专用车市场现状分析及趋势研究外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

PAGE17附录MarketsituationanalysisandresearchtrendA.ishalfhangedtractor,dumptruck,car,tankcar,van,thespecialstructureofhoistingliftcar,storehousebarcar,andotherspecialvehicles.Fromabroad,thedevelopmentofthecarindustry,thedevelopmenttrendofautospecialty.Inthe20thcentury70,80time,themainfunctionsofthedevelopedcountriesofspecializedautomobilevehiclesis50%ofthequantities,nowhasbeenincreasedto80%.China'scurrentbelow25%.ChinahasjoinedtheWTO,developingautomobileindustryisfacingagreatchallenge,specialvehicleisanimportantpartofautomobileindustry,affectedisinevitable.Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandtheconstructionofinfrastructure,Chinawillneedalotofspecialautomobile,thereforethetenth-fiveperiodinChinawillbetrulyspecialdevelopmentinto"fasttrack"SpecialautomobilemarketanalysisInrecentyears,China'sspecialautomobileindustry.In1990,theproductionofspecializedautomobileenterprisesabout500,2000,has756homeautoproductionenterpriseoftotal88485.5percent.In1998,ourspecialautomobileproductionof14.95millionvehicles,thetotaloftheautoproduction,1999respectively21.2%17.41millionvehiclesandachieve17.28millionvehicles.In2001,andspecialmarketsarealmosttheentireautomotivemarketoccupationdeodorants.Currentlyourspecialautomobilemarkethasthefollowingfivebasicfeatures:1、special-purposeautomobileproductionanddemandtrulyreflectsmanyvarieties,smallbatch.Specialautomobilerefittingenterprisedevelopmentandproductionhasmanyvarieties,seriation,pluralismcharacteristicsindifferentperiods,market,adjustthedifferentneedsofdifferentproductsproductionscale.Thisfeatureincarsandordinarygreatlyvehicles.Generallyspeaking,theboxtruck,tractionsemi-trailer,etc,indemandmorethantipper,alonecanreachupto10million,mostspecialvehicledemandtohundredsofthousandsofcarsonlycars,andsomeevenseveraldozensorcar.2、ourspecialautomobilerecentpriceadvantage,partofaproductiscompetitive.Domesticmainvarieties,suchasspecialautomobile,refrigerator,semi-trailersconcretepumptruck,car,transportandaccessorypartoilfieldasliftingtransporterthroughcooperation,technologyorimportedspecialdevice,approachingorpartialreachedinternationaladvancedlevel,pricecompetitionwiththeabilityofforeignproducts.Todemandgreaterproducts,suchasheavy,mediumdumptruck,car,tanktruckandvancaretc,haveastabledomesticmarket.3、special-purposeautomobileservicefields,marketprospectisanacreontic,differentperiodofdifferent,butcanappearmorehothotexists.In2001,forexample,thecountryincreasedinfrastructureinvestment,especiallyininfrastructure,increasinginvestmentintheconstructionoftheMidwest,plussuchas"west-eastgastransmission"and"electricity","water",theqinghai-tibetrailwayandhighwayconstructionofdomesticseverallargeprojectstartup,heavyexclusiveupyear-on-year,the84.5%,Meanwhile,thedevelopmentofthehighwayroadcargofurtherspecialization,intensive,variousboxtruck,halfhangedtractorandspecialcarriersofthesocialdemandhadtheverybigenhancement,onlyhalfhangedtractor,year-on-yeargrowthofabout90%bythecarindustry,becomeablackhorse.4、marketcallsstrongertechnicalcontent,specificityofspecialproducts,buthighermarketsupplycapacity.BecauseChina'smostexclusiveenterprisedevelopmentabilityweak,capital,technologyappearquiteanumberofdomesticenterprisesdonothaveenoughtoeat,a.a.marketandprettymuchonimportstofilltheposition.A.asheavy,domesticproduction,andthemarketmorethan70speciesto200types,500cultivars,cansatisfythemarketcompanieswithin30%.Inaddition,becausemanyindustriesforspecialautomobiletechnology,highperformancerequirementstoachieveadomesticproductrequirements,suchasairportspecialautomobile,highwaymaintenancemanagement,seniormedicalambulanceetc.Car,AndasYunChaoChedomesticmarketcapacityandproductsofdomesticenterprisescanrarelygradeCbulletproofrequirements.5、special-purposeautomobileproductionenterprises,themarketmanagementofthegoodandbadareintermingled.A.industryvariousmechanisms,organizationformisdiversified.There,thestate-runprivate,Therearelimitedliabilitycompany,jointstocklimitedcompanyis,Alsobelongtodifferentindustries,modeofproductionandmanagementbytruckchassisrefitting,market,easytointerference.Illegallyassembledandsellingproductcertificationphenomenoninall,whichseriouslyinterferewithspecialautomobilemarket.Specialautomobilemanufacturingenterprise,mostlyforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprise,thedifferencebetween.Accordingtothemodifiedenterprise1999annual530home,morethan1000productionenterprisesonly47,accountingfor8.9%,Productionofenterprisesunder100$229,accountingfor43.2percent.Thereare45yieldlessthan10bus.Inrecentyears,thegovernmenttostrengthenthemanagementofspecializedautomobilemarket,increasethereorganizationandcrack,marketenvironmentisgreatlyimproved,tograduallyregularized.Althoughourspecialautomobileindustrydevelopmentprospectsandsuccess,butcomparedwithspecialautomobileenterprisesabroad,therearestillgreatdifference.1、thelaborproductivitysignificantlylower.In1999,specialproductionenterprises,theoutputvalueperpersonfor0.98millionyuan,theprofitfor11.130.015yuanperperson.Andthethreeindexes,Japaninearly1990to12.5millioncars,andtheperiod37.5million.producttechnicallevelisrelativelybackward.Mainlydisplaysin:(1)theutilizationcoefficient,lowqualityofsametype,withmorethan20foreignheavyvehicletonnage;%~30%2specialfunctionsatisfactionthanthesameproductsabroadbackward5~10years,3man-computerengineeringapplication,adaptiveperformanceisnotstrong,hightechnologyUSESless,4vehiclereliability,sealinganddurability,andnoisepollutionemission.2、productdevelopmentabilityispoor.Ourspecialautomobilevarietiesaremostlythroughageneric,andhightechnologyproductsthroughintroducingtechnologyorproducttomakeappropriateimprovement"and"localization,thelackofrealindependentinnovationproductsdevelopment.Theinternationalcompetitionability(4)isweak.Ourspecialcarswithlowcoefficientofinternationalcompetitiveness,importandexporttrade,andtheimportvaluedifferenceofspecializedautomobilemainlyfromEuropeandJapanandotherdevelopedcountries,mainlyexportssoutheastAsiaandAfricaistheobjectofthedevelopingcountries.3、Inthetenth-fiveperiodspecial-purposeautomobiledevelopmenttrendAlongwiththenational"tenthfive-yearplan"period,thesteadydevelopmentofthenationaleconomyandthemarketeconomicsystem,andtheimprovementofelectronicandinformationandautomationtechnologyintheautomotiveindustry,thedevelopmentofdomesticspecial-purposeautomobilewillappearasfollows:1、"thespecialmarketdemandgrowth,andthemarketwillbemorecompetitive,specialproductionenterprisesgraduallytothepolarization.Accordingtothecountry"special"tenthfive-yearplan"period","tenth-fiveperiodspecial-purposeautomobileneedsto10%annualgrowthrateincreases,in2005,ourvariousspecialautomobilemarketdemandfor34millioncars,trucksofproductionequipments,includingthe35million,41.814.1%,Tractorsemi-trailer4.8millionvehicles,14%,Vancar85,000,25%ofthetime,3.3millioncars,cartankof9.5%,135millioncarsliftinglifters,4%,Thespecialstructureof1.7millioncars,5%,Storehousebar0.2millioncars,cartype0.7%."Tenth-five",isexpectedtoendthespecialautomobileownershipwillreach275.3millionvehicles.Facingsuchopportunities,coupledwiththe"wto"bringsmoreforeignproducts,specialvehicleproductionenterprisecompetitionintensifies,domesticcaragainproductionenterprisestrongerwhowillappeartheweak,theweak,theenterprisewillbefurther,exclusivejoint,merger,reorganizationandleasing,privatecarwillalsobecomeoneoftheenterprisereformmode.2、thespecialdemandmorediversifiedandsomespecialfunction,specialproductswillChongXingHua,specialfunctiontohightechnicalcontent,thedirectionofdevelopment.Large-tonnageheavyvehicletransportationsafety,high,lowcost,andtransportationunitsinsomedevelopedcountriesofthemainhighwaytransportationofcontainertrailerisheavy,tanktruckandvariousspecialsemi-trailer,thespecialproductionandheavymainlyarethetotalquantitiesof80%.Ourspecialcarsbyroadconditionsandproductionofspecialchassis,hasbeentolimit,heavymid-sizecarobviouslylowproportion.Alongwithourcountryeconomyandthetrafficenvironmentimprovement,industryofspecializedautomobileespeciallyheavyspecial-purposeautomobiledemandisbiggerandbigger,heavydumptruck,bulkcementconcretemixer,carandtruck,highcompressiongarbagetruck,sprayer,municipaltransport,a.a.heavyoilwillwincustomers.Tothedegreeofspecializationandspecialrequirementsareincreasinglyhightechnicalcontent,bornoutofmanynewspecialtype.By2005,heavy,mediumandsmallproportionis1:6bynow,3evolvedfor3:4:3reasonablecomposition.By1998willbreedvarieties,2231372cultivars,increasedto300kindsof2005,3,000varieties.3、carproductionflexibility,automation,professionaltoproduceandcoordinationnetworkdevelopment,designanddevelopmentofCADtechnologyofvirtualtechnologyiswidelyusedtotesttechnology,intelligent,systematicdevelopmentdirection.A."manyvarieties,smallbatch,shortcycle"characteristics,productupdatesfaster,marketdemanddiversity,personalizedtowardsthedirectionofdevelopment,thetraditionalpatternofall-roundenterprisecompetitiveness,willloseallformsofcooperativedevelopment,productionandmarketing,fastresponsetomarketdemands,flexibleproduction,design,manufacturingandadoptedbymanyenterprises.CADtechnologyforshorteningexclusiveproductdevelopmentcycle,improveproductqualityandreducecostwillplayapositiveroleinpromoting.Atthesametime,withspecialautomobileproductionandtechnologydevelopment,andspecialautomobiletestcoverageismoreandmorewide,fromthetraditionalmeasuringinstrumenttovariousspecialtestequipment,fromasingletesttothecomprehensivetest,fromhardwaretosoftwareareputforwardhigherrequest,andmorecomplex,willpromotethetechniqueandmethodofspecialtest.Combinedwiththeapplicationofcomputersoftwaretechnology,specialtesttechnicaltrendintelligentandsystematized.专用车市场现状分析及趋势研究专用车是自卸车、半挂牵引车、厢式车、罐式车、起重举升车、特种结构车、仓栅车等专用载货汽车的统称。从国外汽车工业的发展来看,载货汽车专用化的发展趋势比较明显。20世纪70、80年代,主要发达国家的专用汽车保有量占载货汽车保有量的50%左右,如今已增至80%。而我国目前低于25%。我国已加入WTO,汽车工业发展正面临巨大的挑战,专用汽车是汽车工业的重要组成部分,受到影响是不可避免的。随着经济的发展和基础设施建设的加快,我国将需要大量的专用汽车,因此“十五”期间我国专用车发展将真正驶入“快车道”。近年来,我国专用汽车行业蓬勃发展。1990年全国生产专用汽车的企业约500多家,2000年已达756家,占汽车生产企业总数884家的85.5%。1998年我国专用汽车产量达14.95万辆,占当年全国载货汽车总产量的21.2%,1999年产销分别达到17.41万辆和17.28万辆。2001年专用车市场稳中有升,其产销几乎占领整个载货汽车市场的半壁江山。目前我国专用汽车市场具有如下五个基本特征:1、专用汽车的生产和需求真正体现了多品种、小批量。专用汽车改装企业的开发和生产具有多品种、系列化、多元化的特点,企业针对市场不同时期的不同需求,调整不同系列产品的产量比例。这一特征大大区别于轿车和普通载货汽车。一般而言,厢式运输车、牵引半挂车等年需求量较大,达万辆以上,自卸车可达10万辆左右,大多数专用汽车的需求量仅数百辆至数千辆,有的甚至几辆或几十辆。2、我国专用汽车近期略有价格优势,部分产品尚具竞争力。国内专用汽车主要品种,例如半挂车、冷藏车、混凝土泵车、高空作业车、部分油田用车和随车起重运输车等通过合资合作、引进技术或引进专用装置,已接近或部分达到国外先进水平,价格上具有与国外产品竞争的能力。对需求量较大的产品,如重、中型自卸车、厢式车、罐式运输车和作业车等,有较稳定的国内市场。3、专用汽车服务领域广阔,市场前景明朗,不同时期有着不同的热点,而且可以出现多个热点并存的局面。以2001年为例,由于国家加大了基础建设的投入,特别是加大了对中西部基础设施建设的投资,加上诸如“西气东输”、“西电东送”、“南水北调”、青藏铁路及国内几条高速公路建设等大型项目的启动,重型专用车火爆起来,同比增长了84.5%；与此同时,高速公路的发展使公路货运进一步专业化、集约化,各类厢式运输车、半挂牵引车和专用运输车的社会需求量有了很大提高,仅半挂牵引车,同比增长达90%左右,成为专用车行业的一匹黑马。4、市场呼唤专用性更强、技术含量更高的专用车产品,但市场供给能力不足。由于我国大部分专用车企业开发能力较弱,资金技术不足,因而出现了国内相当数量的专用车企业吃不饱,又有相当多专用车市场靠进口来填补的局面。如重型专用车,国内生产70余种,而市场需要200个种类、500个品种,国产车只能满足市场的30%。此外,由于许多行业对专用汽车技术性能要求很高,国内产品一时很难达到要求,如机场专用汽车、高速公路维护管理专用车、高级医疗急救车等；又如运钞车国内市场容量很大,而国内企业的产品很少能达到C级防弹要求。5、专用汽车生产企业良莠不齐,市场管理难度较大。专用车行业多种机制并存,组织形式是多样化的。有国营的,民营的；有有限责任公司,也有股份有限公司；又分属不同行业管理,生产方式又以载货车底盘改装为主,市场不规范,容易受到干扰。非法拼装和买卖产品合格证的现象在各地时有发生,严重干扰了专用汽车市场。专用汽车生产企业多,大多为中小企业,企业间的差异较大。根据对530家改装企业1999年产量的统计,产量1000辆以上的企业只有47家,占8.9%;产量100辆以下的企业却高达229家,占43.2%。其中有45家产量不足10辆。近年来,政府加强了对专用汽车市场管理,加大整顿和打击力度,市场环境大有好转,逐步向正规化迈进。尽管我国专用汽车行业的发展成绩斐然,前景广阔,但是与国外专用汽车企业相比,仍然存在较大的差异。1、劳动生产率明显较低。1999年我国专用车企业人均产量为0.98辆,人均产值为11.13万元,人均利润为0.015万元。而上述三项指标,日本早在1990年就分别达到12.5辆、37.5万元和4.85万元。2、产品技术水平相对落后。主要表现在:①质量利用系数低,同类型、同吨位车比国外重20%～30%；②专用功能满足度比国外同类产品落后5～10年；③人机工程应用不充分,适应性能不强,高技术采用较少；④车辆的可靠性、密封性和耐久性较差,排放和噪声污染较为严重。3、