的是现在时态，再根据空白处前面的can'tmake

和

says可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，因此用is。25.hasgrown

考查谓语动词时态由Since2011“自2011年以来”可知此处语境表示的是从过去的某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时，且主语thecountry是单数名词。26.started

根据上下文可知作者在说2005年发生的事情，应用动词的一般过去式。27.meant

考查谓语动词(时态)

全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此谓语动词用一般过去时。28.areremoved

考查谓语动词

(一般现在时的被动语态)

文章描述的是客观事实，且主语

fatandsalt

与谓语动词

remove

为被动关系，因此此处应填

areremoved。29.is

考查谓语动词（一般现在时）

根据上下文可知，“快餐富含脂肪和盐”

是客观事实，且主语Fastfood

是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。30.wereused

考查谓语动词

(一般过去时的被动语态)

根据语境

“蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢”。文章叙述的是过去的事，且主语

Steamengines

与

use

为动宾关系。31.managed

考查谓语动词

(过去时)

根据上下文可知作者在描述过去的事情，应用动词的一般过去式。32.hasbeentold/wastold

考查谓语动词（时态和语态）此处意为

“萨拉被告知下一年她可能成为收入百万美元的英国新超级模特”。主语Sarah

与

tell

为被动关系，且描述的是过去的事实，也可能会对现在造成影响，因此此处填

hasbeentold/wases

考查动词时态由

atthemoment

可知，此处应用一般现在时。二．非谓语动词1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Daji,orbigopen-airfairs,typicallytakeplaceonspecificdatesofthelunarcalendar,forexample,ondateswithfiveorsevenasthelastdigit.Itisalsocommonforthem56_____________(hold)duringtraditionalChineseholidayssuchastheSpringFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival,aswellasotherlocalfestivals.

2.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Inadditiontobeingvenuesforbuyingandselling,dajiareoccasionsforsocializingandentertainment.Peoplefromnearandfarcrowdintothesemarketsondajidays.62_____________(draw)bythearoma(香味)ofstreetfood,theylineupinfrontofstandsthatservesteamingdumplingsandhotnoodlesoup.

3.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Before64_____________(head)home,theyfilltheirshoppingbagswithfreshfruitandvegetablesfromlocalfarmers,atpricessignificantlycheaperthanthosefoundinsupermarkets.4.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）

Attheendofthelesson,Ifeelwideawake,despiteitstill

64.___________

(be)earlyat8am.It’stimeformydantian

65._________(meet)anotherlifeforce:coffee.5.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）“TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cutting-edgetechnologyandcontemporaryart,”saysTu.“Wehope____58

____(present)theratherabstractGogameandAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptualartandexpressionism.”6.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）

Growingup,myfamilyandourneighborsneverusedclotheslinestodryclothing,denyingmethechance____62____(discover)oneofthegreatwondersofsunshine—thesweet“sunshinescent”aftersunningclothesforanentireday.7.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Ifyou’veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinescent”fromasheetorshirt____65____(leave)tosunforaday,well,you’remissingoutononeoflife’swonders.8.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Thesesepals(萼片)openonwarmdays58

(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Thedesignfeaturestensteel“'sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(铝).Incoldweather,thestructurestays59

(close)toprotecttheplants.9.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin4017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,___60___(inspire)byThePeonyPavilion,

wasbuiltattheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.

10.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternationalvisibility,saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed___63___(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.

11.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）___64___(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThePeonyPavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”12.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____57____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.

13.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Shanghaimaybethe____59____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongBao’sbirthplace.

14.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____61____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.

15.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft______65______(want)morenexttime.16.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）Notthepandas,eventhoughthelanguageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto___60___(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.

17.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark（GPNP）.

56

（cover）anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority

59

（increase）effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

18.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony（阳台）,Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe

56

（fall）child.

19.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup

59

（see）them.Whenhelookeddown,heaccidentallyslippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutesandscreamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.20.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwillundoubtedlyhelpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,thehotterthespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus

60

（astonish）.21.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowharditwasforthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour

63

（ache）legs.

22.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Intheseventhgrade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,

57

(think)itisfood.23.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Idecidedtodosomething____58____(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompanywhichusedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.24.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Iwasso____62____(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.25.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4

66

(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.

26.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Theyrepresenttheearth

63

(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.27.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Oranges:Orangetreesaremorethandecoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes

65

(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.28.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.Certainlyduringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociated

withhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy

68

(care)forandmakegreatpresents.29.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout

67

(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,gentlyalongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

69

(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartistonearth,MotherNature.30.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive

64

(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.

31.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded"WomanOfTheYear"for

61

（be）Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,

whichsheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.

32.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans

65

（retire）fromher36-year-oldbusiness.

33.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）

Shesaid,"Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall

68

(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It'swonderful.”34.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake

62

（get）there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.35.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，

70

（listen）tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.36.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslongerthannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong

62

(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof______63______(die)earlybyrunning.37.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）

Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice

64

(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswaterthanriceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.

38.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile

70

(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide."saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.39.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）

Iquicklylowermyself,

duckingmyheadtoavoid

64

(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel

65

(challenge).40.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthemalive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimalmeantmenorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:"I'mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!"Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme

70

(stay)andwatch.41.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired

63

(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.

42.

（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by

68

(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.43.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtochallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term

61

(rest).Instead,sheisearning£6,500adayasamodelinNewYork.44.

（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants

65

(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithhereducation.【答案】1.tobeheld

2.Drawn3.heading4.being；tomeet

5.topresent

6.todiscover

7.left

8.togive

；closed9..inspired10.tofind

11.Recalling

12.tobite

13.recognized

14.tobelifted

15.wanting

16.visiting17.Covering

；toincrease

18.falling

19.tosee

20.astonished

21.aching

22.thinking

23.toeducate

24.excited25.tofind26.coming27.decorated

28.tocare

29.tofind

；surrounding30.toperform

31.being

32.toretire

33.saying

34.toget

35.listening

36.tosee

；dying

37.toimprove

38.feeding

39.looking

；challenged

40.tostay

41.toprocess

42.eating

43.resting

44.toprove

【解析】1.tobeheld考查非谓语动词。Itis+adj+forsb/sthtodosth.为定句型，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。空白处的逻辑主语them指代daji，与hold之间为被动关系(大集被举办)，需用不定式的被动形式，故填tobeheld。2.Drawn考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为lineup，空白处应为非谓语，draw与逻辑主语they之间为被动关系(他们被香味吸引)，需用-ed形式表被动，空白处位于句首，故填Drawn。3.heading考查非谓语动词。Before为介词，后接-ing形式作宾语，故填heading。headinghome

意为“回家"。4.第一空being考查非谓语动词。空白处位于介词despite之后，应用动名词，故填being。代词it为其逻辑主语，此处构成动名词的复合结构作介词despite

的宾语。第二空tomeet

考查非谓语动词。itistimeforsb/sthtodosth

是定搭配，意为“是某人/某物该做某事的时候了”，故填tomeet。5.topresent

考查非谓语动词。hopetodosth是固定搭配，故空白处填topresent.6.todiscover

此处考查非谓语动词。chance

后接不定式作后置定语，thechancetodosth意为“去做某事的机会”。7.left

此处考查非谓语动词。sheetorshirt

和

leave

是被动关系，故此处应用leave的过去分词形式left作后置定语。lefttosun意为“被放在阳光下晒”。8.第一个空是togive此处考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式短语作目的状语，表示“为了给......提供......"第二个空是closed此处考查词性转换。stays“保持”是系动词，后接过去分词形容词作表语，表示被动，故填closed，意为“关闭的”9..inspired

此处考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为pavilion,

60

(inspire)byThePeoryPavilion

作后置定语来修饰主语;又因主语pavilion与动词inspire之间为被动关系，故用动词-ed形式，inspiredby意为“受......启发”。10.tofind

此处考查非谓语动词。beamazedtodosth为固定搭配，意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。11.Recalling

此处考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为Edmondson，谓语动词为said，故空白处应填非谓语动词;又因主语Edmondson与动词recall之间为主动关系