2026 高考重庆卷英语真题试卷及答案

2026高考重庆卷英语真题试卷及答案第1页共1页2026高考重庆卷英语真题试卷及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatisthepasttenseformoftheverb"toread"?A.ReadB.ReadsC.ReadedD.Roded参考答案：B2.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihaveatebreakfast.B.Shehasgotoschool.C.Theyhavebeenplayfootballforanhour.D.Wehavefinishedourhomework.参考答案：D3.Inthesentence"Thedogbarksloudly,"whatisthesubject?A.TheB.dogC.barksD.loudly参考答案：B4.Whichwordbestcompletesthesentence"Iam______happytoseeyou"?A.veryB.soC.tooD.as参考答案：A5.Whatisthepluralformof"child"?A.childsB.childesC.childrenD.child参考答案：C6.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofacomma?A.Shelovesapples,oranges,andbananas.B.Hewenttothestore,butheforgothiswallet.C.Iamastudent,andIstudyhard.D.Theyaregoingtotheparty,ortheyarestayinghome.参考答案：B7.Whatisthecorrectwaytospellthewordmeaning"apersonwholivesinacity"?A.citzenB.cietizenC.citizenD.sityzen参考答案：C8.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseoftheword"its"?A.Thecatlickeditspaw.B.It'sabeautifuldayoutside.C.Thedogwaggeditstail.D.Theyaretheirownworstenemy.参考答案：A9.Whatisthecorrectwaytosay"Iamgoingtothestore"inthefuturetense?A.Iwillgotothestore.B.Iamgoingtogotothestore.C.Iamgotothestore.D.Iwillbegoingtothestore.参考答案：A10.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseoftheword"there"?A.Thereisabookonthetable.B.Theyaretheregoingtothestore.C.Therearemanypeoplehere.D.Therewasacaraccidentonthehighway.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thebook,______byJaneAusten,isaclassicofEnglishliterature.参考答案：written2.Ifthetemperaturedropsto-5°C,waterwill______.参考答案：freeze3.Thechemicalsymbolforgoldis______.参考答案：Au4.Inaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthelengthofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresofthelengthsoftheothertwosides,knownas______.参考答案：Pythagoreantheorem5.ThecapitalofJapanis______.参考答案：Tokyo6.ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthelengthofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresofthelengthsoftheothertwosides.参考答案：Pythagoreantheorem7.ThemaincomponentoftheEarth'satmosphereisnitrogen.参考答案：√8.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.参考答案：√9.Thehumanheartpumpsbloodthroughoutthebody.参考答案：√10.Thespeedoflightinavacuumisapproximately299,792kilometerspersecond.参考答案：299,792三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld.参考答案：√2.WilliamShakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"inthe17thcentury.参考答案：×3.ThechemicalsymbolforgoldisAu,derivedfromitsLatinnameAurum.参考答案：√4.Photosynthesisprimarilyoccursintherootsofplants.参考答案：×5.TheEiffelTowerwasoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejected.参考答案：√6.Thehumanbrainconsumesabout20%ofthebody'stotalenergy.参考答案：√7.TheLouvreMuseumislocatedinRome,Italy.参考答案：×8.ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresoftheothertwosides.参考答案：√9.TheNileRiveristhelongestriverinNorthAmerica.参考答案：×10.Theperiodictableofelementsisorganizedbasedonatomicnumber.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Pleasebrieflydescribethemainfunctionoftheskin.参考答案：Theskinistheoutermostorganofthebody,servingasaprotectivebarrieragainstexternalfactorslikebacteria,UVradiation,anddehydration.Italsohelpsregulatebodytemperatureandcontainssensoryreceptorsfortouch,pressure,andtemperature.2.Whatarethethreeprimarycolorsinthesubtractivecolormodel?参考答案：Thethreeprimarycolorsinthesubtractivecolormodelarecyan,magenta,andyellow.3.Explaintheconceptofosmosisinsimpleterms.参考答案：Osmosisisthemovementofwatermoleculesacrossaselectivelypermeablemembranefromanareaoflowersoluteconcentrationtoanareaofhighersoluteconcentration.4.ListthreemajorriversinChina.参考答案：ThreemajorriversinChinaaretheYangtzeRiver,theYellowRiver,andthePearlRiver.5.HowdoesphotosynthesiscontributetotheEarth'satmosphere?参考答案：PhotosynthesiscontributestotheEarth'satmospherebyproducingoxygenandremovingcarbondioxide.Plantsusesunlight,water,andcarbondioxidetocreateglucoseandoxygen.Theoxygenisreleasedintotheatmosphere,whichisessentialforrespirationinmostlivingorganisms.6.Describethebasicstructureofanatom.参考答案：Anatomconsistsofanucleusatthecenter,whichcontainsprotonsandneutrons.Electronsorbitthenucleusinenergylevelsorshells.Protonshaveapositivecharge,neutronshavenocharge,andelectronshaveanegativecharge.Thenumberofprotonsdeterminestheelement.7.WhatisthesignificanceofthePythagoreantheoremingeometry?参考答案：ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthelengthofthehypotenuse(thesideoppositetherightangle)isequaltothesumofthesquaresofthelengthsoftheothertwosides.Thistheoremissignificantbecauseitprovidesafundamentalrelationshipbetweenthesidesofrighttriangles,whichiswidelyusedingeometry,architecture,andengineering.8.Brieflyexplaintheroleofenzymesinbiologicalreactions.参考答案：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.Theyareusuallyproteinsandworkbyloweringtheactivationenergyrequiredforreactions.Enzymesarespecifictocertainsubstratesandreactions,andtheyareessentialforprocesseslikedigestion,metabolism,andDNAreplication.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Thelocalcommunitycenterishostingaseriesofworkshopstopromotehealthyliving.Thefirstworkshop,scheduledfornextSaturday,isafreeyogaclassaimedatbeginners.LedbyexperiencedinstructorSarah,theclasswillfocusonbasicposesandbreathingtechniques.Participantsareencouragedtobringtheirownyogamats,thoughsomeareavailableforborrowing.Thesecondworkshop,anutritionseminar,willbeheldonSunday.ExpertdietitianMichaelwilldiscussbalanceddietsandhealthyeatinghabits.Bothworkshopsareopentothepublicandspaceislimited,soearlyregistrationisrecommended.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitthecommunitycenter'swebsiteorcall555-1234.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toadvertisethecommunitycenter'sfacilitiesB.ToinformpeopleaboutupcominghealthworkshopsC.TopersuadereaderstojointheyogaclassD.Tointroducetheinstructorsfortheworkshops参考答案：B2.Whenandwherewilltheyogaclasstakeplace?A.NextSaturdayatthecommunitycenterB.SundayatthelocalgymC.NextSundayatthecommunitycenterD.Saturdayattheyogastudio参考答案：A3.Whowillbeteachingthenutritionseminar?A.Sarah,theyogainstructorB.Michael,thedietitianC.AnexperiencedtrainerD.Acommunityvolunteer参考答案：B4.Whatshouldparticipantsbringtotheyogaclass?A.AnutritionseminarbookB.TheirownyogamatsC.AbottleofwaterD.Ayogainstructor参考答案：B5.Whyisearlyregistrationrecommendedfortheworkshops?A.TheworkshopsarefreeofchargeB.SpaceislimitedC.TheinstructorsarenotavailableD.Thecommunitycenterissmall参考答案：B6.Howcanpeoplegetmoreinformationabouttheworkshops?A.ByvisitingthecommunitycenterinpersonB.Bycalling555-1234C.ByattendingtheworkshopsD.Bycheckingthewebsite参考答案：B7.Whatwillthenutritionseminarfocuson?A.YogatechniquesB.HealthyeatinghabitsC.BorrowingyogamatsD.Communitycenterevents参考答案：B8.Istheyogaclasssuitableforeveryone?A.Yes,itisopentoalllevelsB.No,onlyexperiencedyogapractitionerscanjoinC.OnlybeginnersareallowedD.Itisnotopentothepublic参考答案：C标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：Thepasttenseformoftheverb"toread"is"reads"whenthesubjectisthirdpersonsingular(he,she,it).OptionAisthepresenttense.OptionCandDareincorrectspellings.2.参考答案：D解析：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathasbeencompletedinthepastbuthasrelevancetothepresent.OptionAhasincorrectverbform.OptionBhasincorrectverbform.OptionChasincorrectverbform.OptionDiscorrect.3.参考答案：B解析：Thesubjectofasentenceisthepersonorthingthatperformstheactionoftheverb.Inthesentence"Thedogbarksloudly,""dog"isthesubject.OptionAisanarticle.OptionCistheverb.OptionDisanadverb.4.参考答案：A解析：Theword"very"isanadverbthatmodifiestheadjective"happy"toindicatethedegreeofhappiness.OptionBisincorrectbecause"so"isusedwith"that"inaconjunction.OptionCisincorrectbecause"too"indicatesexcess.OptionDisincorrectbecause"as"isusedforcomparison.5.参考答案：C解析：Thepluralformof"child"is"children."OptionAandBareincorrectspellings.OptionDisthesingularform.6.参考答案：B解析：Acommaisusedtoseparateitemsinalist.OptionAiscorrectbutnotthebestchoicebecausetheitemsarenotparallel.OptionBiscorrectbecauseitseparatestwoindependentclauses.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitseparatestwoindependentclauses.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitseparatestwoindependentclauses.7.参考答案：C解析：Thecorrectspellingofthewordmeaning"apersonwholivesinacity"is"citizen."OptionAandBareincorrectspellings.OptionDisanincorrectword.8.参考答案：A解析："Its"isthepossessiveformof"it."OptionAiscorrectbecauseituses"its"toshowpossession.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"it's."OptionCisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"its."OptionDisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"their."9.参考答案：A解析：Thefuturetenseof"Iamgoingtothestore"is"Iwillgotothestore."OptionBisredundant.OptionCisincorrectverbform.OptionDisincorrectverbform.10.参考答案：A解析："There"isusedtoindicateexistence.OptionAiscorrectbecauseituses"there"toindicatetheexistenceofabook.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"theyaregoingthere."OptionCiscorrectbutnotthebestchoicebecause"here"ismoreappropriate.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"therewas."二、填空题1.参考答案：written解析：本题考查的是过去分词作后置定语的用法。根据句意，这本书是由简•奥斯汀写的，因此需要用过去分词作后置定语修饰“thebook”。written是write的过去分词形式，表示“被写的”，符合句意。2.参考答案：freeze解析：本题考查的是水的物理性质。当温度降至0°C以下时，水会结冰，即“freeze”。这是一个基础的物理常识，考查学生对水的基本性质的了解。3.参考答案：Au解析：本题考查的是化学元素符号。金的化学符号是“Au”，这是国际通用的化学元素符号，考查学生对化学元素的基本知识。4.参考答案：Pythagoreantheorem解析：本题考查的是数学定理。勾股定理（Pythagoreantheorem）是几何学中的一个基本定理，描述了直角三角形三边之间的关系。根据题意，直角三角形的斜边平方等于另外两边平方之和，这正是勾股定理的内容。5.参考答案：Tokyo解析：本题考查的是地理知识。东京（Tokyo）是日本的首都，这是一个基础的地理常识，考查学生对世界主要城市的基本了解。6.7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查的是生物学知识。氮气（N2）是地球大气的主要成分，约占大气体积的78%，这是一个基础的生物学常识，考查学生对大气成分的了解。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查的是地理知识。长城（TheGreatWallofChina）是中国古代的军事防御工程，也是世界上最著名的地标之一，这是一个基础的地理常识，考查学生对世界著名地标的了解。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查的是生物学知识。心脏（heart）是人体的重要器官，负责将血液泵送到全身，这是一个基础的生物学常识，考查学生对人体器官功能的了解。10.参考答案：299,792解析：本题考查的是物理知识。光在真空中的速度是一个基本的物理常数，约为299,792kilometerspersecond，这是一个基础的物理常识，考查学生对光速的了解。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：TheGreatWallofChinaisindeedoneofthemostfamouslandmarksintheworld,recognizedgloballyforitshistoricalandarchitecturalsignificance.Thestatementisaccurate.2.参考答案：×解析：WilliamShakespearewrote"RomeoandJuliet"intheearly17thcentury,specificallybetween1595and1596.Thestatementincorrectlyspecifiesthe17thcentury,whichisimprecise.3.参考答案：√解析：ThechemicalsymbolforgoldisindeedAu,whichisderivedfromitsLatinnameAurum.Thisisacorrectstatementbasedonchemicalnomenclature.4.参考答案：×解析：Photosynthesisprimarilyoccursintheleavesofplants,specificallyinchloroplasts,wherechlorophyllcapturessunlight.Thestatementincorrectlystatesthatitoccursintheroots.5.参考答案：√解析：TheEiffelTowerwasindeedoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,buttheprojectwasrejectedduetoitsdesignbeingdeemedtoostrangeandunsuitable.Thestatementisaccurate.6.参考答案：√解析：Thehumanbrainconsumesabout20%ofthebody'stotalenergy,whichisawell-documentedfact.Thestatementiscorrect.7.参考答案：×解析：TheLouvreMuseumislocatedinParis,France,notRome,Italy.Thestatementisincorrect.8.参考答案：√解析：ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresoftheothertwosides.Thisisafundamentalprincipleingeometryandthestatementisaccurate.9.参考答案：×解析：TheNileRiveristhelongestriverinAfrica,notNorthAmerica.Thestatementisincorrect.10.参考答案：√解析：Theperiodictableofelementsisorganizedbasedonatomicnumber,whichisthenumberofprotonsinthenucleusofanatom.Thestatementiscorrect.四、简答题1.参考答案：Theskinistheoutermostorganofthebody,servingasaprotectivebarrieragainstexternalfactorslikebacteria,UVradiation,anddehydration.Italsohelpsregulatebodytemperatureandcontainssensoryreceptorsfortouch,pressure,andtemperature.解析：本题考查生物学中皮肤的基本功能。皮肤作为人体最大的器官，具有多重重要作用。首先，它是物理屏障，能有效阻止病原体侵入和水分流失。其次，皮肤中的汗腺和血管参与体温调节，通过排汗和血管收缩/舒张来维持稳定。此外，皮肤遍布神经末梢，能够感知外界刺激，如触觉、压力和温度变化。这些功能对维持人体健康至关重要，是生物学基础知识。2.参考答案：Thethreeprimarycolorsinthesubtractivecolormodelarecyan,magenta,andyellow.解析：本题考查色彩学基础知识。减色法模型是印刷和绘画中常用的色彩混合方式，与加色法（红绿蓝）相对。在减色法中，颜料通过吸收特定波长的光来呈现颜色。青色（cyan）吸收红色光，品红色（magenta）吸收绿色光，黄色（yellow）吸收蓝色光。当这三种颜色按等量混合时，理论上会吸收所有光线，呈现黑色。这是色彩学中的基本概念，广泛应用于设计领域。3.参考答案：Osmosisisthemovementofwatermoleculesacrossaselectivelypermeablemembranefromanareaoflowersoluteconcentrationtoanareaofhighersoluteconcentration.解析：本题考查生物物理学中的渗透作用。渗透是水分子通过半透膜从水势较高区域向水势较低区域移动的现象。这一过程受浓度梯度驱动，目的是平衡两侧的溶质浓度。例如，植物根系吸收水分就是通过渗透作用实现的。理解渗透需要掌握半透膜的选择性透过特性和溶质浓度对水势的影响，是生物学和化学中的核心概念。4.参考答案：ThreemajorriversinChinaaretheYangtzeRiver,theYellowRiver,andthePearlRiver.解析：本题考查地理学常识。长江（YangtzeRiver）是中国第一长河，全长约6300公里，流经11个省份；黄河（YellowRiver）是中国第二长河，以含沙量高著称，被称为“母亲河”；珠江（PearlRiver）是中国南方的重要水系，流经6个省份。这三条河流不仅是重要的水道，也是中华文明的重要发源地，是地理学中的常识性知识点。5.参考答案：PhotosynthesiscontributestotheEarth'satmospherebyproducingoxygenandremovingcarbondioxide.Plantsusesunlight,water,andcarbondioxidetocreateglucoseandoxygen.Theoxygenisreleasedintotheatmosphere,whichisessentialforrespirationinmostlivingorganisms.解析：本题考查生物学中的光合作用。光合作用是植物、藻类和某些细菌利用光能将二氧化碳和水转化为有机物和氧气的过程。其化学方程式为6CO₂+6H₂O+光能→C₆H₁₂O₆+6O₂。这一过程不仅为植物提供能量，更重要的是维持了大气中氧气和二氧化碳的平衡，对整个生态系统至关重要。6.参考答案：Anatomconsistsofanucleusatthecenter,whichcontainsprotonsandneutrons.Electronsorbitthenucleusinenergylevelsorshells.Protonshaveapositivecharge,neutronshavenocharge,andelectronshaveanegativecharge.Thenumberofprotonsdeterminestheelement.解析：本题考查化学中的原子结构。原子是构成物质的基本单位，其结构包括原子核和核外电子。原子核由带正电的质子和不带电的中子组成，质子数决定元素种类。核外电子带负电，按能级分布，其排布决定原子的化学性质。理解原子结构是化学学习的起点，也是理解物质性质的基础。7.参考答案：ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthelengthofthehypotenuse(thesideoppositetherightangle)isequaltothesumofthesquaresofthelengthsoftheothertwosides.Thistheoremissignificantbecauseitprovidesafundamentalrelationshipbetweenthesidesofrighttriangles,whichiswidelyusedingeometry,architecture,andengineering.解析：本题考查几何学中的勾股定理。勾股定理（a²+b²=c²）是欧几里得几何中的基本定理，适用于所有直角三角形。该定理在测量、建筑、导航等领域有广泛应用，如计算高度、距离等。它是几何学中的核心概念，也是数学推理的重要基础。8.参考答案：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.Theyareusuallyproteinsandworkbyloweringtheactivationenergyrequiredforreactions.Enzymesarespecifictocertainsubstratesandreactions,andtheyareessentialforprocesseslike