2026 年河南中考英语真题试卷及答案

2026年河南中考英语真题试卷及答案第1页共1页2026年河南中考英语真题试卷及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoestheword"breeze"mostlikelymeaninthesentence"Thebreezeblewtheleavesaroundthegarden"?A.windB.rainC.sunD.snow参考答案：A2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthepresentcontinuoustense?A.Shewritesalettereveryday.B.Hehasfinishedhishomework.C.Theyareplayingfootballintheparknow.D.Wewillgotothecinematomorrow.参考答案：C3.Ifyouwanttoaskaboutsomeone'sopinion,whichquestionwordshouldyouuse?A.whereB.whenC.howD.what参考答案：D4.Whatisthepasttenseformoftheverb"togo"?A.goB.wentC.goingD.gone参考答案：B5.Whichprepositionshouldbeusedwith"in"toindicateadirection?A.onB.atC.toD.in参考答案：D6.Inthesentence"Thedogbarksloudly,"whatisthesubject?A.barksB.loudlyC.dogD.The参考答案：C7.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytoformthepluralof"child"?A.childesB.childC.childrenD.child's参考答案：C8.Ifyouwanttotalkaboutsomethingthathappenedinthepastandisstillrelevanttoday,whichtenseshouldyouuse?A.presentsimpleB.presentcontinuousC.pastsimpleD.pastcontinuous参考答案：C9.Whatisthecorrectwaytospellthewordmeaning"asmallinsect"?A.insectB.insctC.inscetD.insecta参考答案：A10.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthethirdpersonsingularpresenttense?A.Shesingbeautifully.B.Heplaystheguitar.C.Theygoestoschool.D.Itisraining.参考答案：B二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheweatherinLondonisoften______insummer.参考答案：rainy2.Sheis______tofinishherhomeworkbeforedinner.参考答案：likely3.Mybrother______gotothepartybecauseheissick.参考答案：hasn't4.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?Thereisn't______leftintheshaker.参考答案：much5.Thebook______onthetablebelongstomysister.参考答案：one6.Ihaven'tseenhim______,soI'mnotsurewhereheis.参考答案：long7.Thisisthe______timeIhavevisitedthismuseum.参考答案：first8.Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,youneedtowork______.参考答案：hard9.Thetrainwillleavefromplatform______at9o'clock.参考答案：three10.It'simportanttostay______andpositiveevenwhenthingsgetdifficult.参考答案：optimistic三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.参考答案：√2.Waterboilsat100degreesCelsiusatsealevel.参考答案：√3.TheEarthiscompletelycoveredbywater.参考答案：×4.Shakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthe17thcentury.参考答案：×5.Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond.参考答案：√6.Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsmaketheirownfood.参考答案：√7.TheEiffelTowerislocatedinLondon.参考答案：×8.TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinci.参考答案：√9.Thehumanbrainisthelargestorganinthehumanbody.参考答案：√10.ThecapitalofJapanisTokyo.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Pleasebrieflydescribethemainfunctionofthenucleusinacell.参考答案：Thenucleusisthecontrolcenterofthecell,containingthecell'sDNAanddirectingcellularactivities.2.WhatarethetwomainbranchesoftheUnitedKingdom'sgovernmentsystem?参考答案：ThetwomainbranchesaretheParliament(legislative)andtheMonarchy(executive).3.HowdoesphotosynthesiscontributetotheEarth'satmosphere?参考答案：Photosynthesisproducesoxygen,whichisessentialforrespiration,andremovescarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.4.ListthreemajorriversinSouthAmerica.参考答案：TheAmazonRiver,theOrinocoRiver,andtheParaguayRiver.5.Explaintheconceptofsupplyanddemandineconomics.参考答案：Supplyreferstothequantityofagoodproducersarewillingtosellatdifferentprices,whiledemandisthequantityconsumersarewillingtobuy.Theinteractionofsupplyanddemanddeterminesmarketprices.6.Describetheprocessofosmosisinplantcells.参考答案：Osmosisisthemovementofwateracrossasemi-permeablemembranefromanareaoflowersoluteconcentrationtoanareaofhighersoluteconcentration.Ithelpsmaintaincellturgorinplants.7.WhatisthesignificanceoftheMagnaCartainhistory?参考答案：TheMagnaCartalimitedthepowerofthemonarchyandlaidthefoundationforconstitutionallaw.8.BrieflyexplaintheroleoftheInternetinmoderncommunication.参考答案：TheInternetenablesglobalcommunication,informationsharing,andaccesstoservices.Ithastransformedhowpeopleinteract,work,andaccessinformation.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Thelocalcommunitycenterishostingaseriesofworkshopstoimproveresidents'skillsandknowledge.Thefirstworkshop,scheduledfornextSaturday,isabasiccookingclassaimedatbeginners.LedbyChefMaria,theclasswillteachsimplerecipesandkitchensafety.Participantswilllearnhowtoprepareahealthymealfromscratch.Thesecondworkshop,onthefollowingSunday,isadigitalliteracyprogram.Itwillhelpseniorsnavigateonlineservicesandusesmartphonesmoreeffectively.Bothworkshopsarefreeandopentoallcommunitymembers.Registrationisrequiredandcanbedoneonlineatthecenter'swebsiteorbycallingtheoffice.Spacesarelimited,soearlysign-upisrecommended.1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheworkshops?A.ToprovideentertainmentforthecommunityB.ToteachcookinganddigitalskillsC.ToorganizesocialeventsforresidentsD.Topromotethecommunitycenter'sservices参考答案：B2.Whowillleadthecookingclass?A.ThecommunitycenterdirectorB.ChefMariaC.LocalseniorsD.Avolunteerteacher参考答案：B3.Whatwillparticipantslearninthecookingclass?A.HowtocookcomplexdishesB.BasicrecipesandkitchensafetyC.AdvancedbakingtechniquesD.Howtorunarestaurant参考答案：B4.Whenisthedigitalliteracyprogramscheduled?A.NextSaturdayB.ThefollowingSundayC.ThisFridayD.Nextmonth参考答案：B5.Whoisthedigitalliteracyprogramdesignedfor?A.YoungchildrenB.SeniorsC.BusinessprofessionalsD.Collegestudents参考答案：B6.Howcanpeopleregisterfortheworkshops?A.InpersonatthecenterB.OnlineorbycallingtheofficeC.ThroughsocialmediaD.Bysendinganemail参考答案：B7.Whyarespaceslimitedintheworkshops?A.BecausethecenterhasfewresourcesB.ToensurequalityparticipationC.DuetohighdemandD.Becausetheworkshopsarepaidevents参考答案：C8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CommunityCenterNewsB.CookingandTechnologyC.WorkshopsforAllAgesD.FreeClassesintheCommunity参考答案：C标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：Theword"breeze"inthesentence"Thebreezeblewtheleavesaroundthegarden"means"wind."Thecontextindicatesthatthebreezeiscausingtheleavestomove,whichisacharacteristicofwind.OptionB"rain"isincorrectbecauseraindoesnottypicallyblowleavesaround.OptionC"sun"isincorrectbecausethesundoesnothavetheabilitytomoveleaves.OptionD"snow"isincorrectbecausesnowfallsfromtheskyanddoesnotblowleavesaroundinthesameway.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA"wind."2.参考答案：C解析：Thesentence"Theyareplayingfootballintheparknow"isanexampleofthepresentcontinuoustense.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatarehappeningatthemomentofspeaking.OptionA"Shewritesalettereveryday"usesthepresentsimpletense.OptionB"Hehasfinishedhishomework"usesthepresentperfecttense.OptionD"Wewillgotothecinematomorrow"usesthefuturesimpletense.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC"Theyareplayingfootballintheparknow."3.参考答案：D解析：Toaskaboutsomeone'sopinion,youshouldusethequestionword"what."Forexample,"Whatdoyouthinkaboutthismovie?"OptionA"where"isusedtoaskaboutalocation.OptionB"when"isusedtoaskaboutatime.OptionC"how"isusedtoaskaboutamannerorcondition.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisD"what."4.参考答案：B解析：Thepasttenseformoftheverb"togo"is"went."Forexample,"Shewenttothestoreyesterday."OptionA"go"isthebaseformoftheverb.OptionC"going"isthepresentparticipleform.OptionD"gone"isthepastparticipleform.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB"went."5.参考答案：D解析：Toindicateadirection,thepreposition"in"shouldbeused.Forexample,"Heisintheroom."OptionA"on"isusedtoindicateasurface.OptionB"at"isusedtoindicateaspecificpoint.OptionC"to"isusedtoindicatemovementtowardsadestination.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisD"in."6.参考答案：C解析：Inthesentence"Thedogbarksloudly,"thesubjectis"dog."Thesubjectisthepersonorthingthatperformstheactionoftheverb.OptionA"barks"istheverb.OptionB"loudly"isanadverbdescribinghowtheactionisperformed.OptionD"The"isanarticle.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC"dog."7.参考答案：C解析：Thecorrectwaytoformthepluralof"child"is"children."Forexample,"Thechildrenareplayinginthepark."OptionA"childes"isincorrectbecausethepluralformof"child"isnotformedbyadding"es."OptionB"child"isincorrectbecauseitisthesingularform.OptionD"child's"isincorrectbecauseitindicatespossession.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC"children."8.参考答案：C解析：Totalkaboutsomethingthathappenedinthepastandisstillrelevanttoday,youshouldusethepastsimpletense.Forexample,"HelivedinLondonforfiveyears."OptionA"presentsimple"isusedtodescribehabitualactions.OptionB"presentcontinuous"isusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeaking.OptionD"pastcontinuous"isusedtodescribeactionshappeningataspecifictimeinthepast.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC"pastsimple."9.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectwaytospellthewordmeaning"asmallinsect"is"insect."OptionB"insct"isincorrectbecauseitismisspelled.OptionC"inscet"isincorrectbecauseitismisspelled.OptionD"insecta"isincorrectbecauseitisanincorrectspelling.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA"insect."10.参考答案：B解析：Thecorrectuseofthethirdpersonsingularpresenttenseis"Heplaystheguitar."Forexample,"Heplaystheguitareveryday."OptionA"Shesingbeautifully"isincorrectbecausetheverb"sing"shouldbe"sings"inthethirdpersonsingularform.OptionC"Theygoestoschool"isincorrectbecausetheverb"goes"shouldbe"go"inthethirdpersonsingularform.OptionD"Itisraining"isinthepresentcontinuoustense,notthethirdpersonsingularpresenttense.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB"Heplaystheguitar."二、填空题1.参考答案：rainy解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意“伦敦的夏天经常______”，应填入描述天气的形容词。rainy意为“下雨的”，符合语境。sunny（晴朗的）、cloudy（多云的）、windy（有风的）等词虽然也是天气形容词，但与句意不符。空格处应填入一个形容词作表语。2.参考答案：likely解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意“她______在晚饭前完成作业”，应填入表示可能性的形容词。likely意为“可能的”，符合语境。probable（可能的）、possible（可能的）、probable（可能的）等词虽然也是可能性形容词，但likely更常用且符合语境。空格处应填入一个形容词作表语。3.参考答案：hasn't解析：本题考查动词时态。根据句意“我哥哥______去参加派对因为他生病了”，应填入现在完成时否定形式。hasn't是havenot的缩写，符合语境。doesn't（doesn'tgo）和wasn't（wasn'tgoing）等时态形式虽然语法正确，但与句意不符。空格处应填入现在完成时否定形式。4.参考答案：much解析：本题考查代词辨析。根据句意“你能把盐递给我吗？罐子里没______了”，应填入表示“量”的代词。much意为“许多”，用于不可数名词，符合语境。many（许多）、some（一些）、alittle（一点）等词虽然也是表示“量”的代词，但many用于可数名词，some和alittle用于可数名词时意义不同，不符合语境。空格处应填入一个代词作宾语。5.参考答案：one解析：本题考查代词辨析。根据句意“桌子上的书______属于我姐姐”，应填入指示代词。one意为“一个”，指代前面提到的书，符合语境。the（这个）、a（一个）、this（这个）等词虽然也是指示代词，但与句意不符。空格处应填入一个指示代词作定语。6.参考答案：long解析：本题考查副词辨析。根据句意“我______见过他，所以我不确定他在哪里”，应填入表示时间的副词。long意为“长时间”，符合语境。often（经常）、sometimes（有时）、always（总是）等词虽然也是时间副词，但与句意不符。空格处应填入一个副词作状语。7.参考答案：first解析：本题考查序数词。根据句意“这是我______参观这个博物馆”，应填入序数词。first意为“第一次”，符合语境。second（第二次）、third（第三次）、fourth（第四次）等词虽然也是序数词，但与句意不符。空格处应填入一个序数词作表语。8.参考答案：hard解析：本题考查副词辨析。根据句意“如果你想成功，你需要努力______”，应填入表示程度的副词。hard意为“努力地”，符合语境。easily（容易地）、carefully（小心地）、quickly（快速地）等词虽然也是副词，但与句意不符。空格处应填入一个副词作状语。9.参考答案：three解析：本题考查数字。根据句意“火车将在9点从______站台出发”，应填入数字。three意为“三”，符合语境。one（一）、two（二）、four（四）等词虽然也是数字，但与句意不符。空格处应填入一个数字作定语。10.参考答案：optimistic解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据句意“保持______和积极很重要，即使事情变得困难”，应填入表示态度的形容词。optimistic意为“乐观的”，符合语境。pessimistic（悲观的）、negative（消极的）、cynical（愤世嫉俗的）等词虽然也是态度形容词，但与句意不符。空格处应填入一个形容词作表语。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：TheGreatWallofChinaisindeedoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld,knownforitshistoricalsignificanceandimpressivearchitecture.Thisstatementiscorrect.2.参考答案：√解析：Waterboilsat100degreesCelsiusatsealevelunderstandardatmosphericpressure.Thisisawell-knownscientificfact,makingthestatementcorrect.3.参考答案：×解析：TheEarthisnotcompletelycoveredbywater.About71%oftheEarth'ssurfaceiscoveredbywater,whiletheremaining29%island.Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.4.参考答案：×解析：Shakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"intheearly17thcentury,specificallyin1595.Thestatementthathewroteitinthe17thcenturyisincorrectbecausethe17thcenturystartedin1601.5.参考答案：√解析：Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond.Thisisascientificallyverifiedvalue,makingthestatementcorrect.6.参考答案：√解析：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsusesunlight,water,andcarbondioxidetoproducetheirownfoodintheformofglucose.Thisstatementaccuratelydescribesphotosynthesis,makingitcorrect.7.参考答案：×解析：TheEiffelTowerislocatedinParis,France,notLondon.Thisisawell-knownfact,sothestatementisincorrect.8.参考答案：√解析：TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinciintheearly16thcentury.Thisisawidelyacceptedhistoricalfact,makingthestatementcorrect.9.参考答案：√解析：Thehumanbrainisindeedthelargestorganinthehumanbody,weighingabout1.3to1.4kilograms.Thisstatementiscorrect.10.参考答案：√解析：ThecapitalofJapanisTokyo.Thisisawell-knowngeographicalfact,makingthestatementcorrect.四、简答题1.参考答案：Thenucleusisthecontrolcenterofthecell,containingthecell'sDNAanddirectingcellularactivities.解析：Thenucleusfunctionsasthecommandcenterofacellbyhousingthegeneticmaterial(DNA)andregulatingprocessessuchasgrowth,metabolism,andreproduction.Itcontainsthenucleolus,whichisinvolvedinribosomesynthesis,andisenclosedbyanuclearenvelope.Thisstructureensuresthatgeneticinformationisprotectedandproperlymanaged.(2分)2.参考答案：ThetwomainbranchesaretheParliament(legislative)andtheMonarchy(executive).解析：TheUnitedKingdomhasaconstitutionalmonarchywithaparliamentarysystem.TheParliamentisresponsibleformakinglaws,andtheMonarchy,headedbytheQueenorKing,actsastheheadofstateandperformsceremonialduties.Thisseparationensuresabalanceofpowerandgovernance.(2分)3.参考答案：Photosynthesisproducesoxygen,whichisessentialforrespiration,andremovescarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.解析：Duringphotosynthesis,plantsconvertcarbondioxideandwaterintoglucoseandoxygenusingsunlight.Theoxygenreleasedintotheatmosphereisvitalfortherespirationofmostlivingorganisms,whilethecarbondioxideissequestered,helpingtomitigateclimatechange.ThisprocessmaintainstheEarth'satmosphericbalance.(2分)4.参考答案：TheAmazonRiver,theOrinocoRiver,andtheParaguayRiver.解析：SouthAmericaishometoseveralmajorrivers.TheAmazonRiveristhelargestbyvolume,flowingthroughBrazilandseveralothercountries.TheOrinocoRiverissignificantinVenezuelaandColombia,whiletheParaguayRiverformspartoftheborderbetweenBrazilandParaguay.Theseriversarecrucialforlocalecosystemsandtransportation.(2分)5.参考答案：Supplyreferstothequantityofagoodproducersarewillingtosellatdifferentprices,whiledemandisthequantityconsumersarewillingtobuy.Theinteractionofsupplyanddemanddeterminesmarketprices.解析：Ineconomics,supplyisinfluencedbyproductioncostsandtechnology,whiledemandisaffectedbyconsumerpreferencesandincome.Thepointwheresupplyanddemandintersectistheequilibriumprice,wherethequantitysuppliedequalsthequantitydemanded.Thisbalanceisessentialforefficientmarketfunction.(2分)6.参考答案：Osmosisisthemovementofwateracrossasemi-permeablemembranefromanareaoflowersoluteconcentrationtoanareaofhighersoluteconcentration.Ithelpsmaintaincellturgorinplants.解析：Osmosisisapassivetransportprocessthatoccursinplantcellstoregulatewaterbalance.Whenacellisplacedinahypotonicsolution,watermovesintothecell,causingittoswellandbecometurgid.Thisturgorpressureisessentialformaintainingthestructuralintegrityofplanttissues.(2分)7.参考答案：TheMagnaCartalimitedthepowerofthemonarchyandlaidthefoundationforconstitutionallaw.解析：TheMagnaCarta,signedin1215,wasapivotaldocumentinEnglishhistorythatforcedKingJohntorecognizetherightsofthenobilityandlimithisownauthority.Itintroducedtheprinciplethateveryone,includingtheking,wassubjecttothelaw.Thisdocumentinfluencedthedevelopmentofmode