2026 高考江苏卷英语真题试卷及答案

2026高考江苏卷英语真题试卷及答案第1页共1页2026高考江苏卷英语真题试卷及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatisthepasttenseformoftheverb"toread"?A.ReadB.ReadsC.ReadedD.Roded参考答案：A2.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihaveatebreakfast.B.Shehasgonetothestore.C.Theyhavebeenatschoolfortwohours.D.Wehadfinishedthework.参考答案：B3.Inthesentence"Thedogbarksloudly,"whatisthesubject?A.ThedogB.BarksC.LoudlyD.The参考答案：A4.Whichprepositionshouldbeusedtoindicatethelocationofabookonashelf?A.InB.OnC.AtD.To参考答案：B5.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformthepluralof"child"?A.ChildsB.ChildesC.ChildrenD.Child参考答案：C6.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepassivevoice?A.TheballwasthrownbyJohn.B.Johnthrowstheball.C.TheballisthrownbyJohn.D.Johnisthrowingtheball.参考答案：A7.Whatisthecorrectwaytouseacommainacompoundsentence?A.Ilikeapples,andIlikeoranges.B.Ilikeapplesand,Ilikeoranges.C.Ilikeapples;Ilikeoranges.D.Ilikeapples,Ilikeoranges.参考答案：A8.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthegerund?A.Readingismyfavoritehobby.B.Ireadbooksforfun.C.Sheisreadingabook.D.Hereadseveryday.参考答案：A9.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformthepastparticipleoftheverb"towrite"?A.WrittenB.WritesC.WroteD.Writing参考答案：A10.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseoftheconditionaltense?A.IfIhadacar,Iwouldgotothestore.B.IwillgotothestoreifIhaveacar.C.IgotothestoreifIhaveacar.D.IwouldgotothestoreifIhaveacar.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thebook,______byJaneAusten,isaclassicofEnglishliterature.参考答案：written2.Ifthetemperaturedropsto-5°C,waterwill______.参考答案：freeze3.Thechemicalsymbolforgoldis______.参考答案：Au4.Inaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthelengthofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresofthelengthsoftheothertwosides,knownas______.参考答案：Pythagoreantheorem5.ThecapitalofJapanis______.参考答案：Tokyo6.ThepHscalemeasuresthe______ofasolution.参考答案：acidity7.ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthelengthofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresofthelengthsoftheothertwosides.参考答案：Pythagoreantheorem8.Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately______meterspersecond.参考答案：2997924589.TheGreatWallofChinaislocatedin______.参考答案：China10.Theprocessofphotosynthesisoccursinthe______ofplants.参考答案：chloroplasts三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.参考答案：√2.WilliamShakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthe17thcentury.参考答案：×3.ThechemicalsymbolforgoldisAu,derivedfromitsLatinnameAurum.参考答案：√4.Photosynthesisprimarilyoccursinthechloroplastsofplantcells.参考答案：√5.ThecapitalcityofAustraliaisSydney.参考答案：×6.ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthelengthofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresoftheothertwosides.参考答案：√7.TheRenaissancewasaperiodofculturalchangeandartisticinnovationthatbeganinthe14thcenturyinItaly.参考答案：√8.Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond.参考答案：√9.TheEiffelTowerwasoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejected.参考答案：√10.Thehumangenomeconsistsof23pairsofchromosomes.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Whatisthemainfunctionoftheskininthehumanbody?参考答案：Theskinactsasaprotectivebarrier,regulatingbodytemperature,andsensingtouch,temperature,andpain.2.Describetheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants.参考答案：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergy,usingcarbondioxideandwatertoproduceglucoseandoxygen.3.Howdoesthecirculatorysystemworktotransportnutrientsandoxygenthroughoutthebody?参考答案：Thecirculatorysystemtransportsnutrientsandoxygenthroughoutthebodyviablood,pumpedbytheheart,andcirculatedthroughbloodvessels.4.Explaintheroleofenzymesinbiologicalreactions.参考答案：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinthebodybyloweringtheactivationenergyrequired.5.Whataretheprimarycausesofclimatechangeaccordingtoscientificconsensus?参考答案：Theprimarycausesofclimatechangearegreenhousegasemissions,deforestation,andindustrialactivities.6.Describethestructureandfunctionofaneuroninthenervoussystem.参考答案：Aneuronisaspecializedcellinthenervoussystemthattransmitselectricalandchemicalsignals.Itconsistsofacellbody,dendrites,andanaxon.7.Howdoesgravityaffectthemotionofplanetsinthesolarsystem?参考答案：Gravityaffectsthemotionofplanetsbyprovidingthecentripetalforcethatkeepstheminorbitaroundthesun.8.Explaintheconceptofrenewableenergyanditsimportancefortheenvironment.参考答案：Renewableenergycomesfromnaturalsourcesthatarereplenishedconstantly,suchassunlight,wind,andwater.Itisimportantfortheenvironmentbecauseitreducesgreenhousegasemissionsandpollution.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Thelocalcommunitycenterishostingaseriesofworkshopsaimedatimprovingresidents'skillsandknowledge.Thefirstworkshop,scheduledfornextSaturday,isabasiccookingclassledbyarenownedchef.Thechefwillteachparticipantshowtopreparesimple,healthymealsusingfreshingredients.Theclassisdesignedforbeginnersandwillcoverfundamentalcookingtechniques.Participantswillhavetheopportunitytopracticetheirskillsunderthechef'sguidance.Theworkshopisfree,butspaceislimited,sointerestedindividualsareencouragedtosignupearly.Thesecondworkshop,takingplacethefollowingSunday,isagardeningseminar.Experiencedgardenerswillsharetheirtipsongrowingvegetablesandflowersinsmallspaces.Bothworkshopsareopentothepublicandarepartofthecommunitycenter'songoingefforttopromotehealthylivingandlifelonglearning.1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheworkshops?A.ToraisemoneyforthecommunitycenterB.ToteachresidentsnewskillsandknowledgeC.ToprovideentertainmentforlocalchildrenD.Toorganizesocialeventsforadults参考答案：B2.Whenisthebasiccookingclassscheduled?A.ThisSaturdayB.NextSaturdayC.SundayD.ThefollowingSaturday参考答案：B3.Whowillleadthebasiccookingclass?A.LocalgardenersB.ExperiencedchefsC.CommunityvolunteersD.Healthexperts参考答案：B4.Whatwillparticipantslearninthebasiccookingclass?A.HowtogrowvegetablesB.BasiccookingtechniquesC.HowtoorganizesocialeventsD.Howtoraisemoney参考答案：B5.Isthebasiccookingclassfree?A.Yes,itisfreeB.No,itcosts10C.OnlyformembersD.Freeforthefirst10participants参考答案：A6.Whyareinterestedindividualsencouragedtosignupearly?A.TheworkshopsareverypopularB.Thechefchargesextraforlatesign-upsC.ThecommunitycenterhaslimitedspaceD.Theworkshopsareonlyformembers参考答案：C7.Whatwillthegardeningseminarcover?A.CookingtechniquesB.GrowingvegetablesandflowersC.OrganizingsocialeventsD.Raisingmoneyforthecommunity参考答案：B8.Whowillleadthegardeningseminar?A.RenownedchefsB.LocalgardenersC.HealthexpertsD.Communityvolunteers参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：Thepasttenseformoftheverb"toread"is"read."Thebaseformoftheverbis"read,"andthepasttenseisalso"read."OptionBisincorrectbecause"reads"isthethird-personsingularpresenttenseform.OptionCisincorrectbecause"Readed"isnotavalidEnglishverbform.OptionDisincorrectbecause"roded"isnotavalidEnglishverbform.2.参考答案：B解析：Thecorrectuseofthepresentperfecttenseis"Shehasgonetothestore."Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathasbeencompletedinthepastbuthasrelevancetothepresent.OptionAisincorrectbecause"haveeaten"shouldbe"haveeaten."OptionCisincorrectbecause"havebeenatschoolfortwohours"shouldbeinthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseiftheactionisstillongoing.OptionDisincorrectbecause"hadfinished"isthepastperfecttense.3.参考答案：A解析：Thesubjectofthesentence"Thedogbarksloudly"is"Thedog."Thesubjectisthenounorpronounthatperformstheactionoftheverb.OptionBistheverb,optionCisanadverb,andoptionDisanarticle.4.参考答案：B解析：Thecorrectprepositiontoindicatethelocationofabookonashelfis"on."OptionA"in"isusedforlocationswithinanenclosedspace,optionC"at"isusedforspecificpoints,andoptionD"to"isusedfordirection.5.参考答案：C解析：Thecorrectpluralformof"child"is"children."OptionA"childs"andoptionB"childes"areincorrectEnglishpluralforms.OptionD"child"isthesingularform.6.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectuseofthepassivevoiceis"TheballwasthrownbyJohn."Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthefocusisonthereceiveroftheactionratherthantheperformer.OptionBisintheactivevoice,optionCisincorrectbecause"isthrown"shouldbe"wasthrown"tomatchthepasttense,andoptionDisinthepresentcontinuoustense.7.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectwaytouseacommainacompoundsentenceis"Ilikeapples,andIlikeoranges."Acommaisusedtoseparatetwoindependentclausesinacompoundsentence.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitusesacommaincorrectly.OptionCusesasemicolon,whichisnotappropriateforthissentence.OptionDismissingacomma.8.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectuseofthegerundis"Readingismyfavoritehobby."Agerundisaverbformthatendsin"-ing"andfunctionsasanoun.OptionBisinthepresenttense,optionCisinthepresentcontinuoustense,andoptionDisinthepresentsimpletense.9.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectpastparticipleoftheverb"towrite"is"written."Thepastparticipleisusedinperfecttensesandpassivevoice.OptionB"writes"isthethird-personsingularpresenttenseform.OptionC"wrote"isthesimplepasttenseform.OptionD"writing"isthepresentparticipleform.10.参考答案：A解析：Thecorrectuseoftheconditionaltenseis"IfIhadacar,Iwouldgotothestore."Theconditionaltenseisusedtoexpresshypotheticalsituations.OptionBisinthefuturetense,optionCisinthepresenttense,andoptionDisincorrectbecause"have"shouldbe"had"tomatchthepasttenseinthe"if"clause.二、填空题1.参考答案：written解析：本题考查动词的过去分词作后置定语。根据句意“这本书是简•奥斯汀写的，是英国文学的经典”，需要用过去分词表示被动关系，因此用written。2.参考答案：freeze解析：本题考查动词。根据句意“如果温度降到-5°C，水会结冰”，应该用freeze表示结冰。3.参考答案：Au解析：本题考查化学元素符号。金的化学符号是Au，这是国际通用的表示方法。4.参考答案：Pythagoreantheorem解析：本题考查数学定理。根据句意“在直角三角形中，斜边的平方等于其他两边的平方和，这被称为勾股定理”，因此答案是Pythagoreantheorem。5.参考答案：Tokyo解析：本题考查地理知识。日本的首都是东京，这是常识性问题。6.参考答案：acidity解析：本题考查化学知识。pH值是用于测量溶液酸碱度的，因此答案是acidity。7.参考答案：Pythagoreantheorem解析：本题考查数学定理。根据句意“勾股定理指出，在直角三角形中，斜边的平方等于其他两边的平方和”，因此答案是Pythagoreantheorem。8.参考答案：299792458解析：本题考查物理常数。光在真空中的速度是299792458米每秒，这是物理学中的基本常数。9.参考答案：China解析：本题考查地理知识。长城位于中国，这是常识性问题。10.参考答案：chloroplasts解析：本题考查生物学知识。光合作用发生在植物的叶绿体中，因此答案是chloroplasts。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：TheGreatWallofChinaisindeedoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld,recognizedgloballyforitshistoricalandarchitecturalsignificance.Thestatementisaccurate.2.参考答案：×解析：WilliamShakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"intheearly17thcentury,specificallyin1595.Thestatementincorrectlystatesthe17thcentury,whichisincorrect.3.参考答案：√解析：ThechemicalsymbolforgoldisindeedAu,whichisderivedfromitsLatinnameAurum.Thisisacorrectstatementbasedonchemicalnomenclature.4.参考答案：√解析：Photosynthesisprimarilyoccursinthechloroplastsofplantcells,wherechlorophyllcaptureslightenergytoconvertcarbondioxideandwaterintoglucoseandoxygen.Thisisacorrectstatementofbiologicalfact.5.参考答案：×解析：ThecapitalcityofAustraliaisCanberra,notSydney.SydneyisamajorcityinAustraliabutnotthecapital.Thestatementisincorrect.6.参考答案：√解析：ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthelengthofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresoftheothertwosides.ThisisafundamentalprincipleinEuclideangeometryandisaccuratelydescribed.7.参考答案：√解析：TheRenaissancewasaperiodofculturalchangeandartisticinnovationthatbeganinthe14thcenturyinItaly,markingasignificantshiftfromtheMiddleAgestomodernity.Thisisacorrecthistoricalstatement.8.参考答案：√解析：Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond,afundamentalconstantinphysics.Thisisanaccuratestatementbasedonscientificmeasurement.9.参考答案：√解析：TheEiffelTowerwasoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejectedduetoitsdesignbeingdeemedtoostrangeandunsuitableforthecity.Thisisacorrecthistoricalfact.10.参考答案：√解析：Thehumangenomeconsistsof23pairsofchromosomes,including22pairsofautosomesandonepairofsexchromosomes.Thisisacorrectstatementbasedonhumangenetics.四、简答题1.参考答案：Theskinactsasaprotectivebarrier,regulatingbodytemperature,andsensingtouch,temperature,andpain.解析：Theskinisthelargestorganinthehumanbody,servingmultiplevitalfunctions.Itsprimaryroleisprotection,shieldingthebodyfromexternalpathogens,UVradiation,anddehydration.Additionally,theskinhelpsregulatebodytemperaturethroughsweatproductionandbloodvesseldilationorconstriction.Italsocontainssensoryreceptorsthatallowustoperceivetouch,temperature,andpain,enablingthebodytorespondtoenvironmentalchanges.Thesefunctionsareessentialformaintainingoverallhealthandhomeostasis.2.参考答案：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergy,usingcarbondioxideandwatertoproduceglucoseandoxygen.解析：Photosynthesisoccursinthechloroplastsofplantcells,wherechlorophyllcaptureslightenergyfromthesun.Theprocessinvolvestwomainstages:thelight-dependentreactionsandtheCalvincycle.Duringthelight-dependentreactions,lightenergyisusedtosplitwatermolecules,releasingoxygenandgeneratingATPandNADPH.IntheCalvincycle,carbondioxideisfixedandconvertedintoglucoseusingtheATPandNADPHproducedearlier.Thisglucoseservesastheplant'sfoodandenergysource,whileoxygenisreleasedintotheatmosphereasabyproduct.3.参考答案：Thecirculatorysystemtransportsnutrientsandoxygenthroughoutthebodyviablood,pumpedbytheheart,andcirculatedthroughbloodvessels.解析：Thecirculatorysystemconsistsoftheheart,bloodvessels(arteries,veins,andcapillaries),andblood.Theheartactsasapump,propellingbloodthroughthevessels.Arteriescarryoxygen-richbloodawayfromthehearttothebody'stissues,whileveinsreturnoxygen-depletedbloodtotheheart.Capillaries,thesmallestbloodvessels,facilitatetheexchangeofoxygen,nutrients,andwasteproductsbetweenthebloodandtissues.Thiscontinuouscirculationensuresthatallcellsreceivethenecessaryoxygenandnutrientsforsurvivalandfunction.4.参考答案：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinthebodybyloweringtheactivationenergyrequired.解析：Enzymesareproteinsthatplayacrucialroleinfacilitatingbiochemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.Eachenzymeisspecifictoaparticularreactionortypeofreaction,andtheyworkbybindingtosubstrates(reactants)andconvertingthemintoproducts.Enzymesachievethisbyloweringtheactivationenergyneededforthereactiontooccur,makingtheprocessmoreefficient.Thespecificityofenzymesisdeterminedbytheiractivesite,whichisshapedtofitonlycertainsubstrates.Enzymesareessentialforvariousprocesses,includingdigestion,metabolism,andDNAreplication.5.参考答案：Theprimarycausesofclimatechangearegreenhousegasemissions,deforestation,andindustrialactivities.解析：Climatechangeisprimarilydrivenbyhumanactivitiesthatincreasetheconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Themainculpritsincludetheburningoffossilfuels(coal,oil,andnaturalgas)forenergy,whichreleasescarbondioxide(CO2)andothergreenhousegases.Deforestation,whichreducestheEarth'scapacitytoabsorbCO2,alsocontributessignificantly.Industrialactivities,suchasmanufacturingandagriculture,releaseadditionalgreenhousegaseslikemethane(CH4)andnitrousoxide(N2O).Thesegasestrapheatintheatmosphere,leadingtoglobalwarmingandsubsequentclimateshifts.6.参考答案：Aneuronisaspecializedcellinthenervoussystemthattransmitselectricalandchemicalsignals.Itconsistsofacellbody,dendrites,andanaxon.解析：Neuronsarethefundamentalunitsofthenervoussystem,responsiblefortransmittinginformationthroughoutthebody.Theyarecomposedofseveralkeyparts:thecellbody(soma),whichcontainsthenucleusandorganelles;dendrites,whichreceivesignalsfromotherneurons;andtheaxon,whichtransmitssignalsawayfromthecellbody.Neuronscommunicatewitheachotherviasynapses,whereelectricalsignalsareconvertedintochemicalsignals(neurotransmitters)andthenbackintoelectricalsignalsinthereceivingneuron.Thisprocessallowsforrapidandcoordinatedresponsestostimuli.7.参考答案：Gravityaffectsthemotionofplanetsbyprovidingthecentripetalforcethatkeepstheminorbitaroundthesun.解析：Gravityisafundamentalforcethatattractstwomassestowardeachother.Inthecontextofthesolarsystem,thesun'smassivegravitationalpullkeepstheplanetsinorbit.Eachplanetisconstantlyfallingtowardthesun,butitsforwardvelocitycausesittomovearoundthesunratherthandirectlyintoit.Thisbalancebetweengravitationalpullandforwardmotionresultsinellipticalorbits.Thestrengthofgravitydecreaseswithdistance,whichiswhyplanetsfartherfromthesunorbitmoreslowly.8.参考答案：Renewableenergycomesfromnaturalsourcesthatarereplenishedconstantly,suchassunlight,wind,andwater.Itisimportant