湖南省九校联盟2027届高三上学期第一次联考（衡阳一模） 英语试卷 含解析

高三英语一第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Conductingresearch. B.Guidingvisitorsaround. C.Developingacityplan.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Allthislandwasusedforagricultureyearsago.Nowit’sabusycity,whichwewillseemoreofonourtour.M:Sorry,butcouldweslowdown?Ithinkwe’velostsomeone.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillthemandoonThursday?A.Visitazoo. B.Treatsomeclients. C.Attendameeting.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Here’smyreportforthemeetingonThursday.W:Okay.Aren’tyoucoming?M:No,I’vegotthedayoff.I’mtakingmykidstothezooasatreat.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdothespeakerswanttoplay?A.Tennis. B.Basketball. C.Badminton.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Wecan’tusethegymtonightasthebasketballteamhaspractice.W:Whereshallweplay,then?Wecan’tusetheoutdoortenniscourtforbadmintoneither.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesn’tthewomanfeellikeeatingmeat?A.Sheistryingtoloseweight.B.Shehastocutcostsonmeat.C.Shefollowsherdoctor’sadvice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Idon’tfeellikehavinganymeatfordinnertonight.W:NeitherdoI.MytrainersaidIshouldcutbackonmeatifIwanttogetbacktomypreviousweight.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stheman’ssuggestion?A.Buyanewopener. B.Openthecapwithakey. C.Bitethetopoffwiththemouth.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Willyouhelpmewiththisbottle?Ican’tgetthetopoff.Ihaveanopener,butit’sbroken.M:Sure.Justturnthecapwithakeyuntilitcomesoff.Hereyougo.W:Thanks.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aweekendplan. B.Atravelexperience. C.Anewrestaurant.7.WhatwillthespeakersdothisSaturdaymorning?A.Dohomework. B.Visitamuseum. C.Gohiking.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?M:I’mplanningtogohikingonSaturday.Whataboutyou?W:Thatsoundsfun.Iwasthinkingofvisitingthenewmuseumortryingthatnewrestaurant.M:WhynotjoinusinhikingonSaturdaymorning?Thenwecanhavelunchtogether.W:Great!WhataboutSunday?M:I’llstayathometofinishmyhomework.W:Okay.Let’smeetat8o’clockonSaturdaymorning.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatistheRepairCafé?A.Alampshop. B.Arepairevent. C.Acoffeeshop.9.Whatshouldthemandotogettheitemrepaired?A.Bookonlinefirst. B.Payasmallfee. C.Bringhisowntools.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Joinasavolunteer. B.Putupaposter. C.Bringhislamp.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,GreenfieldCommunityCenter.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hi,IsawaposteraboutaRepairCaféthisweekend.Couldyougivemesomedetails?W:Sure.It’saneventwherepeoplebringbrokenitems,andourvolunteershelpfixthem.M:That’sgreat.Ihaveanoldlampthatdoesn’twork.Isthereanyfee?W:No,it’scompletelyfree.Youneedtobooka30-minuteappointmentonlinefirst.M:Isee.ShouldIbringmyowntools?W:Wehavesometools,butmostrepairerspreferusingtheirownequipment.M:OK.I’llregisternowandcomewithmylamponSaturday.W:Perfect.We’llseeyouthen.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhatisTom’sartprojectbasedon?A.Birds. B.Parks. C.Museums.12.WhatdoesTomthinkofthevisittotheBirdPark?A.Interesting. B.Educational. C.Disappointing.13.Wheredidthewomanfailtovisit?A.TheBirdPark.B.TheNaturalHistoryMuseum.C.TheNationalResearchCenter.【答案】11.A12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Howareyougettingonwithyourartproject,Tom?M:Well,I’veprettywellfinishedtheintroductorystage.Actually,Iwasnotinterestedinbirdsatfirst,butnowI’mstartingtogetintoit.IfoundIcouldobservesomanydifferentaspectsofbirds,suchascolor,movement,andsoon.SoIwasreallylookingforwardtotheBirdParkvisit,butitpouredwithrain.W:Iknow.Whataletdown.Wehardlysawasinglebird,fewerthanwesawonthetriptotheNaturalHistoryMuseum.M:Ifeltthesameway.TheworkshopsessionsintheNationalResearchCenterweregoodtoo,especiallythebrainstormingsessions.W:IreallywishedIcouldhavebeenthere.ImissedthosebecauseIwasill.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutancientGreece?A.Itleftfewhistoricalrecords.B.Ithadagreatinfluenceonscience.C.Itwasthebirthplaceofmanysports.15.Whathappenedtotheoriginalworks?A.Theywerealllost.B.Theywerepartiallypreserved.C.Somepiecesofthemwerethrownaway.16.WhatdoweknowaboutHermannDiels?A.Hewasthefirsttodiscoverthesetexts.B.Hegatheredandputthesetextsinorder.C.Heprovedthesetextswerescientificworks.【答案】14.B15.B16.B【解析】【原文】M:ProfessorBrown,I’mdoingresearchonancientGreece.Whatimpressedyoumostaboutit?W:I’dsayitslastingimpactonscience.TheGreekslaidthefoundationforgeometry,astronomy,andevenmedicine.M:Sotheywroteallthatdown?W:Theydid.Butmanyoriginalworkswerelostovertime.Fortunately,partsofthemwerekeptalivethroughlatercollectionsandquotations.M:That’slucky.Wasiteasyforlaterscholarstousethem?W:Notatall.Forcenturies,thesetextswerefoundindifferentbooks,whichmadethemveryhardtostudyasawhole.M:Sowhatchanged?W:Inthelate19thcentury,aGermanscholarnamedHermannDielsdidsystematicworkonthem.Hecollected,editedandorganizedthesepartsintoastandardcollection,whichlaidasolidfoundationforlaterresearchonearlyGreekthought.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whyisanewentrysystemintroduced?A.Tosavelabor. B.Tocollectpersonaldata. C.Tospeedupentry.18.Whatspaceissuitableforpeoplewantingagentleworkout?A.Thelargehall. B.Therestarea. C.Thestretchingroom.19.Whataretheguidedfitnesssessionsmainlyfor?A.Helpingbuildbasicfitnessskills.B.Trainingmembersforcompetitions.C.Coachingbeginnersinadvancedmoves.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker’stalk?A.Tointroducenewservices.B.Toadvertisepaidprograms.C.Tohireexperiencedcoaches.【答案】17.C18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:ThankyouforcomingtotheRiversideSportsCenter.Beforeyoustartusingthefacilities,I’dliketopresentsomeupdatesandnewserviceswenowprovide.Tobeginwith,wehaveintroducedanewentrysysteminsteadofshowingapapercard.Memberscannowscanacodeatthegate.Thischangeismeanttosavetime,especiallyduringbusyhours.Inaddition,thecenterhasaddedseveralindoorspacesfordifferentneeds.Ifyouprefergentleexercise,thereisastretchingroomonthesecondfloor.Forgroupactivities,thelargehallneartheentranceisavailable.FreeInternetaccessisprovidedinallareas.Finally,weofferweeklyguidedfitnesssessionsledbytrainedcoaches.Thesesessionsfocusonbasicstrength,balanceandflexibility,andaresuitableforbeginnersandlong-standingmembers.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,askourstaff.Wehopeyouenjoyyourtimehere.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFudanUniversityInternationalWinterProgramTheFudanUniversityInternationalWinterProgramisa3-weekEnglish-taughtstudyprogramheldeverywinter.Opentouniversitystudentsworldwide,itfosterscross-culturalunderstanding,broadensglobalperspectivesandbuildsmeaningfulconnectionsamongparticipants.ProgramInfoDuration:Dec.21,2026—Jan.8,2027Location:FudanUniversityHandanCampusApplicationPeriodEarly-BirdApplicationDeadline:11:00,Aug.31,2026Early-BirdTuition(学费)PaymentDeadline:11:00,Sep.4,2026Non-ChineseApplicants’ApplicationDeadline:11:00,Nov.9,2026ChineseApplicants’ApplicationDeadline:11:00,Nov.23,2026QualificationCollegestudentsabove18yearsofagewithsufficientEnglishproficiencyandgoodhealth.ActivitiesBeyondacademiclectures,studentswilltakepartincitytours,enterprisevisitsandculturalevents.Participationinactivitiesisvoluntaryandfreeofcharge,exceptforthetriptoZhouzhuangWaterTown,whichcostsabout350yuanperperson.Registrationisrequiredforallactivities,andsomehavelimitedcapacity.FeesApplicationFee:CNY400Tuition:StandardpriceCNY18,000;CNY16,000withearly-birddiscountInclusions:Allcoursetuition,culturalactivityfeesandcorporatevisitfeesExclusions:AccommodationandtransportationRefundPolicy1.Forrefundrequestsduetopersonalreasons:•Theapplicationfeeisnon-refundableunlessphysicalinconveniencesareconfirmed.•Tuitionpaidattheearly-birddiscountedrate:60%ofthepaidtuitionwillberefunded•Tuitionpaidatthestandardprice:50%ofthepaidtuitionwillberefunded2.Allrefundswillbeprocessedviatheoriginalpaymentchannel.Anybankhandlingfeesgeneratedduringtherefundprocessshallbebornebystudents.21.Whocanapplyfortheprogram?A.A30-year-oldEnglishteacheratauniversity. B.A17-year-oldexchangestudentingoodhealth.C.A19-year-oldcollegestudentwithfluentEnglish. D.A20-year-olduniversitystudentwithheartdisease.22.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprogram’sactivities?A.Allofthemarefreeofcharge.B.Studentsregisterforthemoncampus.C.Theyconsistofacademiclecturesonly.D.Someofthemadmitarestrictednumberofmembers.23.Howmuchmightbetheleastrefundifanapplicantwashospitalized?A.CNY8,400． B.CNY9,000． C.CNY9,400． D.CNY9,600．【答案】21.C22.D23.C【解析】【导语】文章主要介绍了复旦大学国际冬季项目的申请信息、活动内容、费用及退款政策等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Qualification部分中“Collegestudentsabove18yearsofagewithsufficientEnglishproficiencyandgoodhealth.(年满18岁、具备足够英语能力且身体健康的在校大学生)”可知，一名19岁、英语流利的在校大学生符合申请条件。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Activities部分中“Registrationisrequiredforallactivities,andsomehavelimitedcapacity.(所有活动均需报名，部分活动有人数限制)”可知，部分活动接纳的成员数量有限。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据RefundPolicy中“Theapplicationfeeisnon-refundableunlessphysicalinconveniencesareconfirmed.(申请费不予退还，除非确认有身体不便)”以及“Tuitionpaidatthestandardprice:50%ofthepaidtuitionwillberefunded(按标准价格支付的学费：将退还已支付学费的50%)”可知，若申请人因住院（身体原因）申请退款，申请费400元可退还；要得到最少退款，对应按标准价格缴纳学费的情况，可退还已缴学费的50%，即18000×50%+400=9400元，为最少退费金额。BAttheJamesE.FoyInformationDeskinAuburnUniversity’sstudentcenter,phoneshavebeenringingsince1953.Backthen,encyclopedias(百科全书)andphonebookswerepiledonthedesk.Today,threeiMacshavereplacedthem.Butthephonenumberremainsthesame,andsodoesthemission—answeranyquestion,nomatterhowstrange.Thecallscomefromallovertheworld.WhatistheaveragecostofanacreoflandinTexas?HowdoyougettheSuperSeruminCallofDuty?Whoisthemostfamouspersonalive?Studentsworkingatthedeskhandlethemallwithremarkablepatience.“Yes,ma’am”and“No,sir”punctuate(不时穿插)everyconversation,especiallywhenthecallerhasathickSouthernaccent.Somecallershavebecomeregulars.Beulahcallsfrequentlywithquestionsaboutwildlife—asnakeinherhouse,afoxinheryard,aspideronhercurtains.Hercallsoftenlast15minutes,farlongerthantheusualtwominutes.Thestudentsdon’tknowmuchabouther—whereshelives,whosheis—buttheymissherwhenshedoesn’tcall.“Ireallyhopeshe’sOK,”onestudentsaid.Othercallsaremorepersonal.BraxtonStacey,astudentsupervisor,onceansweredacallfromanelderlywomanwhospokefornearlyanhour.Shewasn’taskingmuchofanything—justtellinghimabouthergrandkidsandherhouserepairs.Attheend,shementionedthatafriendhadrecentlypassedaway.“Sheneededsomebody,”Staceyrecalled.“Ididn’thavetosaymuch.Itfeltgoodjusttolethertalktome.”CoraBaldwin,asoft-spokensenior,rememberedadifferentcaller—anoldermanwhoaskedaboutcelebrities’birthdays.Asshereadthemaloud,hemurmured,“Thatmakessense.”Thenheaskedforherbirthdayandtoldher,“Youdon’twanttobeasoftwareengineer.Youwanttoworkwithpeople.”Hewasright—thoughshehadneversaiditaloud.Tohercolleagues,shehadalwaysseemeddestinedforcoding.Butshelateradmitted,“I’vealwayshadempathytowardbrokenpeople.”WhydopeoplestillcallsomeoneonthelandlineintheageoftheInternet?Perhapsbecausethebestanswerisn’talwaysafact,butsomeonewillingtolisten.24.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningthequestionsinparagraph2?A.Toshowthewidevarietyofquestions. B.Topraisestudents’remarkablepatience.C.ToexplaintheDesk’sworldwidepopularity. D.ToprovethecomplexityofSouthernaccents.25.WhatdoesBeulahusuallydowhenshephonestheDesk?A.Sharestoriesaboutherdailylife. B.Askaboutcelebrities’birthdays.C.Sharestoriesabouthergrandkids. D.Askaboutcreaturesatherhome.26.HowdidtheelderlywomanfeelbeforetalkingwithStacey?A.Anxious. B.Relieved. C.Curious. D.Lonely.27.WhathastheauthorcometorealizeabouttheDesk?A.Sympathyisthepursuitofitscallers. B.Technologygivesrisetoitspopularity.C.Asympatheticearcanbethebestresponse. D.Factsarealwayssecondarytogoodlisteners.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.C【解析】【导语】文章讲述了奥本大学学生中心信息台自1953年以来为世界各地来电者答疑解惑，展现了耐心倾听与人文关怀的价值。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thecallscomefromallovertheworld.WhatistheaveragecostofanacreoflandinTexas?HowdoyougettheSuperSeruminCallofDuty?Whoisthemostfamouspersonalive?(电话来自世界各地。德克萨斯州一英亩土地的平均成本是多少？如何在《使命召唤》中获得超级血清？谁是活着的最有名的人？)”可推知，作者列举这些不同类型的问题，是为了说明信息台接到的问题范围非常广泛，从而体现其“回答任何问题”的使命。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Beulahcallsfrequentlywithquestionsaboutwildlife—asnakeinherhouse,afoxinheryard,aspideronhercurtains.(Beulah经常打电话询问有关野生动物的问题——她房子里的蛇、院子里的狐狸、窗帘上的蜘蛛)”可知，Beulah通常打电话询问她家中的生物。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Shewasn’taskingmuchofanything—justtellinghimabouthergrandkidsandherhouserepairs.Attheend,shementionedthatafriendhadrecentlypassedaway.“Sheneededsomebody,”Staceyrecalled.(她并没有问太多事情——只是告诉他关于她的孙子和房屋修缮的事。最后，她提到一个朋友最近去世了。“她需要有人（倾诉），”Stacey回忆道)”可知，这位老人打电话并非为了获取信息，而是需要一个倾听者。由此可知，她与Stacey交谈前感到孤独。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WhydopeoplestillcallsomeoneonthelandlineintheageoftheInternet?Perhapsbecausethebestanswerisn’talwaysafact,butsomeonewillingtolisten.(为什么在互联网时代，人们仍然会拨打固定电话找某个人？也许因为最好的回答并不总是一个事实，而是一个愿意倾听的人)”可推知，作者意识到，一个富有同情心的倾听者可能是最好的回应。CInthePhilippines,buyinggoodsinaffordable,piecemealquantitiesiswovenintodailylife.Decadesbeforeplasticsbecamewidespread,Filipinos(菲律宾人)broughtusedglassjarsandbottlestobuyhouseholdessentials.Theintroductionofsachets(小袋)intothemarket—convenient,cheapandpre-packedinsmallvolumes—quicklychangedthisdynamic.Itwasn’tlongbeforelandfillswereoverwhelmedwiththesemulti-layeredsachetsthatrefusedtobreakdown,eventuallyleakingintowaterwaysandouttotheocean.KhateNolasco,adistrictofficialinMalabon,feelsthisproblemacutely.Everytyphoonseason—atleast20stormsstrikethecountryeachyear—thelow-lying,flood-pronecityisawashinrubbish,whichblocksestuaries(河口)anddrains.Clearingoperationscantakeaslongasamonth,shesays,anditismismanagedplasticwastethatgetsleftbehind:packetsofsoysauce,vinegarandshampoo.InJuly2024,withthesupportofalocalleader,NolascolaunchedTingiTindahan.Modelledafterthesari-saristoresthatdotFilipinoneighbourhoods,thenewstorestockshouseholdgoodswithasimpledifference:noplasticpackaging.Itstoresproductsinbigglassjarswithhandwrittenlabels.Liquidslikeoilandvinegarflowfromspouts(管口),whiledrygoodsarescoopedandweighedonascale.Customersbringtheirowncontainerstofill,whichcanrangefromemptywaterbottlestooldbiscuittins.WhenTingiTindahanopenedlastyear,residentswerequitehesitant.Butwithinmonths,itgainedsteadycustomers.Nolascoexplainspeoplecomparedreceiptsandnoticedthestoreundercutsupermarketsonrice,oil,andstaples.Thestore’sconvenientlocationandfriendlyservicewerealsoappreciated,butthepricedrovethechange.Whiletheireffortshavenotcompletelysolvedtheirplasticwasteproblem,Nolascosayssheandthewasteworkersintheirdistrictfeeltheymakeanimportantcontribution.Theyestimatetheirinitiativehashelpedpreventatleast145,000sachetsfromlandfill.28.Whatisamajorconcernaboutthewideuseofsachets?A.Causingmoretyphoons. B.Reducingproductvariety.C.Threateningtraditionalpackaging. D.Producingnon-biodegradablewaste.29.HowdocustomerspurchasegoodsfromTingiTindahan?A.Theybuytheminpre-packedsachets. B.Theyweighthemonascalebeforebuying.C.Theybringreusablecontainersforrefilling. D.Theyreceivefreeglassjarsfromthestoretofill.30.Whatmainlyshiftedresidents’attitudetowardTingiTindahan?A.Convenienceinshopping. B.Excellentcustomerservice.C.Priceedgeoversupermarkets. D.Varietiesofhouseholdgoods.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.JarsReturn:AFilipinoPlasticFix B.Sachets:AMajorPollutionSourceC.Sachets:ATroublesomeConvenience D.JarsReturn:AComebacktoTradition【答案】28.D29.C30.C31.A【解析】【导语】文章主要报道了菲律宾官员开设无塑料包装商店，鼓励居民自带容器购物以减少塑料垃圾。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itwasn’tlongbeforelandfillswereoverwhelmedwiththesemulti-layeredsachetsthatrefusedtobreakdown,eventuallyleakingintowaterwaysandouttotheocean.(不久，垃圾填埋场就被这些无法分解的多层小袋所淹没，最终渗入水道并流入海洋)”可知，小袋被广泛使用产生的主要担忧是它们会产生无法生物降解的废弃物。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Customersbringtheirowncontainerstofill,whichcanrangefromemptywaterbottlestooldbiscuittins.(顾客自带容器来装货，从空水瓶到旧饼干罐都可以)”可知，顾客在TingiTindahan购物时需要自带可重复使用的容器到店内进行灌装采购商品。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Nolascoexplainspeoplecomparedreceiptsandnoticedthestoreundercutsupermarketsonrice,oil,andstaples.Thestore’sconvenientlocationandfriendlyservicewerealsoappreciated,butthepricedrovethechange.(Nolasco解释说，人们比较了收据，发现这家商店在大米、油和主食方面比超市便宜。这家店的便利位置和友好的服务也受到了赞赏，但价格推动了变化)”可知，居民对TingiTindahan态度发生转变的主要因素是该店相比超市具有价格优势。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章先指出菲律宾因小袋塑料包装产生严重污染，接着介绍KhateNolasco开设无塑料包装商店TingiTindahan，用大玻璃罐散装商品，鼓励居民自带容器购物，有效减少了塑料垃圾。由此可知，A项“JarsReturn:AFilipinoPlasticFix(玻璃罐回归：菲律宾的塑料解决方案)”最能概括文章主旨。DNewresearchinScientificReportsfindscertaingiraffescanmentallycombinequantities,afoundationforcomplexnumberskills.ZootestsinBarcelonaconfirmedtwooffourgiraffesconsistentlypassedthecarrot-basedmathtest.Numericalthinkingwasoncethoughttobeuniquetohumans.Yetoverrecentdecades,researchershavediscoveredmanyanimalscanprocessquantities.Oneearlierstudyfoundgiraffesoutperformedeightotherungulates(有蹄类动物)atquantitydistinction.Anothershowedgiraffescanalsoconsiderprobabilitieswhenchoosingfood—theychoosetheoneswithproportionallymorecarrots.Loidi,leadauthoroftheScientificReportspaper,saysthesefindingsinspiredthemtogivethegiraffesthislatesttest.InavideoofgiraffeNurutakingthetest,thefirstyellowcontainerhastwocarrotsticks,thesecondyellowcontainerhasthree,andthegreencontainerhastwo.Loidithenaddstwocarrotsticksfromthegreencontainertothefirstyellowcontainer.Afterashortpause,Nurucorrectlychoosesthefirstcontainer,thenchomps(大声地吃)downonherrewardoffourcarrotsticks.Tomaketherightdecision,Nuruhadto“handlethosequantitiesinhermind”,holdingeachone,addingtherelevantamountstogether,andunderstandingthat2+2isgreaterthan3,Loidisays.Inmultiple-roundtests,twogiraffes,NuruandNjano,passedwithflyingcolors.However,becausethegiraffesmostlikelydon’tassignsymbolstostandinforthequantities,thewayhumansandsomeotheranimalscan,“it’snotrealaddition,”Loidiclarifies.“It’smoreliketheperceptualbasisforaddition”—possiblyreflectingthesamementalprocesseswehavebuiltontocreatemorecomplexmath.“Knowinggiraffes’skilllevelletsuspeekintohowtheynavigatetheworldandseehowthemindhasevolvedfromawiderview,”saysLoidi.“Whilewecan’tknowexactlywhygiraffeshavetheseabilities,theymayusethemforsurvivalandsocialchoices.Aswesharetheplanetwithgiraffesandothercreatures,theirskillsofferanimportantreminder:Theseanimalshavemuchtoshowus.Theyarecognitivebeings,andwearenottheonlyintelligentanimals.”32.Whatinspiredtheselectionofgiraffesastestsubjects?A.Theirgiftforfooddistinction. B.Theirinterestincarrots.C.Theirabilitytocountnumbers. D.Theirsensitivitytoquantities.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“withflyingcolors”inparagraph3mean?A.Eventually. B.Conditionally. C.Narrowly. D.Excellently.34.HowdidNurupassthetest?A.Bycomparingcontainercolors. B.Byrememberingfoodsymbols.C.Bycombiningcarrotsmentally. D.Bycountingcarrotsonebyone.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Giraffes’skillsareforsocialrecreation. B.Giraffeshaveawiderviewoftheworld.C.Animalintelligencedeservesrecognition. D.Humansgetafullpictureofgiraffes’world.【答案】32.D33.D34.C35.C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了科学研究发现长颈鹿能在头脑中组合数量，具备初步数量思维的基础，并由此探讨动物智能的价值。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Oneearlierstudyfoundgiraffesoutperformedeightotherungulatesatquantitydistinction.Anothershowedgiraffescanalsoconsiderprobabilitieswhenchoosingfood—theychoosetheoneswithproportionallymorecarrots.Loidi,leadauthoroftheScientificReportspaper,saysthesefindingsinspiredthemtogivethegiraffesthislatesttest.(一项早期研究发现长颈鹿在数量辨别方面优于其他八种有蹄类动物。另一项研究表明长颈鹿在选择食物时还能考量概率，它们会挑选胡萝卜占比更多的食物。《科学报告》论文的首席作者洛伊迪表示，这些发现促使他们对长颈鹿进行了这项最新测试)”可知，长颈鹿对数量的敏感度，促使研究者选择长颈鹿作为实验对象。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Afterashortpause,Nurucorrectlychoosesthefirstcontainer,thenchomps(大声地吃)downonherrewardoffourcarrotsticks...

Inmultiple-roundtests,twogiraffes,NuruandNjano,passedwithflyingcolors.(短暂停顿后，Nuru正确地选出了第一个容器，然后大口咀嚼了她获得的四根胡萝卜作为奖励……在多轮测试中，两只长颈鹿Nuru和Njano____通过测试。)”可知，能在测试中做出正确判断并得到奖励，说明withflyingcolors意为“出色地”。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Tomaketherightdecision,Nuruhadto“handlethosequantitiesinhermind”,holdingeachone,addingtherelevantamountstogether(为了做出正确选择，Nuru必须在脑中处理这些数量，记住每一份数量，把相关数值相加)”可知，Nuru是在脑中整合胡萝卜的数量来通过测试。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theseanimalshavemuchtoshowus.Theyarecognitivebeings,andwearenottheonlyintelligentanimals.(这些动物有很多值得我们了解的地方。它们是拥有认知能力的生物，人类并非唯一具备智慧的动物)”可推知，动物的智慧值得被认可。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Heartdiseasehaslongbeenpicturedasaproblemoftheold,theoverweightandtheinactive.___36___Actually,researchshowsthatquiteafewheartattackpatientshavenoneofthetraditionalriskfactors.LindaMarsh,a60-year-oldmedicaljournalist,learnedthislessonthehardway.Shewatchedherdiet,exercisedregularly,andhadhealthybloodpressure.Sincecancerhadclaimedseveralofherrelatives,shewasproactiveaboutscreeningforit.___37___Whenastrangetightnessinherchestcameandwentoveraweekend,shetalkedherselfintobelievingitwasnothingmorethanindigestion.Onlyabloodtestrevealedthetruththatseveralofherheart’sbloodvesselswerealmostcompletelyblocked.Doctorscouldfindnothinginherlifestyletoexplaintheattack.___38___Herfatherunderwentheartsurgeryinhis70s,andtherewas,shelaterdiscovered,moreheartdiseaseonhermother’ssideofthefamily.Thatis,genescanquietlyraisetheoddsevenwhenalifestylelooksperfect—arisknoscanpredictsandnolifestyleerases,butonethebodymaysignalinsubtleways.___39___Inwomenespecially,redflags,likediscomfortinthejaw,backorarms,shortnessofbreath,oracoldsweat,areofteneasilymissed.Becausesuchsymptomsappearanddisappear,theyarefrequentlymistakenforminorcomplaintsandbrushedaside.Noneofthis,however,shouldsuggestthathealthyhabitsarepointless.Theylowertheriskofheartdiseaseandspeedrecoveryafterit.___40___Thewisestresponsetoasuspicioussymptom,asMarshnowtellsherreaders,isthereforenottoreasonitawaybuttogetcheckedimmediately.A.Whattheycannotdoispromisetotalprotection.B.Thatbelief,however,isdangerouslyincomplete.C.Itturnedoutthattheanswerlayinherfamilyhistory.D.Bycontrast,heartdiseasesimplynevercrossedhermind.E.Shedroveherselftothehospitalwithouttellingherfamily.F.Thankstomodernmedicine,heartattackstodayarefarlessdangerous.G.Despiteinbornfactors,knowingthewarningsignscansavepeople’slives.【答案】36.B37.D38.C39.G40.A【解析】【导语】文章主要讲述了心脏病并非仅与不良生活习惯相关，遗传因素和易被忽视的症状同样危险，强调警惕身体信号并及时就医的重要性。【36题详解】上文“Heartdiseasehaslongbeenpicturedasaproblemoftheold,theoverweightandtheinactive.(长期以来，心脏病一直被认为是老年人、超重者和缺乏运动者的问题)”说明人们对心脏病的传统认知。空处和前文为转折关系，引出这种认知的局限性。下文“Actually,researchshowsthatquiteafewheartattackpatientshavenoneofthetraditionalriskfactors.(事实上，研究表明，相当多的心脏病发作患者没有传统的危险因素)”进一步说明传统认知的不足。所以B项“然而，这种认知是极其片面且危险的”符合语境。B项中的“Thatbelief”与前文的传统认知相呼应。【37题详解】上文“Sincecancerhadclaimedseveralofherrelatives,shewasproactiveaboutscreeningforit.(由于癌症夺去了她几位亲人的生命，她很主动地进行癌症筛查)”说明LindaMarsh对癌症很警惕。空处和前文为对比关系，说明她对心脏病毫无防备。下文“Whenastrangetightnessinherchestcameandwentoveraweekend,shetalkedherselfintobelievingitwasnothingmorethanindigestion.(整个周末，她的胸口反复出现莫名的紧缩感，她说服自己相信那不过是消化不良)”进一步说明她未重视心脏问题。所以D项“相比之下，她根本没想到心脏病”符合语境。【38题详解】上文“Doctorscouldfindnothinginherlifestyletoexplaintheattack.(医生从她的生活方式中找不到任何可以解释这次心脏病发作的原因)”说明生活方式不是病因。空处和前文为顺接关系，引出真正的病因。下文“Herfatherunderwentheartsurgeryinhis70s,andtherewas,shelaterdiscovered,moreheartdiseaseonhermother’ssideofthefamily.(她的父亲在70多岁时接受了心脏手术，后来她发现，她母亲那边的家族中有更多的心脏病)”具体说明家族病史。所以C项“事实证明，答案在于她的家族病史”符合语境。C项中的“familyhistory”与下文内容相呼应。【39题详解】下文“Inwomenespecially,redflags,likediscomfortinthejaw,backorarms,shortnessofbreath,oracoldsweat,areofteneasilymissed.(尤其是在女性中，危险信号，如下颌、背部或手臂不适，呼吸急促或出冷汗，往往很容易被忽视)”说明心脏病症状易被忽略。空处和下文为顺接关系，说明了解这些症状的重要性。所以G项“尽管有先天因素，但了解警告信号可以挽救人们的生命”符合语境。G项中的“warningsigns”与下文中的“redflags”相呼应。【40题详解】上文“Noneofthis,however,shouldsuggestthathealthyhabitsarepointless.Theylowertheriskofheartdiseaseandspeedrecoveryafterit.(然而，这些都不应表明健康的习惯毫无意义。它们降低心脏病风险并加速病后康复)”说明健康习惯的作用。空处和前文为转折关系，说明健康习惯的局限性。下文“Thewisestresponsetoasuspicioussymptom,asMarshnowtellsherreaders,isthereforenottoreasonitawaybuttogetcheckedimmediately.(因此，正如Marsh现