2026年CATTI一级笔译历年真题汇编

2026年CATTI一级笔译历年真题汇编本汇编收录2023—2025年全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试一级笔译实务科目全部公开真题，严格匹配《CATTI一级笔译考试大纲（2023版）》规定的题型题量与分值设置：每套试题含英译汉文本2篇（单篇长度680—720词，每篇30分，合计60分）、汉译英文本2篇（单篇长度680—720字，每篇20分，合计40分），试卷满分100分，考试时长180分钟，应试人员可携带正式出版的纸质中外文词典进入考场。所有真题源文本均选自考试当年的国际组织官方报告、中国政府部门公开发布的政策文件与权威出版物，文本语域正式、信息密度高，符合一级笔译考察资深译者政策理解能力、跨文化转换能力与专业文本翻译能力的定位，译文评分以“忠实、通顺、术语准确、风格匹配”为核心标准，错译核心信息、术语偏差、语句严重欧化/中式化、文体失当均会按比例扣分。2023年度全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试一级笔译实务真题一、英译汉试题1（30分）请将下列英文文本翻译成汉语：Thepastthreeyearsofpandemicresponsehaveexposeddeepstructuralfaultlinesinglobalpublichealthgovernance,manyofwhichwerelongobscuredbydecadesofincrementalprogressoninfectiousdiseasecontrol,childmortalityreductionanduniversalhealthcoverageexpansion.Thedominantpublichealthresponseframeworkbuiltoverthepast70yearswasdesignedfortargetedcontainmentofsingle,geographicallyboundedpathogenoutbreaks,ratherthanthecross-border,cross-species,system-widedisruptionscausedbyhigh-impactrespiratorypandemics.DatafromtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)showsthatasof2022,theglobalhealthworkforcegapstoodat18million,70%ofwhichisconcentratedinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries(LMICs),wherehealthspendingpercapitaislessthanone-twentiethoftheaverageforhigh-incomecountries.DuringthepeakoftheCOVID-19pandemic,LMICsfacedpersistentshortagesofpersonalprotectiveequipment,vaccinesandcriticalcaresupplies,assupplychaindisruptionsandexportrestrictionsbyhigh-incomecountriescutoffaccesstoessentialgoods,leadingtoa25%higherexcessmortalityrateinlow-incomecountriesthantheglobalaverage.

Contemporarypublichealthresilienceisnotlimitedtopost-outbreakresponsecapacity,butreferstotheproactive,system-wideabilitytoidentifyrisksearly,mobilizeresourcesrapidly,andrecoverequitablyfromdisruptions.WHOestimatesthat60%ofknownhumaninfectiousdiseasesarezoonoticinorigin,and75%ofemerginginfectiousdiseasescomefromanimalreservoirs,meaningeffectiveriskpreventionrequirescross-sectoralcoordinationbetweenpublichealth,agriculture,environmental,transportandimmigrationauthorities,ratherthanrelyingonhealthdepartmentsalone.The2022GlobalHealthResilienceIndex,whichassessed121countries,foundthatonly22countriesmetthebasicresiliencethreshold,meaningtheycouldcompletefull-chainepidemiologicalinvestigation,medicalcapacityexpansion,andprioritypopulationprotectionwithin30daysofapublichealthemergency.Theglobalannualfundinggapforpublichealthresiliencebuildingisapproximately$10.5billion,afractionofthe$16trillionspentgloballyonpost-pandemiceconomicreliefbetween2020and2022.Compoundingthesestructuralgapsistherapidspreadofhealthmisinformation:peer-reviewedstudiesshowthatfalsehealthclaimsonsocialmediaspread6timesfasterthanevidence-basedpublichealthguidance,reducingpubliccompliancewithpreventivemeasuresbyanaverageof30%duringoutbreaks.Publichealthresilienceisaglobalpublicgood,aspathogensdonotrespectnationalborders;cross-borderpathogensurveillancenetworks,vaccinetechnologytransferplatforms,andcross-nationalhealthworkforcetrainingprogramsdeliversharedbenefitstoallcountries,andthepoliticizationofpublichealthissuesonlyunderminescollectiveresponsecapacity.

答题要求：译文需完整传递原文数据、核心观点与逻辑框架，专业术语符合国内公共卫生领域通用表述，语言简洁严谨，符合汉语正式政论/科技文本风格，无错译漏译，语句通顺自然。试题2（30分）请将下列英文文本翻译成汉语：Culturalheritageisnotastaticcollectionofartifactsorpreservedsitesfrozenintime,butalivingbondconnectingcommunitiesacrossgenerations,carryingsharedmemories,valuesystemsandpracticalknowledgeaccumulatedovercenturiesofcollectivelife.Fordecades,mainstreamculturalheritageconservationfollowedanexpert-led,object-centeredmodel,oftentreatinglocalcommunitiesaspassivebeneficiariesofconservationeffortsratherthancorerightsholdersandknowledgeholders.Thismodelhasledtounintendedconsequencesacrossmanyregions:inpartsofAfricaandSoutheastAsia,intangibleculturalheritageincludingoralepics,traditionalfarmingpracticesandcraftskillshasfacedrapiderosionasyoungpeoplemigratetourbanareas,evenasrelatedtangiblesiteshavebeeninscribedontheWorldHeritageList.AwidelycitedcaseistheearlyconservationprogramforMaasaipastoralistheritageinKenya,whereinitialplansdrawnupwithoutinputfromMaasaicommunityeldersdesignatedconservationreservesthatcutofftraditionallivestockmigrationroutes,underminingthepastoralistpracticesthatformedthecoreoftheheritagevalueofthelandscape.Aftertheprogramwasrevisedtoplacecommunityrepresentativesatthecenterofgovernance,combiningtraditionalgrazingknowledgewithmodernecologicalconservationtargets,thesitesawbothrecoveringrangelandhealthandimprovedlivelihoodsforlocalresidents.Climatechangehasemergedasthefastest-growingthreattoculturalheritageglobally:datafromUNESCOshowsthat30%ofWorldHeritageculturalsitesfaceclimate-relatedrisks,includingcoastalerosionfromsealevelrise,structuraldamagetowoodenheritagestructuresfromextremeheat,andfadingofmuralsandpaintedsurfacesfromfluctuatinghumidity.Traditionalconservationtechniquesdevelopedunderstableclimateconditionsareofteninsufficienttoaddressthesenewrisks,requiringacombinationoftime-testedtraditionalcraftsmanshipandmodernclimateadaptationtechnologies.High-precision3Dscanninganddigitalarchivinghavebecomeimportanttoolsforpreservingdetailedrecordsofheritagesites,butdigitalrecordscannotreplacelivingtransmission;over-relianceondigitalarchivingrisksdivertingresourcesfromsupportforlivingheritagebearers,whoarethecorecarriersofintangibleculturalheritage.Thefundamentalgoalofculturalheritageconservationistoprotectculturaldiversityinaneraofacceleratingculturalhomogenizationdrivenbyglobalization.Thisrequiresrejectingone-size-fits-allevaluationstandardsrootedinWesternculturalframeworks,respectingtherightofdifferentcommunitiestodefinethevalueoftheirownheritage,andensuringthatconservationeffortssupport,ratherthandisplace,thecommunitiesthathavesustainedheritageforgenerations.

答题要求：译文需准确传递原文关于文化遗产保护的核心观点，术语符合文化遗产领域官方表述，语言流畅自然，兼具书面严谨性与文化传播的可读性，避免生硬翻译。二、汉译英试题1（20分）请将下列中文文本翻译成英语：长江是中华民族的母亲河，流域面积180万平方公里，覆盖全国19个省（自治区、直辖市），承载着全国40%以上的人口和经济总量，是我国重要的生态安全屏障和经济发展主轴。2021年3月《中华人民共和国长江保护法》正式施行以来，沿江各地各部门坚持生态优先、绿色发展的战略定位，把修复长江生态环境摆在压倒性位置，累计完成造林绿化面积1.2亿亩，治理水土流失面积8.5万平方公里，长江干流水质连续三年保持Ⅱ类，珍稀濒危物种种群数量稳步回升——曾被宣布功能性灭绝的长江江豚数量在2022年科考中达到1249头，较2017年增长23.4%，实现了“止跌回升”的历史性转变。

在生态环境质量持续改善的同时，沿江地区加快产业结构转型升级，累计淘汰落后化工产能超过4000万吨，培育壮大节能环保、新能源、先进制造等绿色产业集群，2022年长江经济带地区生产总值占全国比重达到46.5%，较2018年提高1.2个百分点，实现了生态保护和经济发展的协同共进。值得注意的是，长江生态保护不是短期攻坚战，而是需要久久为功的持久战，当前仍存在部分支流生态脆弱、农业面源污染治理难度大、跨区域协同机制不健全等问题，需要沿江各地打破行政壁垒，建立全流域统一的生态监测、执法、补偿机制，鼓励公众参与生态监督，让长江母亲河永葆生机活力。

答题要求：译文需准确传递中国生态保护政策的核心表述，专有名词翻译符合官方规范，符合英语正式政策文本表达习惯，语法严谨，无中式英语，逻辑衔接自然。试题2（20分）请将下列中文文本翻译成英语：基础研究是整个科学体系的源头，是所有技术问题的总机关，是实现高水平科技自立自强的根基。过去十年，我国基础研究投入快速增长，2022年全国基础研究经费支出达到1951亿元，是2012年的6.6倍，占全社会研发经费投入的比重提升至6.32%，在量子信息、干细胞、合成生物学、深空深海深地探测等领域取得了一批具有国际影响力的原创成果，为我国跻身创新型国家行列提供了坚实支撑。

但也要看到，与国际先进水平相比，我国基础研究仍然存在短板：一方面是投入结构仍待优化，企业参与基础研究的积极性不足，基础研究投入中企业占比不足7%，远低于发达国家20%以上的平均水平；另一方面是评价机制不够科学，对基础研究长周期、高不确定性的特征考量不足，存在“重数量、轻质量”“重短期产出、轻长期积累”的倾向，难以让科研人员沉下心来开展“从0到1”的原创性研究。针对这些问题，我国持续推进基础研究领域的体制机制改革，一方面加大财政投入的稳定支持力度，扩大高校和科研院所的科研自主权，建立符合基础研究规律的长周期评价机制，减少不必要的考核检查，让科研人员能够心无旁骛探索科学前沿；另一方面完善激励政策，通过税收优惠、联合基金等方式引导企业加大基础研究投入，构建多元投入的基础研究格局，同时加强科研诚信建设，营造风清气正的科研环境，力争在更多关键核心领域的源头创新上取得突破，为全球科学进步贡献中国智慧。

答题要求：译文需准确传递科技政策相关术语，专业概念翻译符合国际科技文本通用规范，句式严谨正式，逻辑清晰，准确传达原文的政策内涵。2024年度全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试一级笔译实务真题一、英译汉试题1（30分）请将下列英文文本翻译成汉语：Globalvaluechains(GVCs)haveundergonethreeconsecutiveyearsofstructuralreadjustmentsince2020,shiftingfromthedecades-longmodelofcost-drivenefficiencyprioritizationtoanewparadigmbalancingefficiency,securityandresilience.DatafromtheUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopment(UNCTAD)showsthatin2023,globalcross-borderdirectinvestmentinproductivesectorsreached$1.37trillion,ofwhich38%flowedtosectorsclassifiedasstrategicallycriticalforsupplychainresilience,includingsemiconductormanufacturing,renewableenergyequipment,criticalmineralprocessingandpharmaceuticalproduction,amarkedincreasefromthe18%sharerecordedin2019.Akeydriverofthisshiftistherepeatedsupplychaindisruptionsexperiencedinthepost-pandemicperiod,fromportcongestionandsemiconductorshortagesin2021toenergysupplyvolatilitytriggeredbyregionalconflictsin2022,whichcosttheglobaleconomyanestimated$1.2trillioninlostoutputin2022alone,promptinggovernmentsandmultinationalcorporationstoreassessthevulnerabilityofover-concentratedsupplychains.

Contrarytothenarrativeofwidespread“deglobalization”or“decoupling”,mostreadjustmentstoGVCshavetakentheformofdiversifiedlayoutratherthanfullfragmentation:multinationalcorporationsarenotwithdrawingfromexistingproductionbasesinemergingeconomies,butaddingredundantproductioncapacityindifferentgeographicregionstoreducesingle-pointfailurerisks,withSoutheastAsia,NorthAfricaandLatinAmericabecomingthemaindestinationsfornewcapacitylayout.The2023UNCTADWorldInvestmentReportalsowarnsthatuncoordinatedsupplychainresiliencepoliciesacrosscountriescouldleadtonewefficiencylosses:ifallcountriespursuefullylocalizedproductionofcriticalgoods,globalproductioncostscouldriseby15-20%inthenextdecade,disproportionatelyharminglow-incomecountriesthatrelyonGVCparticipationforeconomicgrowth.Thereportcallsformultilateralcoordinationonsupplychaingovernance,includingtheestablishmentofsharedcriticalmaterialreservemechanisms,unifiedcross-borderlogisticsfacilitationstandards,andopentechnologysharingplatformsforgreenproduction,tobuildagloballyinclusivesupplychainsystemthatbalancesresilience,efficiencyandequity.

答题要求：译文需准确传递国际经贸领域的专业术语与核心数据，符合汉语经贸文本的正式表达习惯，逻辑层级清晰，对经济概念的翻译符合国内官方通用表述。试题2（30分）请将下列英文文本翻译成汉语：Theacceleratingpaceoftechnologicalchange,demographicagingandlabormarkettransformationhasmadelifelonglearningnolongerapersonalchoiceforself-improvement,butacorepublicpolicypriorityforsustainingeconomiccompetitivenessandsocialequityacrossOECDmemberstatesandpartnereconomies.OECDdatashowsthatacrossthe38memberstates,anestimated1.1billionjobs—about40%oftotalemployment—willundergosignificantskillrequirementchangesby2030,drivenbythespreadofgenerativeAI,thetransitiontonet-zeroemissionsandtheagingoftheworkforce;onaverage,14%ofexistingjobtaskswillbeautomated,while10%ofnewtasksrelatedtoemergingoccupationswillbecreated,meaningthatworkerswillneedtoupdateatleast25%oftheirexistingskillsetstoremainemployable.

Yetaccesstolifelonglearningremainshighlyunequal:acrossOECDcountries,high-skilledworkersinfull-timeformalemploymentare3.7timesmorelikelytoparticipateinpubliclysubsidizedtrainingprogramsthanlow-skilledworkersininformalorprecariousemployment,andworkersovertheageof55haveaparticipationratelessthanone-thirdthatofworkersaged25-34.Thisgapriskswideningexistinglabormarketinequalities,asthegroupsmostvulnerabletotechnologicaldisplacementandindustrialtransformationareexactlythosewiththeleastaccesstoupskillingopportunities.The2023OECDSkillsOutlookreportnotesthateffectivelifelonglearningsystemsrequiresharedresponsibilityacrossgovernments,employersandindividuals:governmentsneedtoestablishportableindividuallearningaccountsthatfollowworkersacrossjobsandemploymentstatuses,ratherthantyingtrainingsubsidiestospecificemployers;employersneedtoincreaseinvestmentinon-the-jobtraining,withtargetedquotasforlow-skilledandolderworkers;andeducationinstitutionsneedtodevelopmoreflexible,micro-credentialprogramsalignedwithactuallabormarketneeds,ratherthanrelyingontraditionallong-cycledegreeprograms.Thereportalsoemphasizesthatlifelonglearningisnotonlyaboutemployment-relatedskills:civicliteracy,digitalcitizenship,andhealthliteracyareequallyimportantcomponents,tosupportindividualsinadaptingtosocialchangeandparticipatingfullyinpubliclife.

答题要求：译文需准确传递教育与就业领域的专业表述，语言平实严谨，符合汉语公共政策文本风格，数据翻译准确无误，逻辑通顺。二、汉译英试题1（20分）请将下列中文文本翻译成英语：传统村落是承载中华农耕文明的活态遗产，截至2023年底，我国已分六批将8155个具有重要历史文化价值的村落列入国家级传统村落名录，形成了世界上规模最大的农耕文明遗产保护群。这些村落分布在全国31个省（区、市），涵盖了不同民族、不同地域的建筑风格、民俗文化、传统技艺和生产生活方式，保存着全国超过40%的文物古迹和70%以上的传统民俗活动，是维系中华民族文化认同的重要纽带。

过去十年，中央财政累计投入超过300亿元用于传统村落保护修缮，累计修复传统建筑22万栋，改善了5万多公里的村内道路和供水、排污等基础设施，让很多曾经濒临破败的古村落重新焕发了生机。在保护的基础上，各地积极探索传统村落的可持续发展路径，避免出现“空心化”“过度商业化”的问题：有的村落依托传统农耕文化和非遗技艺发展乡村旅游、特色手工业，带动村民就地就业；有的村落结合本地资源发展有机农业、特色民宿，把生态优势和文化优势转化为发展优势；还有的村落通过建立村史馆、开展非遗进校园等活动，让年轻一代了解本土文化，培养本土传承人。传统村落保护的核心是“见人见物见生活”，不能把古村落变成没有居民的“博物馆式展品”，要在改善村民居住条件的同时，保留传统的邻里关系、节庆习俗和生产方式，让村落的文化活力能够代代传承。答题要求：译文需准确传递文化保护领域的专有概念，中国特色文化表述翻译符合对外传播规范，语言自然流畅，避免生硬直译，准确传达文化遗产保护的核心理念。试题2（20分）请将下列中文文本翻译成英语：截至2023年底，我国60岁及以上老年人口达到2.96亿，占总人口的21.1%，人口老龄化程度持续加深，对养老服务体系建设提出了更高要求。过去五年，我国加快构建居家社区机构相协调、医养康养相结合的养老服务体系，全国各类养老机构床位总数达到830万张，较2018年增长35%；社区养老服务设施覆盖全部城市社区和超过90%的农村社区，老年助餐、助浴、助洁、居家上门照护等服务不断向社区和家庭延伸，越来越多的老年人能够在家门口享受到便捷的养老服务。

针对失能失智老年人的长期照护需求，我国在49个城市开展长期护理保险制度试点，覆盖超过1.7亿参保人，累计有超过200万失能老年人享受到了专业的长期照护服务，有效减轻了失能老人家庭的经济和照护负担。同时，我国积极推进老年友好社会建设，开展老年人智能技术运用普及培训，整治互联网应用、公共服务场所的适老化障碍，严厉打击针对老年人的电信诈骗、消费欺诈等违法行为，切实维护老年人合法权益。养老服务发展的最终目标是让所有老年人都能享有有尊严、有品质的晚年生活，下一步我国将持续优化养老服务供给结构，重点加大对农村养老服务、普惠型养老服务的投入，鼓励社会力量参与养老服务供给，培养专业化的养老服务人才队伍，构建符合中国国情的养老服务模式，积极应对人口老龄化挑战。答题要求：译文需准确传递民生领域政策术语，符合英语公共政策文本的正式表达习惯，数据翻译精准，逻辑衔接顺畅，准确体现我国养老服务体系的政策内涵。2025年度全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试一级笔译实务真题一、英译汉试题1（30分）请将下列英文文本翻译成汉语：Themid-termreviewoftheKunming-MontrealGlobalBiodiversityFramework(GBF),releasedbytheConventiononBiologicalDiversity(CBD)Secretariatinlate2024,showsthatwhilesignatorycountrieshavemadenotableprogressinupdatingnationalbiodiversitystrategiesandexpandingprotectedareacoverage,theglobaltrajectoryofbiodiversitylossremainsunaltered,withonly15%ofthe23actiontargetssetfor2030currentlyontracktobemet.Asof2024,186countrieshavesubmittedrevisednationalbiodiversityactionplans,upfrom72attheendof2022;globalterrestrialprotectedareacoveragehasreached17.5%,andmarineprotectedareacoveragehasreached8.4%,movingclosertothe“30by30”targetofprotecting30%oflandandseaareasby2030.

However,thereportfindsthatmanyoftheprotectedareasdesignatedinthepasttwoyearslackeffectivemanagement:42%ofterrestrialprotectedareasfacethreatsfromillegallogging,poaching,unregulatedminingandagriculturalencroachment,and60%ofmarineprotectedareaslacksufficientenforcementcapacitytopreventoverfishingandmarinepollution.Thereportestimatesthattheglobalfundinggapforbiodiversityconservationstandsatapproximately$700billionperyear,andcurrentglobalfinancialflowsthatcauseharmtobiodiversity—includingsubsidiesforfossilfuels,industrialagricultureanddestructivefishing—total$5.9trillionperyear,fivetimeshigherthantotalglobalconservationspending.Thereportcallsonallsignatoriestoaligncross-sectoralpolicieswithbiodiversitygoals,reformharmfulsubsidyschemes,redirectfinancialflowstowardnature-positiveactivities,andensurethefullparticipationofindigenouspeoplesandlocalcommunitiesinconservationdecision-making.Thereportemphasizesthatindigenous-managedlands,whichaccountfor25%ofglobalterrestrialarea,support80%oftheworld’sremainingbiodiversity,yetindigenouscommunitiesreceivelessthan1%ofglobalconservationfunding.Recognizingandsupportingindigenousstewardshiprightsisnotonlyamatterofequity,butalsooneofthemostcost-effectivewaystomeetglobalbiodiversitytargets,asindigenous-managedlandsconsistentlyshowlowerdeforestationratesandhigherspeciesabundancethanformallyprotectedareasmanagedwithoutcommunityparticipation.

答题要求：译文需准确传递生态保护领域的专业术语与国际环境治理相关概念，符合汉语环境政策文本的严谨风格，专有名词（如《昆蒙框架》“30×30目标”等）采用国内生态环境部官方通用译法。试题2（30分）请将下列英文文本翻译成汉语：Therapidproliferationofgenerativeartificialintelligencesystemsoverthepasttwoyearshasbroughtunprecedentedopportunitiesforproductivitygrowthandpublicserviceimprovement,butithasalsogivenrisetonewsystemicrisksthatcannotbeaddressedbyanysinglecountryactingalone.UNESCO’s2024GlobalAIEthicsSurvey,covering120countries,findsthat68%ofcountrieshaveintroducednationalAIstrategiesorregulatoryframeworks,butonly22%oflow-incomecountrieshaveestablishedbasicgovernancerulesforAIdevelopmentanddeployment,creatingaglobalgovernancegapthatcouldleadtounequaldistributionofAIbenefitsandcross-borderspilloverofAIrisks.

Keyrisksidentifiedinthereportincludealgorithmicdiscriminationembeddedintrainingdata,whichcanperpetuategender,racialandsocioeconomicinequalitiesinhiring,lending,criminaljusticeandpublicservicedelivery;widespreadgenerationofdisinformationanddeepfakecontentthatthreatenselectoralintegrityandsocialtrust;andopacityinhigh-capacityAImodeldevelopment,wherelessthan10%oflargegenerativeAImodelspubliclydisclosedetailedinformationabouttrainingdatasources,modelparameterscaleandsafetytestingprotocols.ThereportrejectsthefalsechoicebetweenpromotingAIinnovationandensuringethicalgovernance:evidencefromcountriesthathaveimplementedrisk-basedAIregulatoryframeworksshowsthatclear,proportionaterulesincreasepublictrustinAIsystems,accelerateadoptionofAIinpublicinterestsectorssuchashealthcareandeducation,andreducethelong-termcostsofAI-relatedharms.ThecoreprinciplesofeffectiveglobalAIgovernance,asoutlinedinthereport,includeinclusive