2026秋人教版九年级英语Unit5 Grammar Focus：被动语态全方位重难点讲解+强化训练

SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit5PowerofIdeasUnderstandthedefinitionofthepassivevoiceandmasteritsbasicstructurebe+done.Knowthepassiveformsofdifferenttensesandmodalverbs..Masterspecialrulesforthepassivevoice.Finishvariousgrammarexercisesofseniorhighschoolentranceexamination.Objectives

被动语态全方位讲解一、定义与构成被动语态是动词的一种形式，主语与动作之间是被动关系，主语是动作的承受者（动作作用在主语身上）。1.基本构成：助动词be+动词的过去分词（done）时态通过be的形式变化体现，过去分词始终不变。

二、常见时态的被动语态结构

时态

主动语态（例句）

被动语态（例句）一般现在时

Hecleanstheroomeveryday.Theroomiscleaned

(byhim)everyday.一般过去时

Sheboughtabookyesterday.Abookwasbought(byher)yesterday.一般将来时

Theywillfinishtheworksoon.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)soon.现在进行时

Heiswritingaletter. Aletter

isbeingwritten

(byhim).过去进行时

Shewasmakingacake.

Acakewasbeingmade

(byher).现在完成时

Wehaveplantedmanyflowers.Manyflowershavebeenplanted

(byus).含有情态动词

的被动语态

Youmusthandinthehomework.Thehomework

mustbehanded

in(byyou).

被动语态全方位讲解三、被动语态动词结构汇总核心结构：be+done（动词过去分词）时态只改变be动词形式，done永远不变。否定：在助动词/be/情态动词后加not；疑问:把助动词/be/情态动词提到主语前面，done位置不变1.一般现在时被动语态动词结构：am/is/are+doneeg.Iamrespectedbyallmystudents.2.一般过去时被动语态动词结构：was/were+doneeg.Manyculturalrelicsweredamagedduringthewar.3.一般将来时被动语态动词结构：willbe+doneeg.Theoldbuildingwillberebuiltnextyear.4.现在进行时被动语态动词结构：am/is/are+beingdoneeg.Theoldbridgeisbeingrepairednow.5.过去进行时被动语态动词结构：was/were+beingdoneeg.Atthattime,thevaluablepaintingswerebeingstudiedbyexperts.6.现在完成时被动语态动词结构：have/has+beendoneeg.Agreatnumberofhistoricbuildingshavebeenprotectedsofar.7.含情态动词的被动：情态动词+be+doneeg.Theseprecioustreasuresmustbewellkept.

主语

谓语动词被动语态的过去分词介词+宾语Somepens

werebought(byus)

主语谓语动词主动语态的过去式宾语We

bought

pens.

四、主动句与被动句之间的转换主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。2.把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，注意其人称和数要随主语的变化，而动词的形式则保持不变。3.原主动句的主语如需要，则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。4.其它的成分（定语、状语）保持不变。过去式被动语态的几种句型肯定句

主语+be+过去分词+(by…)Anovelwaswrittenbyherin1990.否定句

主语+be+not+过去分词+(by…)一般疑问句

Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?

Anovelwasn’twrittenbyherin1990.Wasanovelwrittenbyherin1990?

特殊疑问句

疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?Whenwasanovelwrittenbyher?

被动语态全方位讲解五、被动语态的使用场景1.强调动作的承受者例：TheGreatWallwasbuiltbyancientChinesepeople.（长城是古代中国人民修建的。→强调修建的对象是长城）2.不知道或不必提及动作的发出者例:ThisancienttowerwasbuiltintheMingDynasty.（这座古塔建于明朝。→无需说明“谁建的）六、被动语态重难点考点突破1.带有双宾语的被动语态1.主动句：Shegaveme

acard.（双宾语：me和acard）被动句（两种形式）Iwasgivenacard(byher).（以人作主语）Acardwasgiventome(byher).（以物作主语，需加介词to）2.感官动词(see/notice/hear/...)和使役动词（make/let/...）的被动语态主动:Weheardhertellfunnystories.

（省略to的不定式作宾补）被动:Shewasheardtotellfunnystories.（主动句省to,被动句需还原to）

被动语态全方位讲解3.短语动词的被动语态

短语动词（如takecareof,lookafter,makegooduseof）作谓语时，要当作一个整体变为被动，介词/副词千万不能漏掉。主动：Theytakecareofthehomelesskids.被动：Thehomelesskidsaretakencareof(bythem).4.不及物动词没有宾语，不存在动作承受者，故无被动语态。常见不及物动词及短语：happen,occur,takeplace,breakout,appear,disappear,rise,come,go,die,arrive,belongto,cometrue,runout,comeout,consistof“由......组成”。误：Acaraccidentwashappened.（错）正：Acaraccidenthappened.（对）5.主动形式表被动含义1.)beworthdoing值得做某事；need/want/requiredoing需要被做；eg.Thefilmisworthwatching.这部电影值得一看。✅Thefilmisworthbeingwatched.❌2.)描述物品本身属性的动词，主语是物，常用

well/easily

修饰，形式主动，含义被动的动词有：sell,wash,read,write,open,lock例：Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.

这种布料很好清洗。Thispenwritessmoothly.这支笔写起来很流畅。

被动语态全方位讲解6.系动词不存在被动语态。常见系动词★be动词am/is/are/was/were...★感官系动词：look,sound,smell,taste,feel★变化系动词：become,turn,get,grow★保持系动词：keep,stay,remain✅Themusicsoundswonderful.这首音乐听起来很棒。❌Themusicissoundedwonderful.✅Thecaketastesnice.这块蛋糕尝起来很不错。❌Thecakeistastednice.✅Theleavesturnedyellow.树叶变黄了。❌Theleaveswereturnedyellow.✅Theroomremainsclean.房间保持干净。❌Theroomisremainedclean.7.与被动结构有关的短语或高级句型（应用在写作高级表达或者常出现在完成句子题）1.beborn出生2.beusedtodosth=beusedfordoingsth被用来做某事

3.bewidelyused被广泛使用4.beusedas...被用作5.beknown/well-knownfor.../as.../tosb

因...（特色）/身份而出名/为某人所熟知6.bemadeof/from/upof/into/gooduseof/bysb/for

/in.......

由.......制成/......组成/被制成/被好好利用/为某人制作/因......被制作/产自...7.bethoughtofas=beregardedas=beconsideredas=beseenas被看作/视为...8.beallowedtodosth被允许做某事9.beadvisedtodosth被建议做某事10.bemade/seen/heardtodosth被让/看见/听见做某事（主动省to;被动加to）11.becomparedwith...与......相比较12.befacedwith...面对；面临13.beconnected/linkedwith...与......有关系14.betiedto...与...紧密相联15.betakengoodcareof被照顾

16.bekeptfor+一段时间

被借....(多久)17.besoldout被卖光18.bechosentobe

被选为19.becausedby

由......引起20.befound/founded

被发现/被成立21.becoveredwith被......覆盖22.befilledwith=befullof装满;充满23.beseparatedfrom和……被分开

24.bedividedinto

被划分成25.belost迷路；bedressed(in)穿着；bemarried结婚

26.beexpectedtodosth被期待做某事27.besupposedtodosth应该做某事28.bepraised被赞美/hurt受伤/burnt烧伤/beaten被打/hit被撞/seated就座/laughedat被嘲

笑/writtenby

由...所写/held被举行/wornout穿坏/paidmuchattentionto...非常关注....../beshown上演/映

said

据说，......

reported据报道，......

believed人们相信，......

supposed据推测，......

generallyconsidered（人们）普遍认为，......

advised/suggested（有人）建议，......

highlyrecommended强烈推荐，......

announcedthat…据宣布……

known众所周知，......It’sthatReadthesentences.Circletheverbsinthepassivevoice.4aAmini-cameraisconnectedtothefrontoftheglasses.Theoilandsaltarealsoaddedbythemachineitself.Toys,chairs,tables,andevenhousescanallbemadebythe3Dprinter.AradiomessagewassentacrosstheAtlanticOceanforthefirsttimein1901.4b

Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Thetelephone(invent)byAlexanderBellin1876.Peopleallovertheworld(connect)toeachotherthroughtheinternet.Theword“robot”(introduce)forthefirsttimeinaplayin1920.wasinventedwasintroducedareconnected4.Itwasn'tsupposedtomakesuchaloudnoisewhenthebutton(press)tostartthemachine.5.Itisbelievedthattheworld‘soldestwheel

(find)inEasternEurope.waspressedwasfound4cCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.MakeaprofileoftheQinghai-XizangRailway.TheQinghai-XizangRailwaywascompletedin2006.It(connect)XiningtoLhasa,ahugedistanceof1,956kilometres,anditisthehighestrailwayintheworld,reaching5,072metresabovesealevelatTanggulaPass.connects

Thebuildingoftherailwaywasagreatchallenge.Creativeideas

（need）tosolvedifferentproblems.Insummer,thetoplayerofthefrozengroundwouldmeltandbecometoosofttobuildon,sopipes(use)tokeepthegroundhard.However,insomeplaces,itwasimpossibletobuildtherailwaythefrozenground,sotunnelshadto(create)instead.Insomeotherplaces,bridges(build)tokeeptherailwayupabovetheground.Thesebridgesareanimal-friendlyand(allow)animalstopassunderthetracks.wereneededwereusedbecreatedwerebuilt

allowAsanimportantandsuccessfulproject,therailwayhas(increase）tourismandeconomicdevelopmentinthearea.Thelessonslearntandexperiencegainedfrombuildingthisrailwaywillhelp(improve)transportinothersimilarplacesintheworld.increased(to)improve

强化训练一、单项选择题1.Thiskindoftea______inFujiananditisverypopulararoundtheworld.A.produces B.isproduced C.produced D.wasproduced答案：B 解析：主语tea与produce是被动关系，描述客观常态，用一般现在时被动（isproduced）。2.Manyancientbuildings______bypeoplehundredsofyearsago.A.build B.built C.werebuilt D.arebuilt答案：C解析：时间标志hundredsofyearsago为过去；主语buildings和build是被动关系，用一般过去时被动werebuilt。3.—Thesevaluableculturalrelics______well.—Yes,theyareourgreattreasure.A.mustprotect B.mustbeprotected C.mayprotect D.shouldprotect答案：B解析：情态动词must后接被动结构be+过去分词；文物是“被保护”。4.It’sreportedthatanewsciencemuseum______inourtownintwoyears.A.setsup B.setup C.willsetup D.willbesetup答案：D解析：时间标志intwoyears表将来；museum和setup是被动关系，一般将来时被动willbesetup。5.Look!Theoldbridge______byworkerstokeepsafeforcars.A.isrepairing B.repairs C.isbeingrepaired D.wasrepaired答案：C解析：提示词Look！强调此刻正在发生；主语bridge与repair为被动关系，现在进行时被动isbeingrepaired。6.Lotsofnewtrees______onthehillssincelastspring.A.plant B.areplanted C.havebeenplanted D.wereplanted答案：C解析：时间标志sincelastspring；主语trees和plant是被动关系，现在完成时被动havebeenplanted。7.Thechildren______totakegoodcareofthesmallanimalsinthelabyesterday.A.told B.aretold C.weretold D.tell答案：C解析：时间标志yesterday为过去；主语children与tell是被动关系，一般过去时被动weretold。8.Thisspecialmaterial______widely______makecamerasinourdailylife.A.is;usedto B.is;usedfor C.was;usedto D.was;usedfor答案：A解析：beusedtodosth.被用来做某事（后接动词原形）；beusedfordoingsth.（后接doing）。本空后是动词原形make，用to。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时is。故选A。9.Thiskindofcloth______easily,somanypeoplelikeit.A.iswashedB.washesC.waswashedD.washed答案：B解析：描述布料本身易于清洗的物品属性，主动形式表被动含义，不用被动语态；陈述客观特点用一般现在时。10.Thegirl______singanEnglishsongatthepartylastnight.A.washeardto B.washeard C.heardto D.heard答案：A解析：时间标志lastnight为过去；主语girl和hear是被动关系；感官动词hear主动句省to，被动语态必须还原不定式to，故用washeardto。11.Thelittlekid______finishallthehomeworkbeforegoingoutbyhisparentslastweekend.A.made B.wasmadeto C.wasmade D.ismadeto答案：B解析：时间标志lastweekend为过去；主语kid与make是被动关系；使役动词make，被动结构bemadetodo，需要还原to，一般过去时被动wasmadeto。12.Theseoldmagazines______.Youcanborrowthemafterreading.A.takegoodcareof B.mustbetakengoodcareofC.musttakegoodcareof D.aretakinggoodcareof答案：B解析：主语magazines和takegoodcareof为被动关系；情态动词must后接be+过去分词；短语动词takecareof变被动，介词of不可省略。13.Thisnewbook______wellandit______outinthreedays.A.sells;willbesold B.issold;willsell C.sells;willsell D.issold;willbesold答案：A解析：第一空描述书籍本身畅销的品质，主动表被动，用sells；第二空“卖光”是人为动作，要用被动语态willbesoldout。二、句型转换1.Peoplewidelyusethisnewkindofmaterialindailylife.（改为被动语态）Thisnewkindofmaterial____________widelyindailylife.答案：isused解析：原句一般现在时；宾语material变被动主语，单数，isused。2.Theywillholdasportsmeetinginourschoolnextweek.（改为被动语态）Asportsmeeting__________________inourschoolnextweek.答案：willbeheld解析：一般将来时被动结构willbe+过去分词。3.Theworkersbuiltthebridgethreeyearsago.（改为被动语态）Thebridge____________threeyearsago.答案：wasbuilt解析：threeyearsago一般过去时；bridge单数，wasbuilt。4.Theyincludealotofactionintheanimationtokeeptheaudienceentertained.（改为被动语态）Alotofaction________________intheanimationtokeeptheaudienceentertained.答案：isincluded解析：主动语态的宾语alotofaction变为被动语态的主语，用一般现在时被动语态（isincluded）。5.Farmersgrowthispopularkindoftea‑plantinthesouthofChina.（改为被动语态）Thispopularkindoftea‑plant____________inthesouthofChina.答案：isgrown解析：原句为一般现在时；宾语thispopularkindoftea‑plant变被动主语，单数，使用一般现在时被动isgrown。6.Theschoolwillbuildanewlabforstudentsnextterm.（改为被动语态）Anewlab__________________forstudentsnextterm.答案：willbebuilt解析：一般将来时被动结构willbe+过去分词。7.Somescientistsinventedthisusefulmachinetwoyearsago.（改为被动语态）Thisusefulmachine____________twoyearsago.答案：wasinvented解析：twoyearsago提示一般过去时；machine为单数主语，一般过去时被动wasinvented。8.Workersarerepairingtheoldmuseumatthemoment.（改为被动语态）Theoldmuseum__________________atthemoment.答案：isbeingrepaired解析：atthemoment“此刻”为现在进行时；主语museum和repair为被动关系，现在进行时被动isbeingrepaired。9.Peoplemusttakegoodcareoftheseancientworksofart.（改为被动语态）Theseancientworksofart____________goodcareof.答案：mustbetaken解析：情态动词must的被动结构为mustbe+过去分词；短语动词takecareof变被动，介词of不可省略。三、填空题（用括号内动词适当形式填空）Everyyear,thousandsofvisitors______(welcome)toenjoythelocalartshows.He______(give)achancetotakepartinthecompetitionlastmonth.Look!Theposters______(put)uponthewalltocallonpeopletosavewater.Itisbelievedthatmoregreenparks______(build)inourcityinthecomingyears.Daming________(choose)fortheschoolfootballteamlastyear.Sofar,manyoldhousesinthetown________(protect)bythegovernment.Thebrokenbridge________(repair)bysomeworkersatthistimeyesterday.Thesevaluableculturalrelics________(must/keep)awayfromtoomuchsunlight.Thelittleboy________(see)topickflowersinthegardenbyusyesterdayafternoon.Thiskindofnewmachine________(not/use)widelyinourdailylifenow.Alotofnewtrees________(plant)onthemountainswhenIgottherelastspring.It’sreportedthat