29　第一部分　主题三　主题群九　语境29　自然灾害与防范安全常识与自我保护

主题群九灾害防范语境29自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护对接教材人教版必修第一册Unit4Naturaldisasters外研版必修第三册Unit6Disasterandhope译林版必修第三册Unit2NaturaldisastersPart1必备知识*提示：活动一、活动二部分未掌握的可回顾《主题语境语基复习全案》查缺补漏Ⅰ．拓展词汇运用1．(译林版必修第三册Unit2)Itsashyrocks，nowdark，nowlight，toldastoryofpasteruptions(erupt)thatmighthavewarnedthecitywhatwastocome!2．Thisresultofsciencewasobviouslyveryserious—itrepresentedthedestruction(destroy)ofpeopleanditputourfutureatrisk．3．Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity，oneofthemostdeadly(dead)earthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun，aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing．4．(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit4)Naturaldisasters，thesuddenandpowerful(power)naturalforces，canleadtothedestructionofheritagesites．5．Perhapsthenextgenerationofscientists，drawingonthewisdom(wise)oftraditionalChinesemedicine，willindeeddiscovermoremedicinesbeneficialtoglobalhealthcare．6．(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit5)Withthesesevererestrictionstohercommunication，Helen'sbehaviourwasoftenunbearable(bearable)．7．Accordingtosomerecords，thelargestshipswereover140metresinlength(long)，demonstratingtheadvancedtechnologyandspecialskillsusedinconstructingships．Ⅱ．核心短语自查1．写作词块补全(1)keepyourphonecharged保持手机电量充足(2)seektimelyassistance及时寻求帮助(3)besweptawaybyhugewaves被巨浪卷走(4)destroythewholecityinseconds瞬间就摧毁整个城市(5)inurgentneedofcleanwater，medicineandshelter急需干净的水、药品和避难所(6)rushtothestrickenareainnotime立刻赶往受灾地区(7)throwoneselfintorescuework投身于救援工作(8)begintobreatheandreturntonormal开始恢复生机，回到正常状态(9)staypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture保持积极乐观，重建更美好的未来(10)starttoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet重获新生，开始恢复活力2．用适当的介词/副词填空(1)Rescueteamssetupclinicsintheopenairtotreattheinjuredaftertheflood．(2)Thevolunteerteamdistributedsuppliesasusual，eventhoughtheirownhomeshadbeendamaged．(3)Afterdaysofnon-stoprain，thefloodfinallycametoanend，buttherecoverywouldtakeyears．(4)Smokeroseinalldirectionsasthewildfirespreadintheforest，forcingevacuations．(5)Despitetheblockedroads，aidtrucksmadeittotheisolatedvillagesafter36hours．(6)Aftertheearthquake，theentirecitylayinruins，withcollapsedbuildingsblockingeverystreet．(7)Thegovernorassuredthepublicthatenoughemergencysupplieswereonhandtoaidtheaffectedareas．(8)Afterensuringallsurvivorswereevacuated，therescueteamfinallymovedontosearchthenextcollapsedbuilding．”3．根据汉语提示完成句子(1)Donationsfromaroundtheworldfloodedin(涌入)tosupporttheearthquakevictims．(2)Sheheldontohergrandmother'sphotoalbum(紧紧守住她奶奶的相册)，theonlythingshesavedfromthefire．(3)Therescuedogfinallylocatedthemissinghiker，whowasfoundsafeandsound(被发现安然无恙)．(4)Thetouristswereblownawayby(被……打动)thebreathtakingscenerywhentheywalkedaroundthelake．(5)Withsuppliesrunningout(物资匮乏)，theshelterhadtolimittheamountoffoodandwaterforthedisplacedfamilies．(6)Whentheearthquakeshookthebuilding，thenursekeptherhead(保持冷静)andguidedpatientstosafetyunderthedesk．(7)Everyschoolshouldcreateanemergencyplan(制定一项应急预案)thatincludesevacuationroutesandshelterlocations．(8)Toavoidwildfires，theforestservicehastakenpreventivemeasures(采取预防措施)likeclearingdrybrushandenforcingcampfirebans．Ⅲ．经典句式仿写1．我正在担心如何说服她接受我的建议，这时我突然想到了一个好主意。(bedoingwhen...)Iwasworryingabouthowtopersuadehertoacceptmyadvicewhenagoodideastruckme．2．有些人抱怨生活中的挑战，而另一些人则将其转化为变得更强大的机会。(while)Somepeoplecomplainaboutlife'schallenges，whileothersturnthemintoopportunitiestogrowstronger．3．David坚持跑，好像忘记了自己的弱点。(asif)Davidinsistedonrunningasifhehadforgottenhisweaknesses．4．她颤抖着双手打开信封，却发现里面只有一张空白的纸正冷冷地“回望”着她。(onlytodo)Sheopenedtheenvelopewithtremblinghands，onlytofindablanksheetofpaperstaringbackather．核心词汇多维练1．confirm练基础——单句语法快速填①Thebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindowswerered，gold，andorange，andtherewasfrostontheground，confirming(confirm)thatautumnhadarrivedinCanada．②Wehavereceivedyourbookingrequestandwillsendaconfirmation(confirm)emailwithin24hours．③IthasbeenconfirmedthatthesportsmeetingscheduledforTuesdaywaspostponed．练写作——先写后背会积累④(应用文写作之通知)当所有参会者通过邮件确认后，会议将按计划进行。Themeetingwillproceedasplannedwhenconfirmedbyallparticipantsviaemail．2．shock练基础——单句语法快速填①Itcameasagreatshocktothegirlwhenwordcamethatherclosefriendwaslostinthesevereearthquake．②Lookingatthehousewhichlayinruinsinshock，hecalled911immediatelytorescuethetrappedpeople．③(外研版必修第三册Unit2)Ashocked(shock)Wintonwatchedasthemajorityofpeoplerosetotheirfeet．练写作——先写后背会积累④(读后续写之人物描写)他震惊地发现他最好的朋友背叛了他，这导致了他们之间的冲突。Hewasshockedtodiscoverthathisbestfriendhadbetrayedhim，whichledtoaconflictbetweenthem．3．relief练基础——单句语法快速填①There'snothinglikeagoodnap，oralongnight'ssleeptorelieve(relief)tension．②Itisarelieftohear(hear)thathesurvivedtheaccidentandcamebacksafeandsound．练写作——先写后背会积累③(2025·全国一卷)让我宽慰的是，第二天他回了电话，我们约好尽快见面。Tomyrelief，hecalledbackthenextday，andweagreedtogettogethersoon．4．strike练基础——单句语法快速填①ItsuddenlystruckmethatIcouldwinthefirstplacebyforcingmyheadinsidethepumpkin．②Shefeltasharppainwhenshewasstruckonthelegbyaflyingballduringthesoccermatch．练写作——先写后背会积累③(应用文写作之活动报道)在整个活动过程中，我被世界上存在的各种各样的植物所震撼。Throughouttheevent，Iwasstruckwith/bytheincrediblevarietyofplantsthatexistinourworld．④当他走到车前发现找不到钥匙时，他突然想起自己把它们落在办公室了。Itstruck/occurredto/hithimthathehadleftthemintheofficewhenhereachedhiscarandrealizedhecouldn'tfindthekeys．5．inform练基础——单句语法快速填①It'snecessaryforustokeepthenewstaffinformed(inform)oftheprocedureoftakingoffice．②Afterthemeeting，themanagerwasinformedbyherassistantthatthecriticalinformationabouttheprojectdeadlinehadbeenoverlookedintheinitialreport．(inform)练写作——先写后背会积累③(应用文写作之道歉信)我很抱歉地告诉你，周末我不能和你外出了。I'msorrytoinformyouthatIwillfailtogooutwithyouthisweekend．④(应用文写作之人物介绍)作为一名消息灵通的记者，她总是在发表文章前核实信息来源。Asawell-informedjournalist，shealwaysverifieshersourcesbeforepublishinganarticle．6．affect练基础——单句语法快速填①People'slivesareoftenaffectedbyvariousfactors．Inrelationships，weshowaffection(affect)forthosewecareabout．②Ifeltsohelplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmylifewasaffected(affect)．练写作——先写后背会积累③(应用文写作之安慰信)得知你身患重病，不得不返回爱尔兰治疗，我感到非常遗憾。LearningthatyouareaffectedwithaseriousdiseaseandhavetoreturntoIrelandfortreatment，Iamterriblysorryaboutit．7．survive练基础——单句语法快速填①(北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit3)Ofcourse，aswehumansdependonsomanyspeciesforoursurvival(survive)，wewouldalsobeatriskofdyingout．②Mr．Greenwastheonlysurvivor(survive)intheearthquake．Hetoldushesurvivedonabottleofwater．练写作——先写后背会积累③丈夫去世后，她过着平静的生活，比丈夫多活了五年。Afterherhusbandpassedaway，shelivedaquietlifeandsurvivedherhusbandby5years．④(应用文写作之演讲稿)没有海洋，任何生物都无法生存，包括人类。Withouttheoceans，nolivingthingswouldsurvive，humansincluded．8．lookthrough练基础——用look短语的正确形式填空①Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingintohiseyesdirectlysohedoesn'tfeelchallenged．②Whilelookingthroughonethicktraveldiary，hestoppedatapagewrittenabouthisfirstoverseasjourneytotheGrandPalaceinThailand．③Iliketolookbackonmyhighschooldays，whichwerethehappiestinmylife．④MrSmithhastaughtformanyyears，andallthestudentslookuptohim．练写作——先写后背会积累⑤(读后续写之情绪描写)她把它们紧紧地抱在胸前，最后抬起头来，泪流满面地微笑着。Shehuggedthemtoherchest，andatlastshelookedupwithtearfuleyesandasmile．障碍词汇综合练Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及词义)1．Thesuddenfloodtrappedthehikersonanarrowdangerouspath，turningtheirscenichikeintoadeadlytrapwithnoescaperoute．①v．使落入险境②n．陷阱2．Afterthestormsweptthroughthetown，volunteersgavethestreetaquicksweep．Thenewsofthedisastersweptacrosssocialmedialikewildfire．Bydawn，therescueteamarrived，liftingthecommunity'sspiritsastheysweptawaythegloomtogether．①v．席卷②n．打扫③v．迅速传播④v．拂去，驱散3．Theforestinspector，whomustbeartheresponsibilityforwildlifesafety，spottedamotherpolarbearheavilybearingherbabiesacrosstheriver．Thoughthecurrentwasstrong，shecouldbearthepainofstrugglingthroughit，knowinghereffortswouldbearfruitwhenherbabiesgrewstrong．①v．承担②n．熊③v．携带④v．忍受⑤v．(树，植物)结(果实)；奏效(指努力有回报)4．Asuddenflashoflightningstrucktheoldtower，causingittocollapseasthestormstruckthetown．Thoughthescenewassoterrible，whatstrucklocalswasthatalltheresidentshaveunitedasonetofacethisnaturaldisaster．①v．击中②v．袭击③v．打动Ⅱ．语言运用练(文中加黑词汇为主题词汇)(2025·四川成都二模)IgrewupinPacificPalisades，oneoftheLosAngelesneighborhoodsburneddownbythewildfires．Asasmalltown，itwasa1placesinceeveryonegotonwell．Buttoday，ithasbeen2themap．NowI'mstandingonastreetwheremyfavoriterestaurant，CafeVida，oncestood．Itis3．Closingmyeyes，Icouldlistdozensofplacesthatare4ofmychildhoodandarenolongerhere．Fireswereapartofmychildhoodandtherewasalwaysthe5ofthem．ButneverhadI6thattherewouldbesucha(n)7．Andyet，thatiswhat8happened．WhileIam9thewildfires，myfriendsaretexting，askingmeto10iftheirhomesarestillstanding．Asajournalist，nomatterwhateventsI'mreporting，Iloveconnectingwithotherpeople．Thisway，Ifeelsomething11aboutbeinghere，inaplaceIknowsowell，usingthetoolsthatI'velearnedonthisjobtohelp12thisstory．Butitisalsoveryemotional，becauseyoudon'ttruly13thetowninthemoment．Inaway，doingthisjobispartofmy14experienceforthePalisades．Thisisaboutpeoplerightnow．Everythingisgone，butwe'restillhereandwestillhaveeachother，andthat'swhat15isgoingtobeallabout．【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆了被野火烧毁的家乡，表达了对童年记忆的怀念和对灾难的感慨，同时强调了人们团结前行的意义。1．A．popular B．specialC．suitable D．lovelyD[考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“sinceeveryonegotonwell”可知，人们相处融洽，说明小镇氛围和谐美好，是个可爱的地方。故选D项。]2．A．hiddenfrom B．stucktoC．wipedoff D．addedtoC[考查动词短语辨析。前文提到“IgrewupinPacificPalisades，oneoftheLosAngelesneighborhoodsburneddownbythewildfires．”，小镇被野火摧毁，意味着它在现实中已面目全非，如同从地图上被抹去。故选C项。]3．A．old B．goneC．strange D．livelyB[考查形容词词义辨析。由前文“NowI'mstandingonastreetwheremyfavoriterestaurant，CafeVida，oncestood．”可知，作者站在曾经餐厅所在的街道，说明餐厅现在已不存在，消失了。故选B项。]4．A．memories B．dreamsC．pities D．remainsA[考查名词词义辨析。前文描述作者对小镇曾经场景的怀念，结合“mychildhood”可知，这些地方是作者童年生活的一部分，代表着童年回忆。故选A项。]5．A．disappointment B．fearC．delight D．reliefB[考查名词词义辨析。因为“Fireswereapartofmychildhood”且野火具有破坏性，会带来损失，所以人们自然会对火灾感到恐惧。故选B项。]6．A．remembered B．imaginedC．admitted D．remindedB[考查动词词义辨析。后文描述了野火造成小镇被烧毁的严重后果，这种程度的灾难是作者之前没有预想和想象到的。故选B项。]7．A．encounter B．campaignC．accident D．disasterD[考查名词词义辨析。结合前文提到小镇被野火“burneddown”，可知，这是一场严重的灾难。故选D项。]8．A．exactly B．eventuallyC．suddenly D．usuallyA[考查副词词义辨析。根据前文“IgrewupinPacificPalisades，oneoftheLosAngelesneighborhoodsburneddownbythewildfires．”可知，灾难是确切地发生了。故选A项。]9．A．investigating B．fightingC．covering D．watchingC[考查动词词义辨析。后文“Asajournalist”表明作者的职业，记者的工作就是对事件进行报道，所以这里是在报道野火事件。故选C项。]10．A．check B．guessC．determine D．tellA[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“iftheirhomesarestillstanding”可知，朋友们想知道自己家的情况，所以让身处现场报道的作者去查看。故选A项。]11．A．beautiful B．hopefulC．frightening D．annoyingA[考查形容词词义辨析。作者利用自己的职业技能，在熟悉的家乡为大家分享故事，这种行为和情感体验让作者觉得美好。故选A项。]12．A．witness B．shareC．make D．changeB[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“Asajournalist，nomatterwhateventsI'mreporting”可知，作者作为记者，其职责就是将野火事件的情况通过自己的报道分享给大家。故选B项。]13．A．understand B．protectC．record D．accessD[考查动词词义辨析。前文描述作者在报道时既有工作的理性又有对家乡的情感，说明此时作者还没有完全进入面对家乡灾难那种感同身受的状态。故选D项。]14．A．worrying B．awkwardC．painful D．boringC[考查形容词词义辨析。前文提到家乡被野火摧毁，作者对那些熟悉地方的消失感到痛心，所以这是一段痛苦的经历。故选C项。]15．A．givingin B．sittingbackC．holdingon D．movingforwardD[考查动词短语辨析。根据前文“Everythingisgone，butwe'restillhereandwestillhaveeachother”可知，虽然遭受灾难，但人们要振作起来，携手向前，继续生活。故选D项。]Ⅲ．构词法专练后缀-ant；-ist；-ician；-ee表示“……的人”[构词示例]本语境：special(专门的)＋-ist(从事某种职业或活动的人)→specialistn．专家、专科医生[牛刀小试]从[构词示例]中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。1．Mylittlebrotherislearningtoplaytheguitarbecausehedreamsofbecominga(n)musicianoneday．2．Eachintervieweewasaskedtotalkabouttheirbiggeststrengthsandweaknessesduringtheinterview．3．Weneedtwomoreassistantstoorganizetheschoolcharitysale，whichwillbeheldnextweek．4．WeneedtoconsultalanguagespecialisttofindoutthebestwaytoimproveourspokenEnglish．Part2关键能力通过学习“自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护”，我们要提高安全意识，时刻关注周围环境中的潜在风险。这一类阅读多半容易出现在阅读理解B篇，讲述灾难面前凸显的社会温情或者人物品质，或者出现在阅读理解C、D篇，对自然灾害相关内容进行介绍或者一些预防和应对措施，如2024·浙江1月卷。(2024·浙江1月卷)OnSeptember7，1991，thecostliesthailstorm(雹暴)inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary'ssouthernsuburbs．Asaresult，since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2millionperyearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject．Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones．Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding．NormanStienwand，whofarmsinthatarea，hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissueforyears．“Basically，theprovincialgovernmentislettingtheinsurancecompaniesprotecttheCalgary-Edmontonurbanareafromhail，”Mr．Stienwandsays，“butthey'reincreasingdroughtriskasfareastasSaskatchewan．”TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss，acloudphysicistwhoworksforWeatherModificationInc．ofFargo，NorthDakota．“Weaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthetotalmoistureintheair，sowecannotbecausingdrought，”Dr．Krausssays．“Infact，wemaybehelpingincreasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetterground．”OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell，aresearchscientistwhojustretiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma．“In1999，Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龙卷风)formfromaseededstormcellinKansas，”Dr．Doswellsays．“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreducemoisturedownwind？Noonereallyknows，ofcourse，buttheseedinggoeson．”Giventhedegreeofdoubt，Mr．Stienwandsuggests，“itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding．”Inpractice，doubthashadtheoppositeeffect．Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheirimpacts，noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies．Hence，privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大艾伯塔地区的防雹干预计划，以及不同相关方对该计划的不同态度。1．Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?A．Conservemoistureinthesoil．B．Preventtheformationofhailstones．C．Forecastdisastroushailstorms．D．Investigatechemicaluseinfarming．B[细节理解题。题干中的“theproject”指的就是第一段中所提到的“AlbertaHailSuppressionProject”，因此根据第一段中的“Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones．”可知，飞机通过向有威胁性的风暴体播撒一种化学物质，使得小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前先变成雨落下。由此可知，这一计划旨在防止冰雹的形成，故选B项。]2．Whoareopposedtotheproject?A．Farmersineast-centralAlberta．B．Managersofinsurancecompanies．C．Provincialgovernmentofficials．D．ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton．A[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta...worrythatpreciousmoistureisbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding．”可知，Alberta中东部的农民担心播云会带走他们干旱土地中的宝贵水分。由此可知，这些农民是反对这个计划的，故选A项。]3．WhydoesDr．Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?A．Tocomparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods．B．Toillustratethedevelopmentofbighailstorms．C．Toindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeding．D．Toshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture．C[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell”可知，Doswell博士对播云的安全性持怀疑态度。接着他提到1999年亲眼看见的由一个已经被播撒了化学物质的风暴单体形成的重大龙卷风。随后他又提出疑问“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreducemoisturedownwind？”，怀疑播云会产生致命的风暴或是减少下风向地区的水分。由此可推断出，Doswell博士提到他看到的1999年的龙卷风是为了表明播云存在可能的风险，故选C项。]4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright．B．PrivateclimateengineeringisillegalinCanada．C．Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared．D．Cloud-seedingcompanieswillcontinuetoexist．D[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Hence，privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety．”可知，私营的气候工程公司可以在相对合法的安全环境中继续进行下去，也就是这些公司会继续存在下去，故选D项。]一、理文脉——掌握文章大意冰雹抑制项目Part1(Paras．1－2)介绍了加拿大阿尔伯塔省的防雹项目背景，包括项目的起因、项目的实施以及农民对项目的担忧Part2(Paras．3－4)讲述了防雹项目管理者对农民担忧的回应Part3(Para．5)提出了对人工降雨技术安全性的质疑，并指出尽管存在质疑，但由于缺乏科学证据，没有人成功地对这一类公司提起诉讼，因此私人气候工程在法律上相对安全地继续进行二、拓词汇——积累语基语料1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义)①(熟词生义)Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding． adj．缺水的②(熟词生义)NormanStienwand，whofarmsinthatarea，hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissueforyears．v．耕种v．在公开会议上发言/讨论(某一问题)③(一词多义)In1999，Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龙卷风)formfromaseededstormcellinKansas． adj．相当大的2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思)①agroupofinsurancecompanies一群保险公司②havetheoppositeeffect有相反的效果③giventhedegreeofdoubt考虑到怀疑的程度④duetothelackofscientificproof由于缺乏科学证据⑤succeedinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies成功地打赢了一场针对人工降雨公司的官司三、析难句——打破阅读障碍1．Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones．[分析]句中含有一个before引导的时间状语从句，主句部分的谓语动词是seed，句中tomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrain为不定式作目的状语。[翻译]飞机向有威胁的风暴单体播撒化学物质，使小冰晶在形成危险冰雹前以降雨形式落下。2．TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss，acloudphysicistwhoworksforWeatherModificationInc．ofFargo，NorthDakota．[分析]句子的主句是一个被动语态，by后接动作的执行者TerryKrauss，acloudphysicist是同位语，同位语后含有who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词physicist。[翻译]阿尔伯塔防雹项目由北达科他州法戈市人工影响天气公司的云物理学家特里·克劳斯管理。学习“自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护”语境，考生需要学习并掌握基本的安全知识和自我保护技能，及时消除安全隐患，在紧急情况下保持冷静，迅速采取正确的应对措施。反应在写作中体现自我保护意识、出行安全意识以及在灾难面前人物关系的凸显和人的品质的升华。应用文写作邀请信、通知和报道等读后续写最有可能考自然灾害背景下的故事，体现社会温情或者人物性格(2025·江西萍乡一模)假定你是李华，上周日你参加了你校组织的防火知识宣传志愿者活动。请你给外教Mr．Smith写封邮件，分享此次活动，内容包括：1．活动时间、地点；2．活动形式、内容；3．你的感受。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考词块1．分享我作为志愿者的经历sharemyexperienceasavolunteer2．分发关于防火的宣传手册distributebrochuresconcerningfireprevention3．表演小品performaskit4．加强相关安全知识enhancerelevantsafetyknowledge5．有助于社区的幸福contributetothewell-beingofthecommunity

实用句式1．我写这封信是想和大家分享一下上周日参加学校组织的防火知识宣传志愿活动的经历。(过去分词作后置定语)I'mwritingtosharemyexperienceasavolunteerinthefirepreventionknowledgepromotionactivityorganizedbyourschoollastSunday．2．活动在我们学校附近的社区里进行，我们都积极参加。(takeplace)Theactivitytookplaceinthecommunitynearourschoolandwetookanactivepart．3．我们分发了有关防火的宣传手册，播放了消防安全短片，并解答了人们的问题。(distribute)Wedistributedbrochuresconcerningfireprevention，showedshortvideosonfiresafety，andansweredpeople'squestions．4．一些学生甚至表演了小品，生动展示了如何应对火灾。(demonstrate)Somestudentsevenperformedaskittovividlydemonstratehowtodealwithafire．5．这次活动不仅增强了我的相关安全知识，也让我能够为社区幸福贡献一份力量。(enhance，notonly句首倒装)Notonlydiditenhancemyrelevantsafetyknowledgebutitalsoallowedmetocontributetothewell-beingofthecommunity．

下笔成文________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearMr．Smith，I'mwritingtosharemyexperienceasavolunteerinthefirepreventionknowledgepromotionactivityorganizedbyourschoollastSunday．Theactivitytookplaceinthecommunitynearourschoolandwetookanactivepart．Wedistributedbrochuresconcerningfireprevention，showedshortvideosonfiresafety，andansweredpeople'squestions．Somestudentsevenperformedaskittovividlydemonstratehowtodealwithafire．Ifeltreallyproudtobepartofthisactivity．Notonlydiditenhancemyrelevantsafetyknowledgebutitalsoallowedmetocontributetothewell-beingofthecommunity．Bestregards，LiHua阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2025·福建厦门二模)Thismorning，IaskedMomtotakemetothepool．ButsheremindedmeI'dwatchkidsforherasshegotajobinterviewattheradiostation．Still，Iasked，“Couldn'tJuliewatchtheminstead？”“Shecanhelp，Jess，butshe'sonlyten．I'llfeelbetterwithafifteen-year-oldincharge，honey．”Momgavemeahugandoffshewent．SothereIwas，stuckwatchingmyfive-year-oldsisterLyssaandthree-year-oldbrotherDougie．Iusuallydon'tmindwatchingthekids，buttheproblemwasourlittlerentedtrailerhouse(拖车房屋)．It'slikelivinginabarbecuecookeronhotdays．Well，asissaid，“Whatis，is，”andIdecidedtomakethebestofit．WemovedoutintothefrontyardandIfilledapaddlingpoolforthekids．Inoticedthattheskylookedalittlestrange—greenish-yellow，withgraycloudsrisingformiles—butIdidn'tthinkanythingofit．Askidsjumpedinthepool，Isettleddowntoreadmymagazine．Iputonheadphonesandturnedthevolumeuploudenoughtoblockouttheirnoise．BeforelongIgotlostinacoolstory．IwasalmostattheendwhenJuliecameovertome，droppingwateronmyarticle．Itookmyheadphonesoff，“Hey，what'swrongwithyou?”Shepointedupwards．That'swhenIsawtheskyandaboutfelloffmychair．Notonlyhadthecloudsmovedtowardus，theywereswirling(打旋)．Ihadn'trealizedhowmuchthewindhadpickedup．Ahuge，gray-blackfunnel(漏斗)snakeddownfromtheskytotheground—areal，livetornado!Anditheadedourwayatahighspeed!ThoughIhadlearnedabouttornadosafety，atthatmoment，theonlythingIcouldrememberwasthatatornadodevelopsfastandthattrailerhousesaretheworstplacetotakeshelter．Itriedhardtorememberothersafetytips．Getlow．Yeah．Ifyou'recaughtoutside，findthelowestspot．Scanningaround，myeyestoppedonalineofbushes．注意：续写词数应为150个左右。Therewasaditch(沟渠)thereforshelter，ahundredyardsoff．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Butinacoupleofminutes，thetornadowasover．______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

续写步骤Step1：读懂大意，厘清脉络·圈出文中出现的人物(who)：I，Mom，Julie，Lyssa，Dougie·找出情节线索(what/why/how...)：作者发现一百码开外的一条沟渠可以让他们躲避龙卷风→他们挣扎着到达了沟渠→作者用身体护住了弟弟妹妹→心中祈祷着龙卷风赶紧过去→幸运的是，几分钟后，龙卷风过去了→他们环顾四周，看到了一片废墟→作者觉得自己和弟弟妹妹们非常幸运，同时也为自己感到自豪·分析人物的情感变化：被安排照看弟弟妹妹时，不情愿与无奈→沉浸在杂志内容中时，放松→被朱莉提醒并看到龙卷风逼近的瞬间，震惊与恐慌→迅速回忆起龙卷风避险知识，冷静与果断Step2：细读首句，构思情节Para．1：由第一段首句内容“那里有一条沟渠可以躲避，距离我们一百码远。”以及第二段首句内容“但几分钟后，龙卷风过去了。”可知，第一段可描写作者带着弟弟妹妹们跑到了沟渠，紧紧挤在了一起。Para．2：由第二段首句内容“但几分钟后，龙卷风过去了。”可知，第二段可描写龙卷风过去了，看着周围的废墟，作者感到自己和弟弟妹妹们非常幸运。Step3：增加细节，开始写作·Iquicklygatheredthekids，yelling，“Runtotheditch!Asfastasyoucan！”我迅速召集孩子们，喊道：“快往沟里跑！能多快就多快！”·Weranwithallourmight，withtheforceofthewindpushingagainstus，makingeachstepastruggle．我们拼尽全力奔跑，狂风迎面扑来，每迈出一步都异常艰难。·Islowlyliftedmyheadandlookedaround．Theworldseemedabitsurreal．我缓缓抬起头，环顾四周。眼前的世界显得有些不真实。Step4：修改润色，工整誊写Therewasaditch(沟渠)thereforshelter，ahundredyardsoff．_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Butinacoupleofminutes，thetornadowasover．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Therewasaditch(沟渠)thereforshelter，ahundredyardsoff．Iquicklygatheredthekids，yelling，“Runtotheditch!Asfastasyoucan！”Thewindhowled，anddebrisfleweverywhere．JulieheldDougie'shandtightly，andIgrabbedLyssa．Weranwithallourmight，withtheforceofthewindpushingagainstus，makingeachstepastruggle．Whenwereachedtheditch，wehuddledtogether．Icoveredthekidswithmybody，prayingthetornadowouldpass．Thenoisewasdeafening，likeathousandtrainsroaring．Icouldfeelthegroundshakingbeneathus．Butinacoupleofminutes，thetornadowasover．Thehowlingwindgraduallydieddown，andthedebrisstoppedflying．Islowlyliftedmyheadandlookedaround．Theworldseemedabitsurreal．Treeswereuprooted，andpartsofthetrailerwerescattered．Weclimbedoutoftheditch，thekidsshakenbutunhurt．Ifeltahugesenseofreliefwashingoverme．Aswemadeourwaybacktothedamagedtrailer，Iknewwewereluckytobealive．AndIwasreallyproudofusforhandlingtheterrifyingsituationsobravely．题型组合练(二十九)(建议用时：45分钟总分：50分)Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)A(2025·山东枣庄二模)Asclimatechangecontinuestobeacontributingfactortothefrequencyandintensityofdisasterevents，timelyandeffectivepreparednesscansavelivesandprotectproperty．ButaccordingtoarecentstudyattheUniversityofMichigan，nearlyhalfoftheyoungpeoplesurveyedondisasterpreparednessshowedtheylackreadinessforanytypeofdisastereventduringaperiodwhenclimate-relateddisastersarebecomingincreasinglyfrequent．Surveying1，083individualsaged14to24throughtextmessaging，theUniversity'sMyVoiceprojectbroughttotheforefronttheattitudesyoungpeopleholdregardingdisasterpreparedness．Ofthosesurveyed，47%oftheyoungpeopledisclosedhavingnoreadinessplanningforpotentialdisasters，withfinancesandlackofresourcesbeingcitedasprimaryreasonsfortheirlackofreadiness．“Whilerespondentsfelttherewereactionstheycouldtakenowtoprepareforafuturedisaster，somewereunsureofthemosteffectivereadinessapproachestheyandtheircommunitiescouldtake，”saidKatherineKruger，leadauthorandaPh．D．studentattheU-MSchoolofNursing．“Youtharesignificantstakeholdersindevelopingstrategiestobereadyfordisasterandtheirinsightscanleadtopolicydevelopmentthatallowsyouthtoprioritizetheeffectivereadinessstrategiestoreducethepotentiallydestructiveimpactsandpromoteindividualandcommunityresilience，”Krugeradded．Inclusionofyoungindividualsinreadinessplanningiscrucial．Theyprovideuniqueperspectives