湘教版五年级英语下册语法知识点巩固习题及答案

湘教版五年级英语下册语法知识点巩固习题及答案第1页共1页湘教版五年级英语下册语法知识点巩固习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Mysisteroftenhelpsmewithmyhomeworkonweekends.Whatdoes"often"mean?A.alwaysB.usuallyC.sometimesD.never参考答案：B2.Theteacherasked,"Whatdidyoudoyesterday?"Mikeanswered,"IwatchedTV."WhatisthecorrectwaytoaskaboutMike'saction?A.Wheredidyougoyesterday?B.WhattimedidyouwatchTV?C.HowlongdidyouwatchTV?D.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?参考答案：D3.Lookatthepicture.Theboyisplayingthepiano.Whatistheboydoing?A.Heisreadingabook.B.Heisplayingtheguitar.C.Heisplayingthepiano.D.Heisdrawingapicture.参考答案：C4.Thecatissleepingonthesofa.Whatisthecatdoing?A.Thecatisrunninginthegarden.B.Thecatissleepingonthesofa.C.Thecatiseatingfish.D.Thecatisplayingwithaball.参考答案：B5.WehaveabigdinneronChineseNewYear'sDay.Whatdoweusuallydoonthatday?A.Wewatchafootballmatch.B.Wehaveabigdinner.C.Wegotothecinema.D.Weplaycomputergames.参考答案：B6.Thegirlisreadingabookunderthetree.Whatisthegirldoing?A.Thegirlisplayingwithherfriends.B.Thegirlisreadingabookunderthetree.C.Thegirliseatinganapple.D.Thegirlissingingasong.参考答案：B7.Itisrainingoutsidenow.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Itissunny.B.Itiscloudy.C.Itisrainingoutsidenow.D.Itissnowing.参考答案：C8.Whatarethethreemaintypesofsports?(Thepassagementionsfootball,basketball,andswimming.)A.Running,jumping,andswimming.B.Football,basketball,andswimming.C.Cycling,tennis,andbadminton.D.Rugby,volleyball,andgolf.参考答案：B9.Howdoesthepassagedescribetheschoolgarden?(Thepassagesaysitisbeautifulandfullofflowers.)A.Itissmallandempty.B.Itisbeautifulandfullofflowers.C.Itisdirtyandnoisy.D.Itismodernandcolorful.参考答案：B10.Whatistheauthor'sopinionaboutthenewlibrary?(Thepassagesaysitisveryusefulforstudents.)A.Theauthorthinksthelibraryisboring.B.Theauthorthinksthelibraryisveryusefulforstudents.C.Theauthorthinksthelibraryistooexpensive.D.Theauthorthinksthelibraryisclosedallthetime.参考答案：B二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Whatisyourfavoriteseason?Ilike______becauseitiswarmandsunny.参考答案：summer2.Please______thebookonthetabletome.参考答案：pass3.Sheis______alettertoherfriendnow.参考答案：writing4.Canyouswim?Yes,Icanswim______.参考答案：well5.Thereare______birdsinthetree.参考答案：some6.Myfather______toworkbycareveryday.参考答案：goes7.WewillhaveapartynextSunday.______youcome?参考答案：Are8.Thecatissleeping______thesofa.参考答案：on9.I______anewpenyesterday.参考答案：bought10.Whattime______itnow?参考答案：is三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Theboyisplayingbasketballintheparknow.参考答案：√2.MymothergoestothesupermarketeverySunday.参考答案：√3.Theywillhaveapicnicnextweekend,butitmightrain.参考答案：×4.Lookatthepicture.Thegirlisreadingabookunderthetree.参考答案：√5.Thecatissleepingonthesofabecauseitisverytired.参考答案：√6.Itisrainingoutsidenow.Whatshouldwedo?参考答案：×7.Pleaseputthebookonthedesk.参考答案：√8.Sheiswritingalettertoherfriend.参考答案：√9.Canyouswim?Yes,Icanswim.参考答案：×10.Therearemanybirdsinthetree.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.PleasedescribethemaindifferencebetweenthepresentsimpletenseandthepresentcontinuoustenseinEnglish.参考答案：Thepresentsimpletenseisusedforhabits,routines,andgeneraltruths.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedforactionshappeningnowortemporarysituations.2.Howdoyouusetheadverb"often"andtheadverb"sometimes"insentences?Giveexamples.参考答案：Oftenmeans"usually"andisusedbeforethemainverbinthepresentsimpletense.Sometimesmeans"occasionally"andisalsousedbeforethemainverbinthepresentsimpletense.Example:"Ioftenplayfootball.""Shesometimesgoestothepark."3.Whatisthefunctionoftheword"because"inasentence?Explainwithanexample.参考答案：Becauseisaconjunctionusedtointroduceareasonorcauseforsomething.Example:"IwaslatebecauseImissedthebus."4.CanyoulistthreecommonirregularverbsinEnglishandgiveonepastformforeach?参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsare"go"(went),"eat"(ate),"do"(did).5.Explainthemeaningofthephrase"lookafter"inasentence.Provideanexample.参考答案：Lookaftermeanstotakecareofsomeoneorsomething.Example:"Mymotherlooksafterthebaby."6.Howdoyouformthepluralformofanounthatendswith"y"?Giveanexample.参考答案：Fornounsendingin"y",changethe"y"to"i"andadd"es".Example:"city"becomes"cities".7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"alotof"and"many"?Whendoyouuseeach?参考答案：Alotofisusedwithuncountablenouns,whilemanyisusedwithcountablenouns.Example:"Alotofwater"(uncountable),"Manybooks"(countable).8.Describethestructureofasimplesentence.Includethesubjectandpredicateinyourexplanation.参考答案：Asimplesentencehasasubjectandapredicate.Thesubjectiswhoorwhatthesentenceisabout,andthepredicatetellsuswhatthesubjectdoesoris.Example:"Thecatsleeps."五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）（请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写最后结果不得分）1.Lookatthepictureofamodelplane.Theplanehasawingspanof1.5metersandabodylengthof2meters.Ifthewingspanisdoubled,whatwillbethenewbodylengthoftheplane?Drawadiagramtoshowtheoriginalandnewdimensionsoftheplane.参考答案：Thenewbodylengthoftheplanewillbe2meters.Thediagramshouldshowtworectangles,onewithawingspanof1.5metersandabodylengthof2meters,andtheotherwithawingspanof3metersandthesamebodylengthof2meters.2.Agroupofstudentsisbuildingabirdhouse.Theyneed3metersofwoodfortheroofand2metersofwoodforthewalls.Iftheyhave10metersofwoodintotal,howmuchwoodwillbeleftafterbuildingthebirdhouse?参考答案：Thestudentswillhave5metersofwoodleft.3.Readthefollowingdialoguebetweentwofriends,LilyandTom:Lily:Iboughtanewbookyesterday.Ithas200pages.Tom:That'sgreat!Howlongwillittakeyoutoreaditifyouread20pageseveryday?Basedonthedialogue,calculatehowmanydaysitwilltakeLilytofinishreadingthebook.参考答案：ItwilltakeLily10daystofinishreadingthebook.4.Aschoolisorganizingasportsday.Theyneedtoarrange12tablesinarowfortheparticipants.Eachtableis1.2meterswide.Whatisthetotalwidthoftherowoftables?参考答案：Thetotalwidthoftherowoftablesis14.4meters.5.Lookatthediagramofagarden.Thegardenhasalengthof10metersandawidthof6meters.Iftheownerwantstoplantflowersinhalfofthegarden,whatwillbetheareaoftheareawhereflowerswillbeplanted?参考答案：Theareawhereflowerswillbeplantedis30squaremeters.6.Abakerismakingcakesforaparty.Heneeds3eggsforeachcake.Ifhehas15eggsintotal,howmanycakescanhemake?参考答案：Thebakercanmake5cakes.7.Readthefollowingsentence:"Thecatissleepingonthemat."Writeanewsentenceusingthesamestructure(subject+verb+object)butwithdifferentwords.参考答案：Thedogisrunninginthepark.8.Aboxcontains20redballs,15blueballs,and10greenballs.Ifaballisrandomlyselectedfromthebox,whatistheprobabilityofselectingablueball?参考答案：Theprobabilityofselectingablueballis15/45,whichsimplifiesto1/3.标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查一般现在时的用法。题干中的"often"表示频率，意为“经常”，与"usually"（通常）意思相近。always（总是）、sometimes（有时）、never（从不）与"often"的含义不同。因此，正确选项是B。2.参考答案：D解析：本题考查特殊疑问句的回答。题干中的"Whatdidyoudoyesterday?"是一个特殊疑问句，询问昨天做了什么。Mike的回答"IwatchedTV."是对"Whatdidyoudoyesterday?"的直接回答。因此，正确选项是D。3.参考答案：C解析：本题考查现在进行时的用法。题干中的"Theboyisplayingthepiano."使用了现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作。A、B、D选项中的动词形式与题干不符。因此，正确选项是C。4.参考答案：B解析：本题考查现在进行时的用法。题干中的"Thecatissleepingonthesofa."使用了现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作。A、C、D选项中的动词形式与题干不符。因此，正确选项是B。5.参考答案：B解析：本题考查一般现在时的用法。题干中的"WehaveabigdinneronChineseNewYear'sDay."使用了一般现在时，表示习惯性的动作。A、C、D选项中的动词形式与题干不符。因此，正确选项是B。6.参考答案：B解析：本题考查现在进行时的用法。题干中的"Thegirlisreadingabookunderthetree."使用了现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作。A、C、D选项中的动词形式与题干不符。因此，正确选项是B。7.参考答案：C解析：本题考查现在进行时的用法。题干中的"Itisrainingoutsidenow."使用了现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作。A、B、D选项中的动词形式与题干不符。因此，正确选项是C。8.参考答案：B解析：本题考查一般现在时的用法。题干中的"Whatarethethreemaintypesofsports?"询问三种主要的运动类型。根据题干后面的信息"Thepassagementionsfootball,basketball,andswimming."，正确选项是B。9.参考答案：B解析：本题考查一般现在时的用法。题干中的"Howdoesthepassagedescribetheschoolgarden?"询问文章如何描述学校花园。根据题干后面的信息"Thepassagesaysitisbeautifulandfullofflowers."，正确选项是B。10.参考答案：B解析：本题考查一般现在时的用法。题干中的"Whatistheauthor'sopinionaboutthenewlibrary?"询问作者对新图书馆的看法。根据题干后面的信息"Thepassagesaysitisveryusefulforstudents."，正确选项是B。二、填空题1.参考答案：summer解析：本题考查〈季节表达〉。题干询问最喜欢的季节，根据后文“itiswarmandsunny”可知应填夏季，对应教材下册单元关于季节的描述。2.参考答案：pass解析：本题考查〈祈使句动词原形〉。根据“Please”可知是祈使句，动词应为原形，pass符合语境“把书递给我”。3.参考答案：writing解析：本题考查〈现在进行时〉。根据“now”可知用现在进行时，write的ing形式为writing，表示正在写信。4.参考答案：well解析：本题考查〈形容词比较级用法〉。swim是can的动词原形，well作副词修饰动词swim，意为“游得好”。5.参考答案：some解析：本题考查〈代词辨析〉。根据语境“树上有鸟”且数量不确定，some表示“一些”，符合五年级教材关于代词的用法。6.参考答案：goes解析：本题考查〈一般现在时第三人称单数〉。主语father是第三人称单数，动词go需加-s，符合教材语法规则。7.参考答案：Are解析：本题考查〈一般疑问句构成〉。nextSunday是将来时间，疑问句用areyou，符合教材一般疑问句结构。8.参考答案：on解析：本题考查〈介词用法〉。sleeping是现在分词，onthesofa是固定搭配，意为“在沙发上睡觉”。9.参考答案：bought解析：本题考查〈一般过去时动词过去式〉。yesterday是过去时间，buy的过去式是bought，符合教材动词过去式规则。10.参考答案：is解析：本题考查〈现在进行时时间表达〉。now是现在进行时的标志词，主语it是第三人称单数，动词用is。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查现在进行时态。题干中的“isplaying”是现在进行时态的标志，表示正在进行的动作，符合现在进行时态的用法。2.参考答案：√解析：本题考查一般现在时态。题干中的“goes”是一般现在时态的标志，表示经常性的动作，符合一般现在时态的用法。3.参考答案：×解析：本题考查一般将来时态。题干中的“willhave”是一般将来时态的标志，但“itmightrain”表示不确定性，不符合一般将来时态的用法。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查现在进行时态。题干中的“isreading”是现在进行时态的标志，表示正在进行的动作，符合现在进行时态的用法。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查一般现在时态。题干中的“issleeping”是一般现在时态的标志，表示经常性的动作，符合一般现在时态的用法。6.参考答案：×解析：本题考查一般现在时态。题干中的“israining”是一般现在时态的标志，表示正在进行的动作，但“shouldwedo”表示建议，不符合一般现在时态的用法。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查祈使句。题干中的“Pleaseput”是祈使句的标志，表示请求或命令，符合祈使句的用法。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查现在进行时态。题干中的“iswriting”是现在进行时态的标志，表示正在进行的动作，符合现在进行时态的用法。9.参考答案：×解析：本题考查一般现在时态。题干中的“canswim”是一般现在时态的标志，表示能力，但“swim”后面缺少宾语，不符合一般现在时态的用法。10.参考答案：×解析：本题考查一般现在时态。题干中的“are”是一般现在时态的标志，表示存在，但“manybirds”后面缺少谓语动词，不符合一般现在时态的用法。四、简答题1.参考答案：Thepresentsimpletenseisusedforhabits,routines,andgeneraltruths.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedforactionshappeningnowortemporarysituations.解析：本题考查presentsimpletense与presentcontinuoustense的区别。解析：presentsimpletense用于描述习惯性动作、日常惯例和一般性事实，如"Idrinkmilkeveryday."；presentcontinuoustense用于描述现在正在进行的动作或暂时性的状态，如"Iamdrinkingmilknow."。二者主要区别在于时间状语和动作状态的不同。2.参考答案：Oftenmeans"usually"andisusedbeforethemainverbinthepresentsimpletense.Sometimesmeans"occasionally"andisalsousedbeforethemainverbinthepresentsimpletense.Example:"Ioftenplayfootball.""Shesometimesgoestothepark."解析：本题考查常用副词的用法。解析："often"通常表示“经常”，用于一般现在时动词前，如"Iofteneatbreakfast."；"sometimes"表示“有时”，同样用于一般现在时动词前，如"IsometimeswatchTV."。二者都表示频率，但"often"频率更高。3.参考答案：Becauseisaconjunctionusedtointroduceareasonorcauseforsomething.Example:"IwaslatebecauseImissedthebus."解析：本题考查because的功能。解析："because"是连词，用于引导原因状语从句，说明某事发生的原因，如"Sheistiredbecauseshestudiedlate."。它必须放在主句之后。4.参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsare"go"(went),"eat"(ate),"do"(did).解析：本题考查不规则动词。解析：不规则动词的过去式和过去分词需要单独记忆，如"go"的过去式是"went"，"eat"是"ate"，"do"是"did"。5.参考答案：Lookaftermeanstotakecareofsomeoneorsomething.Example:"Mymotherlooksafterthebaby."解析：本题考查动词短语的意义。解析："lookafter"是动词短语，意为“照顾”，如"Helooksafterhispetswhenhisparentsareaway."。6.参考答案：Fornounsendingin"y",changethe"y"to"i"andadd"es".Example:"city"becomes"cities".解析：本题考查名词复数规则。解析：以"y"结尾的名词复数形式是先变"y"为"i"，再加"es"，如"baby"变"babies"。7.参考答案：Alotofisusedwithuncountablenouns,whilemanyisusedwithcountablenouns.Example:"Alotofwater"(uncountable),"Manybooks"(countable).解析：本题考查不定代词的用法。解析："alotof"用于不可数名词，如"alotoftime"；"many"用于可数名词复数，如"manyapples"。8.参考答案：Asimplesentencehasasubjectandapredicate.Thesubjectiswhoorwhatthesentenceisabout,andthepredicatetellsuswhatthesubjectdoesoris.Example:"Thecatsleeps."解析：本题考查简单句的结构。解析：简单句由主语和谓语构成，主语