高三英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE学案

注表示该词的熟词生义。Ⅰ.阅读单词1.adversityn. 困境；逆境2.expeditionn. 探险；远征；探险队3.cupboardn. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜4.stewardn. (轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员5.crushvt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎n. 拥挤的人群6.stoven. 炉具；厨房灶具7.banjon. 班卓琴(乐器)8.navyn. 海军；海军部队9.decentadj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的10.cosy(NAmEcozy)adj. 温馨的；舒适的11.crewn. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队； 一群人12.rugbyn. 橄榄球运动13.batn. 球拍；蝙蝠vi.&vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打14.corporateadj. 公司的；法人的；社团的15.navigatorn. 领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者16.episoden. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲Ⅱ.核心单词1.motiven. 动机；原因；目的2.wagen. 工资3.bitteradj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的； 痛苦的；愤愤不平的4.vigour(NAmEvigor)n. 精力；力量；活力5.sinkvi.(sankorsunk，sunk) 沉没；下沉；下降vt. 使下沉；使沉没n. 洗涤槽，水槽6.abandonvt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃； 陷入，沉湎于(某种情感7.blanketn. 毯子8.miserableadj. 痛苦的；令人难受的9.voyagen.&vi. 航海；航行10.good/bad-temperedadj. 脾气好的/坏的11.genuineadj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的12.thoroughadj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的13.furnituren. 家具14.barkvi.&n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声n. 枪声；短促响亮的人声；树皮vt. 厉声质问15.dampadj. 潮湿的；湿气重的16.recreationn. 娱乐；消遣；游戏17.nephewn. 侄子；外甥18.roughadj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；崎岖不平的；粗略的；艰难的19.motorn. 发动机；马达adj. 有引擎的；机动车的20.candidaten. 候选人；应试者Ⅲ.拓展单词1.endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力→enduringadj.持久的；耐久的→endurev.忍耐；忍受2.qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualifyv.(使)具有资格；(使)合格→qualificationn.资格；资历；资格证书3.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasticallyadv.热情地→enthusiasmn.热情；热忱4.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→boardv.上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿n.木板；董事会；伙食5.assignvt.分派；布置；分配→assignmentn.任务；作业；分配6.envyn.&vt.羡慕；妒忌→enviousadj.忌妒的；羡慕的7.belongingsn.[pl.]财物；动产→belongvi.属于；应在(某处)8.selfishadj.自私的→selfishlyadv.自私地→selfishnessn.自私→selflessadj.无私的9.perseverancen.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→perseverevi.坚持；孜孜以求10.resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念→resolutionn.决议；解决；坚定；决心→resolvedadj.坚定的；下定决心的11.crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruellyadv.残忍地；残酷地→crueltyn.残忍；残酷12.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遗憾地→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→fortunen.运气；财产→fortunateadj.幸运的13.guidancen.指导；引导；导航→guiden.导游；指南vt.带领；引导；为……领路14.advertisingn.广告活动；广告业→advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→advertisementn.广告；宣传15.loyaladj.忠诚的；忠实的→loyallyadv.忠诚地；忠实地→loyaltyn.忠诚；忠实16.commitmentn.承诺；保证；奉献→commitvt.犯(错误、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证→committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的构词法：否定前缀un-①unhappyadj.不快乐的②unfairadj.不公平的；不公正的③unlockvt.打开；解锁④unpackvt.&vi.打开(行李、包裹等)；卸下⑤unfoldvt.&vi.展开；打开；显露⑥uncomfortableadj.不舒服的in-/im-/il-/ir-⑦inconvenientadj.不方便的；麻烦的⑧impossibleadj.不可能的；办不到的⑨irresponsibleadj.不负责任的；不可靠的⑩illegaladj.非法的；违法的mis-⑪misfortunen.不幸；厄运⑫misunderstandvt.&vi.误解；误会⑬misleadvt.误导；引入歧途non-⑭non-smokingadj.禁止吸烟的；非吸烟的⑮non-stopadj.不间断的；直达的Ⅳ.重点短语1.turnsbdown 拒绝(某人)2.makefire 生火3.giveoff 放出(热、光、气味或气体)4.dreamof/about 梦想5.attheageof 在……岁时6.beenthusiasticabout 对……充满热情7.become/bestuckin 陷于8.throwaway 扔掉9.managetodosth 设法做成某事10.gofrombadtoworse 每况愈下Ⅴ.经典句型1.句型：Ithappenedthat...碰巧……...Well，itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.……好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。2.句型：as...as...HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees！我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！3.句型：aslongas“只要”，引导条件状语从句Itwilleventuallyleadtosuccessaslongasyoupersevere.只要你坚持，最终就会成功。qualifiedadj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)(qualifyv.使有资格qualificationn.资格；学历)先练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Ihavetakenpartinseveralsimilaractivities，soI’mconvincedthatIhavethequalification(qualify)forthevoluntarywork.②Thecompetitionresultsqualifiedhimtorepresent(represent)hisschoolinthenationalchesstournament.③我不仅热情而且容易相处，这使我能胜任报纸上刊登的志愿工作。(申请信)Iamnotonlyenthusiasticbutalsoeasytogetalongwith，whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.后归纳(1)bequalifiedfor/todosth 有……的资格/有资格做某事(2)qualifysbforsth/todosth 使某人有资格做某事(3)havethequalificationfor/todosth 有……的资格/有资格做某事enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的(enthusiasticallyadv.热情地；热心地enthusiasmn.热情；热忱)先练透单句语法填空/完成句子①LearningthatyouareenthusiasticabouttraditionalChineseculture，IamwritingtoinviteyoutoalectureonConfucianism.(建议信)②Inspiredbytheenthusiasm(enthusiastic)andencouragement，Davidquickenedhispaceinhighspirits. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)③摩尔对自己创造的糖果充满热情，也对未来充满信心。Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated，andshe’salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.后归纳(1)beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth 对(做)……热情(2)befullofenthusiasm 充满热情withenthusiasm(＝enthusiastically) 热情地[点津]“渴望某物/做某事”的同义短语：bethirsty/hungry/eager/desperateforsth/todosthabandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃n.放任；放纵(abandonedadj.被遗弃的；放纵的)先练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Lackingself-discipline，theymayabandonthemselvestoplaying(play)onlinegames.(2022·全国乙卷；短文投稿)②Istillrememberedmyfriends’promisesoIwentpasttheabandoned(abandon)milkinghousetoseeiftheyhadfixedthebrokenwindow. (2023·浙江1月卷；动作描写)③面对这些愤怒的质问，他想说点什么，却一时语塞。(续写场景描写)Facedwiththeseangryquestions，hetriedtospeak，butforonce，hisvoiceabandonedhim.④他最后一句话深深地伤了她的心。她大哭起来，陷入绝望。(续写情感描写)Hislastsentencewentlikeabullettoherheart.Sheburstintotearsandabandonedherselftodespair.后归纳(1)abandondoingsth 放弃做某事abandononeselftodoingsth 沉湎于做某事；放纵(感情)于做某事(2)withabandon 纵情；放任地(3)beabandonedto... 沉湎于……resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n.决心；坚定的信念(resolutionn.决定；解决；决心)先练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Moreover，theolderyouare，themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolution(resolve)afteranargument.②文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家决定不遗余力地保护它们。Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors，soourcountryhasresolvedtosparenoefforttoprotectthem.③为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，并换位思考。(建议信)Toresolveconflicts，weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’shoes.后归纳resolvetodosth 决定做某事beresolvedtodosth 决心做某事makearesolutiontodo... 下定决心做……句型公式：as...as...意为“和……一样”，表示同级比较。【教材原句】HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees！我怎么能变得像托马斯·奥德利斯一样自私和脾气暴躁呢！先练透完成句子①他和我一样勤奋，因此，他已取得了和我一样多的进步。Heisashard-workingasme，sohehasmadeasmuchprogressasme.②我们投入的时间和精力是其他同学的两倍，所以我深信老师们会高度评价我们的项目。 (2022·浙江1月卷；读后续写)Wedevotedtwiceasmuchtimeandenergyasotherstudentsdid，soIwasgreatlyconvincedthatourprojectwouldbehighlythoughtofbyourteachers.③在我看来，这本书没有你认为的那么有趣。AsfarasIamconcerned，thebookisnotas/sointerestingasyouthink.后归纳as＋形容词/副词＋as...，还有如下用法：(1)否定式：notas/so＋形容词/副词＋as...(2)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词＋as...(3)asmuch/many＋名词＋as...1.envyn.&vt.羡慕；妒忌(enviousadj.嫉妒的；羡慕的)【诵读领悟】①Don’tletenvyconsumeyou；focusonyourownjourneyandstriveforexcellence.(续写主旨升华)不要让嫉妒吞噬你；专注于自己的旅程，努力追求卓越。②Iwasgreenwithenvybecauseshewasreallydressedtotheteethattheparty.(续写情感描写)她在派对上穿得真华丽，我非常眼红。③Ienviedhimbeingenthusiasticandfullofenergy.我羡慕他的热情和充沛的精力。【佳句仿写】想到她得到我妈妈那么多的关爱，一股嫉妒之情如潮水般涌上我的心头。(续写心理描写)Awaveofenvycameflooding/sweepingovermewhenIthoughtofhowmuchaffectionshehadreceivedfrommymother.envysb(doing)sth 羡慕/嫉妒某人(做)某事withenvy 羡慕地/嫉妒地begreenwithenvy 嫉妒得眼红beenviousof 羡慕；妒忌2.sinkvi.(sankorsunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没【诵读领悟】①Herheartsank/sunk.Shefeltseizedbyaburstofsadnessandcouldn’tholdbackhertears.她心情沉重。她突然感到很悲伤，忍不住落下泪来。②Themomenthisheadhitthepillow，hesankintoadeepsleep. (动作描写)他的头一碰到枕头，就沉沉地睡去了。③MyheartwasbeatingfastandthenIsankintodisappointmentasmynamewasnotinthelist.我的心跳加速，然后我陷入了失望，因为我的名字不在名单上。【佳句仿写】悲伤如潮水一般涌来。他倒在椅子上，放声大哭。 (续写情感描写)Sorrowcameinwaves.Hesankintothechair，cryinghiseyesout.sinkintosth 渐渐进入(消极、不快等)状态one’sheartsinks/spiritssink 心情沉重；情绪低落asinkingfeeling 颓丧感sinkindespair 陷入绝望维度一词汇语境运用1.Andifweallowthistocontinue，andstillwithoutthenormativeandlegalguidance(guide)，theresultsmayleadtomoreserious.2.(2024·北京卷)Typically，cruelty(cruel)andcheatingarediscouraged，whilecooperation，humblenessandcouragearepraised.3.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(assign)duringthecourse.4.(2026·浙江省嘉兴市第二次测试)Theydecidedtopracticesecretlyinanabandoned(abandon)classroomatthebackoftheschool，wherenoonewoulddisturbthem.5.(2026·广东省部分学校联考)Draggingmyselfslowlytothecoffeetable，Isank(sink)ontothesofaandclosedmyeyes.6.(2023·全国乙卷)Wemanagedtoleave(leave)thisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.7.Accordingtotheairlinerules，werecommendyou(should)switchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding(board)theplane.维度二阅读理解清障Ⅰ.熟词生义、一词多义1.Thegroundwassoonblanketedwithsnow. v.以厚层覆盖2.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread. n.洗涤槽，水槽3.Boilingwithextremeanger，hebarkedaseriesofquestionsathiscrew. vt.厉声质问4.Erinhadgonebeyondwhatalmostanyonewouldhavedone，findingmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight，andforthatIwasextremelygrateful. adv.极其猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思5.roughadj.汹涌的；粗糙的；艰难的、艰苦的(生义)；粗略的①Thesmallboatwassailinginroughsea. adj.汹涌的②Whatmovedmemostwasthatthefarmer’shandswereroughbutstrongandwarm. adj.粗糙的③Wemadearoughplanforthetrip，butwehaven’tbookedhotelsyet. adj.粗略的④Shehadaroughchildhood，growingupinapoorneighborhoodwithnoparents.adj.艰难的、艰苦的6.bitteradj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的①Blackcoffeeleavesabittertasteinthemouth. adj.味苦的②Thetwocandidateshadabitterdebateoverthenewtaxpolicy. adj.激烈而不愉快的③It’sreallybitterouttoday. adj.严寒的Ⅱ.构词法构词法名词后缀-ity表示“程度，性质，状态”指出下列黑体词的含义1.(2025·全国二卷)Still，inroom386，academicsdon’tcomefirst.Physicalhealthandmentalhealtharethepriority. n.优先事项，最重要的事2.(2024·北京卷)WithlifeintheunforgivingNorthernCanadabeingsodemanding，theInuit’spracticalapproachtomoralitymadegoodsense. n.道德，品行3.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Firstofall，decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavouritesport？Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit，abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility？ n.灵活性；弹性Part1.应用文增分练(发言稿—优秀品行)假定你是李华，英语老师安排你今天做课前演讲，你打算谈谈如何应对逆境，内容要点如下：1.面对逆境的态度；2.举例说明(中国古代或现代名人)；3.简要介绍人物面临的逆境；4.你的感受或启发。用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文【布局谋篇】开篇：面对逆境的态度①Facingadversity，weshouldhavetheperseverancetomoveon，whichisofgreatimportance(面对逆境，我们应该有毅力前行，这是很重要的).TakeZhangQianforexample，oneofthemostinfluentialexplorersduringtheHanDynasty，②whoshowedexceptionalenduranceandperseveranceinthefaceofadversity(面对困境他表现出了非凡的忍耐力和毅力).中段：举例说明名人及人物面临的逆境ZhangQianwasassignedtoleadtheexpeditiontotheWesternRegionstwice.Unfortunately，hewasonceinprisonforoveradecade，③butheneverabandonedthemotiveforhisvoyages(但他从未放弃远行的动力).Furthermore，althoughjourneyconditionsweremiserable，hiscommitmentfacilitatedthecommercialandculturalexchangesbetweentheEastandtheWestalongtheSilkRoad.结尾：感受或启发④Inspiredbyhim，IhaveresolvedtosticktomyaimregardlessofanydifficultiesImayencounter(在他的激励下，我决定无论遇到什么困难都要坚持自己的目标).【多元表达】⑤Furthermore，althoughjourneyconditionsweremiserable，hiscommitmentfacilitatedthecommercialandculturalexchangesbetweentheEastandtheWestalongtheSilkRoad.(把让步状语从句简化为介词短语作状语)→Despitemiserablejourneyconditions，hiscommitmentfacilitatedthecommercialandculturalexchangesbetweentheEastandtheWestalongtheSilkRoad.Part2.读后续写提能练拓展语料积累动作描写之“看”(二)【语言素材】瞥见/瞟见①glanceat/around/back/up/down 瞥一眼/环视/回头看/向上看/向下看②take/castaglanceat... 向……瞥一眼③catchaglimpseof 瞥见④seesthoutofthecornerofone’seye 用眼角余光一瞟⑤castasidewayslookat 斜瞟了一眼偷看①peek偷看；窥视 ②peepat/through偷看③takeapeepat 偷看一眼 ④stealaglanceat 偷偷瞥一眼其他①meetsb’seye(s)/gaze＝gaze/eyesmeets/meetsb目光相遇；对视②keep/takeone’seyesoff... 把目光从……上移开③tearone’seyesawayfrom 恋恋不舍地把目光从……移开④looksbintheeye(s)/lookintoone’seyes 直视某人的眼睛⑤dropone’sgaze/eyes 垂下眼帘【靓句表达】1.Iglanced/lookedbackovermyshouldertomakesurethatnoonewasfollowingme.我回头瞥了一眼以确保没有人跟着我。2.Theteachercastaglanceatthenoisystudent，andtheclassroomimmediatelybecamequiet.老师朝那个吵闹的学生匆匆瞥了一眼，教室立刻安静了下来。3.Sheapologizedtomesincerelyandlookedmeintheeyethewholetime.她真诚地向我道歉，全程直视着我的眼睛。4.Whentheteacherpointedouthermistakeinthehomework，shedroppedhereyes，tooembarrassedtosayaword.当老师指出她作业中的错误时，她垂下眼帘，尴尬得说不出话来。5.Theteacherwaswritingontheblackboard，butoutofthecornerofhereye，shesawtwostudentspassinganote.老师在黑板上写字，却用眼角的余光看到两个学生传纸条。续写语料运用用表“看”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵微场景：主题“优秀品行”——被老师发现手机后的“看”Theteacher①wasglancingaroundtheclassroom(正环视教室)，hiseyesquicklysweepingovereachstudent，whenhesuddenly②caughtsightofMary(看见玛丽).Hereyesweregluedtothephone.Maryfinallyliftedherheadand③mettheteacher’seyes(迎上老师的目光)，pausedforamoment，and④droppedhergaze(垂下眼帘).Sheswallowedhard，wonderinghowtoexplainit.⑤Theteacherkepthiseyesoffhercellphone(老师把目光从她的手机上移开)，waitingpatientlyforherexplanation.Finally，shelookedup，⑥lookedtheteacherintheeye/lookedintoherteacher’seyes(直视老师的眼睛)andtoldhimthetruth.单元测评30UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE(限时：45分钟满分：62.5分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)A(2026·辽宁省重点中学协作体高考模拟)CocoGauffwillneverforgetthehappinessshefeltinSeptember2023whenherbackhandwinner(制胜球)flewbyheropponentattheU.S.Openfinaltogiveher，at19yearsold，herfirstGrandSlamchampionship.“I’veneverfeltanythinglikethat，”Gauffsays.ThisiscomingfromapersonwhohasbungeejumpedoffSkyTower，NewZealand’stallestbuilding—twice.Gauffwantstofeelthatchampionshiphighagain.“That’sthemotivationthatdrivesme，”shesays.“I’msurefameandfortunewillcomealong.ButIdon’treallycareaboutthat.Ijustcareabouthowmanytrophies(奖杯)Icangetinmyhouse.”ThestarfailedinJanuary2024，whenshelostinthesemisoftheAustralianOpen.ButGauff’striumphshavealreadyfulfilledthepromiseshefirstshowedat15in2019.Expertsexpectedmoretitlesfromhersooner，butGauffprogressedatherownpace.“Beingablackwoman，inasportthatisn’tverydiverse，meansalottome，”shesays.Hergrandmother，whowasthefirstblackstudentatherhighschoolin1961，hasshapedherview.Afterablackman’smurderin2020，Gauffpostedabouttheinjusticeonsocialmediaandspokeataprotest.“IfeltIhadtospeakout.Ifyoustaysilent，you’resupportingtheabusers.”Gauff，whoturned20inMarch2024，toldTIME，“It’scrazytothinkthatI’mnotgoingtobeateenageranymore.”Butsheknowsshe’sstillearlyinherjourney.“Atfirst，Iwasscaredtogrowup，butnowI’membracingadulthood.Changeisalwaysneededinthisworld.IhopeIcanplayasmallpart.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了网球运动员可可·高芙的故事，包括她获得大满贯冠军的经历、激励她的动力、她在社会事件中的发声以及对成长的看法。1.WhatmotivatedGaufftowinmoretrophies？A.Thepursuitoffameandfortune.B.Thesupportfromhergrandmother.C.Thejoyofwinningthechampionship.D.Thedesiretochangethetennisworld.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Gauffwantstofeelthatchampionshiphighagain.‘That’sthemotivationthatdrivesme，’shesays.”可知，激励高芙赢得更多奖杯的是夺冠的喜悦。故选C。2.WhatwasGauff’sreactionafterablackman’smurderin2020？A.Sheorganizedaprotest.B.Shekeptsilentonsocialmedia.C.Sheexpressedherviewspublicly.D.Sheaskedhergrandmotherforadvice.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Afterablackman’smurderin2020，Gauffpostedabouttheinjusticeonsocialmediaandspokeataprotest.”可知，2020年一名黑人被谋杀后，高芙公开表达了自己的观点。故选C。3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCocoGauff？A.Fearlessandresponsible.B.Ambitiousbutshy.C.Humorousbutsensitive.D.Cautiousandreserved.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“ThisiscomingfromapersonwhohasbungeejumpedoffSkyTower，NewZealand’stallestbuilding—twice.”可推知，高芙很勇敢，即fearless；再根据第四段“Afterablackman’smurderin2020，Gauffpostedabouttheinjusticeonsocialmediaandspokeataprotest.‘IfeltIhadtospeakout.Ifyoustaysilent，you’resupportingtheabusers.’”可推知，高芙是个有责任感的人。故选A。4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage？A.CocoGauff：ARisingStarinTennisB.CocoGauff：OvercomingFearinAdulthoodC.CocoGauff：TheRoadtoGrandSlamGloryD.CocoGauff：TennisSuccessandSocialVoice答案：D解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段“CocoGauffwillneverforgetthehappinessshefeltinSeptember2023whenherbackhandwinner(制胜球)flewbyheropponentattheU.S.Openfinaltogiveher，at19yearsold，herfirstGrandSlamchampionship.”以及后续段落中关于她在网球领域的表现和追求可知，文章讲述了可可·高芙在网球上的成功。再根据第四段“Afterablackman’smurderin2020，Gauffpostedabouttheinjusticeonsocialmediaandspokeataprotest.”可知，文章还提及了她在社会事件中的发声。所以选项D“可可·高芙：网球成功与社会声音”为文章最佳标题。故选D。B(2026·临汾市适应性训练)Agreenbeltthatstretchesfor2，000hectares(公顷)nowcompletelyringsthecityofOuagadougou.Itbeganlifebackinthe1970sanditsoriginalaimistoreforest2，100hectaresatanannualrateof100hectaresagainstthedesertthatliesbeyondthegreenery，justafewstepsaway.Butanewstimulushasrecentlybeengiventotheproject，whichseeks，beyondholdingbackthedesert，tofighttheheatandpromoteurbanagriculturetohelpfeedacitythathasdoubleditspopulationinjust14years.Thedeadlyheatwavethathitthecountryin2024hammeredhometheurgencyofwhatisnowavitalprojectforthecity.“Oneoftheobjectivesofthegreenbeltistolowerthecity’stemperature；that’swhywe’realsoplantingtrees，”saidMouminiSawadogooftheSpanish-RedCross，whichfinanceda2-hectaregardenaspartofthebelt，includingtheconstructionoftwowaterwellsandtraininginagroecology.ResearchhasshownthatbotanicalgardensarethegreenspaceswiththegreatestcapacitytolowercitytemperaturesandthatsitessuchasRoyalBotanicalGardeninLondonreducedairtemperatureduringtheheatwavesinthecitystreetsbyanaverageof5℃.Cityresidentscanhaveaplotofsixbeds.Cabbage，onion，mint，lettuceandpapayaarenowfoundintheplots.“MysufferinghasdecreasedbecauseIhavefoodandearnmoney，”saidIbundo，55，whohaslivedhisentirelifecollectingstonestosell—ajobforthoseseekingtoearnadailylivingbyanymeans.Thebeltcanalsoofferasolutiontopeoplefleeingruralareas，whoareaccustomedtoworkingtheland，likeLassinaKahoré，54，whousedtoworkasacerealfarmer，buthadtogiveuphisfarm.Henowlooksaftersixbedsoflettuce.“Wheredesertsoncestoleourhope，theseleavesnowwritenewstories，”hesaid.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瓦加杜古的绿化带项目，其目的演变、降温作用及给居民生活带来的积极影响。5.Whatistheinitialgoalofthegreenbelt？A.Toincreasevegetableoutput.B.Toexpandforestcoverage.C.Topreventlanddesertification.D.Toconservewaterresources.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Itbeganlifebackinthe1970sanditsoriginalaimistoreforest2，100hectaresatanannualrateof100hectaresagainstthedesertthatliesbeyondthegreenery，justafewstepsaway.”可知，绿化带项目最初的目标是以每年100公顷的速度重新造林2100公顷来对抗不远处的沙漠，也就是防止土地沙漠化。故选C。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“hammeredhome”probablymean？A.Hit. B.Emphasized.C.Addressed. D.Ignored.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段“Thedeadlyheatwavethathitthecountryin2024hammeredhometheurgencyofwhatisnowavitalprojectforthecity.”可知，2024年袭击该国的致命热浪使得这个对城市至关重要的项目的紧迫性更加突出，推测画线部分hammeredhome意思是“强调”。故选B。7.WhyisRoyalBotanicalGardeninLondonmentioned？A.TodemonstratetheaidofRedCross.B.Toprovethesuccessofthegreenbelt.C.Toillustratetheconceptofdesigninggardens.D.Toshowthecoolingeffectofbotanicalgardens.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Researchhasshownthat...byanaverageof5℃.”可知，提到伦敦皇家植物园是为了以伦敦皇家植物园为例展示植物园的降温效果。故选D。8.WhatdoesLassinaKahoré’sstatementimply？A.Thebenefitsofglobalcooperation.B.Improvedqualityoflifebytheproject.C.Thenecessityoftraininginagriculture.D.Collectiveeffortsmadebylocalresidents.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Wheredesertsoncestoleourhope，theseleavesnowwritenewstories，’hesaid.”以及前文提到像LassinaKahoré这样的人以前的生活状况和现在在绿化带工作的情况可知，他说的话表明曾经沙漠夺走了他们的希望，而现在绿化带的蔬菜(叶子)给他们带来了新的生活，意味着这个项目提高了他们的生活质量。故选B。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)(2026·江西省高三上学期联考)Regardlessofwhereyoulive，youarepartofthesociety.Asmembersofthesociety，youhavearesponsibilitytohelpothersandimprovetheworld.1Herearesomeeffectivemethodstosupportyourcommunityanddevelopyourskillstogivebackevenmore.2Smallactsofkindnesscanmakeabigdifference.Whenyouseeanopportunitytohelpsomeone，takeitwithasmile.Forexample，assistanelderlypersoncrossingthestreet，giveamealtoahomelessperson，orhelpsomeonecarryaheavypackage.Checkinginonvulnerable(脆弱的)relativesorfamilymembers，liketheelderlyorthoselivingalone，canalsomakethemfeellessisolated.Showempathyandlisten.3Iftheyaregoingthroughatoughtime，offertolistenandshareyourexperiences.Thisnotonlyhelpsthemfeelsupportedbutalsogivesyouideasforbroadercommunitychanges.Volunteerinyourcommunity.Volunteeringisagreatwaytoengagewithyourcommunityandhelpthoseinneed.4However，itcansignificantlyimpactothers’lives.Youcanvolunteeratlocalsheltersorhospitals，dependingonyourinterest.Teachusefulskills.Sharingpracticalknowledgeandskillscanbenefityourcommunity.Teachothershowtosolveeverydayproblems，likefixingaflattireorcookingasimplemeal.5A.Assistthosestrangersinneed.B.Lendahandtoothersindailylife.C.Youcancontributeinbothsmallandlargeways.D.Itrequiresonlyasmallamountofyourtimeeachweek.E.Betteringyourselfisaproperwaytocontributetothesociety.F.Supportingyourlovedonesemotionallyisanotherwaytocontribute.G.Thesenotonlyhelpindividualsbutalsostrengthenthecommunityasawhole.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕社会成员应承担的社会责任展开，强调帮助他人、改善世界的重要性，并提供了日常助人、共情倾听、社区志愿、传授技能等多种支持社区、回馈社会的有效方法。1.答案：C解析：根据空前的“Asmembersofthesociety，youhavearesponsibilitytohelpothersandimprovetheworld.”以及空后的“Herearesomeeffectivemethodstosupportyourcommunityanddevelopyourskillstogivebackevenmore.”可知，此处应起到承上启下的作用，说明贡献社会的方式有多种，C选项既呼应了前文“帮助他人、改善世界”的责任，又为后文列举不同方法做了铺垫。故选C。2.答案：B解析：分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落小标题格式一致，为祈使句。本段主要讲述在日常生活中帮助他人，B选项“Lendahandtoothersindailylife.”为祈使句，能概括本段主题，符合语境。故选B。3.答案：F解析：根据空前的“Showempathyandlisten.”以及空后的“Iftheyaregoingthroughatoughtime，offertolistenandshareyourexperiences.Thisnotonlyhelpsthemfeelsupportedbutalsogivesyouideasforbroadercommunitychanges.”可知，此处应说明“共情倾听”的具体对象和意义，F选项中的“Supportingyourlovedonesemotionally”与前文“empathyandlisten”相呼应，“anotherwaytocontribute”也符合文章列举多种贡献方式的逻辑。故选F。4.答案：D解析：根据空前的“Volunteeringisagreatwaytoengagewithyourcommunityandhelpthoseinneed.”以及空后的“However，itcansignificantlyimpactothers’lives.Youcanvolunteeratlocalsheltersorhospitals，dependingonyourinterest.”可知，此处应说明志愿服务的特点，且与后文“重大影响”形成转折，D选项“onlyasmallamountofyourtime”与后文“significantlyimpact”形成对比转折，体现志愿服务“小投入大影响”的特点。故选D。5.答案：G解析：根据空前的“Teachusefulskills.Sharingpracticalknowledgeandskillscanbenefityourcommunity.Teachothershowtosolveeverydayproblems，likefixingaflattireorcookingasimplemeal.”可知，此处应说明传授技能的积极作用，G选项中的“These”指代前文“Teachusefulskills.”及具体例子，“helpindividuals”以及“strengthenthecommunity”概括了传授技能的双重好处。故选G。Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)(2026·山东省青岛市高三一模)I’vealwaysbeenterrifiedofheights.Thethoughtofbeinguphighmademyheart1andmyhandssweat.Butonesummer，myfriendsandIdecidedtotryrockclimbing，andIchosetofacemy2.Wearrivedattheclimbinggym，andthe3wallsaboveusseemedlikeahugechallenge.Whenmyfriendseagerlyputontheirclimbingbeltsandstartedpracticingonthelowerroutes，I4.Iwatchedthemwithamixofadmirationand5.Icouldfeelawaveofself-doubtwashoverme.Whenitwasmy6，Ifinallytookadeepbreathandtiedmybelt.Thefirstfewfeetweremanageable，butasIclimbedhigher，myfear7.Myhandsshook，andIgraspedtheholds8.“You’redoinggreat！”myfriends9frombelow，butIcouldbarelyhearthemforthethunderingofmyownheart.Ilookeddownandimmediately10it，asthegroundseemedsofaraway.I11，tryingtosteadymybreathing.IknewIhadtwochoices：giveuporkeepgoing.Ichosethelatter.Slowly，I12upward.ThehigherIclimbed，themoremyconfidencegrew.WhenIfinallyreachedthetop，Icouldn’t13thesmileonmyfaceandfeltasenseof14.Thatday，Ilearnedthatsometimes，thehardestpartofovercomingafearistakingthefirst15.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作者克服恐高症的经历，展现了个人成长和挑战自我的过程。文章详细叙述了作者从犹豫、害怕到最终成功登顶的心路历程，以及在这个过程中获得的成就感和自我认知。1.A.break B.flyC.sing D.race答案：D解析：根据上文“I’vealwaysbeenterrifiedofheights.”可知，作者恐高，所以一想到在高处，应该是心跳加速。故选D。2.A.danger B.fearC.duty D.future答案：B解析：根据上文“I’vealwaysbeenterrifiedofheights.”可知，作者恐高。由此可知，作者决定尝试攀岩是为了直面自己的恐惧。故选B。3.A.dividing B.bearingC.towering D.enclosing答案：C解析：根据空后“wallsaboveusseemedlikeahugechallenge”可知，作者觉得这是个巨大的挑战，结合作者恐高可知，这里是说高耸的墙壁。故选C。4.A.complained B.hesitatedC.agreed D.failed答案：B解析：根据下文“Iwatchedthemwithamixofadmirationand.Icouldfeelawaveofself-doubtwashoverme.”可知，作者看到朋友们急切地开始练习，自己已经开始心生犹豫。故选B。5.A.anxiety B.sympathyC.gratitude D.desire答案：A解析：根据上文“I’vealwaysbeenterrifiedofheights.”可知，作者恐高。由此可知，因为作者恐高，看到朋友们去攀岩，自己又不敢，所以此时心情是既羡慕又焦虑。故选A。6.A.choice B.favoriteC.turn D.way答案：C解析：根据下文“Ifinallytookadeepbreathandtiedmybelt”中的“finally”可知，终于轮到作者攀岩了。故选C。7.A.fadedaway B.movedonC.heldback D.builtup答案：D解析：根据上文可知，作者恐高。再根据下文“Myhandsshook”可知，随着爬得更高，作者的恐惧加剧。故选D。8.A.tightly B.lightlyC.calmly D.skillfully答案：A解析：根据上文“Thefirstfewfeetweremanageable，butasIclimbedhigher，myfear.”可知，由于作者恐高，所以爬得越高，作者越害怕。再根据常识可知，由于害怕，作者会紧紧地抓住岩壁上的支撑点。故选A。9.A.stressed B.cheeredC.joked D.responded答案：B解析：根据上文“You’redoinggreat！”可知，朋友们在下面为作者加油。故选B。10.A.regretted B.discoveredC.enjoyed D.made答案：A解析：根据上文内容可知，作者恐高；再根据下文“asthegroundseemedsofaraway”可知，作者往下看后立刻就后悔。故选A。11.A.cried B.wavedC.froze D.accepted答案：C解析：根据下文“tryingtosteadymybreathing”以及上文提到的作者害怕的状态可知，作者此时是愣住了。故选C。12.A.edged B.jumpedC.landed D.guided答案：A解析：根据上文“IknewIhadtwochoices：giveuporkeepgoing.Ichosethelatter.”可知，作者选择继续往上爬。再根据“Slowly”可知，作者慢慢地