人教版高中英语第2章写作技巧练习题及答案

人教版高中英语第2章写作技巧练习题及答案第1页共1页人教版高中英语第2章写作技巧练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Whenwritingaformalproposal,whichofthefollowingismostimportanttoinclude?A.PersonalanecdotesandemotionalappealsB.Clear,conciselanguageandawell-structuredargumentC.HumorousreferencestopopularcultureD.Detaileddescriptionsoftheauthor'spersonalexperiences参考答案：B2.Thekeyelementofawell-writtenpersuasiveessayis?A.UsingcomplexvocabularytoimpressthereaderB.PresentingmultiplesidesoftheargumentC.Astrongthesisstatementthatclearlystatestheauthor'spositionD.Includingstatisticsandfactstosupporttheargument参考答案：C3.Toenhancetheclarityofyourwriting,whichofthefollowingtechniquesismosteffective?A.UsingpassivevoicetosoundmoreprofessionalB.StartingeachparagraphwithatransitionwordC.IncludingasmanyadjectivesaspossibleD.Writinginastream-of-consciousnessstyle参考答案：B4.Whenorganizingadescriptiveessay,whichofthefollowingmethodsismostcommonlyused?A.Describingthesettingfirst,thenthecharactersB.StartingwithastrongopeningsentenceandthenmovingtodetailsC.ListingthedetailsinalphabeticalorderD.Describingthecharactersfirst,thenthesetting参考答案：B5.Thepresentperfecttenseisoftenusedinwhichtypeofessay?A.NarrativeessaystodescribeeventsthathappenedinthepastB.Descriptiveessaystodescribeaperson'sphysicalappearanceC.PersuasiveessaystoshowtheresultsofanactionD.Expositoryessaystodescribehowsomethingworks参考答案：C6.Astrongthesisstatementcan?A.BevagueandopentointerpretationB.BewritteninthesecondpersonC.ClearlystatethemainargumentoftheessayD.Beaslongaspossibletoshowtheauthor'sknowledge参考答案：C7.Theuseofactivevoicecanmakewriting?A.MoreformalandacademicB.MoreconciseanddirectC.MorecomplexanddifficulttounderstandD.Moresuitableforanarrativeessay参考答案：B8.Inaformalproposal,itisnecessaryto?A.UsehumortoengagethereaderB.IncludeadetailedbudgetC.AvoidusinganytechnicaltermsD.Writeinthefirstperson参考答案：B9.Themainpurposeofaconclusioninanessayisto?A.IntroducenewevidenceandargumentsB.RestatethethesisinadifferentwayC.ProvideasummaryofthemainpointsD.Giveapersonalreflectiononthetopic参考答案：C10.Wheneditingadraft,whichofthefollowingismostimportanttocheck?A.ThegrammarandpunctuationB.ThelengthoftheessayC.ThenumberofquotesusedD.Theformattingofthepaper参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Awell-organizedessayshouldhaveaclearstructurewithanintroduction,bodyparagraphs,andaconclusion.参考答案：Awell-organizedessayshouldhaveaclearstructurewithanintroduction,bodyparagraphs,andaconclusion.2.Whenwritingaformalessay,itisimportanttousepreciselanguageandavoidcontractions.参考答案：Whenwritingaformalessay,itisimportanttousepreciselanguageandavoidcontractions.3.Inordertowriteaneffectivepersuasiveessay,youshouldprovidestrongevidencetosupportyourarguments.参考答案：Inordertowriteaneffectivepersuasiveessay,youshouldprovidestrongevidencetosupportyourarguments.4.Agoodnarrativeessayshouldengagethereaderwithvividdescriptionsandacompellingplot.参考答案：Agoodnarrativeessayshouldengagethereaderwithvividdescriptionsandacompellingplot.5.Transitionwordsareessentialinwritingtoensuresmoothflowbetweensentencesandparagraphs.参考答案：Transitionwordsareessentialinwritingtoensuresmoothflowbetweensentencesandparagraphs.6.Whencomparingtwoobjects,itishelpfultousetransitionwordssuchas"however"and"ontheotherhand"tohighlightdifferences.参考答案：Whencomparingtwoobjects,itishelpfultousetransitionwordssuchas"however"and"ontheotherhand"tohighlightdifferences.7.Indescriptivewriting,sensorydetailshelptocreateavividpictureinthereader'smind.参考答案：Indescriptivewriting,sensorydetailshelptocreateavividpictureinthereader'smind.8.Whenwritingaformalproposal,itisimportanttoclearlystatetheproblem,solution,andimplementationplan.参考答案：Whenwritingaformalproposal,itisimportanttoclearlystatetheproblem,solution,andimplementationplan.9.Astrongthesisstatementshouldbespecific,debatable,andprovideacleardirectionfortheessay.参考答案：Astrongthesisstatementshouldbespecific,debatable,andprovideacleardirectionfortheessay.10.Wheneditingadraft,itiscrucialtocheckforgrammaticalerrorsandimprovesentencestructureforbetterreadability.参考答案：Wheneditingadraft,itiscrucialtocheckforgrammaticalerrorsandimprovesentencestructureforbetterreadability.三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Effectiveuseofheadingsandsubheadingscansignificantlyenhancetheclarityandorganizationofanessay.参考答案：√2.Thethesisstatementshouldalwaysbeplacedattheverybeginningoftheintroductionparagraph.参考答案：×3.Whencomparingtwoobjects,itisimportanttoconsidernotonlytheirsizebutalsotheirweightandmaterialcomposition.参考答案：√4.Indescriptivewriting,sensorydetailsareessentialforcreatingavividandengagingpictureinthereader'smind.参考答案：√5.Agoodnarrativeessayshouldalwayshaveaclearbeginning,middle,andend,withalogicalsequenceofevents.参考答案：×6.Transitionwordsareessentialforsmoothandcoherentwriting,butoverusingthemcanmakethetextseemrepetitive.参考答案：√7.Propergrammarandpunctuationarecrucialforeffectivecommunication,astheyhelpconveytheintendedmeaningaccurately.参考答案：√8.Acompanyisplanningtobuildanewfactory,andthelocationwillbechosenbasedonfactorssuchaslaborcostsandproximitytosuppliers.参考答案：√9.Afarmerisgrowingtwotypesofcropsinadjacentfieldstomaximizetheuseofavailableresourcesandminimizepestproblems.参考答案：√10.Afactoryproducestwotypesofproducts,andtheproductionscheduleisdesignedtooptimizetheuseofmachineryandlabor.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.Whatarethethreemainpartsofaformalletter?参考答案：Thethreemainpartsofaformalletterarethesalutation,body,andclosing.2.Howcanyoustartadescriptiveessayaboutamemorablejourney?参考答案：Tostartadescriptiveessayaboutamemorablejourney,youcanbeginwithanengagingopeningsentencethatsetsthescene,introducethejourneywithabriefoverview,andthentransitiontothemainbodywhereyoudescribethekeyexperiencesandemotions.3.Describetheuseoftransitionwordsinanargumentativeessay.参考答案：Transitionwordsareusedtoconnectideasandparagraphssmoothly,showingrelationshipssuchasaddition,contrast,causeandeffect,andconclusion.Theyhelptoguidethereaderthroughtheargumentandmaketheessaymorecoherent.4.Whatshouldyouconsiderwhenwritingaproposalforaschoolproject?参考答案：Whenwritingaproposalforaschoolproject,youshouldconsiderthepurposeoftheproject,thetargetaudience,theresourcesneeded,thetimeline,andtheexpectedoutcomes.Clearlyoutlinethestepsandjustifywhytheprojectisimportantandbeneficial.5.Explainhowtostructureacompare-and-contrastessay.参考答案：Acompare-and-contrastessayshouldhaveanintroductionthatpresentsthesubjectsbeingcompared,abodywithparagraphsthatdiscusssimilaritiesanddifferences,andaconclusionthatsummarizesthemainpointsandoffersafinalthought.6.Howcanyoueffectivelyconcludeanarrativestory?参考答案：Toeffectivelyconcludeanarrativestory,youcansummarizethemainevents,reflectonthelessonslearned,andprovideafinalthoughtormoralthatresonateswiththereader.Endingwithamemorablequoteorimagecanalsobeeffective.7.Whatarethekeyelementstoincludeinajobapplicationletter?参考答案：Ajobapplicationlettershouldincludeyourcontactinformation,asalutation,abriefintroductionofyourself,astatementofpurpose,detailsofyourqualificationsandexperience,andaclosingwithacalltoaction.Tailorthelettertothespecificjobandcompany.8.Describethepurposeofusingvisualsinapresentation.参考答案：Usingvisualsinapresentationhelpstoillustratepoints,engagetheaudience,andmakecomplexinformationmoreunderstandable.Effectivevisualsincludecharts,graphs,images,andvideosthatcomplementthespokencontentandenhancetheoverallmessage.五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）（请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写最后结果不得分）1.Acompanyisplanningtobuildanewfactory.Theyhavetwooptions:OptionAisonaflatterrainwithaconstructioncostof500persquaremeter,andOptionBisonahillwithaconstructioncostof700persquaremeter.Thefactoryneedstobeatleast10,000squaremetersinsize.Ifthecompanyhasabudgetof7,000,000,whichoptioncantheyafford,andhowmuchareacantheybuild?A.OptionA,14,000squaremetersB.OptionB,10,000squaremetersC.OptionA,10,000squaremetersD.OptionB,12,000squaremeters参考答案：B2.Afarmerisgrowingtwotypesofcrops:wheatandcorn.Wheatyields3tonsperhectare,andcornyields5tonsperhectare.Thefarmerhas200hectaresoflandavailable.Ifthefarmerwantstoproduceatleast600tonsofwheatand500tonsofcorn,howmanyhectaresshouldheallocatetoeachcrop?A.100hectaresofwheat,100hectaresofcornB.150hectaresofwheat,50hectaresofcornC.50hectaresofwheat,150hectaresofcornD.200hectaresofwheat,0hectaresofcorn参考答案：B3.Asportsteamistrainingforamarathon.Theywanttoimprovetheirendurancebyrunninglongdistances.Theteamdecidestorunatotalof100kilometersoverthecourseof5days.Iftheywanttorunanequaldistanceeachday,howmanykilometersshouldtheyrunperday?A.10kilometersB.15kilometersC.20kilometersD.25kilometers参考答案：C4.Aconstructioncompanyisbuildingabridge.Thebridgehasalengthof500metersandawidthof20meters.Theyneedtolayconcreteslabsonthebridge.Ifthethicknessoftheslabsis0.5meters,howmuchconcretedotheyneed?A.25,000cubicmetersB.50,000cubicmetersC.100,000cubicmetersD.200,000cubicmeters参考答案：A5.Afactoryisproducingtwotypesofproducts:chairsandtables.Chairscost50toproduce,andtablescost100toproduce.Thefactoryhasabudgetof20,000perweek.Iftheywanttoproduceatleast100chairsand50tablesperweek,howmanychairsandtablescantheyproduce?A.100chairs,50tablesB.150chairs,25tablesC.200chairs,0tablesD.50chairs,100tables参考答案：A6.Acompanyisplanningtoexpanditsproductioncapacity.Theyhavetwooptions:OptionAistobuynewmachineryfor1,000,000,whichwillincreaseproductionby20%.OptionBistohiremoreworkersfor500,000,whichwillincreaseproductionby10%.Ifthecompany'scurrentproductionis1,000unitspermonth,whichoptionwillresultinhigherproduction,andhowmanymoreunitswillbeproduced?A.OptionA,200moreunitsB.OptionB,100moreunitsC.OptionA,100moreunitsD.OptionB,200moreunits参考答案：A7.Afarmerisgrowingtwotypesofcrops:applesandoranges.Applesyield10tonsperhectare,andorangesyield8tonsperhectare.Thefarmerhas150hectaresoflandavailable.Ifthefarmerwantstoproduceatleast1,200tonsofapplesand1,000tonsoforanges,howmanyhectaresshouldheallocatetoeachcrop?A.100hectaresofapples,50hectaresoforangesB.50hectaresofapples,100hectaresoforangesC.75hectaresofapples,75hectaresoforangesD.125hectaresofapples,25hectaresoforanges参考答案：B8.Asportsteamistrainingforatriathlon.Theywanttoimprovetheirperformanceinswimming,cycling,andrunning.Theteamdecidestotrainforatotalof20hoursoverthecourseof4days.Iftheywanttotrainanequalamountoftimeeachday,howmanyhoursshouldtheytrainperday?A.2hoursB.4hoursC.5hoursD.6hours参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“正式提案写作技巧”。正式提案需要清晰、简洁的语言和结构合理的论证，因此选项B正确。选项A的个人轶事和情感诉求不适用于正式提案；选项C的流行文化幽默不专业；选项D的个人经历不是重点。2.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“议论文写作技巧”。议论文的关键要素是明确表达作者立场的强有力论点，因此选项C正确。选项A的复杂词汇可能适得其反；选项B的多角度论述是好的，但不是最关键的；选项D的统计数据是辅助，不是核心。3.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“写作清晰度技巧”。使用过渡词可以使文章更清晰，因此选项B正确。选项A的被动语态可能使文章显得不专业；选项C的过多形容词可能使文章冗长；选项D的意识流风格不适合清晰表达。4.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“描述性文章组织技巧”。从强有力的开头句开始，然后逐步展开细节是常见的组织方法，因此选项B正确。选项A和选项C的顺序不常见；选项D的顺序不合适。5.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“现在完成时态使用场景”。现在完成时态常用于描述过去的动作对现在的影响，因此选项C正确。选项A的过去时态更合适；选项B的描述性文章通常用一般过去时；选项D的说明性文章通常用一般现在时。6.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“论点陈述技巧”。强有力的论点陈述需要明确表达主要论点，因此选项C正确。选项A的模糊性不合适；选项B的第二人称不正式；选项D的长度不是关键。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“主动语态使用效果”。主动语态使文章更简洁直接，因此选项B正确。选项A的正式语态可能不合适；选项C的复杂性不是优点；选项D的叙事性文章可能用被动语态。8.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“正式提案内容要求”。正式提案通常需要详细预算，因此选项B正确。选项A的幽默不专业；选项C避免技术术语可能不合适；选项D的第一人称可能不正式。9.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“文章结论作用”。结论的主要作用是总结主要观点，因此选项C正确。选项A的引入新证据不合适；选项B的重复论点不是总结；选项D的个人反思不是结论的主要功能。10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“文章修改重点”。修改草稿时最重要的是检查语法和标点，因此选项A正确。选项B的长度不是首要问题；选项C的引用数量不重要；选项D的格式是次要的。二、填空题1.参考答案：Awell-organizedessayshouldhaveaclearstructurewithanintroduction,bodyparagraphs,andaconclusion.解析：本题考查写作结构。一篇结构清晰的作文应该包括引言、主体段落和结论。这是写作的基本要求，能够帮助读者更好地理解文章内容。2.参考答案：Whenwritingaformalessay,itisimportanttousepreciselanguageandavoidcontractions.解析：本题考查正式写作的语言使用。在正式写作中，使用精确的语言并避免使用缩写词是非常重要的，这有助于保持文章的专业性和正式性。3.参考答案：Inordertowriteaneffectivepersuasiveessay,youshouldprovidestrongevidencetosupportyourarguments.解析：本题考查议论文的写作技巧。为了写一篇有效的议论文，你应该提供强有力的证据来支持你的论点，这是确保说服力的关键。4.参考答案：Agoodnarrativeessayshouldengagethereaderwithvividdescriptionsandacompellingplot.解析：本题考查记叙文的写作技巧。一篇好的记叙文应该通过生动的描述和引人入胜的情节吸引读者，这是记叙文成功的关键。5.参考答案：Transitionwordsareessentialinwritingtoensuresmoothflowbetweensentencesandparagraphs.解析：本题考查过渡词的使用。过渡词在写作中是必不可少的，它们确保句子和段落之间的流畅性，使文章更加连贯。6.参考答案：Whencomparingtwoobjects,itishelpfultousetransitionwordssuchas"however"and"ontheotherhand"tohighlightdifferences.解析：本题考查比较写作中的过渡词使用。在比较两个物体时，使用过渡词如“however”和“ontheotherhand”有助于突出差异，使比较更加清晰。7.参考答案：Indescriptivewriting,sensorydetailshelptocreateavividpictureinthereader'smind.解析：本题考查描述性写作中的感官细节。在描述性写作中，感官细节有助于在读者脑海中创造生动的画面，增强文章的吸引力。8.参考答案：Whenwritingaformalproposal,itisimportanttoclearlystatetheproblem,solution,andimplementationplan.解析：本题考查正式提案的写作要点。在写正式提案时，清晰地陈述问题、解决方案和实施计划是非常重要的，这有助于确保提案的完整性和可行性。9.参考答案：Astrongthesisstatementshouldbespecific,debatable,andprovideacleardirectionfortheessay.解析：本题考查论点句的写作。一个强有力的论点句应该是具体的、可争议的，并为文章提供明确的方向，这是确保文章有明确主题的关键。10.参考答案：Wheneditingadraft,itiscrucialtocheckforgrammaticalerrorsandimprovesentencestructureforbetterreadability.解析：本题考查草稿修改的要点。在修改草稿时，检查语法错误并改进句子结构以增强可读性是至关重要的，这有助于提高文章的质量。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“写作技巧中的标题使用”。在英语写作中，使用标题和副标题可以有效提高文章的清晰度和组织性，帮助读者快速理解文章结构和内容。这是写作技巧中的重要知识点。2.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“论文写作中的主题句位置”。虽然主题句通常放在引言段落，但并非必须放在最开始的位置。有些文章可能会在引言的中间或后面才提出主题句，因此这个说法是错误的。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“比较性写作中的多维度分析”。在英语写作中，比较两个物体时，不仅要考虑大小，还要考虑重量和材料组成等多个维度，这样才能进行全面和深入的比较分析。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“描述性写作中的感官细节”。在英语描述性写作中，使用感官细节（如视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉、味觉）是创建生动和吸引人场景的关键，因此这个说法是正确的。5.参考答案：×解析：本题考查“叙事性写作的结构要求”。虽然一个好的叙事性文章通常有清晰的开始、中间和结尾，但并非所有叙事性文章都必须遵循这种结构。有些文章可能会采用非线性叙事或其他结构，因此这个说法是错误的。6.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“过渡词的使用技巧”。在英语写作中，过渡词对于使文章流畅和连贯非常重要，但过度使用过渡词会使文章显得重复，因此这个说法是正确的。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“语法和标点符号的重要性”。在英语写作中，正确的语法和标点符号对于有效沟通至关重要，因为它们有助于准确传达意图，因此这个说法是正确的。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“企业选址决策因素”。企业在规划新工厂时，确实会考虑劳动力成本和供应商的地理位置等因素，以优化生产成本和效率，因此这个说法是正确的。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“农业种植策略”。农民在相邻田地种植两种作物，可以充分利用资源并减少害虫问题，这是一种有效的农业种植策略，因此这个说法是正确的。10.参考答案：√解析：本题考查“工厂生产计划优化”。工厂生产两种产品时，设计生产计划以优化机器和劳动力的使用，是一种常见的生产管理策略，因此这个说法是正确的。四、简答题1.参考答案：Thethreemainpartsofaformalletterarethesalutation,body,andclosing.解析：本题考查“正式信函的结构”。正式信函通常包括称呼、正文和结尾三部分。称呼用于表示对收信人的尊重；正文是信件的主要内容，通常分为若干段落，阐述写信的目的和具体内容；结尾用于表达祝福或表示感谢，并署名。解析中点明了正式信函的三个核心组成部分，并简要说明了每个部分的功能，符合写作技巧的相关知识点。2.参考答案：Tostartadescriptiveessayaboutamemorablejourney,youcanbeginwithanengagingopeningsentencethatsetsthescene,introducethejourneywithabriefoverview,andthentransitiontothemainbodywhereyoudescribethekeyexperiencesandemotions.解析：本题考查“描写性文章的开头技巧”。描写性文章的开头需要吸引读者，通常用一个引人入胜的句子来描绘场景，然后简要介绍旅程的主要内容，最后自然过渡到文章的主体部分，详细描述旅程中的关键经历和感受。解析中提供了具体的开头方法，并说明了其作用，符合写作技巧的相关知识点。3.参考答案：Transitionwordsareusedtoconnectideasandparagraphssmoothly,showingrelationshipssuchasaddition,contrast,causeandeffect,andconclusion.Theyhelptoguidethereaderthroughtheargumentandmaketheessaymorecoherent.解析：本题考查“过渡词在议论文中的作用”。过渡词用于连接不同的观点和段落，展示如添加、对比、因果关系和结论等关系，帮助读者更好地理解文章的逻辑结构，使文章更加连贯。解析中解释了过渡词的功能和作用，符合写作技巧的相关知识点。4.参考答案：Whenwritingaproposalforaschoolproject,youshouldconsiderthepurposeoftheproject,thetargetaudience,theresourcesneeded,thetimeline,andtheexpectedoutcomes.Clearlyoutlinethestepsandjustifywhytheprojectisimportantandbeneficial.解析：本题考查“项目提案的写作要点”。撰写项目提案时，需要考虑项目的目的、目标受众、所需资源、时间表和预期成果，明确列出步骤，并说明项目的重要性和益处。解析中提供了撰写项目提案的具体要点，符合写作技巧的相关知识点。5.参考答案：Acompare-and-contrastessayshouldhaveanintroductionthatpresentsthesubjectsbeingcompared,abodywithparagraphsthatdiscusssimilaritiesanddifferences,andaconclusionthatsummarizesthemainpointsandoffersafinalthought.解析：本题考查“对比-比较型文章的结构”。对比-比较型文章的结构包括引言部分介绍要比较的主题，主体部分用段落分别讨论相似点和不同点，结论部分总结主要观点并提出最终思考。解析中详细说明了文章的结构和写作要点，符合写作技巧的相关知识点。6.参考答案：Toeffectivelyconcludeanarrativestory,youcansummarizethemainevents,reflectonthelessonslearned,andprovideafinalthoughtormoralthatresonateswiththeread