阅读理解题型分类练(三)　推理判断题-推断隐含意义、写作意图类

阅读理解题型分类练(三)推理判断题——推断隐含意义、写作意图类(分值：30分)授课提示：对应专题检测题题过7页A(2025·江西南昌高三二模)AnnieSmith,32,wentintolaborasfloodwatersfromHurricaneHarveysurroundedherapartment.Withtheroadsunderwater,thetwo-miledrivetothehospitalwasimpossible.Annieandherhusband,Greg,bothdoctors,beganpreparingforahomebirth.Gregrushedtogathersupplies—scissors,sewingneedles—whilehismotherboiledwatertosterilize(消毒)them.“I'mreallystartingtogetscarednow，”AnnietoldGregastherealitysetin.Aneighbor,checkingontheSmiths,sentanemailtotheirapartmentcomplex'smessageboardaskingforhelp.Within30minutes,atleast15peopleshowedup,includingmedicaltraineesfromthecomplex.Meanwhile,thecouplehadbeencontinuouslydialing911butnevergotananswer.Finally,acalltothedirectorofAnnie'sfellowshipprogramledtoaction.Thedirector'sfather,wholivednearafirestation,walkedtheretoexplainthesituation.Aroundnoon,arescuetruckarrived.Bythen,thewaterhadreachedaformidablelevelthatthevehiclecouldn'tgetclose.TheSmiths'neighborsandfirefightersformedahumanchaintohelpAnnieSmithtothebackoftheflatbedtruck.“Iheldontothemonepersonatatime，”shesaid,movingonherhandsandkneesalongtheirarmsuntilshereachedtheladdersafely.Shesatonablanketinthetruck,ashowercurtainoverherhead,astheydrovethroughtheflood.TheSmithsarrivedatTexasChildren'sHospitalabout15minuteslater.Anhourlater,theirdaughterAdriellewasborn,weighing7pounds,6ounces.Thecouple,exhaustedbutrelieved,appreciatedtheneighborsandfiremenwhohadcometotheiraid.“Itwasabsolutelyincrediblehowmanypeoplerespondedandwereoutintheraintryingtohelpus，”Anniesaid.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对医生夫妇在飓风洪水中，因医院无法到达而准备在家分娩，最终在邻居和消防员的帮助下成功获救并诞下女儿的感人故事。1．WhydidtheSmithsatfirstprepareforahomebirth？()A．Thehospitalwasinaccessible.B．Driverswerehardtoreach.C．Theyweresuggestedbydoctors.D．Theemergencyserviceswereoffduty.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Withtheroadsunderwater,thetwo-miledrivetothehospitalwasimpossible.”可知，由于道路被水淹没，医院无法到达，所以史密斯一家最初准备在家分娩。故选A。2．Whoplayedacrucialroleincallingtherescuetruck？()A．Aneighbour.B．Greg'smother.C．Amedicaltrainee.D．Thedirector'sfather.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Finally,acalltothedirectorofAnnie'sfellowshipprogramledtoaction.Thedirector'sfather,wholivednearafirestation,walkedtheretoexplainthesituation.”可知，这位主任的父亲住在消防站附近，他步行到那里解释了情况。由此可知，这位主任的父亲在联系救援卡车的过程中起到了关键作用。故选D。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“formidable”inParagraph4mean？()A．Scary.B．Awesome.C．Average.D．Normal.答案：A解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Aroundnoon,arescuetruckarrived.Bythen,thewaterhadreachedaformidablelevelthatthevehiclecouldn'tgetclose.”可知，画线单词后的同位语从句对level进行解释，洪水到了车辆无法靠近的程度。由此可知，洪水水位高得吓人，阻碍了车辆靠近，所以画线单词的意思与scary“可怕的”意义相近。故选A。4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext？()A．Torecordanunforgettabledisaster.B．Toremembertherespectedfiremen.C．Topraisethelovewithinthecommunity.D．ToraisefundsforAnnie'sfellowshipprogram.答案：C解析：推理判断题。结合全文内容，尤其是最后一段中“Thecouple,exhaustedbutrelieved,appreciatedtheneighborsandfiremenwhohadcometotheiraid.‘Itwasabsolutelyincrediblehowmanypeoplerespondedandwereoutintheraintryingtohelpus，’Anniesaid.”可知，这对夫妇非常感激前来帮助他们的邻居和消防员。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是赞美社区内的互助与爱心。故选C。B(2025·山东济南高三三模)EstherKimani,a29-year-oldpioneerinagritech,ischangingthelivesofsmallholderfarmersacrossAfrica．AsthefounderofFarmerLifelineTechnologies(FLT),shehasappliedartificialintelligence(AI)tofightagainstcroppests(害虫)anddiseases,significantlyreducinglossesforruralfarmers.Kimani'sjourneybeganinasmallKenyanvillageontheAberdareMountains.Witnessingfirsthandthesevereimpactofpestsanddiseasesontheircrops—andconsequently,theirincome—sheunderstoodearlyhowagriculturallossescouldmeanunmetbasicneedslikeschoolfeesandhealthcare.Despitethesechallenges,Kimanibecamethefirstgirlfromhervillagetoattenduniversity,studyingcomputerscience.Itwastherethatsherecognizedthepotentialoftechnologytosolveruralfarmers'struggles,andthat'showFLTwasborn.InKenyaalone，7.5millionsmallholderfarmersloseupto50%oftheiryield(产量)topestsanddiseasesannually—lossesthatcouldfeedmillions.Traditionalsolutionslikehiringagriculturalconsultantsorusingdrones(无人机)areprohibitivelyexpensive.Tosolvethiscriticalissue,shedevelopedanAI-poweredcamera,whichissetuponfarmsatnoupfrontcost.ItscanscropscontinuouslyandwarnsfarmersthroughShortMessageService(SMS)for$3permonthwhenpestsordiseasesaredetected.AkeyfocusforKimaniissupportingwomenfarmers,whomakeup43%oftheagriculturallaborforceindevelopingnations,butwhooftenlackaccesstotechnology.“Meninruralcommunitiestendtohavesmartphones,whilewomenrelyonbasicfeaturephones，”shenotes.“ThroughSMS,weensurewomenaren'tleftbehind.”Kimani'sinnovationhasalreadyimpactedthousandsoffarmers,78%ofwhomhavereportedayieldincreaseofover36%.Herteamaimstoreach200thousandfarmsacrossthecountrywithinfiveyears.ForKimani,successin2030meansseeing200thousandsmallholderfarmerslivingwithdignity—affordingeducation,healthcare,andfinancialstabilitythroughimprovedyields.Kimaniisnotjustbuildingacompany;she'sreshapingthefutureofAfricanagriculture.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了29岁的农业技术先驱EstherKimani通过创立FarmerLifelineTechnologies(FLT)，利用人工智能技术帮助非洲小农户对抗作物病虫害，显著减少损失并改善农民生活的故事。5．WhydidKimanifoundFLT？()A．Tofundruralfarmers.B．Totransformfarming.C．ToexpandAIindustry.D．Toresearchcroptypes.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Itwastherethatsherecognizedthepotentialoftechnologytosolveruralfarmers'struggles,andthat'showFLTwasborn.”可知，Kimani创立FLT的初衷是通过技术解决农民的困境，即改造农业。故选B。6．HowdoestheAI-poweredcamerahelpfarmers？()A．Bysendingthemtimelywarnings.B．Byconnectingthemtoconsultants.C．Bycontrollingdronestoscancrops.D．Bydrivingpestsawayautomatically.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“ItscanscropscontinuouslyandwarnsfarmersthroughShortMessageService(SMS)for$3permonthwhenpestsordiseasesaredetected.”可知，AI摄像头通过向农民发送及时警告来帮助他们。故选A。7．WhatisanadvantageofKimani'sinnovation？()A．Equalaccess.B．Tailoredservice.C．Largestorage.D．Easymaintenance.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，Kimani的创新确保了女性农民也能被纳入技术帮助的范围内，即体现了平等获取技术帮助的优势。故选A。8．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph？()A．Financialpoliciesaffectagriculture.B．Africanagriculturewilltakethelead.C．Kimaniwillpursuefurthereducation.D．Kimani'sinnovationpowersabrightfuture.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段前三句可知，Kimani的创新已经取得了显著成效，并且她的团队有着明确的目标和愿景，即改善更多农民的生活。由此可推知，Kimani的创新将推动农业走向光明前景。故选D。C(2025·四川省部分学校联考)Fromanairplane,carsmovingslowlydownthehighwaylooklikeants.Butunlikecars,antsmanagetoavoidtheproblemofstop-and-gotraffic.Researchersarenowstudyingtheseinsects'helpfulwaystolearnhowtofurtherprogramself-drivingcarsthatrunmoreefficientlyanddon'tgetstuckintraffic.Thefreeflowoftrafficbecomesunstableasthenumberofcarsincreasesonahighway.At15vehiclespermileperlane(车道),onedriverhittingtheirbrakescanstartalong-lastingwaveoftrafficjams.ThepreviousresearchofNishinari,amathematicalphysicistattheUniversityofTokyo,hadshownthatantslookingforfoodcankeeptheirflowevenathighdensities(密度).Inarecentstudy,researchersrecordedantsontheirwaytofindfoodandusedtraffic-engineeringmodelstoanalyzetheirmovement.Theyfoundthattheantsdon'tgetstuckbecausetheytravelingroupsof3to20thatmoveatalmostthesamespeedwhilekeepinggooddistancesbetweenoneanother,andtheydon'tspeeduptogopastothers.Humandriversduringtherushhourarehardlylikelytofollowsuchrules.“We'retryingtogetthemostbenefitsforourselves,whichiswhy,atacertainpoint,westarttohaveatrafficjam，”saysstudyco-authorNicolaPugno.Butself-drivingcars,iftheyonedaybecomeverycommon,couldhavemorecooperativeprogramming.Thisvehiclenetworkwouldbelikeantsonatrail,whichusesmelltoworktogetherintheirbehaviors.Inbothantandvehicletraffic,thistypeofsystemcanbeverystrongandabletorecoverquickly,accordingtoNishinari.Still,antscandothingsthatcars—evenself-drivingones—can't.Plus,unlikecars,antsdon'tcrash;theycanactuallywalkoveroneanother.Today'sdriverscanlearnfromantstoavoidcausingatrafficjam:Keepasafedistancefromthecarinfront.Bydoingthis,driverscandealwithbrakinginheavytrafficconditionsthatwouldotherwisebecomeabigtrafficjam.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了蚂蚁在交通流动中的高效行为模式，以及这些行为如何为自动驾驶汽车的设计和编程提供启示。9．Whydoresearchersstudyants'behaviors？()A．Toupgradecertainautonomousvehicles.B．Tocreateaverystableenvironmentforants.C．Tounderstandthesocialinteractionamongants.D．Toanalyzethedifferencesbetweenantsandcars.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchersarenowstudyingtheseinsects'helpfulwaystolearnhowtofurtherprogramself-drivingcarsthatrunmoreefficientlyanddon'tgetstuckintraffic.”可知，研究人员研究蚂蚁的行为是为了学习它们的高效交通方式，以便更好地编程自动驾驶汽车，使其运行更高效且不会陷入交通堵塞。故选A。10．WhatdoesParagraph3focuson？()A．Howantscompeteforfood.B．Howantskeeptrafficflowing.C．Howantsg