人教版英语八年级下册期中复习 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（复习讲义）（原卷版）

Unit4TheWondersofNature（复习讲义)单词1.

wonder奇观；想知道2.

nature自然；大自然3.

surface表面；表层4.

depth深（度）；纵深5.

dive潜水；跳水6.

unusual特别的；不寻常的7.

bottom底部；最下部8.

waterfall瀑布9.

civilization文明10.

development发展；壮大11.

desert沙漠；荒原12.

climber攀登者；登山者13.

survive生存；存活14.

degree度；度数；程度15.

risk使…冒风险；风险短语1.

naturalwonders自然奇观2.

belowsealevel低于海平面3.

atthebottomof在…的底部4.

diveto潜入…5.

adepthof深度为…6.

adistanceof距离为…7.

atallcosts不惜任何代价8.

squarekilometer平方千米9.

connectwith与…连接10.

takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事11.

survivein在…中存活12.

ingoodcondition状态良好13.

thesecondlongestriver第二长河14.

oneofthegreatestwonders最伟大的奇迹之一句型1.

Whatarethetwogreatestnaturalwondersintheworld?世界上最伟大的两大自然奇观是什么？2.

Itisbelowsealevel.它位于海平面以下。3.

Let’scallWondersoftheWorldandjoininthediscussion.我们给《世界奇观》栏目打电话，加入讨论吧。4.

Ithinknaturalwondersaremoreinterestingthanman-madeones.我认为自然奇观比人造奇观更有趣。5.

Whichonedoyouthinkismorefantastic?你认为哪一个更奇妙？6.

Somepeoplebelieveitisthemostfantasticnaturalwonder.有些人认为它是最奇妙的自然奇观。7.

Itrunsforseveralhundredkilometersonthesurfaceoftheearth.它在地球表面绵延数百公里。8.

Wecanheartheloudnoiseofthewaterfallafewkilometersaway.我们在几公里外就能听到瀑布的轰鸣声。9.

Humanscansurviveinthisdesertforonlythreedayswithoutwater.没有水的情况下，人类在这片沙漠里只能存活三天。10.

Manyclimbersrisktheirlivestoclimbiteveryyear.每年都有许多登山者冒着生命危险去攀登它。11.

It’snotjustthenaturalwondersthatattractpeople.吸引人们的不只是自然奇观。12.

Weshouldtakemeasurestoprotectthesenaturalwonders.我们应该采取措施保护这些自然奇观。13.

Thedesertissohotthatfewplantscangrowthere.这片沙漠酷热难耐，几乎没有植物能在那里生长。语法形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（单元重点），原因/让步状语从句（衔接巩固）写作介绍一处自然奇观知识点1：

Whatisthehighestmountainintheworld?（教材P32）语法：the+形容词最高级+范围(in/of)，highest为high的最高级句式：特殊疑问句询问最高级，用于描述自然奇观的属性拓展：oneofthe+最高级+复数名词（例：oneofthehighestmountains）知识点2：It’sabout9,000,000squarekilometersinsize.（教材P32）-短语：insize表面积大小；squarekilometers平方千米-表达：大数字读法（9,000,000→ninemillion）；度量单位搭配（数字+单位+形容词）知识点3：PeopleliketovisittheDeadSeabecauseitisunusual.（教材P33）语法：because引导原因状语从句，表直接原因，可回答why易错：because与so不能连用知识点4：TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.Ittravelsthefarthestandisabout6,300kilometerslong.（教材P34）语法：形容词/副词最高级（longest,farthest）表达：河流长度的描述方式（数字+kilometerslong）知识点5：Sinceitisveryhotinthedesert,fewplantscangrowthere.（教材P35）语法：since引导原因状语从句，表已知、显而易见的原因，语气较弱词汇：few表否定，几乎没有知识点6：Althoughclimbingmountainsisdangerous,manyclimbersstillwanttotryit.（教材P36）语法：although引导让步状语从句，though用法基本一致，though更口语化易错：although/though与but不能连用句式：动名词短语（climbingmountains）作从句主语知识点7：Visitingoneoftheworld’slargestwaterfallswasamagicalexperience.（教材P37）语法：动名词短语作主语（Visiting...），谓语动词用单数词汇：magical神奇的；experience经历（可数）知识点8：1.

Weshouldprotectthembyallmeans.（教材P38）短语：byallmeans无论如何，务必词汇：protect保护；should情态动词，表建议知识点9：

Bytheway,doyouknowwhyit’scalledthat?（教材P38）短语：bytheway顺便问一下，用于转换话题语法：宾语从句（whyit’scalledthat），用陈述句语序单元语法一、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（单元重点）1.

基本用法-比较级：两者对比，A+be/实义动词+比较级+than+B，例：ThePacificOceanisdeeperthantheAtlanticOcean。-最高级：三者及以上对比，A+be/实义动词+the+最高级+in/of短语，例：MountQomolangmaisthehighestmountainintheworld。-同级比较：A+be+as+原级+as+B（和…一样）；A+be+notas/so+原级+as+B（不如…）。2.

构成规则（教材重点）-单音节/少数双音节词：直接+er/est；以e结尾+r/st；重读闭音节双写尾字母+er/est；辅音+y结尾变y为i+er/est。例：deep→deeper→deepest；large→larger→largest；big→bigger→biggest；heavy→heavier→heaviest。-多音节/部分双音节词：more+原级；most+原级。例：dangerous→moredangerous→mostdangerous；famous→morefamous→mostfamous。-不规则变化（教材必记）：good/well→better→best；many/much→more→most；bad/badly→worse→worst；little→less→least；far→farther/further→farthest/furthest。3.

教材原句示例-比较级：TheDeadSeaissaltierthananyotherseaintheworld.-最高级：TheAmazonRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.二、原因状语从句&让步状语从句（衔接巩固）1.

原因状语从句（because/since/as）-because（直接原因，可答why），例：PeopleliketovisittheDeadSeabecauseitisunusual。-since/as（已知原因，语气较弱），例：Sinceitisveryhotinthedesert,fewplantscangrowthere；Asthewaterisverysalty,nothingcanliveintheDeadSea。-注意：because与so不可连用。2.

让步状语从句（although/though/eventhough）-although/though（虽然，用法基本一致），例：Althoughclimbingmountainsisdangerous,manyclimbersstillwanttotryit。-eventhough（即使，语气更强，含假设），例：Eventhoughthetemperatureisverylow,someanimalscansurviveintheArctic。-注意：although/though与but不可连用。三、教材强调的易错点（1）最高级前必须加the；副词最高级the可省略。（2）比较级than后避免重复，可用that/those指代前文提到的名词，例：Theweatherinthenorthiscolderthanthatinthesouth。（3）比较级+and+比较级表“越来越…”，例：Theriverisgettingwiderandwider。（4）the+比较级…,the+比较级…表“越…，越…”，例：Thedeeperyoudive,themorewonderfultheseaworldis。单元写作作文主题本单元作文核心话题为介绍一处自然奇观，体裁以说明文为主，也可结合个人感受写成夹叙夹议的短文，以下是清晰实用的写作思路：一、确定写作对象选择熟悉或有资料支撑的自然奇观，比如教材提到的死海、瀑布、沙漠，或国内的黄山、桂林山水、长白山天池等，确保有具体特征可写。二、搭建文章结构（三段式）1.开头段：引出话题，点明对象（1）开门见山式：直接点明要介绍的自然奇观，例：OneofthemostamazingnaturalwondersIknowistheDeadSea.（2）设问引入式：用问题吸引读者，例：Haveyoueverheardofaseawhereyoucanfloatonthewaterwithoutswimming?It’stheDeadSea.（3）背景铺垫式：简单交代奇观的地理位置，例：LocatedbetweenJordanandIsrael,theDeadSeaisfamousallovertheworldforitsspecialfeatures.2.主体段：描述特征，突出亮点这是文章核心部分，结合教材知识点，从3个角度展开：（1）地理与外观特征：描述位置、面积、深度、颜色等，例：TheDeadSeaisabout80kilometerslongand18kilometerswide.ItisthelowestpointonEarth,about430metersbelowsealevel.（2）独特之处（核心亮点）：结合自然原理，解释其神奇之处，例：ThewateroftheDeadSeahasaveryhighsaltcontent—about30%.That’swhypeoplecaneasilyfloatonit.Nofishorplantscanliveinit,whichishowitgotitsname.（3）人文价值或现状：补充人们对它的利用，或当前的保护情况，例：Everyyear,thousandsoftouristscomeheretoenjoyfloatingandmudbaths.However,theDeadSeaisgettingsmallerbecauseofhumanactivities.Weneedtotakemeasurestoprotectit.3.结尾段：总结感受，升华主题（1）个人感受式：表达对自然奇观的赞叹，例：VisitingtheDeadSeamakesmerealizehowwonderfulandpowerfulnatureis.（2）呼吁保护式：倡导爱护自然，例：Naturalwondersaregiftsfromnature.Weshouldprotectthemsothatpeopleinthefuturecanalsoenjoytheirbeauty.（3）总结概括式：简洁总结奇观的地位，例：TheDeadSeaisnotjustasea.It’sagreatnaturalwonderthatshowsthemagicofourplanet.三、加分技巧1.

运用本单元语法：穿插原因状语从句和让步状语从句，例：AlthoughtheDeadSeaiscalleda“sea”,itisactuallyabiglakebecauseithasnoconnectiontotheocean.2.

使用本单元词汇：活用wonder,natural,depth,unusual,survive等单词，以及atthebottomof,belowsealevel等短语。3.

增加细节描写：加入具体数字、感官体验（如thewatertastesverysalty），让文章更生动。巩固练习一、单项选择1．—DoyouknowwheretheDeadSeais?—Yes,it’safamoussaltlake________theJordanValley.A．locatedin B．connectedwith C．famousfor D．closeto2．Manyscientists________tostudythedeepseaandfindmanyunusualseaanimals.A．doresearch B．makenotes C．giveareport D．designaposter3．TheChineseclimbingteam________thesummitofQomolangmaagainin2024andraisedournationalflagatthetop.A．reached B．climbed C．measured D．located4．Shehasbeen________theuniquerockpatternsinthedesertforhours,tryingtocapturetheirbeautyinhersketchbook.A．lookingup B．lookingafter C．lookingfor D．lookingat5．I’mcurious________theNorthernLightsusuallyappearinthepolarregions.A．why B．that C．which D．who6．Theguideaskedifwe________anyexperienceinhikingthroughmountainousareasbefore.A．have B．had C．willhave D．hashad7．________theYellowRiverandtheYangtzeRiver,Chinahasmanyotherbeautifulriversandlakes.A．Aswellas B．Bytheway C．Inthefuture D．Thatway8．TheAmazonRainforesthas________intheworld,soit’sveryimportanttotheEarth.A．thelargestvarietyofplantsandanimals B．thedeepestpointC．thebiggestdesert D．thelongestriver9．TheMarianaTrenchisthe________intheworld,evenwhalescan’treachitsbottomeasily.A．deepestpoint B．highestcliff C．largestdesert D．longesttrench10．TheSaharaDesertis________intheworld,andcoversahugeareaofland.A．thebiggestdesert B．thedeepestpoint C．thehighestplace D．thelongestriver二、单词拼写11．Iguessthetemperatureisb(低于)zerobecauseit’sfreezinghere.12．Lastmonth,wer(调查)oldstoriesaboutHongcunfortheschoolnewspaper.13．Don’teattoomuchinthed(沙漠),oryou’llfeelquitethirsty.14．Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontocontrolairpollutionl(程度)incities.15．Shenzhou-19landedonthes(表面)oftheearthsafelyon30thApril,2025.16．HuangshanMountainattractst(游客)fromallovertheworldwithitssunriseandseaofclouds.17．Theweatherforecastsaidthetemperaturewouldrisebyfived(度)tomorrow.18．Thegirlputherarmsaroundhermother’ss(肩膀)andgaveherakiss.19．Youcan’ts(仅仅；只)memorizewords;youshouldunderstandtheirmeanings.20．Teenagersr(面临危险)hurtingtheireyesiftheyusephonesfortoolong.三、完形填空Theconnectionbetweenhumansandthewondersofnatureisprofoundandtimeless.Forcenturies,peoplehavesoughttounderstandandcommunicatewiththenaturalworld,drawinginspirationand21fromitsbeautyandmystery.Whenweimmerseourselvesinnature,weexperienceasenseofcalmthatishardtofindinbusyurbanlife.Therustleofleavesintheforest,theroarofwaterfalls,andtheglowofstarsinthenightsky—alltheseelementsspeaktousintheirownuniqueway.Totrulyconnectwithnature,weneedtobeattentive22.Wemustputasideourdistractionsandfocusonthesights,sounds,andsmellsaroundus.Manyscientistsandexplorers23thesecretsofnatureforgenerations.Fromstudyingthemigrationofbirdstoexploringthedepthsoftheocean,theirworkhashelpedusunderstandhowthenaturalworldfunctions.Theireffortsremindusthatnature’swondersarenotjustbeautiful—theyarealsocomplexandfragilesystemsthatrequireourcare.Respectisanotherkeyaspectofcommunicatingwithnature.Whenwevisitnaturalwonders,weshouldactasguests,notmasters.Weshouldnotpickflowers,disturbwildlife,orleavebehindtrash.Thesesmallactsofrespect24preservenature’sbeautyforfuturegenerations.Somepeoplearguethatinthedigitalage,wearelosingtouchwithnature.Whileit’struethatmanyofusspendmoretimeindoors,25withscreens,thedesiretoconnectwiththenaturalworldremainsstrong.Moreandmorepeoplearechoosingtospendtheirweekendshiking,camping,orexploringnationalparks,seekingtorekindletheirbondwithnature.Inessence,communicatingwithnatureisatwo-wayprocess.Itrequiresustolistenasmuchasweobserve,andtogiveasmuchaswetake.By26thisconnection,wenotonlyenrichourownlivesbutalsocontributetothepreservationoftheplanet’smostprecioustreasures.Thewondersofnaturearegiftsthatshouldbecherished.Theyteachusaboutpatience,resilience,andtheinterconnectedness(相互联系，相互依存)ofalllivingthings.27wecontinuetonurtureourrelationshipwithnature,wewillensurethatthesewondersendureforcenturiestocome.Whetherwearestandingatthefootofatoweringmountain,walkingalongaquietbeach,orsimplywatchingasunset,weareengaginginaformofcommunicationwiththenaturalworld.Thiscommunication28ushumility,remindingusthatwearepartofsomethingmuchlargerthanourselves.Inaworldfacingenvironmentalchallenges,ourconnectionwithnatureismoreimportantthanever.Itinspiresustotakeactiontoprotecttheplanetanditswonders,ensuringthatfuturegenerationscanalsoexperiencethejoyandaweof29withnature.So,letusembracetheopportunitytoconnectwiththewondersofnature.Letuslistentoits30voice,respectitspower,andworktogethertoprotectit.Indoingso,wewillfindnotonlypeaceandfulfillmentbutalsothestrengthtobuildamoresustainablefutureforall.21．A．knowledge B．confusion C．chaos D．sadness22．A．listeners B．speakers C．observers D．performers23．A．havebeenexploring B．explore C．explored D．willexplore24．A．help B．helps C．helped D．willhelp25．A．engage B．engaging C．engaged D．toengage26．A．nurturing B．breaking C．ignoring D．ending27．A．Unless B．If C．Though D．Because28．A．bring B．brings C．brought D．willbring29．A．communicating B．fighting C．competing D．struggling30．A．fragile B．strong C．rigid D．Temporary四、阅读理解Naturalwondersarenotonlysourcesofbeautybutalsovitaltothehealthofourplanet.Fromrainforests(热带雨林)thatproduceoxygentooceansthatregulatetheclimate,thesewondersplayacrucialroleinmaintainingtheEarth’secologicalbalance.Communicatingwithandprotectingthemisessentialforoursurvival.Rainforestsareoftencalledthe“lungsoftheEarth”becausetheyabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.Theyarealsohometomillionsofplantandanimalspecies,manyofwhicharefoundnowhereelseonEarth.However,rainforestsarebeingdestroyedatanalarmingrateduetodeforestationforagricultureandlogging.Thisdestructionnotonlythreatensbiodiversitybutalsocontributestoclimatechange.Oceansareanothervitalnaturalwonder.Theycoverover70%oftheEarth’ssurfaceandsupportcountlessmarinespecies.Oceansalsohelpregulatetheplanet’stemperaturebyabsorbingheatfromthesun.Unfortunately,oceanpollution,overfishing,andoceanacidification(海洋酸化)areputtingthesedelicateecosystemsatrisk.Toprotectouroceans,weneedtoreduceplasticwaste,supportsustainablefishingpractices,andaddressclimatechange.Mountainsarealsoimportantnaturalwonders.Theyprovidefreshwaterforbillionsofpeople,supportuniqueecosystems,andofferrecreationalopportunitiesforoutdoorenthusiasts.However,mountainregionsarefacingthreatssuchasdeforestation,soilerosion,andtheeffectsofclimatechange,includingmeltingglaciers.Protectingmountainsmeanspreservingtheirecosystemsandensuringthattheycontinuetoprovideessentialresourcesforfuturegenerations.31．Whyarerainforestscalledthe“lungsoftheEarth”?A．Becausetheyarehometomanyanimals.B．Becausetheyabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.C．