雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《英语漫谈西方科学史（长江大学）》单元测试考核答案

英语漫谈西方科学史第1题Hippocrateswasanancient____doctor.ATurkishBRomanCGreekDFrench第2题WhencombattingaplagueinAthens,Hippocratesused_____tostoptheepidemicafterknowingthatonlytheblacksmithswerenotinfected.AwaterBbonfiresCknifeDmedicine第3题“Hippocraticwritings”,acollectionofmedical_____,werestoredintheGreatLibraryofAlexandria.ApublicationsBmanuscriptsCnovelsDillustrations第4题HippocratictheoryliberatedancientGreekmedicinefromthemagicalandreligiouselementsandguideditby_____andexperiment.AnatureBobservationCinstinctDgods第5题Ifamereregulationofthedietfails,apurgativeeffectcanbeintensifiedbytheuseofdrugs.Butthedrugtreatmentswerestillextremelyrestrictedtovegetabledrugsbyskilled_____.AherbalistsBsoldiersCpatientsDblacksmiths第6题Therationaleforsurgicalproceduresstemmedfromhumoraltheorythatcurecouldbeacceleratediftheharmful____wereartificiallydischargedfromthebodythroughartificialopeningsAorganBfoodChumoursDvirus第7题Thesurgeryof____anddislocationswaswelldevelopedinHippocratictimes,asaresultofcommonaccidentsduringsports.AtransplantBorganremovalCfracturesDdislocations第8题WhoisHippocrates’contemporaryinChina?()AShennong(神农)BBianque(扁鹊)CHuatuo(华佗)DLishizhen(李时珍)第9题WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheHippocraticCorpusisincorrect?()AHippocrateshimselfsupervisedthecollectionoftheCorpus.BThecollectionwasprimarilyassembledinRome.CTheCorpusconsistsofaround60worksmainlyfromtheclassicalageofGreece.DAncientscholarslikeGalenuniversallyacceptedtheauthenticityofalltextsintheCorpus.第10题WhatwerethemajoroperationsperformedintheHippocratictimes?()ADrillingholesintheskulltorelievepressureBDrainingfluidfromthechestCCuttingofflimbsincasesofseveredecayofbodytissueDTransplantingtheheart第1题WhattooldidHippocratesandhisfollowersusetoexplainthehumanbody?()AknifeBvesselCanalogyDlantern第2题Intheabsenceofscientifictools,withoutasharedscientific____,theancientGreekscouldonlycreateelaboratehypotheticalstructuresonthehumanbody.AmethodBvocabularyClaboratoryDpartner第3题HowdidGreekthinkersexplain“phusis”?()AThroughobservationBUsingscientifictoolsCUsingarmchairsDThroughthinking第4题Whobelievedthatwaterwastheunderlyingelementofallthingsinphusis?()AThemonistsBThepluralistsCTheatomistsDHippocraticdoctors第5题Whosetheorywaswidelyacceptedbyotherthinkers?()AThemonistsBThepluralistsCTheatomistsDHippocraticdoctors第6题Whosetheoryaccidentallyhitonthetruth?()AThemonistsBThepluralistsCTheatomistsDHippocraticdoctors第7题Whobelievedthatatomwastoosmalltobeseen?()AThalesBEmpedoclesCLeucippusDDemocritus第8题WhichstatementisNOTtrueaboutPlato?()AHeisaGreekphilosopher.BHestronglysupportedmaterialisticexplanationsoftheworld.CHethinksthegodsareessentialinthecreationoftheworld.DHelivedalonglife.第9题Whatareincludedinthestudyof“phusis”?()ApoliticsBtreesCthesoulDthesunandthemoon第10题AccordingtoTimaeus,wecanunderstandtheuniversethrough____.ATouchBSmellCSightDThinkingTestforChapter3第1题Aristotlewasanancient______thinker.AGreekBRomanCIndianDEgyptian第2题WhowasAristotle’steacher?()ASocratesBPlatoCGalileoDEuclid第3题Aristotle’smostinfluentialscientificwork,thePhysics,isallabout______.AchangeBbeautyCnatureDGods第4题Aristotle’sscienceisteleological,firmlyconvincedthatnatureismoving______,inthedirectionofperfection.ApurposefullyBrandomlyCregularlyDatwill第5题Aristotleinventedtaxonomy,thescienceof______livingthingsbytheirsharedcharacteristics.AnumberingBclassifyingCseparatingDreasoning第6题WhichofthefollowingexamplecanbestillustrateAristotlesyllogism?()AWhenyouhavekeysandtissuesinyourpocket,everytimeyouwanttotakeoutthetissues,youalwayspulloutthekeysfirst;whenyou'reinahurrytofindthekeystoopenthedoor,yourfingersalwaystouchthetissuesfirst.BIfyourwalletisinyourpocket,andyourmoneyisinyourwallet,thenyourmoneymustbeinyourpocket.CIfthesheepfoldisbrokenandnoonerepairsit,moresheepwillbelostsoon.DWealthypeoplefinditeasiertomakemoremoneythroughinvestments.第7题Aristotlebelievedthatthespeedofafallingobjectisdirectlyproportionaltoitsweight.Forexample,anironblockfallsfasterthancotton.Accordingtolegend,______refutedhistheorythroughhisexperimentontheLeaningTowerofPisa.APtolemyBPlatoCCopernicusDGalileo第8题OnereasonwhyAristotle'serroneoustheoriescoulddominateWesternscienceforsolongisthat______transformedtheprocessofexplorationintoastaticdogmainordertobetterrulethepeople.AthemedievalchurchBancientGreekthinkersCtheRomanKnightsDAlexandertheGreat第9题TherearesimilaritiesbetweenConfucianismandAristotle'sphilosophyintermsofethicalpursuitsandsocialideals.Bothpartiestake"______"astheirultimategoal.AstrictlawsBnon-aggressionCgoodnessDnon-action第10题Atthelevelofsocialgovernance,Aristotleadvocatesthat"Manisapoliticalanimal,"emphasizingthepoliticalethicsofcitizens'participation.ButLaoziputsforwardtheidealsocietyof______,andadvocatestheideaoflettingthingstaketheirowncourseanddoingnothing,whichisthebasicconceptofTaoism.Athegoldenmean,amoderateandjustrightwaywhenunderstandingandhandlingobjectivethingsBasmallstatewithasmallpopulationCachievinginterpersonalharmonythroughmoralcultivationDmaintaininghierarchicalorderthroughtheeducationofritesandmusic.TestforChapter4第1题______wasthefounderoftheAcademyofAthens?AHippocratesBAristotleCPlatoDPtolemy第2题Forcenturies,manyancientthinkersbelievedtheuniversewasaperfectspheremadeoffivefundamentalelements:earth,water,air,fire,anda()_______whoseexistencewasdeducedratherthanseen.AinvisibleetherBmysteriousspiritCheaveymatterDchemicalsubstance第3题WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtotheunderstandingoftheuniverseinthesecondcenturyAD?()ATheearthismadeofheavymatter.BThestarsaremadeoflightmatter.CWaterislightmatter.DFireandaircanmovefasterthanwater.第4题WhichstatementisNOTtrueabouttheAlmagest?()AItwasbasedonthetheoryofHipparchus.BItwaswrittenbyPtolemy.CItwasthemostsophisticatedastronomicalworkofthetime,thoughgivinganerroneousmodeloftheuniverse.DIthadbeenchallengedbyotherastronomersformorethan1000years.第5题WhichofthefollowingcityplayedavitalroleinpreservingclassicalGreekandRomanscientificworksoftechnology,astronomy,andengineering,includingtheAlmagest?()ARomeBConstantinopleCVaticanDMilan第6题WhichstatementistrueabouteducationinRomanEmpire?()ANewscientificpursuitswereregardedasinterestingbutnotpracticalrecreations.BRhetoricwasregardedasuselessskills.CScientificinvestigationwasimportantinlawandpolitics.DOldGreekscientifictextswerevalued.第7题Whatweremoreusefulskillsforclergymenincathedralschools?()AGeometryandrhetoricthatwereusefulinastronomyandnavigation.BGeometryandarithmeticthatwereusefulinastronomy.CArithmetic,andgrammarthatwereusefulintheinvestigationofthenaturalworld.DRhetoricandgrammarthatwereusefulinlawandpolitics.第8题WhosecontributionsarecomparabletothoseofPtolemyinancientChina?()AZuChongzhi(祖冲之)BZhangHeng(张衡)CxuGuangqi(徐光启)DLiuXisou(刘羲叟)第9题Toqualifyasfutureclergymenduringthefifthtoeightcentury,whatweretheeducatedyouthrequiredtolearnincathedralschools?()ATheartsofexpression.BTheknowledgeofgrammar,logic,andrhetoric.CTheknowledgeofarithmetic,geometry,astronomy,andmusic.DTheartsoftrivium.第10题WhatwerethemajorcontributionsmadebyZhangHeng?()ATheinventionoftheArmillaryShpere.BTheinventionoftheworld'sfirstseismograph-HoufengSeismograph.CCalculatingPi(π),whichwashighlyadvancedforhisera.DCompilingatextbookinastronomy.TestforChapter5第1题WhichstatementistrueaboutCopernicus?()AHehadreadtheoriginalcopyoftheAlmagest.BHehadnochancetostudyinauniversity.CHeobservedandrecordedthemovementsofSaturnandthemoon.DHehadnodoubtsonPtolemy’stheory.第2题WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrueabouttheunversityofCracow?()AItisapublicresearchuniversityinKraków.BItofferednodegreesinEnglish.CitistheoldestuniversityinPoland.DThemainlanguageofinstructionisPolish.第3题WhatwasCopernicus’sprimarymotivationinwritingtheCommentariolus?()ATofindamorereasonablearrangementofthesunandotherspheres.BToshowhisadmissionthatthePtolemaicsystemworkedreasonablywell.CTotelltheearthwasmotionless.DToprovehistalentsinmathematics.第4题WhichstatementisNOTtrueabouttheOntheRevolutionsoftheHeavenlySpheres?()AItwasamasterpieceofmathematics.BItwasequalinlengthandcomplexitytotheadmirableCommentariolus.CItwasaboutthemovementsoftheheavenlybodies.DItamaturemanual,completewithobervations.第5题WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtoCopernicus?()ATheearthperformedacompleterotationonitsfixedpolesinadailymotion.BTheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.CTheearthdidnotremainmotionless.DTheearthmovedatanamazingspeedinordertocompleteitstripwithinayear.第6题WhycouldCopernicusonlyconstructatheoreticalframeworkofhisrevolutionaryheliocentricmodel?()ABecauseofthelackoftelescopictechnologyandempiricalevidence.BBecausehismodelmarkedaprofoundshiftincosmologicalthought.CBecausehewantedtoseektheprotectionfromPopePaulIII.DBecausehedidnotwanttochallengethegeocentricdoctrine.第7题Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothetext?()ACopernicustoldthePopethathistheoryisbetterthangeocentrictheory.BPopePaulIIIacceptedCopernicus’sworkreluctantly.CHeliocentricmodelcausedlittledisagreement.DCopernicusachievedhisgoalusingrhetoric.第8题WhydidCopernicushesitatetoreleasetheOntheRevolutionstheHeavenlySpheres?()AHewasafraidthathisheliocentrictheorywasnotanabsolutetruth.BHedidn’twanttochallengeAristoteliancosmology.CHefearedpersecutionbytheChurch.DHethoughthistheoryasamathematicalhypothesis.第9题WhatisthesignificanceofCopernicus’sheliocentrictheory?()AItpavedthewayformodernastronomy.BItdemonstratedCopernicus'sboldskepticismandremarkableintellectualinsight.CItrepresentedacrucialturningpointinscientificthought.DItshowedhiswillingnesstoquestionauthorityandpursuitofmathematicaltruth.第10题WhatweregreatachievementsmadebyGuoShoujingoftheYuanDynasty?()ATheCompilationoftheShoushiCalendar.BImprovementandinventionofastronomicalinstruments.CCarryingoutlarge-scaleastronomicalobservations.DcompilingthegroundbreakingShoushiCalendarStarCatalog.TestforChapter6第1题ThefollowingstatementsaboutFrancisBaconaretrueExcept______?AHewasapioneerofempiricism.BHewasoneofthefoundersofthemodernscientificmethod..Cadvocatedsystematicobservationanddeductivereasoning.DHelaidthegroundworkformodernscientificmethodology.第2题Whatdoeshismostfamousaphorism"Knowledgeispower"underscore?()ATheimportanceofknowledgeindoingexperiment.BTheimportanceofknowledgeinreligion.CTheimportanceofknowledgeinpolitics.DThecentralroleofknowledgeinhumanprogress.第3题WhichstatementisNOTtrueaboutBacon’searlyyears??()AHeoncewasalawyerandapart-timephilosopher.BHewasbornintoaninfluentialfamily.CHedidn’twanttobeapolitician.DHeranintofinancialtroublesoccasionally.第4题WhatwasBacon’slifelongmission?()ATonavigatethepoliticalcircles.BToreorganizeallhumanknowledgewithanempirical,experiment-basedapproachtoscience.CToreplacethepositionofAristotelinthefieldofscientificresearch.DTobeagovernmentofficial第5题WhatwasthemostimportantpursuitmancouldundertakeaccordingtoBacon?()AThepursuitsofastrologyandalchemy.BScience,theprojectofunderstandingtheuniverse.CThestudyofhistory.DTheimaginativewritings.第6题WhatdidtheshipsailingbeyondthePillarsofHerculesonthefrontispieceofNovumOrganummean?()AItwasametaphorforBacon'sambitiontopushhumanknowledgeintounchartedterritories.BItwasthefarthestreachofHercules’sjourney.CItshowedthatAristotelianphilosophyhadconstrainedscientificprogress.DItpresentedarevolutionarychallengetoAristotle'sdeductivelogic.第7题Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothetext?()AWhileinductionprovidescertaintyifpremisesaretrue,deductionoffersprobabilitybasedonempiricalevidence.BInductivereasoningprogressesfrombroad,universallyacceptedprinciplestospecific,logicallyinevitableconclusions.COnlythroughmeticulous,bottom-upapproach,accordingtoBacon,couldhumansavoidfalsegeneralizationsanduncoverreliabletruthsaboutnature.DDeductivereasoninggeneralizesfromlimitedobservations.第8题WhichstatementistrueaboutBacon’slaterlife?()ABacon'spoliticalcareerendedgracefully.BBacondiedofpneumoniawhenimprisonedintheTowerofLondon.CBacon’seloquentdefenseforhimselfhelpedhimescapefrompunishment..DBaconspenthisfinalyearsinscholarlyretirement.第9题WhichstatementsaretrueaboutBacon'sNovumOrganum(NewTools)?()AItprofoundlyshaped17thcenturyscientificpractice.BItwasalsonamedastheAdvancementofLearning.CItpresentedarevolutionarychallengetoAristotle'sdeductivelogic.DBaconmeticulouslydetailedhowresearchersshouldcollect,analyze,andinterpretnaturalphenomenatouncovernature'struelawsinthebook.第10题WhichstatementsaretrueaboutSongYingxing?()ASongYingxingwasapioneeringscientist,agronomist,andtechnologistduringtheturbulenttransitionfromtheMingtoQingdynasties.BSongYingxingrepeatedlyfailedtheimperialexaminations.CSongalwayspersonallyverifiedtechniqueswithartisansandfarmers.DJustlikeBacon's,SongYingxingemphasizedempiricalresearchandpracticalexperimentation,advocatingfortheinvestigationofnaturallawsthroughdirectobservation.TestforChapter7第1题Bacon’sapproachtoscienceemphasizedempiricalobservation,experimentation,and_______reasoning,layingthefoundationformodernscientificinquiry.AdeductiveBspeculativeCinductiveDtheoretical第2题Galen’sunderstandingofanatomyandmedicinewasprincipallyinfluencedbythetheoryofthe________.AfourelementsBfourhumorsCvitalspiritsDnaturalcauses第3题GalenfacedadoubletabooagainsthumandissectionbecauseboththeancientGreeksandRomansbelievedthat_________.AproperburialwasnecessarybeforethesoulcouldenterheavenBhumanbodiesshouldbepreservedformedicalstudyCdissectionwasawaytohonorthedeadDonlycriminalscouldbedissectedafterdeath第4题AndreasVesaliuschallengedGalen’sauthoritybypublishing_________,amassivemanualofanatomywithdetaileddrawingsfromactualdissections.ATheGreatInstaurationBFasciculusmedicinaeCTheHippocraticCorpusDDehumanicorporisfabrica第5题TheFabrica,publishedin1543,establishedaparticularlystrongpracticeof__________atPadua.AtheoreticalspeculationBhands-onanatomyCherbalmedicineDbloodletting第6题WhydidVesaliusfindthatmanyofGalen’sconclusionsaboutthehumanbodywere“obviously,demonstrably,clearlywrong”?__________AGalenreliedmainlyonanimaldissectionsratherthanhumanbodiesBGalenmisunderstoodHippocrates’theoryofthefourhumorsCGalenuseddrawingsthatwereinaccurateandimaginaryDGalenlackedaccesstoancientRomanlibraries第7题WhatisMafeisaninventedbyHuaTuo,theEasternHanphysician?________AAtypeofherbalmedicinefordigestionBThefirstanestheticintheworldCAmanualonacupuncturetechniquesDAclassificationofmedicinalherbs第8题TheBenCaoGangMu(CompendiumofMateriaMedica),compiledbyLiShizhenintheMingDynasty,wasthefirstbookintheworldto__________.AdescribesurgicaltechniquesindetailBexplainthetheoryofthefourhumorsCscientificallycategorizemedicinalherbsDcompareChineseandWesternmedicine第9题WhichstatementisTrueaboutGalen’sdissectionpractice?()AHeusedpigsinhisdissectionbecausetheirfacialexpressionswerelikethoseofhumans.BHeprovedthatvoicewascontrolledbythebrainthroughcuttingopendeadpig’shead.CHesometimesdemonstratedthedissectioninpublic.DInoneexperimenthecutopenapigalivetoshowvocalcordscontrolledthesoundmaking.第10题WhichstatementisNOTTrueabouthumandissectioninthe15thand16thcentury?()AItdidn’tbecomewidely-spreaduntilPopeSixtusIV’sdeclarationin1482.BItwasmostpopularatGreekuniversitiesasatypeofmedicaltraining.CEventuallyitbecametheologicallyreasonableaslongastheremainsweregivenChristianburial.DItalianuniversitiesweremorelikelytousepigsforanatomy.TestforChapter8第1题WhydidVesaliusconcludethatmanyofGalen’sanatomicalideaswere“obviously,demonstrably,clearlywrong”?_______AHereliedonlyonCopernicus’astronomicalmethod.BHeobservedthehumanbodyfirsthandthroughdissection.CHestudiedonlyGalen’sanimaldissectionswithoutcheckingthem.DHerejectedallformsofancientknowledgewithoutevidence.第2题WilliamHarvey(1578–1657)wasthefirstknownphysiciantodescribecompletelyandindetail__________.AthesystemiccirculationofbloodpumpedbytheheartBthetheoryofthefourhumorsCtheuseofanestheticsinsurgeryDthepracticeofhands-onanatomyatPadua第3题WheredidWilliamHarveyreceivehismedicaleducation?___________ALondonBPaduaCRomeDAthens第4题AccordingtoGalen,thedarkerbloodintheright-handchamberoftheheartwas__________.AmanufacturedbytheliverBproducedbythelungsCcreatedinthebrainDtransformedfromarterialblood第5题HowdidHarveyfirstarriveattheconceptofbloodcirculation?_______ABydissectingonlyBarbaryapesandcomparingthemtohumansBByobservingthecolordifferencesbetweenarterialandvenousbloodCBycalculatingthattheamountofbloodpumpedperhourfarexceededtotalbodyweightDByrelyingonGalen’sdescriptionsoftheliverproducingblood第6题HowdidHarveyshowthatvenousbloodflowsonlytowardtheheart?_________ABywatchingtheheartbeatBBypressingbloodawayfromtheheartandobservingtheveinsCBystudyingtheliverDBydissectinganimalsonly第7题WilliamHarveyisconsideredafoundingfatherofmodernexperimentalmedicinebecausehe__________.AinventedanestheticsforsurgeryBreliedsolelyonGalen’sdescriptionsofbloodCobservedanatomywithoutexperimentationDinvestigatedandprovedthatbloodcirculatesaroundthebody第8题TheearliestrecordofbloodcirculationinChinaappearsinwhichbook?_________ATheInnerClassicoftheYellowEmperor(Huang-LaoDaoism,WarringStates)BTreatiseonColdDamageandMiscellaneousDiseases(ShanghanZabingLun,ZhangZhongjing,EasternHan)CQianjinFang(SunSimiao,TangDynasty)DCompendiumofMateriaMedica(BenCaoGangMu,LiShizhen,MingDynasty)第9题WhichstatementisTrueaboutWilliamHarvey'slecture?()AHetaughtwithhisteacherVesaliusBHeusedbothEnglishandLatinashislanguageofinstruction.CHeperformeddissectiontohisstudentstwiceaweek.DHeusedthedeadbodyofprisonersasteachingmaterialsinhislecture.第10题HowdidhumanbloodmoveandheartfunctionaccordingtoGalen?()AThedarkerbloodwasmadebyliver.BThebloodwassuckedbytheorgans.CTheheartcouldtransformblood.DTheheartbeatwasapassiveeffect.TestforChapter9第1题Accordingtothefirstchapter,whatdidGalileochallengeaboutAristotle'sideasonmotion?AThatobjectsinmotiontendtostayinmotion.BThatheavierobjectsfallfasterthanlighterones.CThattheearthisthecenteroftheuniverse.DThatmotionrequiresaconstantforce.第2题Accordingtothefirstchapter,whatdidGalileodiscoverbyobservingaswingingchandelierinacathedral?AThelawofgravity.BTheisochronismofthependulum.CTherotationoftheEarth.DThestructureofthesolarsystem.第3题Accordingtothesecondchapter,whywasGalileoforcedtousetheuniversity’slargestlecturehallinPadua?ABecausehislecturesonmedicaleducationwererequiredforallstudents.BBecausethesizewasneededtoconducthisexperimentsoninclinedplanes.CBecausehewassopopularthatheattractedahugenumberofstudentsfromacrossEurope.DBecauseheneededthespacetodemonstratehisnewinvention,thethermoscope.第4题Accordingtothesecondchapter,howisGalileo'sthermometerprimarilycharacterizednow?AAsapreciseinstrumentforscientificmeasurementthatwasunaffectedbyairpressure.BAsadecorativeitemoreducationaltoolthatillustratedtemperaturechanges.CAsadeviceprimarilyusedforhisgroundbreakingexperimentsonmotion.DAsahighlyaccuratethermometerthatheusedinhismedicalstudies.第5题Accordingtothethirdchapter,whoappliedforapatentfortherefractingtelescopein1608?AGalileoGalileiBHansLippersheyCNicolausCopernicusDAristotle第6题Accordingtothethirdchapter,whatmagnificationdidGalileofinallyachievewithhisimprovedtelescope?A3timesB10timesC32timesD50times第7题Accordingtothefourthchapter,,whatwastheprimarypurposeoftheInquisition?ATosupportnewscientificdiscoveries.BToadministerthegovernment.CTopromotetheteachingsofAristotle.DTorootoutandpunishheresy.第8题Accordingtothefifthchapter,whatanalogydidGalileousetoexplainwhyhumanscannotfeeltheEarth'smotion?AUsingtheexampleofanobjectbeingdroppedfromaship'smast.BComparingtheEarthtoapendulumswinginginaclock.CDescribingtheEarthasatopspinningonatable.DComparingthesolarsystemtoacomplexmechanicalclock.第9题Accordingtothesixthchapter,whatdidGalileoconfesswhenhekneltbeforetheassemblyofchurchmen?AThathistheoryoftideswasincorrect.BThathewouldneverwriteagain.C"IabandonthefalseopinionwhichmaintainsthattheSunisthecenterandimmovable."DThatthegeocentricmodelwascorrect.第10题Accordingtothesixthchapter,inwhichyeardidthechurchofficiallydeclareGalileoinnocent?A1633B1642C1661D1992TestforChapter10第1题WhatwasthepurposeofBoyle’stripthroughEurope?()ATostudyastronomyandphysicsBTolearndifferentlanguagesandculturesCTocelebratehisgraduationfromschoolDTovisitfamousscientistsandscholars第2题WhatdidBoyledoinhissparehoursinFlorence?()AHereadbooksbyGalileoandlearnedItalianBHeconfutedGalileo’sparadoxesandwroteadecreeCHetaughtItaliantohisgovernorandreadhistoryDHestudiedthemodernhistoryandthenewparadoxes第3题WhatwasBoyle’sattitudetowardGalileo’shypothesisoftheearth’smotion?()AHewasdoubtfulandskepticalBHewassupportiveandpersuadedCHewasindifferentandneutralDHewascriticalandhostile第4题WhatisthemaindifferencebetweentheinstrumentsusedbytheancientsandtheonesusedbyGalileoandBoyle?()ATheformerweremoreaccurateandreliablethanthelatterBTheformerweremoredependedonthesensesthanthelatterCTheformerweremorebasedonobservationanddeductionthanthelatterDTheformerweremorevariedandadaptablethanthelatter第5题Whatisanelaboratory?()AAplacewhereelaborateinstrumentsandhelpsareusedforexperimentsBAplacewherenakedhandsandunderstandingaresufficientforexperimentsCAplacewhereraresecretsandservantsareinvolvedinexperimentsDAplacewherefamilyandmoneyarerequiredforexperiments第6题WhatcanbelearnedfromthepassageaboutBoyle’sexperimentalconditions?()AHefollowedtheBaconianexperimentalprogramBHebuiltanelaboratoryforhisexperimentsCHehadarichfarthertosupporthisexperimentsDHehadenoughmoneyandservantsforhisexperiments第7题Whatisanairpumpaccordingtothepassage?()AAdevicethatcreatesavacuumforexperimentsonairBAdevicethatmeasurestheweightoftheairanditseffectsCAdevicethatpumpsairintoachamberforexperimentsonanimalsDAdevicethatignitesgunpowderandcandlesintheabsenceofair第8题WhatistheanalogythatBoyleusedtoexplainthespringoftheair?()AWoolcompressedwithinaclosedfistBAirpushedintoasmallerareabyexternalpressureCWoolremainingcompressedwhenthefistisunclenchedDAirspontaneouslyexpandedordisplayeditself第9题WhatdidBoyleemphasizeinTheScepticalChymistaccordingtothepassage?()ATheimportanceofexperimentalproofbasedonpersonalknowledgeBThesuperiorityofchymicalexperimentsoverphysicalorastronomicalonesCThehabitofphilosophizingaboutthematerialworldonthebasisofchymicalexperimentsDThewarningtothereadernottobeforwardtobelievechymicalexperiments第10题WhatcouldgreatlyinfluencetheoutcomeofanexperimentaccordingtoBoyle?()AThenumberoftimestheexperimentisrepeated.BThevariationsinconditionsormaterialsusedintheexperiment.CThereliabilityofthesingleexperimentsthatsupportthetheory.DThecarefulnessofthepersonwhoconductstheexperiment.TestforChapter11第1题WhatwasthenewjobthatHookeacquiredin1662?()ALabassistantforBoyleBCuratorofexperimentsfortheRoyalSocietyCNaturalphilosopherfortheroyallyfavoredinstitutionDWriterofTheScepticalChymist第2题WhatwasthereasonforthegrowthoftheRoyalSocietyin1662?()AThepublicationofTheScepticalChymistBTheroyalfavorandsupportCTheappointmentofHookeasthecuratorofexperimentsDTheincreaseofnonscientificfellows第3题WhatwasoneofHooke’sresponsibilitiesasthecuratorofexperiments?()ATowriteaweeklyreportontheRoyalSociety’sactivitiesBToassisttheroyallyfavoredinstitutionwithfundingCTopresentandexplainvariousexperimentstotheRoyalSocietymembersDTotrainnewlabassistantsforBoyleandotherfellows第4题WhichofthefollowingfieldsdidHookeNOTexperimentorresearchin?()AAstronomyBGeographyCLinguisticsDBiologyEOpticsFChemistryGMeteorologyHPsychology第5题WhatdidHookeandBoylebelieveabouttheroleofinstruments