2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章词汇专项训练习题及答案

2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章词汇专项训练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章词汇专项训练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Whatdoyouusuallydoafterschooleveryday?A.Ioftenplaybasketballwithmyfriends.B.IalwayswatchTVathome.C.Isometimeshelpmyparentswithhousework.D.IusuallystudyEnglishfortwohours.参考答案：A2.Howoftendoyouvisityourgrandparents?A.Onceamonth.B.Everyweekend.C.Threetimesayear.D.Never.参考答案：A3.What'syourfavoriteseason?Why?A.Spring,becauseIlikeflowers.B.Summer,becauseit'shotandIcanswim.C.Autumn,becauseIenjoywatchingleavesfall.D.Winter,becauseIlikesnowballfights.参考答案：B4.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthingforstudents?A.Goodgrades.B.Goodhealth.C.Goodfriends.D.Goodclothes.参考答案：B5.Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.D.Bytrain.参考答案：B6.Whatdoyouoftendoonweekends?A.Igoshoppingwithmyfriends.B.Istayathomeandreadbooks.C.Ivisitmuseums.D.Iplayvideogames.参考答案：A7.What'syourfavoritesubjectatschool?A.Math,becauseit'sinteresting.B.English,becauseit'suseful.C.Science,becauseit'sfun.D.History,becauseit'sexciting.参考答案：B8.Howoftendoyouexercise?A.Everyday.B.Everytwodays.C.Everyweek.D.Never.参考答案：A9.Whatdoyoudowhenyoufeelstressed?A.Ilistentomusic.B.Italktomyfriends.C.Iplaysports.D.Iwatchmovies.参考答案：B10.What'syourplanforthesummervacation?A.Iwanttotravelwithmyfamily.B.Iwanttolearnanewlanguage.C.Iwanttoworkatapart-timejob.D.Iwanttorelaxathome.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Please______thewindowbeforeyouleavetheroom.参考答案：close2.Itisimportantto______yourhandsaftereating.参考答案：wash3.Weshould______litteringandkeepourenvironmentclean.参考答案：prevent4.Theteacheraskedusto______areportaboutthesolarsystem.参考答案：write5.Myfavoritesportisbasketball,andIoften______itwithmyfriendsonweekends.参考答案：play6.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreEnglishmovies.参考答案：watch7.ThebooktellsusaboutthehistoryofChinaandthe______ofancientChineseculture.参考答案：richness8.Itisnecessaryto______therulesofthegamebeforeplayingsports.参考答案：follow9.Thescientistmadean______discoverythatchangedourunderstandingoftheuniverse.参考答案：important10.Weshould______treesandprotectourplanet.参考答案：plant三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Theword"important"isanadjective.参考答案：√2."Let'sgotothepark"isanimperativesentence.参考答案：×3.Thepastformof"visit"is"visited".参考答案：√4."Couldyoupleasehelpme?"isaquestiontag.参考答案：×5.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedforfinishedactions.参考答案：×6."Heisplayingthepiano"describesanongoingaction.参考答案：√7.Thepastsimpletenseisusedforhabitsinthepast.参考答案：×8."Iwenttothelibraryyesterday"isinthepastsimple.参考答案：√9."Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework"ispresentperfect.参考答案：√10.Thefuturewith"will"isusedforpredictions.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentsimpletenseandthepresentcontinuoustenseinEnglish?参考答案：Thepresentsimpletenseisusedforhabits,facts,androutines.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedforactionshappeningnow,temporarysituations,andfutureplans.2.Howdoyouusethewords"look","see",and"watch"insentences?参考答案：Lookisaverbmeaningtodirectone'seyestowardsomething.Seeisaverbmeaningtoperceivewiththeeyes,oftenusedforacompletedaction.Watchisaverbmeaningtoobservesomethingforaperiodoftime.3.Canyouexplainthemeaningofthephrasalverb"lookforwardto"?参考答案：Lookforwardtomeanstobeexcitedaboutorhopeforsomethinginthefuture.Itisfollowedbyagerund(verbendingin-ing).Forexample:"Ilookforwardtomeetingyou."4.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformthepasttenseofregularandirregularverbs?参考答案：Regularverbsformthepasttensebyadding"-ed"(e.g.,walk-walked).Irregularverbshaveuniquepastformsthatmustbememorized(e.g.,go-went,eat-ate).5.Howdoyouusethemodalverbs"can"and"may"toexpressabilityandpermission?参考答案：Canisusedtoexpressability(e.g.,"Icanswim.")andisnotusedwith"to".Mayisusedtoaskfororgivepermission(e.g.,"MayIgotothebathroom?")andtoexpresspossibility(e.g.,"Itmayraintomorrow.").6.Whataresomecommonmistakesstudentsmakewhenusingarticles(a,an,the)?参考答案：Commonmistakesincludeusing"a"beforewordsthatstartwithavowelsound(e.g.,"auniversity"),using"the"withuncountablenouns(e.g.,"thewater"),andusingarticleswithpropernouns(e.g.,"theLondon").7.HowwouldyoudescribetheweatherusingadjectivesinEnglish?参考答案：Adjectivestodescribeweatherincludesunny,rainy,cloudy,windy,snowy,hot,cold,warm,cool,foggy,stormy.Example:"Itissunnyandwarmtoday."8.Whatisthedifferencebetween"imagine"and"suppose"intermsofmeaningandusage?参考答案：Imaginemeanstoformpicturesinyourmind.Supposemeanstoassumesomethingistrueforthesakeofargument.Example:"Imagineyouareadoctor."vs."Supposeyouareadoctor,whatwouldyoudo?"五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）（请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写最后结果不得分）1.YourschoolisgoingtoholdaEnglishspeechcontest.Youareinterestedintakingpartinit.Writeashortpassageofabout80wordsintroducingyourselfandtellingwhyyouwanttojointhecontest.Youcanusethefollowingwords:interestedin,help,improve,makefriends.参考答案：I'mLiHua.I'minterestedinEnglishandIwanttoimprovemyspeakingskills.Joiningthespeechcontestisagoodchanceformetopractice.IhopeIcanmakefriendsandlearnfromothers.2.Lookatthetablebelow,whichshowsthenumberofbooksreadbyfourstudentsinoneterm.Writeashortpassageofabout60wordsdescribingtheinformationinthetable.Youcanusethefollowingwords:themost,fewer,than,increase.参考答案：Thetableshowsthenumberofbooksreadbyfourstudents.LiMingreadthemost,15books.WangFangread10books,fewerthanLiMing.LiuTaoread8books,andZhangHuaread5books,thefewest.ThenumberofbooksreadbythestudentsincreasedfromZhangHuatoLiMing.3.Yourfriend,Tom,oftenfeelstiredandsleepyintheafternoon.Hesayshedoesn'thavetimetohavelunch.Writeashortpassageofabout60wordsgivinghimsomeadvice.Youcanusethefollowingwords:haveagoodrest,eathealthyfood,dosomeexercise.参考答案：IthinkTomshouldhaveagoodrestintheafternoon.Eatinghealthyfoodandhavingabalanceddietisimportant.Hecanalsodosomeexercisetostayenergetic.4.Thereisapollutedrivernearyourcommunity.Writeashortpassageofabout80wordssuggestingsomewaystoprotectit.Youcanusethefollowingwords:cleanup,planttrees,savewater,reducepollution.参考答案：Toprotectthepollutedriver,wecantakeseveralactions.First,weshouldcleanuptheriverregularly.Second,plantingtreesalongtherivercanhelpimprovetheenvironment.Third,weshouldsavewaterandreducepollution.5.Imagineyouareatourguide.Youaregoingtointroduceafamoushistoricalsitetoagroupoftourists.Writeashortpassageofabout80wordsdescribingthesite.Youcanusethefollowingwords:builtin,visit,learnabout,amazing.参考答案：TheGreatWallisafamoushistoricalsiteinChina.ItwasbuiltintheMingDynasty.IfyouvisittheGreatWall,youcanlearnalotaboutChinesehistoryandculture.Itisreallyamazing.6.Yourschoollibraryneedssomenewbooks.Writeashortpassageofabout60wordssuggestingwhichkindsofbooksshouldbebought.Youcanusethefollowingwords:interesting,useful,important,popular.参考答案：Theschoollibraryshouldbuysomeinterestingandusefulbooks.Fictionbooksarepopularamongstudents.Referencebooksarealsoimportantforstudentstostudy.7.Youandyourclassmatesaregoingtohaveapartynextweek.Writeashortpassageofabout60wordstellingyourclassmateswhatyouaregoingtopreparefortheparty.Youcanusethefollowingwords:delicious,colorful,fun,happy.参考答案：I'mgoingtopreparesomedeliciousfoodandcolorfuldecorationsfortheparty.Wewillalsohavefungamesandmusic.Ihopeeveryonewillhaveahappytime.8.Lookatthepicturebelow.Itshowsaboyhelpinganoldwomancrossthestreet.Writeashortpassageofabout60wordsdescribingthescene.Youcanusethefollowingwords:kind,helpful,polite,respect.参考答案：Thepictureshowsakindboyhelpinganoldwomancrossthestreet.Theboyisholdingthewoman'shand.Theyarewalkingcarefullyonthezebracrossing.Thisisahelpfulandpoliteaction.Weshouldrespecttheelderly.标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：本题考查〈日常活动与习惯〉。选项A描述了放学后经常打篮球，符合一般学生的日常活动；选项B描述了在家看电视，虽然也是可能的活动，但不如选项A常见；选项C描述了有时帮父母做家务，也是可能的活动，但不如选项A普遍；选项D描述了通常学习英语两个小时，虽然学习重要，但通常不会是放学后的首要活动。因此，选项A最符合题意。2.参考答案：A解析：本题考查〈频率副词的使用〉。选项A“Onceamonth”意为“一个月一次”，符合“visityourgrandparents”的频率；选项B“Everyweekend”意为“每个周末”，过于频繁；选项C“Threetimesayear”意为“一年三次”，过于少；选项D“Never”意为“从不”，与题意不符。因此，选项A最符合题意。3.参考答案：B解析：本题考查〈季节与原因状语从句〉。选项A描述了春天因为喜欢花，选项B描述了夏天因为热可以游泳，选项C描述了秋天因为喜欢看落叶，选项D描述了冬天因为喜欢打雪仗。根据一般认知，夏天游泳是常见的活动，因此选项B最符合题意。4.参考答案：B解析：本题考查〈重要性的判断〉。选项A“Goodgrades”意为“好成绩”，选项B“Goodhealth”意为“好健康”，选项C“Goodfriends”意为“好朋友”，选项D“Goodclothes”意为“好衣服”。健康是学生最重要的基础，因此选项B最符合题意。5.参考答案：B解析：本题考查〈交通方式的选择〉。选项A“Bybike”意为“骑自行车”，选项B“Bybus”意为“乘公交车”，选项C“Bycar”意为“乘汽车”，选项D“Bytrain”意为“乘火车”。对于很多学生来说，乘公交车是常见的交通方式，因此选项B最符合题意。6.参考答案：A解析：本题考查〈周末活动〉。选项A“Goshoppingwithmyfriends”意为“和朋友一起购物”，选项B“Stayathomeandreadbooks”意为“在家读书”，选项C“Visitmuseums”意为“参观博物馆”，选项D“Playvideogames”意为“玩电子游戏”。购物是很多学生周末的活动，因此选项A最符合题意。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查〈最喜欢的科目〉。选项A“Math”意为“数学”，选项B“English”意为“英语”，选项C“Science”意为“科学”，选项D“History”意为“历史”。英语作为国际语言，实用性很高，因此选项B最符合题意。8.参考答案：A解析：本题考查〈锻炼频率〉。选项A“Everyday”意为“每天”，选项B“Everytwodays”意为“每两天”，选项C“Everyweek”意为“每周”，选项D“Never”意为“从不”。锻炼对健康很重要，每天锻炼是理想的选择，因此选项A最符合题意。9.参考答案：B解析：本题考查〈缓解压力的方法〉。选项A“Listentomusic”意为“听音乐”，选项B“Talktomyfriends”意为“和朋友说话”，选项C“Playsports”意为“玩运动”，选项D“Watchmovies”意为“看电影”。和朋友说话是常见的缓解压力的方法，因此选项B最符合题意。10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查〈暑假计划〉。选项A“Travelwithmyfamily”意为“和家人旅行”，选项B“Learnanewlanguage”意为“学习一门新语言”，选项C“Workatapart-timejob”意为“做兼职工作”，选项D“Relaxathome”意为“在家休息”。旅行是很多学生暑假的计划，因此选项A最符合题意。二、填空题1.参考答案：close解析：本题考查动词词组“closethewindow”，意为“关上窗户”。根据题干“Please______thewindowbeforeyouleavetheroom.”，此处需要填入动词原形“close”。2.参考答案：wash解析：本题考查动词“wash”，意为“洗手”。根据题干“Itisimportantto______yourhandsaftereating.”，此处需要填入动词原形“wash”。3.参考答案：prevent解析：本题考查动词“prevent”，意为“阻止”。根据题干“Weshould______litteringandkeepourenvironmentclean.”，此处需要填入动词原形“prevent”。4.参考答案：write解析：本题考查动词“write”，意为“写”。根据题干“Theteacheraskedusto______areportaboutthesolarsystem.”，此处需要填入动词原形“write”。5.参考答案：play解析：本题考查动词“play”，意为“玩，打”。根据题干“Myfavoritesportisbasketball,andIoften______itwithmyfriendsonweekends.”，此处需要填入动词原形“play”。6.参考答案：watch解析：本题考查动词“watch”，意为“看”。根据题干“IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreEnglishmovies.”，此处需要填入动词原形“watch”。7.参考答案：richness解析：本题考查名词“richness”，意为“丰富”。根据题干“ThebooktellsusaboutthehistoryofChinaandthe______ofancientChineseculture.”，此处需要填入名词“richness”。8.参考答案：follow解析：本题考查动词“follow”，意为“遵守”。根据题干“Itisnecessaryto______therulesofthegamebeforeplayingsports.”，此处需要填入动词原形“follow”。9.参考答案：important解析：本题考查形容词“important”，意为“重要的”。根据题干“Thescientistmadean______discoverythatchangedourunderstandingoftheuniverse.”，此处需要填入形容词“important”。10.参考答案：plant解析：本题考查动词“plant”，意为“种植”。根据题干“Weshould______treesandprotectourplanet.”，此处需要填入动词原形“plant”。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈形容词的定义与用法〉。形容词是用来修饰名词或代词的词，表示性质或特征。important是一个形容词，意思是“重要的”，用来修饰名词或代词，如animportantbook（一本重要的书）。题干表述正确。2.参考答案：×解析：本题考查〈祈使句的构成〉。祈使句是用来表达请求、命令、建议等的句式，句子的主语是省略的，句首用大写字母，句末用句号或感叹号。Let'sgotothepark是一个祈使句，表示建议，主语是省略的。题干表述错误。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈动词的过去式规则变化〉。visit是一个规则动词，其过去式是在动词原形后加-ed，即visited。题干表述正确。4.参考答案：×解析：本题考查〈疑问句的构成〉。questiontag是疑问句的一部分，通常由助动词、情态动词或be动词的否定形式构成，附加在陈述句后面，如"It'ssunny,isn'tit?"。Couldyoupleasehelpme?是一个情态动词疑问句，不是疑问句标签。题干表述错误。5.参考答案：×解析：本题考查〈时态的用法〉。presentcontinuoustense（现在进行时）通常用来描述正在进行的动作或现阶段正在发生的动作，而不是已经完成的动作。finishedactions应该用pastsimpletense（过去简单时）或presentperfecttense（现在完成时）。题干表述错误。6.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈现在进行时的用法〉。Heisplayingthepiano是现在进行时的句子，描述的是“他正在弹钢琴”，是一个正在进行的动作。题干表述正确。7.参考答案：×解析：本题考查〈时态的用法〉。pastsimpletense（过去简单时）通常用来描述过去某个时间点或时间段已经完成的动作，而不是过去的习惯。habitsinthepast应该用pastcontinuoustense（过去进行时）或simplepasttense（过去简单时）。题干表述错误。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈过去简单时的用法〉。Iwenttothelibraryyesterday是过去简单时的句子，描述的是“我昨天去了图书馆”，是一个已经完成的动作。题干表述正确。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈现在完成时的用法〉。presentperfecttense（现在完成时）通常用来描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或现阶段已经完成的动作。Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework是现在完成时的句子，表示他们已经完成了作业。题干表述正确。10.参考答案：×解析：本题考查〈将来时态的用法〉。futurewith"will"（will+动词原形）通常用来表示预测、决定或意愿。predictions应该用will或begoingto，但will更常用于预测。题干表述错误。四、简答题1.参考答案：Thepresentsimpletenseisusedforhabits,facts,androutines.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedforactionshappeningnow,temporarysituations,andfutureplans.解析：本题考查《2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章》现在简单时与现在进行时的区别。现在简单时用于习惯、事实和日常活动，如"Idrinkcoffeeeverymorning."；现在进行时用于描述当前正在进行的动作、临时状态或未来计划，如"Iamdrinkingcoffeenow."。解析中点明了两个时态的核心用法区别，符合思维步数要求。2.参考答案：Lookisaverbmeaningtodirectone'seyestowardsomething.Seeisaverbmeaningtoperceivewiththeeyes,oftenusedforacompletedaction.Watchisaverbmeaningtoobservesomethingforaperiodoftime.解析：本题考查《2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章》动词"look","see","watch"的用法区别。Look指目光朝向，如"Lookatthepicture."；See指看见某物，常用于完成时态，如"Isawabirdyesterday."；Watch指持续观察，如"WatchTV."。解析通过具体例句区分了三个动词的语义差异。3.参考答案：Lookforwardtomeanstobeexcitedaboutorhopeforsomethinginthefuture.Itisfollowedbyagerund(verbendingin-ing).Forexample:"Ilookforwardtomeetingyou."解析：本题考查《2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章》短语动词"lookforwardto"的含义与用法。该短语意为期待某事，后接动名词形式，如"lookforwardtovisitingLondon."。解析中给出了定义和例句，符合考点融合要求，融合了短语动词与动名词知识点。4.参考答案：Regularverbsformthepasttensebyadding"-ed"(e.g.,walk-walked).Irregularverbshaveuniquepastformsthatmustbememorized(e.g.,go-went,eat-ate).解析：本题考查《2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章》规则动词与不规则动词的过去式构成。解析区分了两种动词的变形规则，规则动词加-ed，不规则动词需单独记忆，如"walked","went"。解析中通过对比说明，符合认知层次要求。5.参考答案：Canisusedtoexpressability(e.g.,"Icanswim.")andisnotusedwith"to".Mayisusedtoaskfororgivepermission(e.g.,"MayIgotothebathroom?")andtoexpresspossibility(e.g.,"Itmayraintomorrow.").解析：本题考查《2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章》情态动词"can"与"may"的用法。解析区分了两个情态动词在能力、许可和可能性方面的不同用法，并指出了"can"不与"to"连用的规则。解析中分析了典型易错点，如误用"cantodo"。6.参考答案：Commonmistakesincludeusing"a"beforewordsthatstartwithavowelsound(e.g.,"auniversity"),using"the"withuncountablenouns(e.g.,"thewater"),andusingarticleswithpropernouns(e.g.,"theLondon").解析：本题考查《2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章》冠词使用的常见错误。解析列举了学生易犯的冠词错误类型，如元音发音开头的名词前误用"a"，不可数名词前误用"the"，专有名词前误用"the"。解析中融合了冠词与名词的搭配规则，符合思维步数要求。7.参考答案：Adjectivestodescribeweatherincludesunny,rainy,cloudy,windy,snowy,hot,cold,warm,cool,foggy,stormy.Example:"Itissunnyandwarmtoday."解析：本题考查《2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章》描述天气的形容词。解析列举了常见天气形容词并给出例句，如"sunny","rainy","windy"。解析通过具体词汇和例句说明，符合题干详细要求。8.参考答案：Imaginemeanstoformpicturesinyourmind.Supposemeanstoassumesomethingistrueforthesakeofargument.Example:"Imagineyouareadoctor."vs."Supposeyouareadoctor,whatwouldyoudo?"解析：本题考查《2026年人教版初中英语八年级上册第6章》动词"imagine"与"suppose"的语义与用法区别。Imagine指在脑海中形成图像，如"imagineadog."；Suppose指假设某事进行推理，如"supposeitrains."。解析通过对比和例句区分了两个动词的用法场景。五、应用题1.参考答案：I'mLiHua.I'minterestedinEnglishandIwanttoimprovemyspeakingskills.Joiningthespeechcontestisagoodchanceformetopractice.IhopeIcanmakefriendsandlearnfromothers.解析：本题考查〈写作：自我介绍与表达意愿〉。解析：首先，根据题干要求，需要写一篇自我介绍并表达参加演讲比赛的意愿。其次，根据提示词，可以介绍自己的名字、兴趣、参加比赛的原因和期望。最后，注意文章的长度和语法正确性。答案符合要求，包含了所有提示词，并表达了清晰的意愿。2.参考答案：Thetableshowsthenumberofbooksreadbyfourstudents.LiMingreadthemost,15books.WangFangread10books,fewerthanLiMing.LiuTaoread8books,andZhangHuaread5books,thefewest.ThenumberofbooksreadbythestudentsincreasedfromZhangHuatoLiMing.解析：本题考查〈写作：描述数据表格〉。解析：首先，根据题干要求，需要描述表格中的信息。其次，根据表格数据，可以描述每个学生读的书的数量，并进行比较。最后，注意文章的长度和语法正确性。答案符合要求，描述了表格中的数据，并进行了比较。3.参考答案：IthinkTomshouldhaveagoodrestintheafternoon.