国家开放大学《管理英语4》机考(第一套)参考答案

国家开放大学《管理英语4》机考(第一套)参考答案一、交际用语（每题2分，共10分）1.—CouldyouhelpmepreparethePowerPointfortomorrow'smeeting?—______A.Iwillleaveyoualone.B.No,Idon'twanttohearaboutit.C.Sure,I'dbegladto.D.You'dbetterdoityourself.答案：C2.—I'mafraidthedesignplanhastoberevisedoncemore.—______A.Whatashame!B.That'salotofwork,butwe'llgetitdone.C.It'snoneofmybusiness.D.Whyareyoutellingmethis?答案：B3.—DoyoumindifIrecordourdiscussion?—______A.Yes,Idon'tmindatall.B.No,goahead,please.C.Yes,Iamhappyaboutit.D.No,Imindverymuch.答案：B解析：对Doyoumind...?的提问，回答No表示“不介意”，后面才能接goahead；回答Yes则表示“介意”。4.—Congratulationsonwinningthecontract!—______A.Oh,it'snothingspecial.I'mjustlucky.B.It'sallthankstoyoursupport.C.Pleasedon'tsayso.D.Youmustbejoking.答案：B5.—HowdoyoufindthenewERPsystem?—______A.IfinditontheInternet.B.It'squiteefficientaftersomepractice.C.Ican'tfinditanywhere.D.Mycolleaguefounditforme.答案：B解析：Howdoyoufind...?口语中常用于询问看法，相当于“你觉得……怎么样？”，不是问“在哪里找到的”。二、词汇与结构（每题2分，共10分）1.Asanexperiencedmanager,heknowshowto______taskstothemostsuitableteammembers.A.assignB.mistakeC.requireD.admit答案：A解析：assigntaskstosb.表示“把任务分派给某人”，符合句意。2.Onlyafterthemeeting______tosolvetheproblem.A.theybeganB.didtheybeginC.theyhadbegunD.beganthey答案：B解析：only+状语置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，将助动词did提到主语之前。3.Thecompany'sdecision______workinghourshasbroughtaboutgreatchangesinemployees'lives.A.adjustingB.toadjustC.adjustedD.beingadjusted答案：B解析：decision后常用不定式作后置定语，表示“调整……的决定”。4.Ifthedelivery______ontime,thecustomerwouldnothavemadeacomplaint.A.wasB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.is答案：C解析：由主句wouldnothavemade可知，这是对过去事实的虚拟假设，条件从句应用hadbeen。5.Weattachgreat______tothetraininganddevelopmentofourstaff.A.importanceB.importantC.moreimportantD.importantly答案：A解析：attachimportanceto...是固定搭配，意为“重视……”。三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Passage1Delegationisakeymanagementskillthatbenefitsbothmanagersandtheirteams.Bygivingemployeesresponsibilityforspecifictasks,managerscanfocusonmorestrategicissues.Delegationalsohelpsemployeesdevelopnewskillsandbuildstheirconfidence.However,manymanagersarereluctanttodelegatebecausetheybelievetheirteammembersarenotreadyorfearlosingcontrol.Todelegateeffectively,amanagershouldfirstchoosetherighttasksandtherightpeople.Then,theyshouldclearlyexplaintheexpectedresults,resources,anddeadlines.Duringtheprocess,itisimportanttooffersupportandguidanceratherthaninterfereineverydetail.Afterthetaskhasbeencompleted,givingfeedbackisnecessarysothateveryonecanlearnfromtheexperience.Inshort,delegation,whendonewell,isawin-winpractice.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tocomparetwomanagementstyles.B.Toexplainhowtodelegateeffectively.C.Tocriticizepoormanagement.D.Todiscusshowtomakeaworkplan.答案：B2.Whyaremanymanagersunwillingtodelegate?A.Theythinktheiremployeesaretoobusy.B.Theypreferdoingeverythingbythemselves.C.Theyareafraidoflosingauthority.D.Theybelievetheworkcanbedonebetterbymachines.答案：C解析：第一段提到经理不愿授权，是因为担心团队成员没准备好或害怕失去控制，即担心失去权威。3.Whatshouldamanagerdowhileemployeesaredoingthetask?A.Interfereineverydetail.B.Offersupportandguidance.C.Givenomorefeedback.D.Leaveemployeesalonecompletely.答案：B4.Theword"reluctant"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.A.willingB.unwillingC.eagerD.uncertain答案：B解析：根据上下文，许多经理“不愿”授权，reluctant意为“不情愿的”，与unwilling同义。5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentence?A.Delegationusuallyfailsinthelongrun.B.Successfuldelegationbenefitsbothparties.C.Managersshouldavoiddelegatingdifficulttasks.D.Employeesarenotinterestedintakingresponsibility.答案：B解析：最后一句说授权做得好是一种“双赢”的做法，说明成功的授权对经理和员工双方都有利。Passage2Acompany'scultureislikeitspersonality.Itisexpressedthroughthevaluespracticedindailywork,thewaypeopletreatoneanother,andthestyleofdecision-making.Ahealthyculturecanmakeemployeesfeelvalued,whichinturnincreasestheirengagementandproductivity.Companieswithastrongculturetendtoattractandkeeptalentedpeople,becauseemployeesprefertoworkinasupportiveenvironment.However,changingacorporatecultureisnevereasy.Ittakesconsistenteffortfromalllevelsofleadership.Managersmustleadbyexample,actonthecompany'svalues,andcommunicateopenly.Employeesalsoneedtoparticipateintheprocess.Whenpeoplefeeltheirvoicesareheard,theyaremorewillingtoacceptnewvalues.Therefore,culturechangeshouldbeseenasalong-terminvestmentratherthanashort-termtask.6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanexpressionofacompany'sculture?A.Thevaluespracticedindailywork.B.Thewaypeopletreatoneanother.C.Thestyleofdecision-making.D.Thesizeofthecompany.答案：D解析：第一段列举了企业文化的三种表现：日常工作中践行价值观、待人方式、决策风格，均未提及公司规模。7.Whatbenefitdoesahealthyculturebringtoemployees?A.Theyreceivehighersalaries.B.Theyfeelvalued.C.Theyhavefewertasks.D.Theycanchoosetheirleaders.答案：B8.Whydocompanieswithastrongcultureattracttalentedpeople?A.Becausetheworkiseasier.B.Becausepromotionsarefaster.C.Becauseemployeespreferasupportiveenvironment.D.Becausemeetingsarefewer.答案：C9.Whatshouldleadersdotochangecorporateculture?A.Relyonaprofessionalconsultant.B.Followtheirownvaluesstrictly.C.Leadbyexampleandcommunicateopenly.D.Dismissemployeeswhoresistchange.答案：C解析：第二段明确指出，领导者必须以身作则、践行公司价值观并公开沟通。10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardculturechange?A.Itisalong-terminvestment.B.Itisaneasyshort-termtask.C.Itisawasteoftime.D.Itisimpossibletoachieve.答案：A解析：文章最后一句说“文化变革应被视为长期投资而非短期任务”，体现了作者的态度。四、完形填空（每题2分，共20分）Timemanagementisanessentialskillformanagers,especiallyinafast-pacedbusinessenvironment.Everyday,managersfacenumeroustasksandunexpectedproblems.(1)____propertimemanagement,manyofthemfeeloverwhelmedandstressed.Oneeffectivemethodistolistallthetasksandthen(2)__themintermsofimportanceandurgency.Tasksthatarebothurgentandimportantshouldbehandled(3)__.Ifataskisimportantbutnoturgent,managersshouldplanenoughtimeforit.(4)__,tasksthatareurgentbutnotimportantmaybedelegatedtootheremployees.Inthisway,managerscan(5)____theirattentiononthemostcriticalissues.Anothercommonmistakeismultitasking.Studiesshowthatmultitaskingmayreduceefficiency(6)____increasemistakes.Incontrast,focusingononethingatatimecontributestohigher-qualitywork.Besides,managersshouldleavesomesparetimeinthescheduleto(7)__emergencies.Abusydaywithoutanybufferscangowrongeasily.Finally,learntosayno.Manyemployeesandmeetings(8)__alargeamountoftime.Sayingnotounimportantrequestsallowsmanagerstostay(9)__ontheirpriorities.Inaword,effectivetimemanagementnotonlyimprovesindividualperformancebutalsopromotesthe(10)____efficiencyofthewholeteam.A.WithB.WithoutC.ThroughD.Before答案：B解析：Withoutpropertimemanagement意为“没有有效的时间管理”，与后文“感到不知所措和压力”逻辑一致。A.ignoreB.prioritizeC.simplifyD.repeat答案：B解析：根据后文“按重要性和紧迫性”排列任务，应选prioritize（区分优先次序）。A.atonceB.intimeC.onpurposeD.atleast答案：A解析：既紧急又重要的任务应“立即”处理，atonce最符合语境。A.OntheotherhandB.ForexampleC.InshortD.Asaresult答案：A解析：前句讲“重要但不紧急”的任务，后句转向“紧急但不重要”的任务，用Ontheotherhand表示对比。A.dependB.relyC.focusD.carry答案：C解析：focusone'sattentionon...为固定搭配，意为“把注意力集中于……”。A.orB.butC.andD.so答案：C解析：multitasking既“降低效率”又“增加错误”，两者是并列关系，用and连接。A.dealwithB.runintoC.giveupD.setoff答案：A解析：dealwithemergencies意为“应对紧急情况”。A.saveB.wasteC.reduceD.make答案：B解析：不必要的会议和请求会“浪费”大量时间，故选waste。A.satisfiedB.surprisedC.interestedD.focused答案：D解析：stayfocusedon...表示“保持专注于……”，与priorities搭配合理。A.overallB.individualC.personalD.general答案：A解析：与前面的individualperformance（个人表现）相对，这里指“整个团队的总体效率”，应选ov